{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]],"date-time":"2026-08-08T18:33:38Z","timestamp":1786214018525,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":273,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,21]],"date-time":"2020-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600646400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,21]],"date-time":"2020-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600646400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012957","name":"Friedrich-Schiller-Universit\u00e4t Jena","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012957","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["OR Spectrum"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the wake of e-commerce and its successful diffusion in most commercial activities, last-mile distribution causes more and more trouble in urban areas all around the globe. Growing parcel volumes to be delivered toward customer homes increase the number of delivery vans entering the city centers and thus add to congestion, pollution, and negative health impact. Therefore, it is anything but surprising that in recent years many novel delivery concepts on the last mile have been innovated. Among the most prominent are unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) and autonomous delivery robots taking over parcel delivery. This paper surveys established and novel last-mile concepts and puts special emphasis on the decision problems to be solved when setting up and operating each concept. To do so, we systematically record the alternative delivery concepts in a compact notation scheme, discuss the most important decision problems, and survey existing research on operations research methods solving these problems. Furthermore, we elaborate promising future research avenues.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00291-020-00607-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,21]],"date-time":"2020-09-21T11:02:32Z","timestamp":1600686152000},"page":"1-58","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":547,"title":["Last-mile delivery concepts: a survey from an operational research perspective"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1681-4856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nils","family":"Boysen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Fedtke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Schwerdfeger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"607_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.2017.0791","volume":"52","author":"N Agatz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Agatz N, Bouman P, Schmidt M (2018) Optimization approaches for the traveling salesman problem with drone. Transp Sci 52:965\u2013981","journal-title":"Transp Sci"},{"key":"607_CR2","unstructured":"Agatz N, Campbell AM, Fleischmann M, Savelsbergh MWP (2008) Challenges and opportunities in attended home delivery. In: Golden BL, Raghavan S, Wasil EA (eds) The vehicle routing problem: latest advances and new challenges. Operations Research\/Computer Science Interfaces 43. Springer, Boston"},{"key":"607_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.1100.0346","volume":"45","author":"N Agatz","year":"2011","unstructured":"Agatz N, Campbell AM, Fleischmann M, Savelsbergh MWP (2011) Time slot management in attended home delivery. Transp Sci 45:435\u2013449","journal-title":"Transp Sci"},{"key":"607_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tre.2018.04.007","volume":"119","author":"H Akeb","year":"2018","unstructured":"Akeb H, Moncef B, Durand B (2018) Building a collaborative solution in dense urban city settings to enhance parcel delivery: an effective crowd model in Paris. Transp Res Part E 119:223\u2013233","journal-title":"Transp Res Part E"},{"key":"607_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2006.09.099","volume":"189","author":"J Albiach","year":"2008","unstructured":"Albiach J, Sanchis JM, Soler D (2008) An asymmetric TSP with time windows and with time-dependent travel times and costs: an exact solution through a graph transformation. Eur J Oper Res 189:789\u2013802","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tre.2019.06.002","volume":"128","author":"M Allahviranloo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Allahviranloo M, Baghestani A (2019) A dynamic crowdshipping model and daily travel behavior. Transp Res Part E 128:175\u2013190","journal-title":"Transp Res Part E"},{"key":"607_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1177\/0361198118794535","volume":"2672","author":"J Allen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Allen J, Bektaks T, Cherrett TJ, Bates O, Friday A, McLeod FN, Piecyk M, Piotrowska M, Nguyen T, Wise S (2018a) The scope for pavement porters: addressing the challenges of last-mile parcel delivery in London. Transp Res Rec 2672:184\u2013193","journal-title":"Transp Res Rec"},{"key":"607_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trd.2017.07.020","volume":"61","author":"J Allen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Allen J, Piecyk M, Piotrowska M, McLeod FN, Cherrett TJ, Ghali K, Nguyen T, Bektaxks T, Bates O, Friday A, Wise S (2018b) Understanding the impact of e-commerce on last-mile light goods vehicle activity in urban areas: the case of London. Transp Res Part D 61:325\u2013338","journal-title":"Transp Res Part D"},{"key":"607_CR9","unstructured":"Amazon (2013) Online-H\u00e4ndler: Amazon will Mini-Drohnen einsetzen (digital image). Spiegel website, Amazon will Mini-Drohnen einsetzen. https:\/\/www.spiegel.de\/wirtschaft\/unternehmen\/amazon-jeff-bezos-will-mini-drohnen-einsetzen-a-936678.html. Accessed March 2020"},{"key":"607_CR10","unstructured":"Amazon (2020) Amazon prime air. Amazon website, https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Amazon-Prime-Air\/b?ie=UTF8&node=8037720011. Accessed March 2020"},{"key":"607_CR11","unstructured":"Amazon logistics (2019) Own your success. Amazon logistics website, https:\/\/logistics.amazon.com\/. Accessed July 2019"},{"key":"607_CR12","unstructured":"Amazon (2020) Key by Amazon Smart Lock Kit. Amazon website, https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/-\/de\/gp\/help\/customer\/display.html\/ref=hp_bc_nav?ie=UTF8&nodeId=202103620. Accessed March 2020"},{"key":"607_CR13","unstructured":"Amazon Flex (2020) Amazon Flex website, https:\/\/www.amazon-flex.de\/en\/. Accessed Aug 2020"},{"key":"607_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1007\/s10100-016-0441-z","volume":"25","author":"A Anderluh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Anderluh A, Hemmelmayr VC, Nolz PC (2017) Synchronizing vans and cargo bikes in a city distribution network. Central Eur J Oper Res 25:345\u2013376","journal-title":"Central Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2016.03.049","volume":"254","author":"C Archetti","year":"2016","unstructured":"Archetti C, Savelsbergh MWP, Speranza MG (2016) The vehicle routing problem with occasional drivers. Eur J Oper Res 254:472\u2013480","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dam.2018.09.017","volume":"261","author":"A Arigliano","year":"2019","unstructured":"Arigliano A, Ghiani G, Grieco A, Guerriero E, Plana I (2019) Time-dependent asymmetric traveling salesman problem with time windows: properties and an exact algorithm. Discrete Appl Math 261:28\u201339","journal-title":"Discrete Appl Math"},{"key":"607_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1007\/s12544-017-0272-6","volume":"10","author":"F Arnold","year":"2018","unstructured":"Arnold F, Cardenas I, S\u00f6rensen K, Dewulf W (2018) Simulation of B2C e-commerce distribution in Antwerp using cargo bikes and delivery points. Eur Transp Res Rev 10:2","journal-title":"Eur Transp Res Rev"},{"key":"607_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arslan AM, Agatz N, Kroon L, Zuidwijk R (2019) Crowdsourced Delivery: a dynamic pickup and delivery problem with ad-hoc drivers. Transp Sci 53","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.2017.0803"},{"key":"607_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0037(200009)36:2<69::AID-NET1>3.0.CO;2-Q","volume":"36","author":"N Ascheuer","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ascheuer N, Fischetti M, Gr\u00f6tschel M (2000) A polyhedral study of the asymmetric traveling salesman problem with time windows. Networks 36:69\u201379","journal-title":"Networks"},{"key":"607_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00011432","volume":"90","author":"N Ascheuer","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ascheuer N, Fischetti M, Gr\u00f6tschel M (2001) Solving the asymmetric travelling salesman problem with time windows by branch-and-cut. Math Program 90:475\u2013506","journal-title":"Math Program"},{"key":"607_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1007\/s10479-011-0991-3","volume":"199","author":"N Azi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Azi N, Gendreau M, Potvin J-Y (2012) A dynamic vehicle routing problem with multiple delivery routes. Ann Oper Res 199:103\u2013112","journal-title":"Ann Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bakach I, Campbell AM, Ehmke JF, (2020) A two-tier urban delivery network with robot-based deliveries. Working Paper Series Otto-von-Guericke-Universit\u00e4t Magdeburg","DOI":"10.1002\/net.22024"},{"key":"607_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1287\/ijoc.1110.0456","volume":"24","author":"R Baldacci","year":"2012","unstructured":"Baldacci R, Mingozzi A, Roberti R (2012) New state-space relaxations for solving the traveling salesman problem with time windows. INFORMS J Comput 24:356\u2013371","journal-title":"INFORMS J Comput"},{"key":"607_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.2019.0928","volume":"54","author":"G Baloch","year":"2020","unstructured":"Baloch G, Gzara F (2020) Strategic network design for parcel delivery with drones under competition. Transp Sci 54:204\u2013228","journal-title":"Transp Sci"},{"key":"607_CR25","unstructured":"BBC (2015) Alibaba begins drone delivery trials in China. BBC website. https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/technology-31129804. Accessed March 2020"},{"key":"607_CR26","unstructured":"Beckman BC, Bjone N, with Amazon Technologies Inc, (2017) Ground-based mobile maintenance facilities for unmanned aerial vehicles. United States Patent 9(718):564"},{"key":"607_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2018.02.017","volume":"111","author":"M Behrend","year":"2018","unstructured":"Behrend M, Meisel F (2018) The integration of item-sharing and crowdshipping: Can collaborative consumption be pushed by delivering through the crowd? Transp Res Part B 111:227\u2013243","journal-title":"Transp Res Part B"},{"key":"607_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2019.05.026","volume":"279","author":"M Behrend","year":"2019","unstructured":"Behrend M, Meisel F, Fagerholt K, Andersson H (2019) An exact solution method for the capacitated item-sharing and crowdshipping problem. Eur J Oper Res 279:589\u2013604","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR29","unstructured":"Berg PW, Isaacs S, Blodgett KL, with Amazon Technologies Inc, (2016) Airborne fulfillment center utilizing unmanned aerial vehicles for item delivery. United States Patent 9(305):280"},{"key":"607_CR30","unstructured":"Bertram Ingo (2017) Hermes startet Test mit Starship-Robotern in London. Hermes website, Newsroom, https:\/\/newsroom.hermesworld.com\/hermes-startet-test-mit-starship-robotern-in-london-12325\/. Accessed Aug 2020"},{"key":"607_CR31","unstructured":"Beumer (2007) Mit dem Beumer-Hochleistungssorter kann Hermes im neuen H\u00fcckelhovener Distributionszentrum