{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T07:14:33Z","timestamp":1770707673338,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,9]],"date-time":"2021-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612828800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009534","name":"Universit\u00e4t Stuttgart","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009534","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Informatik Spektrum"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Zusammenfassung<\/jats:title><jats:p>Die Idee, Poesie maschinell zu generieren, ist so alt wie die Maschinen selbst. Sie l\u00e4sst sich seit dem Mittelalter beobachten und setzt sich fort bis in die Gegenwart, in der Storytelling-Experimente Algorithmen zur nat\u00fcrlichsprachigen Textgenerierung (NLG) nutzen. Die weltweit ersten Versuche, Poesie digital herzustellen, gelangen in den 1950er Jahren den Mathematikern Christopher Strachey (1916\u20131975) in Manchester und Theo Lutz (1932\u20132010) in Stuttgart. Durch zufallsm\u00e4\u00dfige Auswahl passf\u00e4higer W\u00f6rter und S\u00e4tze erzeugte Strachey 1952 auf einer Ferranti Mark I kurze Liebesbriefe. Dazu verwendete er das Programmierhandbuch von Alan Turing (1912\u20131954). Daneben schrieb Strachey Programme f\u00fcr das Dame-Spiel und zur computationellen Erzeugung von Musik. Lutz stellte 1959 mithilfe eines Programms im Freiburger Code auf einer Zuse Z 22 seine <jats:italic>Stochastischen Texte<\/jats:italic> her, wof\u00fcr er Wortmaterial aus Franz Kafkas Roman <jats:italic>Das Schloss<\/jats:italic> (1926) verwendete und wobei er mit dem Philosophen Max Bense (1910\u20131990) und dem sp\u00e4teren Informatik-Pionier Rul Gunzenh\u00e4user (1933\u20132018) kooperierte. Weil Lutz\u2019 Arbeitsunterlagen nahezu vollst\u00e4ndig erhalten und im Deutschen Literaturarchiv Marbach f\u00fcr die Forschung zug\u00e4nglich sind, gilt Lutz als ein literatur- und informatikgeschichtlich bedeutsamer Vertreter fr\u00fcher digitaler Poesie, die lange Zeit fast nur in avantgardistischen Zirkeln diskutiert wurde und kaum den Weg in eine breitere \u00d6ffentlichkeit fand. Erst aktuelle Debatten um sogenannte K\u00fcnstliche Intelligenz (KI) lenken wieder die Aufmerksamkeit auf diese fr\u00fchen Experimente, die ein faszinierender Mosaikstein der Technik\u2011, Kultur- und Literaturgeschichte sind.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00287-021-01329-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,10]],"date-time":"2021-02-10T02:40:40Z","timestamp":1612924840000},"page":"11-18","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Fr\u00fche digitale Poesie"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Toni","family":"Bernhart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Richter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"1329_CR1","volume-title":"Verlagsautorschaft: Enzensberger und Suhrkamp","author":"T Amslinger","year":"2018","unstructured":"Amslinger\u00a0T (2018) Verlagsautorschaft: Enzensberger und Suhrkamp. 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