{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T17:04:12Z","timestamp":1777655052631,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,9]],"date-time":"2012-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328745600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vis Comput"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00371-012-0673-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,8]],"date-time":"2012-02-08T08:55:39Z","timestamp":1328691339000},"page":"41-52","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Rendering realistic spectral bokeh due to lens stops and aberrations"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Jiaze","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Changwen","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaohui","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fanjiang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"673_CR1","volume-title":"Dictionary of Photography and Digital Imaging: The Essential Reference for the Modern Photographer","author":"T. Ang","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ang, T.: Dictionary of Photography and Digital Imaging: The Essential Reference for the Modern Photographer. Watson-Guptill, New York (2002)"},{"key":"673_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139644181","volume-title":"Principles of Optics","author":"M. Born","year":"1999","unstructured":"Born, M., Wolf, E.: Principles of Optics, 7th edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1999)","edition":"7"},{"key":"673_CR3","first-page":"142","volume-title":"Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, ACM SIGGRAPH Abstracts and Applications","author":"J. Buhler","year":"2002","unstructured":"Buhler, J., Wexler, D.: A phenomenological model for bokeh rendering. In: Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, ACM SIGGRAPH Abstracts and Applications, San Antonio, p.\u00a0142 (2002)"},{"key":"673_CR4","unstructured":"Devlin, K., Chalmers, A., Wilkie, A., Purgathofer, W.: Tone reproduction and physically based spectral rendering. Eurographics 2002: State of the Art Reports, pp. 101\u2013123 (2002)"},{"key":"673_CR5","first-page":"42","volume-title":"Graphics Interface","author":"G.F. Evans","year":"1999","unstructured":"Evans, G.F., McCool, M.D.: Stratified wavelength clusters for efficient spectral Monte Carlo rendering. In: Graphics Interface, pp. 42\u201349 (1999)"},{"key":"673_CR6","volume-title":"Optical System Design","author":"R.E. Fischer","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fischer, R.E., Tadic-Galeb, B., Yoder, P.R.: Optical System Design, 2nd edn. McGraw-Hill, New York (2008)","edition":"2"},{"issue":"3","key":"673_CR7","first-page":"33","volume":"27","author":"T. Hachisuka","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hachisuka, T., Jarosz, W., Weistroffer, R.P., Dale, K.: Multidimensional adaptive sampling and reconstruction for ray tracing. ACM Trans. Graph. (Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH Conf.) 27(3), 33 (2008)","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Graph. (Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH Conf.)"},{"key":"673_CR8","first-page":"309","volume-title":"Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, ACM SIGGRAPH","author":"P. Haeberli","year":"1990","unstructured":"Haeberli, P., Akeley, K.: The accumulation buffer: hardware support for high-quality rendering. In: Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, ACM SIGGRAPH, Dallas, pp. 309\u2013318 (1990)"},{"key":"673_CR9","unstructured":"Kass, M., Lefohn, A., Owens, J.: Interactive depth of field using simulated diffusion on a gpu. Technical report, Pixar Animation Studios (2006)"},{"issue":"3","key":"673_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8659.t01-1-00703","volume":"21","author":"C. Kelemen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kelemen, C., Szirmay-Kalos, L., Antal, G., Csonka, F.: A simple and robust mutation strategy for the metropolis light transport algorithm. Comput. Graph. Forum 21(3), 1\u201310 (2002)","journal-title":"Comput. Graph. Forum"},{"key":"673_CR11","first-page":"77","volume-title":"Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, ACM SIGGRAPH Research Posters","author":"K. Kodama","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kodama, K., Mo, H., Kubota, A.: Virtual bokeh generation from a single system of lenses. In: Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, ACM SIGGRAPH Research Posters, Boston, p. 77 (2006)"},{"key":"673_CR12","first-page":"317","volume-title":"Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, ACM