alle Volumenstr\u00f6me der Vertriebspartner und Privatkunden zusammenf\u00fchren und sortieren (digital image). MMLogistik website, Hermes-Verteilzentrum H\u00fcckelhoven verf\u00fcgt \u00fcber modernste Sortiertechnik, https:\/\/www.mm-logistik.vogel.de\/hermes-verteilzentrum-hueckelhoven-verfuegt-ueber-modernste-sortiertechnik-a-194506\/. Accessed March 2020"},{"key":"607_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1002\/net.21864","volume":"72","author":"P Bouman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bouman P, Agatz N, Schmidt M (2018) Dynamic programming approaches for the traveling salesman problem with drone. Networks 72:528\u2013542","journal-title":"Networks"},{"key":"607_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jom.2005.01.003","volume":"23","author":"KK Boyer","year":"2005","unstructured":"Boyer KK, Hult GTM (2005) Extending the supply chain: integrating operations and marketing in the online grocery industry. J Oper Manag 23:642\u2013661","journal-title":"J Oper Manag"},{"key":"607_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2158-1592.2009.tb00104.x","volume":"30","author":"KK Boyer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Boyer KK, Prud\u2019homme AM, Chung W (2009) The last mile challenge: evaluating the effects of customer density and delivery window patterns. J Bus Logist 30:185\u2013201","journal-title":"J Bus Logist"},{"key":"607_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2018.08.014","volume":"276","author":"N Boysen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Boysen N, Briskorn D, Fedtke S, Schmickerath M (2019a) Automated sortation conveyors: a survey from an operational research perspective. Eur J Oper Res 276:796\u2013815","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1002\/net.21847","volume":"72","author":"N Boysen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Boysen N, Briskorn D, Fedtke S, Schwerdfeger S (2018a) Drone delivery from trucks: drone scheduling for given truck routes. Networks 72:506\u2013527","journal-title":"Networks"},{"key":"607_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2019.04.032","volume":"278","author":"N Boysen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Boysen N, Briskorn D, Schwerdfeger S (2019b) Matching supply and demand in a sharing economy: classification, computational complexity, and application. Eur J Oper Res 278:578\u2013595","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1007\/s00291-012-0311-6","volume":"35","author":"N Boysen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Boysen N, Briskorn D, Tsch\u00f6ke M (2013) Truck scheduling in cross-docking terminals with fixed outbound departures. OR Spectr 35:479\u2013504","journal-title":"OR Spectr"},{"key":"607_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2018.08.023","volume":"277","author":"N Boysen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Boysen N, de Koster MBM, Weidinger F (2019c) Warehousing in the e-commerce era: a survey. Eur J Oper Res 277:396\u2013411","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2018.05.058","volume":"271","author":"N Boysen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Boysen N, Schwerdfeger S, Weidinger F (2018b) Scheduling last-mile deliveries with truck-based autonomous robots. Eur J Oper Res 271:1085\u20131099","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/s12159-013-0101-9","volume":"6","author":"W-R Bretzke","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bretzke W-R (2013) Global urbanization: a major challenge for logistics. Logist Res 6:57\u201362","journal-title":"Logist Res"},{"key":"607_CR42","unstructured":"British Columbia (2019) Apply for Electric Vehicles in HOV Lanes on B.C. Highways. British Columbia website, https:\/\/www2.gov.bc.ca\/gov\/content\/transportation\/driving-and-cycling\/traveller-information\/routes-and-driving-conditions\/hov-lanes\/electric. Accessed March 2020"},{"key":"607_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbspro.2012.03.088","volume":"39","author":"M Browne","year":"2012","unstructured":"Browne M, Allen J, Nemoto T, Patier D, Visser J (2012) Reducing social and environmental impacts of urban freight transport: a review of some major cities. Procedia-Soc Behav Sci 39:19\u201333","journal-title":"Procedia-Soc Behav Sci"},{"key":"607_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2018.08.210","volume":"202","author":"H Buldeo Rai","year":"2018","unstructured":"Buldeo Rai H, Verlinde S, Macharis C (2018) Shipping outside the box: environmental impact and stakeholder analysis of a crowd logistics platform in Belgium. J Clean Prod 202:806\u2013816","journal-title":"J Clean Prod"},{"key":"607_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/s12544-017-0256-6","volume":"9","author":"H Buldeo Rai","year":"2017","unstructured":"Buldeo Rai H, Verlinde S, Merckx J, Macharis C (2017) Crowd logistics: An opportunity for more sustainable urban freight transport? Eur Transp Res Rev 9:39","journal-title":"Eur Transp Res Rev"},{"key":"607_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1287\/msom.2017.0618","volume":"19","author":"GP Cachon","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cachon GP, Daniels KM, Lobel R (2017) The role of surge pricing on a service platform with self-scheduling capacity. Manuf Serv Oper Manag 19:337\u2013507","journal-title":"Manuf Serv Oper Manag"},{"key":"607_CR47","unstructured":"Cainiao (2018) Global. Cainiao website, https:\/\/global.cainiao.com\/. Accessed March 2020"},{"key":"607_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.1040.0105","volume":"39","author":"AM Campbell","year":"2005","unstructured":"Campbell AM, Savelsbergh MWP (2005) Decision support for consumer direct grocery initiatives. Transp Sci 39:313\u2013327","journal-title":"Transp Sci"},{"key":"607_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.1050.0136","volume":"40","author":"AM Campbell","year":"2006","unstructured":"Campbell AM, Savelsbergh MWP (2006) Incentive schemes for attended home delivery services. Transp Sci 40:327\u2013341","journal-title":"Transp Sci"},{"key":"607_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1111\/jbl.12164","volume":"38","author":"V Carbone","year":"2017","unstructured":"Carbone V, Rouquet A, Roussat C (2017) The rise of crowd logistics: a new way to co-create logistics. J Bus Logist 38:238\u2013252","journal-title":"J Bus Logist"},{"key":"607_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1287\/ijoc.1110.0479","volume":"24","author":"JG Carlsson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Carlsson JG (2012) Dividing a territory among several vehicles. INFORMS J Comput 24:565\u2013577","journal-title":"INFORMS J Comput"},{"key":"607_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.2013.1160","volume":"61","author":"JG Carlsson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Carlsson JG, Delage E (2013) Robust partitioning for stochastic multivehicle routing. Oper Res 61:727\u2013744","journal-title":"Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4052","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.2017.2824","volume":"64","author":"JG Carlsson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Carlsson JG, Song S (2018) Coordinated logistics with a truck and a drone. Manag Sci 64:4052\u20134069","journal-title":"Manag Sci"},{"key":"607_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.03.032","volume":"104","author":"YS Chang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chang YS, Lee HJ (2018) Optimal delivery routing with wider drone-delivery areas along a shorter truck-route. Exp Syst Appl 104:307\u2013317","journal-title":"Exp Syst Appl"},{"key":"607_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2018.12.001","volume":"99","author":"D Chauhan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chauhan D, Unnikrishnan A, Figliozzi M (2019) Maximum coverage capacitated facility location problem with range constrained drones. Transp Res Part C 99:1\u201318","journal-title":"Transp Res Part C"},{"key":"607_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1007\/s10696-016-9273-3","volume":"30","author":"W Chen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chen W, Mes MRK, Schutten JMJ (2018) Multi-hop driver-parcel matching problem with time windows. Flex Serv Manuf J 30:517\u2013553","journal-title":"Flex Serv Manuf J"},{"key":"607_CR57","series-title":"Studies in computational intelligence","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-30337-6_6","volume-title":"Service orientation in holonic and multi-agent manufacturing","author":"C Chen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chen C, Pan S (2016) Using the crowd of taxis to last mile delivery in e-commerce: a methodological research. In: Borangiu T, Trentesaux D, Thomas A, McFarlane D (eds) Service orientation in holonic and multi-agent manufacturing, vol 640. Studies in computational intelligence. Springer, Cham"},{"key":"607_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1833","DOI":"10.1080\/00207543.2016.1173258","volume":"55","author":"C Chen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chen C, Pan S, Wang Z, Zhong RY (2017a) Using taxis to collect citywide e-commerce reverse flows: a crowdsourcing solution. Int J Prod Res 55:1833\u20131844","journal-title":"Int J Prod Res"},{"key":"607_CR59","first-page":"1478","volume":"18","author":"C Chen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chen C, Zhang D, Ma X, Guo B, Wang L, Wang Y, Sha E (2017b) Crowddeliver: planning city-wide package delivery paths leveraging the crowd of taxis. IEEE Trans Intell Transp Syst 18:1478\u20131496","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Intell Transp Syst"},{"key":"607_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2019.03.117","volume":"242","author":"WC Chiang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chiang WC, Li Y, Shang J, Urban TL (2019) Impact of drone delivery on sustainability and cost: realizing the UAV potential through vehicle routing optimization. Appl Energy 242:1164\u20131175","journal-title":"Appl Energy"},{"key":"607_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.3141\/2547-14","volume":"2547","author":"C Choubassi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Choubassi C, Seedah DPK, Jiang N, Walton CM (2016) Economic analysis of cargo cycles for urban mail delivery. Transp Res Rec 2547:102\u2013110","journal-title":"Transp Res Rec"},{"key":"607_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2017.04.011","volume":"88","author":"BN Coelho","year":"2017","unstructured":"Coelho BN, Coelho VN, Coelho IM, Ochi LS, Haghnazar KR, Zuidema D, Lima MSF, da Costa AR (2017) A multi-objective green UAV routing problem. Comput Oper Res 88:306\u2013315","journal-title":"Comput Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.1120.0449","volume":"48","author":"J-F Cordeau","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cordeau J-F, Ghiani G, Guerriero E (2014) Analysis and branch-and-cut algorithm for the time-dependent travelling salesman problem. Transp Sci 48:46\u201358","journal-title":"Transp Sci"},{"key":"607_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2018.04.037","volume":"120","author":"WP Coutinho","year":"2018","unstructured":"Coutinho WP, Battarra M, Fliege J (2018) The unmanned aerial vehicle routing and trajectory optimisation problem, a taxonomic review. Comput Ind Eng 120:116\u2013128","journal-title":"Comput Ind Eng"},{"key":"607_CR65","unstructured":"CST (2020) Cargo sous terrain (digital image). CST website, Bundesrat unterst\u00fctzt Cargo sous terrain mit Spezialgesetz, https:\/\/www.cst.ch\/bundesrat-unterstuetzt-cargo-sous-terrain-mit-spezialgesetz\/. Accessed March 