{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T04:25:56Z","timestamp":1747196756932,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,3]],"date-time":"2014-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1417564800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vis Comput"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00371-014-1050-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,2]],"date-time":"2014-12-02T19:53:48Z","timestamp":1417550028000},"page":"1697-1708","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Fast depth from defocus from focal stacks"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Stephen W.","family":"Bailey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jose I.","family":"Echevarria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Bobby","family":"Bodenheimer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Gutierrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"1050_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8659.2007.01080.x","volume":"26","author":"S Bae","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bae, S., Durand, F.: Defocus magnification. Comput. Graph. Forum 26(3), 571\u2013579 (2007)","journal-title":"Comput. Graph. Forum"},{"issue":"4","key":"1050_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8659.2011.01996.x","volume":"30","author":"P Bauszat","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bauszat, P., Eisemann, M., Magnor, M.: Guided image filtering for interactive high-quality global illumination. Comput. Graph. Forum 30(4), 1361\u20131368 (2011)","journal-title":"Comput. Graph. Forum"},{"key":"1050_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Calderero, F., Caselles, V.: Recovering relative depth from low-level features without explicit t-junction detection and interpretation. Int. J. Comput. Vis. 104, 1\u201331 (2013)","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-013-0613-4"},{"key":"1050_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cao, Y., Fang, S., Wang, F.: Single image multi-focusing based on local blur estimation. In: Image and graphics (ICIG), 2011 Sixth International Conference on, pp. 168\u2013175 (2011)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIG.2011.35"},{"issue":"9","key":"1050_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3703","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2013.2270086","volume":"22","author":"Y Cao","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cao, Y., Fang, S., Wang, Z.: Digital multi-focusing from a single photograph taken with an uncalibrated conventional camera. Image Process. IEEE Trans. 22(9), 3703\u20133714 (2013). doi: 10.1109\/TIP.2013.2270086","journal-title":"Image Process. IEEE Trans."},{"key":"1050_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Favaro, P.: Recovering thin structures via nonlocal-means regularization with application to depth from defocus. In: Computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR), 2010 IEEE Conference on, pp. 1133\u20131140 (2010)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2010.5540089"},{"key":"1050_CR7","volume-title":"3-D Shape Estimation and Image Restoration: Exploiting Defocus and Motion-Blur","author":"P Favaro","year":"2006","unstructured":"Favaro, P., Soatto, S.: 3-D Shape Estimation and Image Restoration: Exploiting Defocus and Motion-Blur. Springer-Verlag New York Inc, Secaucus (2006)"},{"issue":"3","key":"1050_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2007.1175","volume":"30","author":"P Favaro","year":"2008","unstructured":"Favaro, P., Soatto, S., Burger, M., Osher, S.J.: Shape from defocus via diffusion. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intel. IEEE Trans. 30(3), 518\u2013531 (2008)","journal-title":"Pattern Anal. Mach. Intel. IEEE Trans."},{"issue":"1","key":"1050_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-008-0164-2","volume":"81","author":"SW Hasinoff","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hasinoff, S.W., Kutulakos, K.N.: Confocal stereo. Int. J. Comput. Vis. 81(1), 82\u2013104 (2009)","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Vis."},{"key":"1050_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"He, K., Sun, J., Tang, X.: Guided image filtering. In: Proceedings of the 11th European conference on Computer vision: Part I. ECCV\u201910, pp. 1\u201314. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2010)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-15549-9_1"},{"key":"1050_CR11","unstructured":"Hecht, E.: Optics, Addison-Wesley world student series, 3rd edn. Addison-Wesley (1997)"},{"key":"1050_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hu, H., De Haan, G.: Adaptive image restoration based on local robust blur estimation. In: Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Advanced concepts for intelligent vision systems. ACIVS\u201907, pp. 461\u2013472. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2007)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-74607-2_42"},{"key":"1050_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Knutsson, H., Westin, C.F.: Normalized and differential convolution: Methods for interpolation and filtering of incomplete and uncertain data. In: Proceedings of Computer vision and pattern recognition (\u201893), pp. 515\u2013523. New York City, USA (1993)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.1993.341081"},{"issue":"5","key":"1050_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optlaseng.2012.11.003","volume":"51","author":"IH Lee","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lee, I.H., Shim, S.O., Choi, T.S.: Improving focus measurement via variable window shape on surface radiance distribution for 3d shape reconstruction. Optics Lasers Eng. 51(5), 520\u2013526 (2013)","journal-title":"Optics Lasers Eng."},{"key":"1050_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Levin, A., Fergus, R., Durand, F., Freeman, W.: Image and depth from a conventional camera with a coded aperture. ACM Transactions on Graphics, SIGGRAPH 2007 Conference Proceedings, San Diego, CA (2007)","DOI":"10.1145\/1275808.1276464"},{"key":"1050_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, C., Su, S., Matsushita, Y., Zhou, K., Lin, S.: Bayesian depth-from-defocus with shading constraints. In: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2013 IEEE Conference on, pp. 217\u2013224 (2013). doi: 10.1109\/CVPR.2013.35","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2013.35"},{"key":"1050_CR17","unstructured":"Lin, X., Suo, J., Wetzstein, G., Dai, Q., Raskar, R.: Coded focal stack photography. In: IEEE International Conference on Computational photography (2013)"},{"issue":"5","key":"1050_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2866","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2012.2186144","volume":"21","author":"MT Mahmood","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mahmood, M.T., Choi, T.S.: Nonlinear approach for enhancement of image focus volume in shape from focus. Image Process. IEEE Trans. 