SIGGRAPH","author":"C. Kolb","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kolb, C., Mitchell, D., Hanrahan, P.: A realistic camera model for computer graphics. In: Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, ACM SIGGRAPH, Los Angeles, pp. 317\u2013324 (1995)"},{"key":"673_CR13","first-page":"39","volume-title":"Proceedings of Graphics Interface","author":"T.J. Kosloff","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kosloff, T.J., Tao, M.W., Barsky, B.A.: Depth of field postprocessing for layered scenes using constant-time rectangle spreading. In: Proceedings of Graphics Interface, Kelowna, pp. 39\u201346 (2009)"},{"key":"673_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kraus, M., Strengert, M.: Depth-of-field rendering by pyramidal image processing. Computer Graphics Forum 26(3) (2007)","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8659.2007.01088.x"},{"key":"673_CR15","volume-title":"Lens Design","author":"M. Laikin","year":"2001","unstructured":"Laikin, M.: Lens Design, 3th edn. Marcel Dekker, New York (2001)","edition":"3"},{"key":"673_CR16","first-page":"102","volume-title":"Proceedings of International Symposium on Computational Aesthetics in Graphics, Visualization, and Imaging","author":"D. Lanman","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lanman, D., Raskar, R., Taubin, G.: Modeling and synthesis of aperture effects in cameras. In: Proceedings of International Symposium on Computational Aesthetics in Graphics, Visualization, and Imaging, Lisbon, pp. 102\u2013106 (2008)"},{"issue":"5","key":"673_CR17","first-page":"1","volume":"28","author":"S. Lee","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lee, S., Eisemann, E., Seidel, H.P.: Depth-of-field rendering with multiview synthesis. ACM Trans. Graph. (Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH Asia Conf.) 28(5), 1\u20136 (2009)","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Graph. (Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH Asia Conf.)"},{"issue":"3","key":"673_CR18","first-page":"1","volume":"29","author":"S. Lee","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lee, S., Eisemann, E., Seidel, H.P.: Real-time lens blur effects and focus control. ACM Trans. Graph. (Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH Conf.) 29(3), 1\u20137 (2010)","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Graph. (Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH Conf.)"},{"issue":"7","key":"673_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1955","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8659.2008.01344.x","volume":"27","author":"S. Lee","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lee, S., Kim, G.J., Choi, S.: Real-time depth-of-field rendering using point splatting on per-pixel layers. Comput. Graph. Forum 27(7), 1955\u20131962 (2008)","journal-title":"Comput. Graph. Forum"},{"issue":"3","key":"673_CR20","first-page":"37","volume":"18","author":"H.M. Merklinger","year":"1997","unstructured":"Merklinger, H.M.: A technical view of bokeh. Photo Tech. 18(3), 37\u201341 (1997)","journal-title":"Photo Tech."},{"issue":"5","key":"673_CR21","first-page":"140","volume":"28","author":"R.S. Overbeck","year":"2009","unstructured":"Overbeck, R.S., Donner, C., Ramamoorthi, R.: Adaptive wavelet rendering. ACM Trans. Graph. (Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH Asia Conf.) 28(5), 140 (2009)","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Graph. (Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH Asia Conf.)"},{"key":"673_CR22","volume-title":"ACM Transactions on Graphics (Proceedings of the SIGGRAPH conference)","author":"S.G. Parker","year":"2010","unstructured":"Parker, S.G., Bigler, J., Dietrich, A., Friedrich, H., Hoberock, J., Luebke, D., McAllister, D., McGuire, M., Morley, K., Robison, A., Stich, M.: Optix: A general purpose ray tracing engine. In: ACM Transactions on Graphics (Proceedings of the SIGGRAPH conference) (2010)"},{"key":"673_CR23","first-page":"297","volume-title":"Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, ACM SIGGRAPH","author":"M. Potmesil","year":"1981","unstructured":"Potmesil, M., Chakravarty, I.: A lens and aperture camera model for synthetic image generation. In: Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, ACM SIGGRAPH, Dallas, pp. 297\u2013305 (1981)"},{"key":"673_CR24","first-page":"529","volume-title":"Shader X2: Shader Programming Tips and Tricks with DirectX 9","author":"G. Riguer","year":"2003","unstructured":"Riguer, G., Tatarchuk, N., Isidoro, J.: Real-time depth of field simulation. In: Engel, W.F. (ed.) Shader X2: Shader Programming Tips and Tricks with DirectX 9, pp. 529\u2013556. Wordware, Plano (2003)"},{"key":"673_CR25","volume-title":"Modern Lens Design","author":"W.J. Smith","year":"1992","unstructured":"Smith, W.J.: Modern Lens Design. McGraw Hill, New York (1992)"},{"issue":"2","key":"673_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1145\/1516522.1516529","volume":"28","author":"C. Soler","year":"2009","unstructured":"Soler, C., Subr, K., Durand, F., Holzschuch, N., Sillion, F.: Fourier depth of field. ACM Trans. Graph. 