2020"},{"key":"607_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2014.06.008","volume":"55","author":"R Cuda","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cuda R, Guastaroba G, Speranza MG (2015) A survey on two-echelon routing problems. Comput Oper Res 55:185\u2013199","journal-title":"Comput Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1080\/16258312.2017.1375375","volume":"18","author":"L Dablanc","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dablanc L, Morganti E, Arvidsson N, Woxenius J, Browne M, Saidi N (2017) The rise of on-demand \u2018instant deliveries\u2019 in European cities. Supply Chain Forum Int J 18:203\u2013217","journal-title":"Supply Chain Forum Int J"},{"key":"607_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dahle L, Anderson H, Christiansen, M, Speranza MC. The pickup and delivery problem with time windows and occasional drivers. Comput Oper Res 109:122\u2013133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2019.04.023"},{"key":"607_CR69","unstructured":"Daimler (2016a) Mercedes-Benz Vans adVANce (digital image). Daimler website, Mercedes-Benz Vans invests in Starship Technologies, the world\u2019s leading manufacturer of delivery robots, https:\/\/media.daimler.com\/marsMediaSite\/ko\/en\/15274799. Accessed March 2020"},{"key":"607_CR70","unstructured":"Daimler (2016b) Mercedes-Benz Vision Van - Exterior, Roof (digital image). Daimler website, Global media site, https:\/\/media.daimler.com\/marsMediaSite\/de\/instance\/picture\/Mercedes-Benz-Vision-Van.xhtml?oid=13546495. Accessed March 2020"},{"key":"607_CR71","unstructured":"Danard J (2020) On Tram Fret website: Maquette d\u00e9monstrative TramFret pour l\u2019exposition Paris de l\u2019Avenir (digital image). Tram fret website, Hytchers, Galerie, http:\/\/tramfret.com\/. Accessed March 2020"},{"key":"607_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.2019.0944","volume":"54","author":"I Dayarian","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dayarian I, Savelsbergh MWP, Clarke JP (2020) Same-day delivery with drone resupply. Transp Sci 54:229\u2013249","journal-title":"Transp Sci"},{"key":"607_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dell\u2019Amico M, Montemanni R, Novellani S (2019) Drone-assisted deliveries: new formulations for the flying sidekick traveling salesman problem. Optimization Letters (to appear)","DOI":"10.1007\/s11590-019-01492-z"},{"key":"607_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1007\/s10479-020-03562-3","volume":"289","author":"M Dell\u2019Amico","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dell\u2019Amico M, Montemanni R, Novellani S (2020) Matheuristic algorithms for the parallel drone scheduling traveling salesman problem. Ann Oper Res 289:211\u2013226","journal-title":"Ann Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2013.12.033","volume":"237","author":"E Demir","year":"2014","unstructured":"Demir E, Bektaxks T, Laporte G (2014) A review of recent research on green road freight transportation. Eur J Oper Res 237:775\u2013793","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.retrec.2017.09.003","volume":"65","author":"LK De Oliveira","year":"2017","unstructured":"De Oliveira LK, Morganti E, Dablanc L, De Oliveira RLM (2017) Analysis of the potential demand of automated delivery stations for e-commerce deliveries in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Res Transp Econ 65:34\u201343","journal-title":"Res Transp Econ"},{"key":"607_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1080\/00207543.2017.1395490","volume":"56","author":"Y Deutsch","year":"2018","unstructured":"Deutsch Y, Golany B (2018) A parcel locker network as a solution to the logistics last mile problem. Int J Prod Res 56:251\u2013261","journal-title":"Int J Prod Res"},{"key":"607_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tre.2017.06.011","volume":"105","author":"A Devari","year":"2017","unstructured":"Devari A, Nikolaev AG, He Q (2017) Crowdsourcing the last mile delivery of online orders by exploiting the social networks of retail store customers. Transp Res Part E 105:105\u2013122","journal-title":"Transp Res Part E"},{"key":"607_CR79","unstructured":"DHL (2014) DHL parcelcopter launches initial operations for research purposes. DHL website, http:\/\/www.dhl.com\/en\/press\/releases\/releases_2014\/group\/dhl_parcelcopter_launches_initial_operations_for_research_purposes.html. Accessed March 2020"},{"key":"607_CR80","unstructured":"DHL (2017) DHL now delivering to trunks of VW cars. DHL website, https:\/\/www.dpdhl.com\/en\/media-relations\/press-releases\/2017\/dhl-now-delivering-to-trunks-of-vw-cars.html. Accessed August 2020"},{"key":"607_CR81","unstructured":"DHL (2019) Preise und Produkte f\u00fcr Ihren Versand deutschlandweit. DHL website, https:\/\/www.dhl.de\/de\/privatkunden\/preise\/preise-national.html. Accessed March 2020"},{"key":"607_CR82","unstructured":"DHL Paket (2015) On neuhandeln website: DHL liefert nun erstmals Amazon-Bestellungen in Autos ab (digital image). Neuhandeln website, Pilotprojekt: Amazon und DHL liefern Pakete in den PKW, https:\/\/neuhandeln.de\/pilotprojekt-amazon-und-dhl-liefern-pakete-in-den-pkw\/. Accessed March 2020"},{"key":"607_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2016.03.006","volume":"253","author":"C Doppstadt","year":"2016","unstructured":"Doppstadt C, Koberstein A, Vigo D (2016) The hybrid electric vehicle-traveling salesman problem. Eur J Oper Res 253:825\u2013842","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.2016.2582745","volume":"47","author":"K Dorling","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dorling K, Heinrichs J, Messier GG, Magierowski S (2017) Vehicle routing problems for drone delivery. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern Syst 47:70\u201385","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern Syst"},{"key":"607_CR85","unstructured":"Dormehl L (2020) Amazon\u2019s Scout delivery bots are rolling out in two new cities. Digitaltrends website, News, https:\/\/www.digitaltrends.com\/news\/amazon-scout-franklin-atlanta\/. Accessed August 2020"},{"key":"607_CR86","unstructured":"DPD (2019) DPD cargo bike (digital image). DPD website, Parcel deliveries free from local emissions: DPD Germany now using cargo bikes in Leipzig, https:\/\/www.dpd.com\/group\/en\/2019\/08\/22\/parcel-deliveries-free-from-local-emissions-dpd-germany-now-using-cargo-bikes-in-leipzig\/. Accessed March 2020"},{"key":"607_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2014.08.030","volume":"241","author":"M Drexl","year":"2015","unstructured":"Drexl M, Schneider M (2015) A survey of variants and extensions of the location-routing problem. Eur J Oper Res 241:283\u2013308","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2013.08.028","volume":"233","author":"JF Ehmke","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ehmke JF, Campbell AM (2014) Customer acceptance mechanisms for home deliveries in metropolitan areas. Eur J Oper Res 233:193\u2013207","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocs.2012.01.006","volume":"3","author":"JF Ehmke","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ehmke JF, Steinert A, Mattfeld DC (2012) Advanced routing for city logistics service providers based on time-dependent travel times. J Comput Sci 3:193\u2013205","journal-title":"J Comput Sci"},{"key":"607_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"El-Adle AM, Ghoniem A, Haouari M (2019) Parcel delivery by vehicle and drone. J Oper Res Soc (to appear)","DOI":"10.1080\/01605682.2019.1671156"},{"key":"607_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Erdeli\u0107 T, Cari\u0107 T (2019) A survey on the electric vehicle routing problem: variants and solution approaches. J Adv Transp","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/5075671"},{"key":"607_CR92","first-page":"468","volume":"116","author":"A Ermagun","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ermagun A, Stathopoulos A (2018) To bid or not to bid: an empirical study of the supply determinants of crowd-shipping. Transp Res Part A 116:468\u2013483","journal-title":"Transp Res Part A"},{"key":"607_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5932","DOI":"10.3390\/su11215932","volume":"11","author":"J Eun","year":"2019","unstructured":"Eun J, Song BD, Lee S, Lim DE (2019) Mathematical investigation on the sustainability of UAV logistics. Sustainability 11:5932","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"607_CR94","unstructured":"FAA (2018) Fact sheet\u2014Small unmanned aircraft regulations (Part 107). FAA website, https:\/\/www.faa.gov\/news\/fact_sheets\/news_story.cfm?newsId=22615. Accessed March 2020"},{"key":"607_CR95","unstructured":"Faug\u00e8re L, Montreuil B (2017) Hyperconnected pickup & delivery locker networks. In: 4th international physical internet conference, Graz"},{"key":"607_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105544","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2018.11.054","volume":"139","author":"L Faug\u00e8re","year":"2020","unstructured":"Faug\u00e8re L, Montreuil B (2020) Smart locker bank design optimization for urban omnichannel logistics: assessing monolithic vs. modular configurations. Comput Ind Eng 139:105544","journal-title":"Comput Ind Eng"},{"key":"607_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.2014.0540","volume":"51","author":"S Fedtke","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fedtke S, Boysen N (2017) Layout planning of sortation conveyors in parcel distribution centers. Transp Sci 51:3\u201318","journal-title":"Transp Sci"},{"key":"607_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Felch V, Karl D, Asdecker B, Niedermaier A, Sucky E (2019) Reconfiguration of the last mile: consumer acceptance of alternative delivery concepts. In: Bierwirth et al (eds) Logistics management, Springer, Berlin, pp 157\u2013171","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-29821-0_11"},{"key":"607_CR99","first-page":"22","volume":"3","author":"A Fernandes","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fernandes A, Tulsyan A, Nisar A, Rawat A, Kumar A (2017) Use of operations research in courier delivery services. Int J New Technol Res 3:22\u201326","journal-title":"Int J New Technol Res"},{"key":"607_CR100","first-page":"374","volume":"9","author":"SM Ferrandez","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ferrandez SM, Harbison T, Weber T, Sturges R, Rich R (2016) Optimization of a truck-drone in tandem delivery network using k-means and genetic algorithm. J Ind Eng Manag 9:374\u2013388","journal-title":"J Ind Eng Manag"},{"key":"607_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1080\/13675567.2017.1395830","volume":"21","author":"C Fikar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fikar C, Hirsch P, Gronalt M (2018) A decision support system to investigate dynamic last-mile distribution facilitating cargo-bikes. Int J Logist Res Appl 21:300\u2013317","journal-title":"Int J Logist Res Appl"},{"key":"607_CR102","unstructured":"Flytrex (2020) Flytrex website, https:\/\/flytrex.com\/united-states\/grand-forks\/. Accessed Aug 2020"},{"key":"607_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.endm.2018.03.013","volume":"66","author":"JC Freitas","year":"2018","unstructured":"Freitas JC, Penna PH (2018) A randomized variable neighborhood descent heuristic to solve the flying sidekick traveling salesman problem. Electron Notes Discrete Math 66:95\u2013102","journal-title":"Electron Notes Discrete Math"},{"key":"607_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1111\/itor.12671","volume":"27","author":"JC Freitas","year":"2020","unstructured":"Freitas JC, Penna PH (2020) A variable neighborhood search for flying sidekick traveling