{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T17:54:27Z","timestamp":1779299667938,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760313600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Engineering with Computers"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00366-025-02215-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T14:58:22Z","timestamp":1760367502000},"page":"4665-4697","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Second-order accurate, maximum principle-preserving, and convergent schemes for the phase-field shape transformation model"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Sheng","family":"Su","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renjun","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junxiang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2215_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1778(199601)7:1<3::AID-VIS131>3.0.CO;2-U","volume":"7","author":"SY Lee","year":"1996","unstructured":"Lee SY, Chwam KY, Hahn J, Shin SY (1996) Image morphing using deformation techniques. J Vis Comput Anim 7(1):3\u201323","journal-title":"J Vis Comput Anim"},{"issue":"8","key":"2215_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1007\/s003710050148","volume":"14","author":"G Wolberg","year":"1998","unstructured":"Wolberg G (1998) Image morphing: a survey. Vis Comput 14(8):360\u2013372","journal-title":"Vis Comput"},{"issue":"2","key":"2215_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2017.2657511","volume":"24","author":"W Yang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yang W (2017) Context-aware computer aided inbetweening. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 24(2):1049\u20131062","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph"},{"key":"2215_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0207(20000110\/30)47:1\/3<29::AID-NME760>3.0.CO;2-X","volume":"47","author":"RW Lewis","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lewis RW, Ravindran K (2000) Finite element simulation of metal casting. Int J Numer Methods Eng 47:29\u201359","journal-title":"Int J Numer Methods Eng"},{"key":"2215_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.camwa.2022.03.018","volume":"113","author":"H Kim","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kim H, Lee C, Kwak S, Hwang Y, Kim S, Choi Y, Kim J (2022) Three-dimensional volume reconstruction from multi-slice data using a shape transformation. Comput Math Appl 113:52\u201358","journal-title":"Comput Math Appl"},{"issue":"2","key":"2215_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1109\/2945.928169","volume":"7","author":"DE Breen","year":"2001","unstructured":"Breen DE, Whitaker RT (2001) A level-set approach for the metamorphosis of solid models. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 7(2):173\u2013192","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph"},{"key":"2215_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Turk G, O\u2019brien JF (2005) Shape transformation using variational implicit functions. In: ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Courses, 2005, 13\u2013es","DOI":"10.1145\/1198555.1198639"},{"issue":"9","key":"2215_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1007\/s00371-006-0054-y","volume":"22","author":"Y Weng","year":"2006","unstructured":"Weng Y, Xu W, Wu Y, Zhou K, Guo B (2006) 2d shape deformation using nonlinear least squares optimization. Vis Comput 22(9):653\u2013660","journal-title":"Vis Comput"},{"issue":"1","key":"2215_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"JAMDSM0010","DOI":"10.1299\/jamdsm.2020jamdsm0010","volume":"14","author":"X Qin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Qin X, Wu T, Liu Y (2020) A surface deformation method based on stiffness control. J Adv Mech Des Syst Manuf 14(1):JAMDSM0010","journal-title":"J Adv Mech Des Syst Manuf"},{"issue":"6","key":"2215_CR10","first-page":"1","volume":"37","author":"L Gao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gao L, Yang J, Qiao YL, Rosin PL, Xu W, Xia S (2018) Automatic unpaired shape deformation transfer. ACM Trans Graph 37(6):1\u201315","journal-title":"ACM Trans Graph"},{"key":"2215_CR11","first-page":"128239","volume":"458","author":"J Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang J, Han Z, Jiang W, Kim J (2023) A fast, efficient, and explicit phase-field model for 3d mesh denoising. Appl Math Comput 458:128239","journal-title":"Appl Math Comput"},{"issue":"3","key":"2215_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/s40314-024-02632-7","volume":"43","author":"X Song","year":"2024","unstructured":"Song X, Xia B, Li Y (2024) An efficient data assimilation based unconditionally stable scheme for Cahn-Hilliard equation. Comput Appl Math 43(3):121","journal-title":"Comput Appl Math"},{"key":"2215_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17422","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-44511-x","volume":"13","author":"J Kim","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kim J, Ahmad S (2023) On the preconditioning of the primal form of TFOV-based image deblurring model. Sci Rep 13:17422","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"11","key":"2215_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27528","DOI":"10.3934\/math.20231408","volume":"8","author":"C