{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T00:00:21Z","timestamp":1780099221584,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]],"date-time":"2019-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548806400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]],"date-time":"2019-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548806400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000143","name":"Division of Computing and Communication Foundations","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1101495"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1101495"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000143","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000144","name":"Division of Computer and Network Systems","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1218374"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1218374"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000144","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Theory Comput Syst"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00224-018-09906-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]],"date-time":"2019-01-30T07:47:13Z","timestamp":1548834433000},"page":"1314-1335","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Strategic Network Formation Through an Intermediary"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9757-6839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elliot","family":"Anshelevich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Onkar","family":"Bhardwaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koushik","family":"Kar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"9906_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ager, B., Chatzis, N., Feldmann, A., Sarrar, N., Uhlig, S., Willinger, W.: Anatomy of a large european IXP. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2012 Conference on Applications, Technologies, Architectures, and Protocols for Computer Communication, pp. 163\u2013174. ACM (2012)","DOI":"10.1145\/2377677.2377714"},{"key":"9906_CR2","unstructured":"AMS-IX: Amsterdam internet exchange pricing. \n                    https:\/\/ams-ix.net\/services-pricing\/pricing\n                    \n                   (2015)"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"9906_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/s00453-011-9520-7","volume":"63","author":"E Anshelevich","year":"2012","unstructured":"Anshelevich, E., Hoefer, M.: Contribution games in networks. Algorithmica 63(1-2), 51\u201390 (2012)","journal-title":"Algorithmica"},{"key":"9906_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Augustin, B., Krishnamurthy, B., Willinger, W.: IXPs: mapped?. In: Proceedings of the 9th ACM SIGCOMM Conference on Internet Measurement Conference, pp. 336\u2013349. ACM (2009)","DOI":"10.1145\/1644893.1644934"},{"issue":"5","key":"9906_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-0262.00155","volume":"68","author":"V Bala","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bala, V., Goyal, S.: A noncooperative model of network formation. Econometrica 68(5), 1181\u20131229 (2000)","journal-title":"Econometrica"},{"issue":"1","key":"9906_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/s00182-008-0140-7","volume":"38","author":"A Calv\u00f3-Armengol","year":"2009","unstructured":"Calv\u00f3-Armengol, A., Ilkilic, R.: Pairwise-stability and nash equilibria in network formation. Int. J. Game Theory 38(1), 51\u201379 (2009)","journal-title":"Int. J. Game Theory"},{"key":"9906_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cardona Restrepo, J.C., Stanojevic, R.: IXP traffic: a macroscopic view. In: Proceedings of the 7th Latin American Networking Conference, pp. 1\u20138. ACM (2012)","DOI":"10.1145\/2382016.2382018"},{"key":"9906_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Corbo, J., Parkes, D.: The price of selfish behavior in bilateral network formation. In: Proceedings of the Twenty-Fourth Annual ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing, pp. 99\u2013107. ACM (2005)","DOI":"10.1145\/1073814.1073833"},{"key":"9906_CR9","volume-title":"Introduction to algorithms","author":"TH Cormen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cormen, T.H.: Introduction to algorithms. MIT Press, Cambridge (2009)"},{"key":"9906_CR10","unstructured":"DEC-IX: German internet exchange pricing. \n                    https:\/\/www.de-cix.net\/products-services\/pricing\/\n                    \n                   (2015)"},{"key":"9906_CR11","unstructured":"Derks, J., Kuipers, J., Tennekes, M., Thuijsman, F.: Local dynamics in network formation. In: Proceedings of 3rd World Congress of the Game Theory Society (2008)"},{"key":"9906_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dhamdhere, A., Dovrolis, C.: The internet is flat: modeling the transition from a transit hierarchy to a peering mesh. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference, p. 21. ACM (2010)","DOI":"10.1145\/1921168.1921196"},{"issue":"2","key":"9906_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jet.2004.05.001","volume":"122","author":"B Dutta","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dutta, B., Ghosal, S., Ray, D.: Farsighted network formation. J. Econ. Theory 122(2), 143\u2013164 (2005)","journal-title":"J. Econ. Theory"},{"key":"9906_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Epstein, A., Feldman, M., Mansour, Y.: Strong equilibrium in cost sharing connection games. In: Proceedings of the 8th ACM Conference on Electronic Commerce, pp. 84\u201392. ACM (2007)","DOI":"10.1145\/1250910.1250924"},{"key":"9906_CR15","unstructured":"EuroIX: European internet exchange association: Starting an IXP \u2013 infrastructure and equipment. \n                    https:\/\/www.euro-ix.net\/starting-an-ixp\n                    \n                   (2015)"},{"key":"9906_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fabrikant, A., Luthra, A., Maneva, E., Papadimitriou, C.H., Shenker, S.: On a network creation game. In: Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing, pp. 347\u2013351. ACM (2003)","DOI":"10.1145\/872035.872088"},{"key":"9906_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jackson, M.O.: A survey of network formation models: stability and efficiency. Group Formation in Economics: Networks, Clubs, and Coalitions pp. 11\u201349 (2005)","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511614385.002"},{"issue":"1","key":"9906_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1006\/jeth.1996.0108","volume":"71","author":"MO Jackson","year":"1996","unstructured":"Jackson, M.O., Wolinsky, A.: A strategic model of social and economic networks. J. Econ. Theory 71(1), 44\u201374 (1996)","journal-title":"J. Econ. Theory"},{"key":"9906_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Johari, R.: The price of anarchy and the design of scalable resource allocation mechanisms. Algorithmic Game Theory pp. 543\u2013568 (2007)","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511800481.023"},{"key":"9906_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koutsoupias, E., Papadimitriou, C.: Worst-case equilibria. In: STACS 99, pp. 404\u2013413. Springer (1999)","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-49116-3_38"},{"key":"9906_CR21","unstructured":"LINX: London internet exchange service fees. \n                    https:\/\/www.linx.net\/service\/servicefees.html\n                    \n                   (2015)"},{"key":"9906_CR22","unstructured":"Page, F., Resende, J.: Network formation games. \n                    http:\/\/kenticoqa.uwb.edu\/getattachment\/business\/about\/research-series\/network-formation-games-uwb.pdf\n                    \n                   (2013)"},{"key":"9906_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Papadimitriou, C.: Algorithms, games, and the internet. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Third Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing, pp. 749\u2013753. ACM (2001)","DOI":"10.1145\/380752.380883"},{"key":"9906_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ryan, P.S., Gerson, J.: A primer on internet exchange points for policymakers and non-engineers \n                    http:\/\/ssrn.com\/abstract=2128103\n                    \n                   (2012)","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.2128103"},{"key":"9906_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shakkottai, S., Fomenkov, M., Koga, R., Krioukov, D., Claffy, K.: Evolution of the internet as-level ecosystem. In: Complex Sciences, pp. 1605\u20131616. Springer (2009)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-02469-6_40"},{"issue":"6","key":"9906_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2006.886393","volume":"14","author":"S Shakkottai","year":"2006","unstructured":"Shakkottai, S., Srikant, R.: Economics of network pricing with multiple isps. IEEE\/ACM Trans. Networking 14(6), 1233\u20131245 (2006)","journal-title":"IEEE\/ACM Trans. Networking"},{"key":"9906_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tardos, E., Wexler, T.: Network formation games and the potential function method. Algorithmic Game Theory pp. 487\u2013516 (2007)","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511800481.021"},{"key":"9906_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vazirani, V.V.: Combinatorial algorithms for market equilibria. Algorithmic Game Theory pp 103\u2013134 (2007)","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511800481.007"},{"key":"9906_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Watts, A.: A dynamic model of network formation. In: Networks and Groups, pp. 337\u2013345. Springer (2003)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-24790-6_15"}],"container-title":["Theory of Computing Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00224-018-09906-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00224-018-09906-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00224-018-09906-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,17]],"date-time":"2020-05-17T05:38:04Z","timestamp":1589693884000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00224-018-09906-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}},"alternative-id":["9906"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00224-018-09906-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-4350","1433-0490"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-4350","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-0490","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 January 2019","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}