salesman problem. Int Trans Oper Res 27:267\u2013290","journal-title":"Int Trans Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1287\/ijoc.2017.0800","volume":"30","author":"C Gambella","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gambella C, Naoum-Sawaya J, Ghaddar B (2018) The vehicle routing problem with floating targets: formulation and solution approaches. INFORMS J Comput 30:554\u2013569","journal-title":"INFORMS J Comput"},{"key":"607_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.3390\/su11010145","volume":"11","author":"V Gatta","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gatta V, Marcucci E, Nigro M, Patella SM, Serafini S (2019a) Public transport-based crowdshipping for sustainable city logistics: assessing economic and environmental impacts. Sustainability 11:145","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"607_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/s12544-019-0352-x","volume":"11","author":"V Gatta","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gatta V, Marcucci E, Nigro M, Serafini S (2019b) Sustainable urban freight transport adopting public transport-based crowdshipping for B2C deliveries. Eur Transp Res Rev 11:13","journal-title":"Eur Transp Res Rev"},{"key":"607_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1108\/IJPDLM-09-2017-0275","volume":"49","author":"T Gawor","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gawor T, Hoberg K (2018) Customers\u2019 valuation of time and convenience in e-fulfillment. Int J Phys Distrib Logist Manag 49:75\u201398","journal-title":"Int J Phys Distrib Logist Manag"},{"key":"607_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2015.06.001","volume":"64","author":"M Gendreau","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gendreau M, Ghiani G, Guerriero E (2015) Time-dependent routing problems: a review. Comput Oper Res 64:189\u2013197","journal-title":"Comput Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/0377-2217(95)00175-1","volume":"93","author":"JC Gerdessen","year":"1996","unstructured":"Gerdessen JC (1996) Vehicle routing problem with trailers. Eur J Oper Res 93:135\u2013147","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR111","series-title":"City distribution and urban freight transport, multiple perspectives","first-page":"56","volume-title":"Characteristics and typology of last-mile logistics from an innovation perspective in an urban context","author":"R Gevaers","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gevaers R, Van de Voorde E, Vanelslander T (2011) Characteristics and typology of last-mile logistics from an innovation perspective in an urban context. City distribution and urban freight transport, multiple perspectives. Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham, pp 56\u201371"},{"key":"607_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbspro.2014.01.1483","volume":"125","author":"R Gevaers","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gevaers R, Van de Voorde E, Vanelslander T (2014) Cost modelling and simulation of last-mile characteristics in an innovative B2C supply chain environment with implications on urban areas and cities. Procedia Soc Behav Sci 125:398\u2013411","journal-title":"Procedia Soc Behav Sci"},{"key":"607_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.2017.0798","volume":"52","author":"V Ghilas","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ghilas V, Cordeau J-F, Demir E, Van Woensel T (2019) Branch-and-price for the pickup and delivery problem with time windows and scheduled lines. Transp Sci 52:1191\u20131210","journal-title":"Transp Sci"},{"key":"607_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2016.01.018","volume":"72","author":"V Ghilas","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ghilas V, Demir E, Van Woensel T (2016a) An adaptive large neighborhood search heuristic for the pickup and delivery problem with time windows and scheduled lines. Comput Oper Res 72:12\u201330","journal-title":"Comput Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2016.04.015","volume":"91","author":"V Ghilas","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ghilas V, Demir E, Van Woensel T (2016b) A scenario-based planning for the pickup and delivery problem with time windows, scheduled lines and stochastic demands. Transp Res Part B 91:34\u201351","journal-title":"Transp Res Part B"},{"key":"607_CR116","first-page":"147","volume":"54","author":"V Ghilas","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ghilas V, Demir E, Van Woensel T (2016c) The pickup and delivery problem with time windows and scheduled lines. Inf Syst Oper Res 54:147\u2013167","journal-title":"Inf Syst Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2017.11.015","volume":"86","author":"QM Ha","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ha QM, Deville Y, Pham QD, Ha MH (2018) On the min-cost traveling salesman problem with drone. Transp Res Part C 86:597\u2013621","journal-title":"Transp Res Part C"},{"key":"607_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1007\/s10732-019-09431-y","volume":"26","author":"QM Ha","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ha QM, Deville Y, Pham QD, Ha MH (2020) A hybrid genetic algorithm for the traveling salesman problem with drone. J Heurist 26:219\u2013247","journal-title":"J Heurist"},{"key":"607_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2018.03.025","volume":"91","author":"AM Ham","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ham AM (2018) Integrated scheduling of m-truck, m-drone, and m-depot constrained by time-window, drop-pickup, and m-visit using constraint programming. Transp Res Part C 91:1\u201314","journal-title":"Transp Res Part C"},{"key":"607_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2005.11.070","volume":"180","author":"D Haugland","year":"2007","unstructured":"Haugland D, Ho SC, Laporte G (2007) Designing delivery districts for the vehicle routing problem with stochastic demands. Eur J Oper Res 180:997\u20131010","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR121","unstructured":"Hermes (2016) Hermes parcel shop (digital image). Hermes website, Preise f\u00fcr den Versand, https:\/\/www.myhermes.at\/privatkunden\/produkte-preise\/preise-fuer-den-versand\/. Accessed March 2020"},{"key":"607_CR122","unstructured":"Hermes (2020) Das neue Hermes Logistik-Center am Billbrookdeich in Hamburg (digital image). Hermes website, Newsroom, https:\/\/newsroom.hermesworld.com\/?s=&fwp_posttype=pressematerial&fwp_pressematerial_type=foto&fwp_press_tags=standorte&fwp_paged=4. Accessed March 2020"},{"key":"607_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2016.01.038","volume":"252","author":"G Hiermann","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hiermann G, Puchinger J, Ropke S, Hartl RF (2016) The electric fleet size and mix vehicle routing problem with time windows and recharging stations. Eur J Oper Res 252:995\u20131018","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR124","unstructured":"HistSystem Co (2019) On Korea Bizwire website: An unmanned luggage storage at a Seoul subway station (digital image). The Korea Bizwire website, Seoul metro to begin parcel delivery service, http:\/\/koreabizwire.com\/seoul-metro-to-begin-parcel-delivery-service\/148909. Accessed March 2020"},{"key":"607_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1504\/IJISM.2012.052773","volume":"7","author":"S Hochrein","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hochrein S, Glock CH (2012) Systematic literature reviews in purchasing and supply management research: a tertiary study. Int J Integr Supp Manag 7:215\u2013245","journal-title":"Int J Integr Supp Manag"},{"key":"607_CR126","first-page":"802","volume":"45","author":"J Holgu\u00edn-Veras","year":"2011","unstructured":"Holgu\u00edn-Veras J (2011) Urban delivery industry response to cordon pricing, time-distance pricing, and carrier-receiver policies in competitive markets. Transp Res Part A 45:802\u2013824","journal-title":"Transp Res Part A"},{"key":"607_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2018.02.017","volume":"90","author":"I Hong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hong I, Kuby M, Murray AT (2018) A range-restricted recharging station coverage model for drone delivery service planning. Transp Res Part C 90:198\u2013212","journal-title":"Transp Res Part C"},{"key":"607_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2018.12.010","volume":"103","author":"J Hong","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hong J, Lee M, Cheong T, Lee HC (2019) Routing for a non-demand logistics service. Transp Res Part C 103:328\u2013351","journal-title":"Transp Res Part C"},{"key":"607_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2724","DOI":"10.3390\/su11102724","volume":"11","author":"W Hu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hu W, Dong J, Hwang BG, Ren R, Chen Z (2019) A scientometrics review on city logistics literature: research trends, advanced theory and practice. Sustainability 11:2724","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"607_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2019.06.059","volume":"135","author":"K Huang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Huang K, Ardiansyah MN (2019) A decision model for last-mile delivery planning with crowdsourcing integration. Comput Ind Eng 135:898\u2013912","journal-title":"Comput Ind Eng"},{"key":"607_CR131","unstructured":"Hytchers (2018) Crowdshipping app (digital image). Hytchers website, Hytchers, a Belgian startup who wants to reinvent parcel delivery, https:\/\/www.hytchers.com\/en\/hytchers-belgian-startup-want-reinvent-parcel-delivery\/. Accessed March 2020"},{"key":"607_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trpro.2016.02.018","volume":"12","author":"S Iwan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Iwan S, Kijewska K, Lemke J (2016) Analysis of parcel lockers\u2019 efficiency as the last mile delivery solution: the results of the research in Poland. Transp Res Procedia 12:644\u2013655","journal-title":"Transp Res Procedia"},{"key":"607_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1007\/s00291-013-0348-1","volume":"37","author":"O Jabali","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jabali O, Leus R, Van Woensel T, De Kok T (2015) Self-imposed time windows in vehicle routing problems. OR Spectr 37:331\u2013352","journal-title":"OR Spectr"},{"key":"607_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1177\/0361198119849398","volume":"2673","author":"D Jennings","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jennings D, Figliozzi M (2019) Study of sidewalk autonomous delivery robots and their potential impacts on freight efficiency and travel. Transp Res Rec 2673:317\u2013326","journal-title":"Transp Res Rec"},{"key":"607_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2019.01.010","volume":"214","author":"HY Jeong","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jeong HY, Song BD, Lee S (2019) Truck-drone hybrid delivery routing: payload-energy dependency and no-fly zones. Int J Prod Econ 214:220\u2013233","journal-title":"Int J Prod Econ"},{"key":"607_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jiang L, Dhiaf M, Dong J, Liang C, Zhao S (2019) A traveling salesman problem with time windows for the last mile delivery in online shopping. Int J Prod Res (to appear)","DOI":"10.1080\/00207543.2019.1656842"},{"key":"607_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2016.12.022","volume":"99","author":"N Kafle","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kafle N, Zou B, Lin J (2017) Design and modeling of a crowdsource-enabled system for urban parcel relay and delivery. Transp Res Part B 