Lee","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lee C, Kim S, Kwak S, Hwang Y, Ham S, Kang S, Kim J (2023) Semi-automatic fingerprint image restoration algorithm using a partial differential equation. AIMS Math 8(11):27528\u201327541","journal-title":"AIMS Math"},{"key":"2215_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"034116","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0141316","volume":"35","author":"Q Xia","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xia Q, Sun G, Kim J, Li Y (2023) Multi-scale modeling and simulation of additive manufacturing based on fused deposition technique. Phys Fluids 35:034116","journal-title":"Phys Fluids"},{"key":"2215_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107952","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmecsci.2022.107952","volume":"241","author":"J Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang J, Kim J (2023) Consistent energy-stable method for the hydrodynamics coupled PFC model. Int J Mech Sci 241:107952","journal-title":"Int J Mech Sci"},{"key":"2215_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnum.2024.01.005","volume":"198","author":"B Xia","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xia B, Xi X, Yu R, Zhang P (2024) Unconditional energy-stable method for the Swift-Hohenberg equation over arbitrarily curved surfaces with second-order accuracy. Appl Numer Math 198:192\u2013201","journal-title":"Appl Numer Math"},{"key":"2215_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cam.2023.115319","volume":"433","author":"Q Xia","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xia Q, Liu Y, Kim J, Li Y (2023) Binary thermal fluids computation over arbitrary surfaces with second-order accuracy and unconditional energy stability based on phase-field model. J Comput Appl Math 433:115319","journal-title":"J Comput Appl Math"},{"key":"2215_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.camwa.2024.03.018","volume":"164","author":"X Song","year":"2024","unstructured":"Song X, Xia Q, Kim J, Li Y (2024) An unconditional energy stable data assimilation scheme for Navier-Stokes-Cahn-Hilliard equations with local discretized observed data. Comput Math Appl 164:21\u201333","journal-title":"Comput Math Appl"},{"key":"2215_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcp.2023.112345","volume":"491","author":"J Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang J, Li Y, Kim J (2023) Modified multi-phase diffuse-interface model for compound droplets in contact with solid. J Comput Phys 491:112345","journal-title":"J Comput Phys"},{"issue":"6","key":"2215_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-6160(79)90196-2","volume":"27","author":"SM Allen","year":"1979","unstructured":"Allen SM, Cahn JW (1979) A microscopic theory for antiphase boundary motion and its application to antiphase domain coarsening. Acta Metall 27(6):1085\u20131095","journal-title":"Acta Metall"},{"key":"2215_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aml.2020.106487","volume":"107","author":"H Kim","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kim H, Yoon S, Wang J, Lee C, Kim S, Park J, Kim J (2020) Shape transformation using the modified Allen-Cahn equation. Appl Math Lett 107:106487","journal-title":"Appl Math Lett"},{"key":"2215_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.camwa.2022.06.015","volume":"120","author":"Y Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang Y, Xiao X, Feng X (2022) An efficient maximum bound principle preserving p-adaptive operator-splitting method for three-dimensional phase field shape transformation model. Comput Math Appl 120:78\u201391","journal-title":"Comput Math Appl"},{"key":"2215_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.camwa.2024.09.006","volume":"176","author":"S Ham","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ham S, Kim H, Hwang Y, Kwak S, Wang J, Xu H, Jiang W, Kim J (2024) A novel phase-field model for three-dimensional shape transformation. Comput Math Appl 176:67\u201376","journal-title":"Comput Math Appl"},{"key":"2215_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126067","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2024.126067","volume":"265","author":"G Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang G, Wang M, Meng X, Zheng Y, Cheng S, Wang J (2025) Shape transformation based on the modified Lengyel-Epstein model. Expert Syst Appl 265:126067","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"key":"2215_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matcom.2023.01.016","volume":"207","author":"S Ham","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ham S, Kim J (2023) Stability analysis for a maximum principle preserving explicit scheme of the Allen-Cahn equation. Math Comput Simul 207:453\u2013465","journal-title":"Math Comput Simul"},{"key":"2215_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocs.2023.102114","volume":"72","author":"J Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang J, Xu H, Yang J, Kim J (2023) Fractal feature analysis based on phase transitions of the Allen-Cahn and Cahn-Hilliard equation. J Comput Sci 72:102114","journal-title":"J Comput Sci"},{"key":"2215_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cma.2024.117721","volume":"436","author":"Y Geng","year":"2025","unstructured":"Geng Y, Burkovska O, Ju L, Zhang G, Gunzburger M (2025) An end-to-end deep learning method for solving nonlocal Allen-Cahn and Cahn-Hilliard phase-field models. Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng 436:117721","journal-title":"Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng"},{"key":"2215_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cma.2024.117507","volume":"433","author":"Y Lu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lu Y, Yuan C, Guo H (2025) Convolution tensor decomposition for efficient high-resolution solutions to the Allen-Cahn equation. Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng 433:117507","journal-title":"Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng"},{"key":"2215_CR30","volume":"458","author":"D Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li D, Quan C, Xu J (2022) Stability and convergence of Strang splitting. Part I: scalar Allen-Cahn equation. J Comput Phys 458:111087","journal-title":"J Comput Phys"},{"key":"2215_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enganabound.2023.02.016","volume":"150","author":"Y Choi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Choi Y, Kim J (2023) Maximum principle preserving and unconditionally stable scheme for a conservative Allen-Cahn equation. Eng Anal Bound Elem 150:111\u2013119","journal-title":"Eng Anal Bound Elem"},{"key":"2215_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2024.108327","volume":"139","author":"J Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang J, Kim J (2024) Unconditionally maximum principle-preserving linear method for a mass-conserved Allen-Cahn model with local lagrange multiplier. Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simul 139:108327","journal-title":"Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simul"},{"key":"2215_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcp.2024.113279","volume":"516","author":"W Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang W, Gu X, Cai W, Wang Y (2024) Maximum bound principle preserving additive partitioned Runge-Kutta schemes for the Allen-Cahn equation. J Comput Phys 516:113279","journal-title":"J Comput Phys"},{"key":"2215_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aml.2021.107179","volume":"118","author":"J Feng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Feng J, Zhou Y, Hou T (2021) A maximum-principle preserving and unconditionally energy-stable linear second-order finite difference scheme for allen-cahn equations. Appl Math Lett 118:107179","journal-title":"Appl Math Lett"},{"key":"2215_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aml.2025.109472","volume":"163","author":"Z Cao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cao Z, Weng Z, Zhai S (2025) An effective operator splitting scheme for general motion by mean curvature using a modified Allen-Cahn equation. Appl Math Lett 163:109472","journal-title":"Appl Math Lett"},{"key":"2215_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107822","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2024.107822","volume":"131","author":"S Ham","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ham S, Li Y, Kwak S, Jeong D, Kim J (2024) An efficient and fast adaptive numerical method for a novel phase-field model of crystal growth. Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simul 131:107822","journal-title":"Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simul"},{"key":"2215_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mechrescom.2024.104305","volume":"139","author":"Y Hwang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hwang Y, Ham S, Lee HG, Kim H, Kim J (2024) Numerical algorithms for the phase-field models using discrete cosine transform. Mech Res Commun 139:104305","journal-title":"Mech Res Commun"},{"key":"2215_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107956","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2024.107956","volume":"133","author":"H Kim","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kim H, Kang S, Lee G, Yoon S, Kim J (2024) Shape transformation on curved surfaces using a phase-field model. Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simul 133:107956","journal-title":"Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simul"},{"key":"2215_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105918","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enganabound.2024.105918","volume":"168","author":"S Lai","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lai S, Jiang B, Xia Q, Xia B, Kim J, Li Y (2024) On the phase-field algorithm for distinguishing connected regions in digital model. Eng Anal Bound Elem 168:105918","journal-title":"Eng Anal Bound Elem"},{"key":"2215_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2024.108239","volume":"138","author":"S Lai","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lai S, Xia Q, Kim J, Li Y (2024) Phase-field based modeling and simulation for selective laser melting techniques in additive manufacturing. Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simul 138:108239","journal-title":"Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simul"},{"key":"2215_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcp.2024.113158","volume":"513","author":"Q Xia","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xia Q, Yang J, Kim J, Li Y (2024) On the phase field based model for the crystalline transition and nucleation within the Lagrange multiplier framework. J Comput Phys 513:113158","journal-title":"J Comput Phys"},{"key":"2215_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cma.2024.117138","volume":"429","author":"W Xie","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xie W, Feng J, Xia Q, Kim J, Li Y (2024) Design of the shell-infill structures using a phase field-based topology optimization method. Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng 429:117138","journal-title":"Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng"},{"issue":"1","key":"2215_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/s40314-023-02537-x","volume":"43","author":"J Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang J, Kim J (2023) An adapted energy dissipation law-preserving numerical algorithm for a phase-field surfactant model. Comput Appl Math 43(1):31","journal-title":"Comput Appl Math"},{"key":"2215_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115750","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cam.2023.115750","volume":"443","author":"J Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang J, Li Y, Kim J (2024) Phase-field modeling and linearly energy-stable Runge-Kutta algorithm of colloidal crystals on curved surfaces. J Comput Appl Math 443:115750","journal-title":"J Comput Appl Math"},{"key":"2215_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2024.108503","volume":"142","author":"S Su","year":"2025","unstructured":"Su S, Yang J (2025) Unconditionally stable algorithm with unique solvability for image inpainting using a penalized Allen-Cahn equation. Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simul 142:108503","journal-title":"Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simul"},{"key":"2215_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109782","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcp.2020.109782","volume":"423","author":"L Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen L, Zhao J (2020) A novel second-order linear scheme for the Cahn-Hilliard-Navier-Stokes equations. J Comput Phys 423:109782","journal-title":"J Comput Phys"},{"key":"2215_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-2789(93)90120-P","volume":"63","author":"R Kobayashi","year":"1993","unstructured":"Kobayashi R (1993) Modeling and numerical simulations of dendritic crystal growth. Phys D 63:410\u2013423","journal-title":"Phys D"},{"key":"2215_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7998.1977.tb04204.x","volume":"183","author":"BLB Jonathan","year":"1977","unstructured":"Jonathan BLB (1977) A unity underlying the different zebra striping patterns. J Zool 183:527\u2013539","journal-title":"J Zool"},{"key":"2215_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112873","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcp.2024.112873","volume":"504","author":"Y Zhao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhao Y, Cai D, Yang J (2024) Second-order accurate and unconditionally stable algorithm with unique solvability for a phase-field model of 3d volume reconstruction. J Comput Phys 504:112873","journal-title":"J Comput Phys"},{"key":"2215_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fedkiw R, Stam J, Jensen HW (2001) Visual simulation of smoke. In: Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference on computer graphics and interactive techniques, New York, USA, 12\u201317; pp. 15\u201322","DOI":"10.1145\/383259.383260"},{"key":"2215_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113699","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcp.2024.113699","volume":"524","author":"F Zhu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhu F, Sun K, Zhang G, Yang J (2025) Diffuse-interface modeling and energy-stable numerical framework for the heat transfer-coupled two-phase fluids in contact with solids. J Comput Phys 524:113699","journal-title":"J Comput Phys"}],"container-title":["Engineering with Computers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00366-025-02215-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00366-025-02215-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00366-025-02215-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T12:49:10Z","timestamp":1766062150000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00366-025-02215-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2215"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00366-025-02215-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0177-0667","1435-5663"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0177-0667","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-5663","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 February 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 September 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 October 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}