{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T12:36:28Z","timestamp":1768739788856,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3-4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,1]],"date-time":"2014-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406851200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["New Gener. Comput."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00354-014-0405-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,26]],"date-time":"2014-08-26T15:44:53Z","timestamp":1409067893000},"page":"271-296","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Symmetric Preferential Attachment for New Vertices Attaching to Software Networks"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Hui","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Li-Ying","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hai","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"405_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"046116","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.68.046116","volume":"68","author":"C.R. Myers","year":"2003","unstructured":"Myers C.R.: \u201cSoftware systems as complex networks: Structure, function, and evolvability of software collaboration graphs,\u201d. Phys. Rev. E, 68(4), 046116 (2003)","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. E,"},{"key":"405_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1038\/43601","volume":"401","author":"R Albert","year":"1999","unstructured":"Albert R, Jeong H., Barab\u00e1si A-L.: \u201cInternet: Diameter of the World-Wide Web,\u201d. Nature, 401, 130\u2013131 (1999)","journal-title":"Nature,"},{"issue":"2","key":"405_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physa.2006.03.054","volume":"371","author":"J. G. Liu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Liu, J. G. et\u00a0al.: \u201cRelationship between the in-degree and out-degree of WWW,\u201d. Physica A, 371(2), 861\u2013869 (2006)","journal-title":"Physica A,"},{"issue":"12","key":"405_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7821","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.122653799","volume":"99","author":"M. Girvan","year":"2002","unstructured":"Girvan, M., Newman, M. E. J: \u201cCommunity structure in social and biological networks,\u201d. PNAS, 99(12), 7821\u20137826 (2002)","journal-title":"PNAS,"},{"issue":"3","key":"405_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4371(02)00736-7","volume":"311","author":"A-L. Barab\u00e1si","year":"2002","unstructured":"Barab\u00e1si, A-L. et\u00a0al.: \u201cEvolution of the social network of scientific collaborations,\u201d. Physica A, 311(3), 590\u2013614 (2002)","journal-title":"Physica A,"},{"issue":"1","key":"405_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"016131","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.64.016131","volume":"64","author":"M.E.J. Newman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Newman M.E.J.: \u201cScientific collaboration networks. I. Network construction and fundamental results,\u201d. Phys. Rev. E, 64(1), 016131 (2001)","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. E,"},{"issue":"2","key":"405_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"016132","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.64.016132","volume":"64","author":"M.E.J. Newman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Newman M.E.J.: \u201cScientific collaboration networks. II. Shortest paths, weighted networks, and centrality,\u201d. Phys. Rev. E, 64(2), 016132 (2001)","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. E,"},{"key":"405_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg1272","volume":"5","author":"A-L Barab\u00e1si","year":"2004","unstructured":"Barab\u00e1si, A-L, Oltval, Z. N.: \u201cNetwork biology: understanding the cells functional organization,\u201d. Nature Reviews Genetics, 5, 101\u2013113 (2004)","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Genetics,"},{"issue":"4","key":"405_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1209\/epl\/i2002-00248-2","volume":"60","author":"S Valverde","year":"2002","unstructured":"Valverde, S, Cancho, R. F., Sole, R. V.: \u201cScale-free networks from optimal design,\u201d. Europhysics Letters, 60(4), 512\u2013517 (2002)","journal-title":"Europhysics Letters,"},{"key":"405_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2007.1019","volume":"33","author":"G. Concas","year":"2006","unstructured":"Concas G. et\u00a0al.: \u201cPower-Laws in a Large Object-Oriented Software System,\u201d. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 33, 687\u2013708 (2006)","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering,"},{"issue":"2","key":"405_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1007\/s11227-009-0299-0","volume":"53","author":"H.H. Zhang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zhang, H.H. et\u00a0al.: \u201cUsing the k-core decomposition to analyze the static structure of large-scale software systems,\u201d. The Journal of Supercomputing, 53(2), 352\u2013369 (2010)","journal-title":"The Journal of Supercomputing,"},{"issue":"12","key":"405_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2007.01.021","volume":"177","author":"S. Jenkins","year":"2007","unstructured":"Jenkins, S., Kirk, S. R.: \u201cSoftware architecture graphs as complex networks: A novel partitioning scheme to measure stability and evolution,\u201d. Information Sciences, 177(12), 2587\u20132601 (2007)","journal-title":"Information Sciences,"},{"issue":"6","key":"405_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1007\/s11424-011-0319-z","volume":"24","author":"W. F. Pan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pan, W. F. et\u00a0al.: \u201cMulti-Granularity Evolution Analysis of Software using Complex Network Theory,\u201d. Journal of Systems Science and Complexity, 24(6), 1068\u20131082 (2011)","journal-title":"Journal of Systems Science and Complexity,"},{"issue":"5439","key":"405_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1126\/science.286.5439.509","volume":"286","author":"A-L. Barab\u00e1si","year":"1999","unstructured":"Barab\u00e1si, A-L., Albert, R.: \u201cEmergence of scaling in random networks,\u201d. Science, 286(5439), 509\u2013512 (1999)","journal-title":"Science,"},{"key":"405_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1038\/30918","volume":"393","author":"D. J. Watts","year":"1998","unstructured":"Watts, D. J., Strogatz, S. H.: \u201cCollective dynamics of \u2019small-world\u2019 networks,\u201d. Nature, 393, 440\u2013442 (1998)","journal-title":"Nature,"},{"issue":"1","key":"405_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"017102","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.68.017102","volume":"68","author":"A. P. S. Moura","year":"2003","unstructured":"Moura, A. P. S., Lai, Y., Motter, A. E.: \u201cSignatures of small-world and scale-free properties in large computer programs,\u201d. Physical Review E, 68(1), 017102 (2003)","journal-title":"Physical Review E,"},{"key":"405_CR17","first-page":"99","volume":"48","author":"A. Potanin","year":"2005","unstructured":"Potanin, A. et\u00a0al.: \u201cScale-free Geometry in Object-Oriented Programs,\u201d. Communications of the ACM - Adaptive complex enterprises, 48, 99\u2013103 (2005)","journal-title":"Communications of the ACM - Adaptive complex enterprises,"},{"key":"405_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Louridas, P., Spinellis, D. and Vlachos, V., \u201cPower Laws in Software,\u201d. ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology, 18, 1, 2008.","DOI":"10.1145\/1391984.1391986"},{"issue":"4","key":"405_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCB.2009.2020206","volume":"39","author":"L. Wen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wen, L., Dromey, R. G.: \u201cSoftware Engineering and Scale-Free Networks,\u201d. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B: Cybernetics, 39(4), 845\u2013854 (2009)","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B: Cybernetics,"},{"key":"405_CR20","first-page":"1","volume":"14","author":"S. Valverde","year":"2007","unstructured":"Valverde, S., Sol\u00e9, R. V.: \u201cHierarchical Small-Worlds in Software Architecture,\u201d. Discrete and Impulsive Systems, Series B: Applications and Algorithms, 14, 1\u201314 (2007)","journal-title":"Discrete and Impulsive Systems, Series B: Applications and Algorithms,"},{"key":"405_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, H. H. et\u00a0al., \u201cVisualization and Cognition of Large-scale Software Structure using the k-core Analysis,\u201d Proc. of the 2008 International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing, pp. 954\u2013957, 2008.","DOI":"10.1109\/IIH-MSP.2008.294"},{"issue":"16","key":"405_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2968","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physa.2011.03.036","volume":"390","author":"L. S\u0306ubelj","year":"2011","unstructured":"S\u0306ubelj, L., Bajec, M.: \u201cCommunity structure of complex software systems: Analysis and applications,\u201d. Physica A, 390(16), 2968\u20132975 (2011)","journal-title":"Physica A,"},{"issue":"24","key":"405_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physa.2008.06.050","volume":"387","author":"X. L. Zheng","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zheng X. L. et\u00a0al.: \u201cAnalyzing open-source software systems as complex networks,\u201d. Physica A, 387(24), 6190\u20136200 (2008)","journal-title":"Physica A,"},{"key":"405_CR24","first-page":"2181","volume":"5","author":"W. F. Pan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pan, W. F. et\u00a0al.: \u201cA Novel Software Evolution Model Based on Software Networks,\u201d. Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 5, 2181\u20132191 (2009)","journal-title":"Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering,"},{"issue":"5","key":"405_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58005","DOI":"10.1209\/0295-5075\/96\/58005","volume":"96","author":"C. J. Tessone","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tessone, C. J., Geipel, M. M., Schweitzer, F.: \u201cSustainable growth in complex networks,\u201d. Europhysics Letters, 96(5), 58005 (2011)","journal-title":"Europhysics Letters,"},{"issue":"4","key":"405_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1137\/070710111","volume":"51","author":"A. Clauset","year":"2009","unstructured":"Clauset, A., Shalizi, C. R., Newman, M. E. J.: \u201cPower-Law Distributions in Empirical Data,\u201d. SIAM REVIEW, 51(4), 661\u2013703 (2009)","journal-title":"SIAM REVIEW,"},{"issue":"9","key":"405_CR27","first-page":"1972","volume":"54","author":"L. Wang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wang, L. et\u00a0al.: \u201cEvolution and stability of Linux kernels based on complex networks,\u201d. SCIENCE CHINA: Information Sciences, 54(9), 1972\u20131982 (2012)","journal-title":"SCIENCE CHINA: Information Sciences,"},{"key":"405_CR28","first-page":"1","volume":"54","author":"G. Canfora","year":"2012","unstructured":"Canfora, G. et\u00a0al.: \u201cHow changes affect software entropy: an empirical study,\u201d. Empirical Software Engineering, 54, 1\u201338 (2012)","journal-title":"Empirical Software Engineering,"},{"issue":"12","key":"405_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1903","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2009.01.011","volume":"179","author":"K. Y. Cai","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cai, K. Y., Yin, B. B.: \u201cSoftware execution processes as an evolving complex network,\u201d. Information Sciences, 179(12), 1903\u20131928 (2009)","journal-title":"Information Sciences,"},{"issue":"6","key":"405_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1002\/smr.348","volume":"19","author":"S. Koch","year":"2007","unstructured":"Koch S.: \u201cSoftware evolution in open source projectsa large-scale investigation,\u201d. Journal of Software Maintenance and Evolution: Research and Practice, 19(6), 361\u2013382 (2007)","journal-title":"Journal of Software Maintenance and Evolution: Research and Practice,"},{"issue":"3","key":"405_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2009.09.042","volume":"83","author":"A. Israeli","year":"2010","unstructured":"Israeli, A., Feitelson, D. G.: \u201cThe Linux kernel as a case study in software evolution,\u201d. The Journal of Systems and Software, 83(3), 485\u2013501 (2010)","journal-title":"The Journal of Systems and Software,"},{"issue":"50","key":"405_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19985","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1115960108","volume":"108","author":"M. A. Fortuna","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fortuna, M. A., Bonachela, J. A., Levin, S. A.: \u201cEvolution of a modular software network,\u201d. PNAS, 108(50), 19985\u201319989 (2011)","journal-title":"PNAS,"},{"issue":"9","key":"405_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2025","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physa.2013.01.035","volume":"392","author":"H. Li","year":"2013","unstructured":"Li, H. et\u00a0al.: \u201cA modular attachment mechanism for software network evolution,\u201d. Physica A, 392(9), 2025\u20132037 (2013)","journal-title":"Physica A,"},{"issue":"4","key":"405_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1109\/32.799945","volume":"25","author":"C. F. Kemerer","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kemerer, C. F., Slaughter, S.: \u201cAn Empirical Approach to Studying Software Evolution,\u201d. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 25(4), 493\u2013509 (1999)","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering,"},{"key":"405_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Atkinson, C. and Hummel, O., \u201cIterative and Incremental Development of Component-Based Software Architectures,\u201d Proc. of the 15th ACM SIGSOFT Symposium on Component Based Software Engineering, pp. 77\u201382, 2012.","DOI":"10.1145\/2304736.2304750"},{"key":"405_CR36","first-page":"108","volume":"1149","author":"M.M. Lehman","year":"1996","unstructured":"Lehman M.M.: \u201cProgram Evolution: Processes of Software Change,\u201d. LNCS, 1149, 108\u2013124 (1996)","journal-title":"LNCS,"},{"issue":"3","key":"405_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"035103","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.66.035103","volume":"66","author":"H. Ebel","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ebel, H., Mielsch, L-I., Bornholdt, S.: \u201cScale-free topology of e-mail networks,\u201d. Phys. Rev. E, 66(3), 035103 (2002)","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. E,"},{"key":"405_CR38","unstructured":"https:\/\/github.com\/ntamas\/plfit"},{"issue":"4","key":"405_CR39","first-page":"565","volume":"57","author":"W. Peier","year":"1972","unstructured":"Peier W.: \u201cTime evolution of open systems: I. Master equations,\u201d. Physica, 57(4), 565\u2013584 (1972)","journal-title":"Master equations,\u201d. Physica,"},{"issue":"2","key":"405_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2011.05.044","volume":"85","author":"K. A. M. Ferreira","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ferreira, K. A. M. et\u00a0al.: \u201cIdentifying thresholds for object-oriented software metrics,\u201d. The Journal of Systems and Software, 85(2), 244\u2013251 (2012)","journal-title":"The Journal of Systems and Software,"},{"key":"405_CR41","unstructured":"http:\/\/www.doxygen.org\/"}],"container-title":["New Generation Computing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00354-014-0405-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00354-014-0405-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00354-014-0405-6","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,28]],"date-time":"2019-05-28T14:27:53Z","timestamp":1559053673000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00354-014-0405-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3-4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]}},"alternative-id":["405"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00354-014-0405-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0288-3635","1882-7055"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0288-3635","type":"print"},{"value":"1882-7055","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]}}}