99:62\u201382","journal-title":"Transp Res Part B"},{"key":"607_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-13111-5_23","volume-title":"Location science","author":"J Kalcsics","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kalcsics J (2015) Districting problems. In: Laporte G, Nickel S, Saldanha da Gama F (eds) Location science. Springer, Cham, pp 595\u2013622"},{"key":"607_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02578982","volume":"13","author":"J Kalcsics","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kalcsics J, Nickel S, Schr\u00f6der M (2005) Towards a unified territorial design approach: applications, algorithms and GIS integration. Top 13:1\u201356","journal-title":"Top"},{"key":"607_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2019.03.021","volume":"102","author":"A Karak","year":"2019","unstructured":"Karak A, Abdelghany K (2019) The hybrid vehicle-drone routing problem for pick-up and delivery services. Transp Res Part C 102:427\u2013449","journal-title":"Transp Res Part C"},{"key":"607_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cstp.2017.10.009","volume":"5","author":"A Kedia","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kedia A, Kusumastuti D, Nicholson A (2017) Acceptability of collection and delivery points from consumers\u2019 perspective: a qualitative case study of Christchurch city. Case Stud Transp Policy 5:587\u2013595","journal-title":"Case Stud Transp Policy"},{"key":"607_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.3390\/drones3030066","volume":"3","author":"I Khoufi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Khoufi I, Laouiti A, Adjih C (2019) A survey of recent extended variants of the traveling salesman and vehicle routing problems for unmanned aerial vehicles. Drones 3:66","journal-title":"Drones"},{"key":"607_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.2018.2867496","volume":"49","author":"S Kim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kim S, Moon I (2018) Traveling salesman problem with a drone station. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern 49:42\u201352","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern"},{"key":"607_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kitjacharoenchai P, Min BC, Lee S (2020) Two echelon vehicle routing problem with drones in last mile delivery. Int J Prod Econ (to appear)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2019.107598"},{"key":"607_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2019.01.020","volume":"129","author":"P Kitjacharoenchai","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kitjacharoenchai P, Ventresca M, Moshref-Javadi M, Lee S, Tanchoco JMA, Brunese PA (2019) Multiple traveling salesman problem with drones: mathematical model and heuristic approach. Comput Ind Eng 129:14\u201330","journal-title":"Comput Ind Eng"},{"key":"607_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2018.05.032","volume":"271","author":"MA Klapp","year":"2018","unstructured":"Klapp MA, Erera AL, Toriello A (2018a) The dynamic dispatch waves problem for same-day delivery. Eur J Oper Res 271:519\u2013534","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.2016.0682","volume":"52","author":"MA Klapp","year":"2018","unstructured":"Klapp MA, Erera AL, Toriello A (2018b) The one-dimensional dynamic dispatch waves problem. Transp Sci 52:402\u2013415","journal-title":"Transp Sci"},{"key":"607_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2003.10.031","volume":"162","author":"A Klose","year":"2005","unstructured":"Klose A, Drexl A (2005) Facility location models for distribution system design. Eur J Oper Res 162:4\u201329","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2015.06.082","volume":"248","author":"C Koc\u0328","year":"2016","unstructured":"Koc\u0328 C, Bektas\u0328 T, Jabali O, Laporte G (2016a) The fleet size and mix location-routing problem with time windows: formulations and a heuristic algorithm. Eur J Oper Res 248:33\u201351","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2015.12.010","volume":"84","author":"C Koc\u0328","year":"2016","unstructured":"Koc\u0328 C, Bektas\u0328 T, Jabali O, Laporte G (2016b) The impact of depot location, fleet composition and routing on emissions in city logistics. Transp Res Part B 84:81\u2013102","journal-title":"Transp Res Part B"},{"key":"607_CR151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tre.2017.02.003","volume":"101","author":"L-C Kung","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kung L-C, Zhong G-Y (2017) The optimal pricing strategy for two-sided platform delivery in the sharing economy. Transp Res Part E 101:1\u201312","journal-title":"Transp Res Part E"},{"key":"607_CR152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtrangeo.2018.06.022","volume":"71","author":"U Lachapelle","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lachapelle U, Burke M, Brotherton A, Leung A (2018) Parcel locker systems in a car dominant city: location, characterisation and potential impacts on city planning and consumer travel access. J Transp Geogr 71:1\u201314","journal-title":"J Transp Geogr"},{"key":"607_CR153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/0377-2217(92)90138-Y","volume":"59","author":"G Laporte","year":"1992","unstructured":"Laporte G (1992) The traveling salesman problem: an overview of exact and approximate algorithms. Eur J Oper Res 59:231\u2013247","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2019.03.023","volume":"103","author":"TV Le","year":"2019","unstructured":"Le TV, Stathopoulos A, Van Woensel T, Ukkusuri SV (2019) Supply, demand, operations, and management of crowd-shipping services: a review and empirical evidence. Transp Res Part C 103:83\u2013103","journal-title":"Transp Res Part C"},{"key":"607_CR155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tbs.2019.02.001","volume":"15","author":"TV Le","year":"2019","unstructured":"Le TV, Ukkusuri SV (2019) Modeling the willingness to work as crowd-shippers and travel time tolerance in emerging logistics services. Travel Behav Soc 15:123\u2013132","journal-title":"Travel Behav Soc"},{"key":"607_CR156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1007\/s13676-012-0005-x","volume":"1","author":"H Lei","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lei H, Laporte G, Guo B (2012) Districting for routing with stochastic customers. EURO J Transp Logist 1:67\u201385","journal-title":"EURO J Transp Logist"},{"key":"607_CR157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2014.11.008","volume":"56","author":"H Lei","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lei H, Laporte G, Liu Y, Zhang T (2015) Dynamic design of sales territories. Comput Oper Res 56:84\u201392","journal-title":"Comput Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2015.09.007","volume":"67","author":"C Lei","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lei C, Lin WH, Miao L (2016) A two-stage robust optimization approach for the mobile facility fleet sizing and routing problem under uncertainty. Comput Oper Res 67:75\u201389","journal-title":"Comput Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2014.03.003","volume":"238","author":"B Li","year":"2014","unstructured":"Li B, Krushinsky D, Reijers HA, Van Woensel T (2014) The share-a-ride problem: people and parcels sharing taxis. Eur J Oper Res 238:31\u201340","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1108\/02635570610649844","volume":"106","author":"B Li","year":"2006","unstructured":"Li B, Riley MW, Lin B, Qi E (2006) A comparison study of customer satisfaction between the UPS and FedEx: an empirical study among university customers. Ind Manag Data Syst 106:182\u2013199","journal-title":"Ind Manag Data Syst"},{"key":"607_CR161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1108\/IJPDLM-02-2017-0081","volume":"48","author":"SFW Lim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lim SFW, Jin X, Srai JS (2018) Consumer-driven e-commerce: a literature review, design framework, and research agenda on last-mile logistics models. Int J Phys Distrib Logist Manag 48:308\u2013332","journal-title":"Int J Phys Distrib Logist Manag"},{"key":"607_CR162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2013.07.107","volume":"41","author":"C Lin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lin C, Choy KL, Ho GT, Chung SH, Lam HY (2014) Survey of green vehicle routing problem: past and future trends. Exp Syst Appl 41:1118\u20131138","journal-title":"Exp Syst Appl"},{"key":"607_CR163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtrangeo.2012.01.001","volume":"22","author":"M Lindholm","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lindholm M, Behrends S (2012) Challenges in urban freight transport planning: a review in the Baltic Sea Region. J Transp Geogr 22:129\u2013136","journal-title":"J Transp Geogr"},{"key":"607_CR164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2019.05.024","volume":"111","author":"Y Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu Y (2019) An optimization-driven dynamic vehicle routing algorithm for on-demand meal delivery using drones. Comput Oper Res 111:1\u201320","journal-title":"Comput Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu Y, Liu Z, Shi J, Wu G, Pedrycz W (2020) Two-echelon routing problem for parcel delivery by cooperated truck and drone. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern Syst (to appear)","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints201902.0183.v1"},{"key":"607_CR166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3871","DOI":"10.3390\/su11143871","volume":"11","author":"M Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu M, Liu X, Zhu M, Zheng F (2019) Stochastic drone fleet deployment and planning problem considering multiple-type delivery service. Sustainability 11:3871","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"607_CR167","unstructured":"LivingPackets (2018) On Internet of business website: Crowdshipper (digital image). Internet of Business website, LivingPackets uses IoT, crowdshipping to transform deliveries, https:\/\/internetofbusiness.com\/livingpackets-iot-international-deliveries\/. Accessed March 2020"},{"key":"607_CR168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trpro.2018.09.019","volume":"30","author":"A Lombard","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lombard A, Tamayo-Giraldo S, Fontane F (2018) Vehicle routing problem with roaming delivery locations and stochastic travel times (VRPRDL-S). Transp Res Procedia 30:167\u2013177","journal-title":"Transp Res Procedia"},{"key":"607_CR169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.3390\/s17051144","volume":"17","author":"Z Luo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Luo Z, Liu Z, Shi J (2017) A two-echelon cooperated routing problem for a ground vehicle and its carried unmanned aerial vehicle. Sensors 17:1144","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"607_CR170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4337\/9780857932754","volume-title":"City distribution and urban freight transport: multiple perspectives","author":"C Macharis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Macharis C, Melo S (2011) City distribution and urban freight transport: multiple perspectives. Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham"},{"key":"607_CR172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1108\/IJPDLM-02-2019-0048","volume":"49","author":"R Mangiaracina","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mangiaracina R, Tumino A (2019) Innovative solutions to increase last-mile delivery efficiency in B2C ecommerce: a literature review. Int J Phys Distrib Logist Manag 49:901\u2013920","journal-title":"Int J Phys Distrib Logist Manag"},{"key":"607_CR171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-its.2017.0227","volume":"12","author":"M Marinelli","year":"2017","unstructured":"Marinelli M, Caggiani L, Ottomanelli M, Dell\u2019Orco M (2017) En route truck-drone parcel delivery for optimal vehicle routing strategies. IET Intell Transp Syst 12:253\u2013261","journal-title":"IET Intell Transp Syst"},{"key":"607_CR173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s13676-015-0085-5","volume":"6","author":"M Masson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Masson M, Trentini A, Lehu\u00e9d\u00e9 F, Malh\u00e9n\u00e9 N, P\u00e9ton O, Tlahig H (2017) Optimization of a city logistics transportation system with mixed passengers and goods. EURO J Transp Logist 6:81\u2013109","journal-title":"EURO J Transp Logist"},{"key":"607_CR174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.3141\/2610-08","volume":"2610","author":"J Miller","year":"2017","unstructured":"Miller J, Nie YM, Stathopoulos A (2017) Crowdsourced urban package delivery: modeling traveler willingness to work as crowdshippers. Transp Res Rec 2610:67\u201375","journal-title":"Transp Res Rec"},{"key":"607_CR175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mirhedayatian SM, Crainic TG, Guajardo M, Wallace SW (2019) A two-echelon location-routing problem with synchronisation. J Oper Res Soc (to appear)","DOI":"10.1080\/01605682.2019.1650625"},{"key":"607_CR176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1108\/IJWIS-04-2016-0020","volume":"12","author":"A Mladenow","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mladenow A, Bauer C, Strauss C (2016) \u201c\u2018Crowd logistics\u201d\u2019: the contribution of social crowds in logistics activities. Int J Web Inf Syst 12:379\u2013396","journal-title":"Int J Web Inf Syst"},{"key":"607_CR177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2014.10.029","volume":"79","author":"JR Montoya-Torres","year":"2015","unstructured":"Montoya-Torres JR, Franco JL, Isaza SN, Jim\u00e9nez HF, Herazo-Padilla N (2015) A literature review on the vehicle routing problem with multiple depots. Comput Ind Eng 79:115\u2013129","journal-title":"Comput Ind Eng"},{"key":"607_CR178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/s10288-020-00433-2","volume":"18","author":"A Mor","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mor A, Speranza MG (2020) Vehicle routing problems over time: a survey. 4OR Q J Oper Res 18:129\u2013149","journal-title":"4OR Q J Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trpro.2014.11.014","volume":"4","author":"E Morganti","year":"2014","unstructured":"Morganti E, Seidel S, Blanquart C, Dablanc L, Lenz B (2014) The impact of e-commerce on final deliveries: alternative parcel delivery services in France and Germany. Transp Res Procedia 4:178\u2013190","journal-title":"Transp Res Procedia"},{"key":"607_CR180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apm.2019.11.020","volume":"80","author":"M Moshref-Javadi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Moshref-Javadi M, Hemmati A, Winkenbach M (2020) A truck and drones model for last-mile delivery: a mathematical model and heuristic approach. Appl Math Model 80:290\u2013318","journal-title":"Appl Math Model"},{"key":"607_CR181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101887","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tre.2020.101887","volume":"136","author":"M Moshref-Javadi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Moshref-Javadi M, Lee S, Winkenbach M (2020) Design and evaluation of a multi-trip delivery model with truck and drones. Transp Res Part E 136:101887","journal-title":"Transp Res Part E"},{"key":"607_CR182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2015.03.005","volume":"54","author":"CC Murray","year":"2015","unstructured":"Murray CC, Chu AG (2015) The flying sidekick traveling salesman problem: optimization of drone-assisted parcel delivery. Transp Res Part C 54:86\u2013109","journal-title":"Transp Res Part C"},{"key":"607_CR183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2019.11.003","volume":"110","author":"CC Murray","year":"2020","unstructured":"Murray CC, Raj R (2020) The multiple flying sidekicks traveling salesman problem: parcel delivery with multiple drones. Transp Res Part C 110:368\u2013398","journal-title":"Transp Res Part C"},{"key":"607_CR184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1080\/01605682.2018.1480906","volume":"70","author":"T Nguyen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nguyen T, Bektaxks T, Cherrett TJ, McLeod FN, Allen J, Bates O, Piotrowska M, Piecyk M, Friday A, Wise S (2019) Optimising parcel deliveries in London using dual-mode routing. J Oper Res Soc 70:998\u20131010","journal-title":"J Oper Res Soc"},{"key":"607_CR185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1007\/s13676-019-00144-7","volume":"8","author":"I Orenstein","year":"2019","unstructured":"Orenstein I, Raviv T, Sadan E (2019) Flexible parcel delivery to automated parcel lockers: models, solution methods and analysis. EURO J Transp Logist 8:683\u2013711","journal-title":"EURO J Transp Logist"},{"key":"607_CR186","first-page":"655","volume":"25","author":"MSB Othman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Othman MSB, Shurbevski A, Karuno Y, Nagamochi H (2017) Routing of carrier-vehicle systems with dedicated last-stretch delivery vehicle and fixed carrier route. J Inf Process 25:655\u2013666","journal-title":"J Inf Process"},{"key":"607_CR187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1002\/net.21818","volume":"72","author":"A Otto","year":"2018","unstructured":"Otto A, Agatz N, Campbell J, Golden BL, Pesch E (2018) Optimization approaches for civil applications of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) or aerial drones: a survey. Networks 72:411\u2013458","journal-title":"Networks"},{"key":"607_CR188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1007\/s00291-017-0479-x","volume":"39","author":"A Otto","year":"2017","unstructured":"Otto A, Boysen N, Scholl A, Walter R (2017) Ergonomic workplace design in the fast pick area. OR Spectr 39:945\u2013975","journal-title":"OR Spectr"},{"key":"607_CR189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2017.02.003","volume":"100","author":"G Ozbaygin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ozbaygin G, Karasan OE, Savelsbergh MWP, Yaman H (2017) A branch-and-price algorithm for the vehicle routing problem with roaming delivery locations. Transp Res Part B 100:115\u2013137","journal-title":"Transp Res Part B"},{"key":"607_CR190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2019.08.004","volume":"128","author":"G Ozbaygin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ozbaygin G, Savelsbergh MWP (2019) An iterative re-optimization framework for the dynamic vehicle routing problem with roaming delivery locations. Transp Res Part B 128:207\u2013235","journal-title":"Transp Res Part B"},{"key":"607_CR191","unstructured":"Paketda (2020) Paketauto von DHL (digital image). Paketda website, Fotos von DHL f\u00fcr Presse & Medien, https:\/\/www.paketda.de\/dhl\/pressefotos-mediathek.php. Accessed March 2020"},{"key":"607_CR192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.3390\/math8030333","volume":"8","author":"JS Pan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pan JS, Song PC, Chu SC, Peng YJ (2020) Improved compact cuckoo search algorithm applied to location of drone logistics hub. Mathematics 8:333","journal-title":"Mathematics"},{"key":"607_CR193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.2015.0646","volume":"50","author":"S Pelletier","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pelletier S, Jabali O, Laporte G (2016) 50th anniversary invited article: goods distribution with electric vehicles\u2014review and research perspectives. Transp Sci 50:3\u201322","journal-title":"Transp Sci"},{"key":"607_CR194","unstructured":"Peterson H (2018) Missing wages, grueling shifts, and bottles of urine: The disturbing accounts of Amazon delivery drivers may reveal the true human cost of \u2019free\u2019 shipping. Business Insider website, https:\/\/www.businessinsider.de\/amazon-delivery-drivers-reveal-claims-of-disturbing-work-conditions-2018-8?r=US&IR=T. Accessed March 2020"},{"key":"607_CR195","unstructured":"PinPod (2020) PinPod Lo: parcel delivery locker box for larger items (digital image). PinPod website, About PinPod, http:\/\/www.pinpod.com\/about. Accessed March 2020"},{"key":"607_CR196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Poikonen S, Golden BL (2019) The mothership and drone routing problem. INFORMS J Comput (to appear)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2019.104802"},{"key":"607_CR197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Poikonen S, Golden BL (2020) Multi-visit drone routing problem. Comput Oper Res (to appear)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2019.104802"},{"key":"607_CR198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1287\/ijoc.2018.0826","volume":"31","author":"S Poikonen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Poikonen S, Golden BL, Wasil EA (2019) A branch-and-bound approach to the traveling salesman problem with a drone. INFORMS J Comput 31:335\u2013346","journal-title":"INFORMS J Comput"},{"key":"607_CR199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1002\/net.21746","volume":"70","author":"S Poikonen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Poikonen S, Wang X, Golden BL (2017) The vehicle routing problem with drones: extended models and connections. Networks 70:34\u201343","journal-title":"Networks"},{"key":"607_CR200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1007\/s10796-012-9387-4","volume":"16","author":"N Poggi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Poggi N, Carrera D, Gavalda R, Ayguad\u00e9 E, Torres J (2014) A methodology for the evaluation of high response time on E-commerce users and sales. Inf Syst Front 16:867\u2013885","journal-title":"Inf Syst Front"},{"key":"607_CR201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2014.01.005","volume":"238","author":"C Prodhon","year":"2014","unstructured":"Prodhon C, Prins C (2014) A survey of recent research on location-routing problems. Eur J Oper Res 238:1\u201317","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1108\/09600030110399423","volume":"31","author":"M Punakivi","year":"2001","unstructured":"Punakivi M, Yrj\u00f6l\u00e4 H, Holmstr\u00f6m J (2001) Solving the last mile issue: Reception box or delivery box? Int J Phys Distrib Logist Manag 31:427\u2013439","journal-title":"Int J Phys Distrib Logist Manag"},{"key":"607_CR203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tbs.2018.03.005","volume":"12","author":"A Punel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Punel A, Ermagun A, Stathopoulos A (2018) Studying determinants of crowd-shipping use. Travel Behav Soc 12:30\u201340","journal-title":"Travel Behav Soc"},{"key":"607_CR204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tre.2017.06.007","volume":"105","author":"A Punel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Punel A, Stathopoulos A (2017) Modeling the acceptability of crowdsourced goods deliveries: role of context and experience effects. Transp Res Part E 105:18\u201338","journal-title":"Transp Res Part E"},{"key":"607_CR205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.3390\/su10030782","volume":"10","author":"L Ranieri","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ranieri L, Digiesi S, Silvestri B, Roccotelli M (2018) A review of last mile logistics innovations in an externalities cost reduction vision. Sustainability 10:782","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"607_CR206","first-page":"56","volume":"13","author":"R