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Logic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    We investigate the degree spectra of computable relations on canonically ordered natural numbers\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$$(\\omega ,&lt;)$$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                        <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mo>(<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mi>\u03c9<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo>,<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mo>)<\/mml:mo>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <\/mml:math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    and integers\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$$(\\zeta ,&lt;)$$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                        <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mo>(<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mi>\u03b6<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo>,<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mo>)<\/mml:mo>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <\/mml:math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    . As for\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$$(\\omega ,&lt;)$$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                        <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mo>(<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mi>\u03c9<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo>,<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mo>)<\/mml:mo>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <\/mml:math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    , we provide several criteria that fix the degree spectrum of a computable relation to all c.e. or to all\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$$\\Delta _2$$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                        <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                          <mml:msub>\n                            <mml:mi>\u0394<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn>\n                          <\/mml:msub>\n                        <\/mml:math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    degrees; this includes the complete characterization of the degree spectra of so-called computable block functions that have only finitely many types of blocks. Compared to Bazhenov et al. (in: LIPIcs, vol 219, pp 8:1\u20138:20, 2022), we obtain a more general solution to the problem regarding possible degree spectra on\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$$(\\omega ,&lt;)$$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                        <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mo>(<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mi>\u03c9<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo>,<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mo>)<\/mml:mo>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <\/mml:math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    , answering the question whether there are infinitely many such spectra. As for\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$$(\\zeta ,&lt;)$$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                        <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mo>(<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mi>\u03b6<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo>,<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mo>)<\/mml:mo>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <\/mml:math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    , we prove the following dichotomy result: given an arbitrary computable relation\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    on\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$$(\\zeta ,&lt;)$$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                        <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mo>(<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mi>\u03b6<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo>,<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mo>)<\/mml:mo>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <\/mml:math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    , its degree spectrum is either trivial or it contains all c.e. degrees. This result, and the proof techniques required to solve it, extend the analogous theorem for\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$$(\\omega ,&lt;)$$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                        <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mo>(<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mi>\u03c9<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo>,<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mo>)<\/mml:mo>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <\/mml:math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    obtained by Wright (Computability 7:349\u2013365, 2018), and provide initial insight to Wright\u2019s question whether such a dichotomy holds on computable ill-founded linear orders. This article is an extended version of Bazhenov et al. 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