28(2), 18 (2009)","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Graph."},{"key":"673_CR27","volume-title":"International Conference on Color in Graphics and Image Processing","author":"Y. Sun","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sun, Y., Fracchia, F.D., Drew, M.S.: Rendering light dispersion with a composite spectral model. In: International Conference on Color in Graphics and Image Processing (2000)"},{"issue":"7","key":"673_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1007\/s003710100116","volume":"17","author":"Y. Sun","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sun, Y., Fracchia, F.D., Drew, M.S., Calvert, T.W.: A spectrally based framework for realistic image synthesis. Vis. Comput. 17(7), 429\u2013444 (2001)","journal-title":"Vis. Comput."},{"issue":"1","key":"673_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01890982","volume":"2","author":"S.W. Thomas","year":"1986","unstructured":"Thomas, S.W.: Dispersive refraction in ray tracing. Vis. Comput. 2(1), 3\u20138 (1986)","journal-title":"Vis. Comput."},{"key":"673_CR30","unstructured":"Veach, E.: Robust Monte Carlo methods for light transport simulation. Ph.D. thesis, Stanford University (1997)"},{"key":"673_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1145\/258734.258775","volume-title":"Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, ACM SIGGRAPH","author":"E. Veach","year":"1997","unstructured":"Veach, E., Guibas, L.J.: Metropolis light transport. In: Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, ACM SIGGRAPH, pp. 65\u201376 (1997)"},{"key":"673_CR32","unstructured":"van Walree, P.: Chromatic aberrations. http:\/\/toothwalker.org\/optics\/chromatic.html"},{"key":"673_CR33","unstructured":"van Walree, P.: Vignetting. http:\/\/toothwalker.org\/optics\/vignetting.html"},{"issue":"4","key":"673_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2003.819861","volume":"13","author":"Z. Wang","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wang, Z., Bovik, A.C., Sheikh, H.R., Simoncelli, E.P.: Image quality assessment: From error visibility to structural similarity. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 13(4), 600\u2013612 (2004)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Image Process."},{"key":"673_CR35","unstructured":"Wikipedia: Bokeh. http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bokeh"},{"key":"673_CR36","unstructured":"Wikipedia: Dispersion (optics). http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dispersion_(optics)"},{"issue":"6","key":"673_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1007\/s00371-010-0459-5","volume":"26","author":"J. Wu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wu, J., Zheng, C., Hu, X., Wang, Y., Zhang, L.: Realistic rendering of bokeh effect based on optical aberrations. Vis. Comput. 26(6), 555\u2013563 (2010)","journal-title":"Vis. Comput."},{"issue":"5","key":"673_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01901281","volume":"4","author":"Y. Yuan","year":"1988","unstructured":"Yuan, Y., Kunii, T.L., Inamoto, N., Sun, L.: Gemstonefire: adaptive dispersive ray tracing of polyhedrons. Vis. Comput. 4(5), 259\u2013270 (1988)","journal-title":"Vis. Comput."},{"key":"673_CR39","unstructured":"ZEMAX: Zemax: software for optical system design. www.zemax.com"}],"container-title":["The Visual Computer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00371-012-0673-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00371-012-0673-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00371-012-0673-4","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,28]],"date-time":"2019-05-28T10:59:29Z","timestamp":1559041169000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00371-012-0673-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,9]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]}},"alternative-id":["673"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00371-012-0673-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0178-2789","1432-2315"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0178-2789","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-2315","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,9]]}}}