Regu\u00e9","year":"2013","unstructured":"Regu\u00e9 R, Bristow AL (2013) Appraising freight tram schemes: a case study of Barcelona. Eur J Transp Infrastruct Res 13:56\u201378","journal-title":"Eur J Transp Infrastruct Res"},{"key":"607_CR207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2017.04.003","volume":"80","author":"D Reyes","year":"2017","unstructured":"Reyes D, Savelsbergh MWP, Toriello A (2017) Vehicle routing with roaming delivery locations. Transp Res Part C 80:71\u201391","journal-title":"Transp Res Part C"},{"key":"607_CR208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R\u00edos-Mercado RZ (ed.) (2020) Optimal districting and territory design. International Series in Operations Research & Management Science 284, Springer, Cham","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-34312-5"},{"key":"607_CR209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/s13676-012-0010-0","volume":"1","author":"R Roberti","year":"2012","unstructured":"Roberti R, Toth P (2012) Models and algorithms for the asymmetric traveling salesman problem: an experimental comparison. EURO J Transp Logist 1:113\u2013133","journal-title":"EURO J Transp Logist"},{"key":"607_CR210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tre.2016.01.010","volume":"89","author":"R Roberti","year":"2016","unstructured":"Roberti R, Wen M (2016) The electric traveling salesman problem with time windows. Transp Res Part E 89:32\u201352","journal-title":"Transp Res Part E"},{"key":"607_CR211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rojas Viloria D, Solano-Charris EL, Mu\u00f1oz-Villamizar A, Montoya-Torres JR (2020) Unmanned aerial vehicles\/drones in vehicle routing problems: a literature review. Int Trans Oper Res (to appear)","DOI":"10.1111\/itor.12783"},{"key":"607_CR212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2019.02.018","volume":"102","author":"D Sacramento","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sacramento D, Pisinger D, Ropke S (2019) An adaptive large neighborhood search metaheuristic for the vehicle routing problem with drones. Transp Res Part C 102:289\u2013315","journal-title":"Transp Res Part C"},{"key":"607_CR213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1002\/net.21846","volume":"72","author":"RM Saleu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Saleu RM, Deroussi L, Feillet D, Grangeon N, Quilliot A (2018) An iterative two-step heuristic for the parallel drone scheduling traveling salesman problem. Networks 72:459\u2013474","journal-title":"Networks"},{"key":"607_CR214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2020.01.019","volume":"114","author":"M Salama","year":"2020","unstructured":"Salama M, Srinivas S (2020) Joint optimization of customer location clustering and drone-based routing for last-mile deliveries. Transp Res Part C 114:620\u2013642","journal-title":"Transp Res Part C"},{"key":"607_CR215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-814242-4.00015-6","volume-title":"Sustainable transportation and smart logistics","author":"A Sampaio","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sampaio A, Savelsbergh MWP, Veelenturf L, Van Woensel T (2019) Chapter 15: crowd-based city logistics. In: Faulin J, Grasman SE, Juan AA, Hirsch P (eds) Sustainable transportation and smart logistics. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 381\u2013400"},{"key":"607_CR216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.2016.0675","volume":"50","author":"MWP Savelsbergh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Savelsbergh MWP, Van Woensel T (2016) 50th anniversary invited article: city logistics\u2014challenges and opportunities. Trans Sci 50:579\u2013590","journal-title":"Trans Sci"},{"key":"607_CR217","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.7763\/LNSE.2015.V3.204","volume":"3","author":"H Savuran","year":"2015","unstructured":"Savuran H, Karakaya M (2015) Route optimization method for unmanned air vehicle launched from a carrier. Lect Notes Softw Eng 3:279\u2013284","journal-title":"Lect Notes Softw Eng"},{"key":"607_CR218","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2905","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-015-1970-4","volume":"20","author":"H Savuran","year":"2016","unstructured":"Savuran H, Karakaya M (2016) Efficient route planning for an unmanned air vehicle deployed on a moving carrier. Soft Comput 20:2905\u20132920","journal-title":"Soft Comput"},{"key":"607_CR219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2241","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2018.2865893","volume":"20","author":"S Sawadsitang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sawadsitang S, Niyato D, Tan PS, Wang P (2019) Joint ground and aerial package delivery services: a stochastic optimization approach. IEEE Trans Intell Transp Syst 20:2241\u20132254","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Intell Transp Syst"},{"key":"607_CR220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2019.04.021","volume":"109","author":"D Schermer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schermer D, Moeini M, Wendt O (2019a) A hybrid VNS\/tabu search algorithm for solving the vehicle routing problem with drones and en route operations. Comput Oper Res 109:134\u2013158","journal-title":"Comput Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR221","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2019.06.016","volume":"106","author":"D Schermer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schermer D, Moeini M, Wendt O (2019b) A matheuristic for the vehicle routing problem with drones and its variants. Transp Res Part C 106:166\u2013204","journal-title":"Transp Res Part C"},{"key":"607_CR222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rtbm.2015.02.001","volume":"15","author":"G Schliwa","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schliwa G, Armitage R, Aziz S, Evans J, Rhoades J (2015) Sustainable city logistics: making cargo cycles viable for urban freight transport. Res Transp Bus Manag 15:50\u201357","journal-title":"Res Transp Bus Manag"},{"key":"607_CR223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1007\/s10479-017-2509-0","volume":"259","author":"M Schneider","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schneider M, Drexl M (2017) A survey of the standard location-routing problem. Ann Oper Res 259:389\u2013414","journal-title":"Ann Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR224","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2020.02.033","volume":"285","author":"S Schwerdfeger","year":"2020","unstructured":"Schwerdfeger S, Boysen N (2020) Optimizing the changing locations of mobile parcel lockers in last-mile distribution. Eur J Oper Res 285:1077\u20131094","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shavarani SM, Golabi M, Izbirak G (2020) A capacitated biobjective location problem with uniformly distributed demands in the UAV-supported delivery operation. Int Trans Oper Res (to appear)","DOI":"10.1111\/itor.12735"},{"key":"607_CR226","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2019.04.001","volume":"108","author":"SM Shavarani","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shavarani SM, Mosallaeipour S, Golabi M, Izbirak G (2019) A congested capacitated multi-level fuzzy facility location problem An efficient drone delivery system. Comput Oper Res 108:57\u201368","journal-title":"Comput Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR227","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/s12544-019-0349-5","volume":"11","author":"M Sheth","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sheth M, Butrina P, Goodchild A, McCormack E (2019) Measuring delivery route cost trade-offs between electric-assist cargo bicycles and delivery trucks in dense urban areas. Eur Transp Res Rev 11:11","journal-title":"Eur Transp Res Rev"},{"key":"607_CR228","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Simoni MD, Marcucci E, Gatta V, Claudel CG (2019) Potential last-mile impacts of crowdshipping services: a simulation-based evaluation. Transportation","DOI":"10.1007\/s11116-019-10028-4"},{"key":"607_CR229","unstructured":"Sommer (2018) Sommer ZGSL-A (digital image). Sommer website, Sommer Novelties IAA 2018, https:\/\/www.sommer-online.de\/index.php?id=iaa2018&L=1. Accessed March 2020"},{"key":"607_CR230","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.3141\/2097-02","volume":"2097","author":"L Song","year":"2009","unstructured":"Song L, Cherrett TJ, McLeod FN, Guan W (2009) Addressing the last mile problem: the transport impacts of collection\/delivery points. Transp Res Rec 2097:9\u201318","journal-title":"Transp Res Rec"},{"key":"607_CR231","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2018.05.013","volume":"120","author":"BD Song","year":"2018","unstructured":"Song BD, Park K, Kim J (2018) Persistent UAV delivery logistics: MILP formulation and efficient heuristic. Comput Ind Eng 120:418\u2013428","journal-title":"Comput Ind Eng"},{"key":"607_CR232","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2016.08.032","volume":"264","author":"MG Speranza","year":"2018","unstructured":"Speranza MG (2018) Trends in transportation and logistics. Eur J Oper Res 264:830\u2013836","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR233","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.2016.0705","volume":"52","author":"R Spliet","year":"2017","unstructured":"Spliet R, Dabia S, Van Woensel T (2017) The time window assignment vehicle routing problem with time-dependent travel times. Transp Sci 52:261\u2013276","journal-title":"Transp Sci"},{"key":"607_CR234","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2015.01.020","volume":"244","author":"R Spliet","year":"2015","unstructured":"Spliet R, Desaulniers G (2015) The discrete time window assignment vehicle routing problem. Eur J Oper Res 244:379\u2013391","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.2013.0510","volume":"49","author":"R Spliet","year":"2014","unstructured":"Spliet R, Gabor AF (2014) The time window assignment vehicle routing problem. Transp Sci 49:721\u2013731","journal-title":"Transp Sci"},{"key":"607_CR236","unstructured":"Starship Technologies (2015) Factsheet starship delivery robot. Post website, https:\/\/www.post.ch\/-\/media\/post\/ueber-uns\/...