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This is achieved by developing an Abaqus plugin (EasyPBC) that automates the application of periodic boundary conditions and computes effective elastic and thermal expansion properties for 2D and 3D problems. Abaqus is then linked to an optimizer to fully explore the design space and optimal trade-off between thermal and mechanical properties for two example metamaterials. The first example is a auxetic 2D star-shaped metamaterial, where the proposed approach is used to create a design envelope for Poisson\u2019s ratio and thermal expansion coefficient by solving a series of constrained optimization problems. The second example is a 3D metamaterial based on an octet truss, with additional members to expand the design space. A multi-objective optimization problem is solved to find the optimal trade-off between Young\u2019s modulus and thermal expansion coefficient in a prescribed direction. The results of both examples expand our knowledge about the range of properties for these metamaterials, and designs for optimal trade-off between thermal and mechanical properties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00366-023-01855-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,17]],"date-time":"2023-06-17T10:01:57Z","timestamp":1686996117000},"page":"1145-1155","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Thermal\u2013mechanical metamaterial analysis and optimization using an Abaqus plugin"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Ewan","family":"Fong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kimmo","family":"Koponen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sadik","family":"Omairey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Dunning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"1855_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0471784192","volume-title":"Metamaterials: physics and engineering explorations","author":"N Engheta","year":"2006","unstructured":"Engheta N, Ziolkowski RW (2006) Metamaterials: physics and engineering explorations. 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