21(5), 2866\u20132873 (2012)","journal-title":"Image Process. IEEE Trans."},{"key":"1050_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Malik, A.: Selection of window size for focus measure processing. In: Imaging systems and techniques (IST), 2010 IEEE International Conference on, pp. 431\u2013435 (2010)","DOI":"10.1109\/IST.2010.5548448"},{"key":"1050_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moreno-Noguer, F., Belhumeur, P.N., Nayar, S.K.: Active refocusing of images and videos. In: ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 papers, SIGGRAPH \u201807. ACM, New York, NY, USA (2007)","DOI":"10.1145\/1275808.1276461"},{"key":"1050_CR21","unstructured":"Namboodiri, V., Chaudhuri, S.: Recovery of relative depth from a single observation using an uncalibrated (real-aperture) camera. In: Computer vision and pattern recognition, 2008. CVPR 2008. IEEE Conference on, pp. 1\u20136 (2008)"},{"issue":"8","key":"1050_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1109\/34.308479","volume":"16","author":"S Nayar","year":"1994","unstructured":"Nayar, S., Nakagawa, Y.: Shape from focus. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intel. IEEE Trans. 16(8), 824\u2013831 (1994)","journal-title":"Pattern Anal. Mach. Intel. IEEE Trans."},{"issue":"4","key":"1050_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.1987.4767940","volume":"9","author":"AP Pentland","year":"1987","unstructured":"Pentland, A.P.: A new sense for depth of field. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intel. IEEE Trans. PAMI 9(4), 523\u2013531 (1987)","journal-title":"Pattern Anal. Mach. Intel. IEEE Trans. PAMI"},{"issue":"5","key":"1050_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2012.11.011","volume":"46","author":"S Pertuz","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pertuz, S., Puig, D., Garcia, M.A.: Analysis of focus measure operators for shape-from-focus. Pattern Recognit. 46(5), 1415\u20131432 (2013)","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit."},{"key":"1050_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Petschnigg, G., Szeliski, R., Agrawala, M., Cohen, M., Hoppe, H., Toyama, K.: Digital photography with flash and no-flash image pairs. ACM SIGGRAPH 2004 Papers. SIGGRAPH \u201804, pp. 664\u2013672. ACM, New York, NY, USA (2004)","DOI":"10.1145\/1186562.1015777"},{"key":"1050_CR26","unstructured":"Press, W.H., Teukolsky, S.A., Vetterling, W.T., Flannery, B.P.: Numerical Recipes: The Art of Scientific Computing, 3rd edn. Cambridge University Press (2007)"},{"key":"1050_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shim, S.O., Choi, T.S.: A fast and robust depth estimation method for 3d cameras. In: Consumer Electronics (ICCE), 2012 IEEE International Conference on, pp. 321\u2013322 (2012)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCE.2012.6161887"},{"issue":"3","key":"1050_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1109\/34.368191","volume":"17","author":"M Subbarao","year":"1995","unstructured":"Subbarao, M., Choi, T.: Accurate recovery of three-dimensional shape from image focus. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intel. IEEE Trans. 17(3), 266\u2013274 (1995)","journal-title":"Pattern Anal. Mach. Intel. IEEE Trans."},{"key":"1050_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vaquero, D., Gelfand, N., Tico, M., Pulli, K., Turk, M.: Generalized autofocus. In: IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV\u201911). Kona, Hawaii (2011)","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV.2011.5711547"},{"issue":"3","key":"1050_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007905828438","volume":"27","author":"M Watanabe","year":"1998","unstructured":"Watanabe, M., Nayar, S.: Rational filters for passive depth from defocus. Int. J. Comput. Vis. 27(3), 203\u2013225 (1998)","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Vis."},{"issue":"7","key":"1050_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2012.77","volume":"34","author":"Q Zhao","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhao, Q., Tan, P., Dai, Q., Shen, L., Wu, E., Lin, S.: A closed-form solution to retinex with nonlocal texture constraints. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intel. IEEE Trans. 34(7), 1437\u20131444 (2012)","journal-title":"Pattern Anal. Mach. Intel. IEEE Trans."},{"key":"1050_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou, C., Cossairt, O., Nayar, S.: Depth from diffusion. In: IEEE Conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR) (2010)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2010.5540090"},{"key":"1050_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhuo, S., Sim, T.: On the recovery of depth from a single defocused image. In: X. Jiang, N. Petkov (eds.) Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 5702, pp. 889\u2013897. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg (2009). doi: 10.1007\/978-3-642-03767-2_108 .","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-03767-2_108"},{"issue":"9","key":"1050_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1852","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2011.03.009","volume":"44","author":"S Zhuo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhuo, S., Sim, T.: Defocus map estimation from a single image. Pattern Recognit. 44(9), 1852\u20131858 (2011)","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit."}],"container-title":["The Visual Computer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00371-014-1050-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00371-014-1050-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00371-014-1050-2","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T22:36:59Z","timestamp":1747175819000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00371-014-1050-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,3]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1050"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00371-014-1050-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0178-2789","1432-2315"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0178-2789"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1432-2315"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,3]]}}}