\/2017\/factsheet-lieferroboter.pdf. Accessed Feb 2020"},{"key":"607_CR237","unstructured":"Starship Technologies (2017) Starship Technologies launches pilot program with Domino\u2019s Pizza Enterprises. Starship website, https:\/\/www.starship.xyz\/press_releases\/starship-technologies-launches-pilot-program-with-dominos-pizza-enterprises\/. Accessed Aug 2020"},{"key":"607_CR238","unstructured":"Starship Technologies (2020) Delivery robot (digital image). Starship website, https:\/\/www.starship.xyz\/. Accessed March 2020"},{"key":"607_CR239","unstructured":"Statista (2018) Annual retail e-commerce sales growth worldwide from 2014 to 2023. Statista website, https:\/\/www.statista.com\/statistics\/288487\/forecast-of-global-b2c-e-commerce-growt\/. Accessed July 2019"},{"key":"607_CR240","unstructured":"Statista (2019) Fast 12 Millionen Sendungen pro Zustelltag. Statista website, https:\/\/de.statista.com\/infografik\/9992\/in-deutschland-von-den-paket-und-kurierdiensten-befoerderten-sendungen\/. Accessed July 2019"},{"key":"607_CR241","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9481","DOI":"10.1021\/es301302k","volume":"46","author":"K Suh","year":"2012","unstructured":"Suh K, Smith T, Linhoff M (2012) Leveraging socially networked mobile ICT platforms for the last-mile delivery problem. Environ Sci Technol 46:9481\u20139490","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"607_CR242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1007\/s10846-019-01045-7","volume":"97","author":"I Sung","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sung I, Nielsen P (2020) Zoning a service area of unmanned aerial vehicles for package delivery services. J Intell Robot Syst 97:719\u2013731","journal-title":"J Intell Robot Syst"},{"key":"607_CR243","unstructured":"T3n (2017) Zustellroboter soll Postboten auf Schritt und Tritt folgen, T3n website, News, https:\/\/t3n.de\/news\/zustellroboter-deutsche-post-bot-863662\/. Accessed Aug 2020"},{"key":"607_CR244","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbspro.2014.01.1451","volume":"125","author":"E Taniguchi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Taniguchi E, Thompson RG, Yamada T (2014) Recent trends and innovations in modelling city logistics. Procedia-Soc Behav Sci 125:4\u201314","journal-title":"Procedia-Soc Behav Sci"},{"key":"607_CR245","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2015.07.048","volume":"248","author":"D Ta\u015f","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ta\u015f D, Gendreau M, Jabali O, Laporte G (2016) The traveling salesman problem with time-dependent service times. Eur J Oper Res 248:372\u2013383","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1287\/msom.2017.0678","volume":"20","author":"T Taylor","year":"2018","unstructured":"Taylor T (2018) On-demand service platforms. Manuf Serv Oper Manag 20:601\u2013800","journal-title":"Manuf Serv Oper Manag"},{"key":"607_CR247","unstructured":"Teague (2020) Mobile parcel locker (digital image). Teague website, Purely a concept for now, this autonomous vehicle called Hannah, conceived by transportation design firm Teague, would serve as a hybrid school bus and delivery vehicle, https:\/\/teague.com\/work\/autonomous-school-bus. Accessed March 2020"},{"key":"607_CR248","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1007\/s10846-019-01034-w","volume":"97","author":"M Torabbeigi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Torabbeigi M, Lim GJ, Kim SJ (2020) Drone delivery scheduling optimization considering payload-induced battery consumption rates. J Intell Robot Syst 97:471\u2013487","journal-title":"J Intell Robot Syst"},{"key":"607_CR249","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3344","DOI":"10.3390\/su10093344","volume":"10","author":"A Troudi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Troudi A, Addouche SA, Dellagi S, Mhamedi AE (2018) Sizing of the drone delivery fleet considering energy autonomy. Sustainability 10:3344","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"607_CR250","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2019.03.017","volume":"108","author":"MW Ulmer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ulmer MW, Streng S (2019) Same-day delivery with pickup stations and autonomous vehicles. Comput Oper Res 108:1\u201319","journal-title":"Comput Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR251","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1007\/s13676-018-0124-0","volume":"8","author":"MW Ulmer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ulmer MW, Thomas BW, Mattfeld DC (2019) Preemptive depot returns for dynamic same-day delivery. EURO J Transp Logist 8:327\u2013361","journal-title":"EURO J Transp Logist"},{"key":"607_CR252","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1002\/net.21855","volume":"72","author":"MW Ulmer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ulmer MW, Thomas BW (2018) Same-day delivery with heterogeneous fleets of drones and vehicles. Networks 72:475\u2013505","journal-title":"Networks"},{"key":"607_CR253","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2017.11.033","volume":"88","author":"Y Vakulenko","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vakulenko Y, Hellstr\u00f6m D, Hjort K (2018) What\u2019s in the parcel locker? Exploring customer value in e-commerce last mile delivery. J Bus Res 88:421\u2013427","journal-title":"J Bus Res"},{"key":"607_CR254","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trpro.2016.02.006","volume":"12","author":"JHR Van Duin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Van Duin JHR, De Goffau W, Wiegmans B, Tavasszy LA, Saes M (2016) Improving home delivery efficiency by using principles of address intelligence for B2C deliveries. Transp Res Procedia 12:14\u201325","journal-title":"Transp Res Procedia"},{"key":"607_CR255","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.2017.0773","volume":"53","author":"WJA Van Heeswijk","year":"2019","unstructured":"Van Heeswijk WJA, Mes MRK, Schutten JMJ (2019) The delivery dispatching problem with time windows for urban consolidation centers. Transp Sci 53:203\u2013221","journal-title":"Transp Sci"},{"key":"607_CR256","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.2017.0748","volume":"53","author":"AD Vareias","year":"2019","unstructured":"Vareias AD, Repoussis PP, Tarantilis CD (2019) Assessing customer service reliability in route planning with self-imposed time windows and stochastic travel times. Transp Sci 53:256\u2013281","journal-title":"Transp Sci"},{"key":"607_CR257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.2016.0732","volume":"53","author":"SA Voccia","year":"2019","unstructured":"Voccia SA, Campbell AM, Thomas BW (2019) The same-day delivery problem for online purchases. Transp Sci 53:167\u2013184","journal-title":"Transp Sci"},{"key":"607_CR258","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10483","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2019.2939397","volume":"6","author":"D Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang D, Hu P, Du J, Zhou P, Deng T, Hu M (2019a) Routing and scheduling for hybrid truck-drone collaborative parcel delivery with independent and truck-carried drones. IEEE Internet of Things J 6:10483\u201310493","journal-title":"IEEE Internet of Things J"},{"key":"607_CR259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1007\/s11590-016-1035-3","volume":"11","author":"X Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang X, Poikonen S, Golden BL (2017) The vehicle routing problem with drones: several worst-case results. Optim Lett 11:679\u2013697","journal-title":"Optim Lett"},{"key":"607_CR260","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2019.03.005","volume":"122","author":"Z Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang Z, Sheu JB (2019) Vehicle routing problem with drones. Transp Res Part B 122:350\u2013364","journal-title":"Transp Res Part B"},{"key":"607_CR261","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang K, Yuan B, Zhao M, Lu Y, (2019b) Cooperative route planning for the drone and truck in delivery services: a bi-objective optimisation approach. J Oper Res Soc (to appear)","DOI":"10.1080\/01605682.2019.1621671"},{"key":"607_CR262","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang X, Zhan L, Ruan J, Zhang J (2014) How to choose \u201clast mile\u201d delivery modes for e-fulfillment. Math Probl Eng","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/417129"},{"key":"607_CR263","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tre.2016.06.002","volume":"93","author":"Y Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang Y, Zhang D, Liu Q, Shen F, Lee LH (2016) Towards enhancing the last-mile delivery: an effective crowd-tasking model with scalable solutions. Transp Res Part E 93:279\u2013293","journal-title":"Transp Res Part E"},{"key":"607_CR264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1108\/09590550810883487","volume":"36","author":"JW Weltevreden","year":"2008","unstructured":"Weltevreden JW (2008) B2C e-commerce logistics: the rise of collection-and-delivery points in The Netherlands. Int J Retail Distrib Manag 36:638\u2013660","journal-title":"Int J Retail Distrib Manag"},{"key":"607_CR265","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2009.02.035","volume":"201","author":"B Werners","year":"2010","unstructured":"Werners B, W\u00fclfing T (2010) Robust optimization of internal transports at a parcel sorting center operated by Deutsche Post World Net. Eur J Oper Res 201:419\u2013426","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR266","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.2015.0624","volume":"50","author":"M Winkenbach","year":"2016","unstructured":"Winkenbach M, Kleindorfer PR, Spinler S (2016) Enabling urban logistics services at La Poste through multi-echelon location-routing. Transp Sci 50:520\u2013540","journal-title":"Transp Sci"},{"key":"607_CR267","unstructured":"Worthington, T. \/ on Wikimedia (2014) Australia Post postal lockers (digital image). Wikimedia website, https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Australia_Post_Postal_Lockers.jpg#filelinks. Accessed March 2020"},{"key":"607_CR268","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.1120.1065","volume":"60","author":"H Yaman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yaman H, Karasan OE, Kara BY (2012) Release time scheduling and hub location for next-day delivery. Oper Res 60:906\u2013917","journal-title":"Oper Res"},{"key":"607_CR269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.2014.0549","volume":"50","author":"X Yang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yang X, Strauss AK, Currie CSM, Eglese R (2016) Choice-based demand management and vehicle routing in e-fulfillment. Transp Sci 50:473\u2013488","journal-title":"Transp Sci"},{"key":"607_CR270","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2019.01.021","volume":"100","author":"B Yildiz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yildiz B, Savelsbergh MWP (2019) Service and capacity planning in crowd-sourced delivery. Transp Res Part C 100:177\u2013199","journal-title":"Transp Res Part C"},{"key":"607_CR271","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2018.04.009","volume":"91","author":"EE Yurek","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yurek EE, Ozmutlu HC (2018) A decomposition-based iterative optimization algorithm for traveling salesman problem with drone. Transp Res Part C 91:249\u2013262","journal-title":"Transp Res Part C"},{"key":"607_CR272","unstructured":"ZF (2018) IAA 2018: ZF macht die Logistik sauber und autonom. ZF website, https:\/\/press.zf.com\/press\/de\/releases\/release_2982.html. Accessed March 2020"},{"key":"607_CR273","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compeleceng.2017.05.034","volume":"62","author":"C Zhang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhang C, Du Z, Parmar MD, Bai Y (2017) Pocket-switch-network based services optimization in crowdsourced delivery systems. Comput Electr Eng 62:53\u201363","journal-title":"Comput Electr Eng"}],"container-title":["OR Spectrum"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00291-020-00607-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00291-020-00607-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00291-020-00607-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,7]],"date-time":"2023-10-07T16:50:18Z","timestamp":1696697418000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00291-020-00607-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,21]]},"references-count":273,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["607"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00291-020-00607-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0171-6468","1436-6304"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0171-6468","type":"print"},{"value":"1436-6304","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 May 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 September 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 September 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}