{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T03:34:04Z","timestamp":1769052844984,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,9]],"date-time":"2021-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633737600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,9]],"date-time":"2021-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633737600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CNS-1337722"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNS-1337722"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vis Comput"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00371-021-02302-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,10]],"date-time":"2021-10-10T08:24:40Z","timestamp":1633854280000},"page":"3139-3149","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Efficient ray casting polygonized isosurface of binary volumes"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5286-0067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"James K.","family":"Hahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2302_CR1","first-page":"10","volume":"87","author":"J Amanatides","year":"1987","unstructured":"Amanatides, J., Woo, A.: A fast voxel traversal algorithm for ray tracing. Eurographics 87, 10 (1987)","journal-title":"Eurographics"},{"issue":"4","key":"2302_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1145\/235815.235821","volume":"22","author":"CB Barber","year":"1996","unstructured":"Barber, C.B., Dobkin, D.P., Huhdanpaa, H.: The quickhull algorithm for convex hulls. ACM Trans. Math. Softw. (TOMS) 22(4), 469\u2013483 (1996)","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Math. Softw. (TOMS)"},{"issue":"3","key":"2302_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1145\/566654.566652","volume":"21","author":"D Benson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Benson, D., Davis, J.: Octree textures. ACM Trans. Graph. (TOG) 21(3), 785\u2013790 (2002)","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Graph. (TOG)"},{"issue":"2","key":"2302_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2004.1260765","volume":"10","author":"P Bhaniramka","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bhaniramka, P., Wenger, R., Crawfis, R.: Isosurface construction in any dimension using convex hulls. IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. 10(2), 130\u2013141 (2004)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph."},{"key":"2302_CR5","unstructured":"Chernyaev, E.: Marching Cubes 33: Construction of Topologically Correct Isosurfaces (1995)"},{"key":"2302_CR6","unstructured":"Christensen, P.H., Batali, D.: An irradiance atlas for global illumination in complex production scenes. In: Rendering Techniques, pp. 133\u2013142. Citeseer (2004)"},{"issue":"1","key":"2302_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01900697","volume":"11","author":"D Cohen","year":"1994","unstructured":"Cohen, D., Sheffer, Z.: Proximity clouds-an acceleration technique for 3d grid traversal. Vis. Comput. 11(1), 27\u201338 (1994)","journal-title":"Vis. Comput."},{"key":"2302_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Crassin, C., Neyret, F., Lefebvre, S., Eisemann, E.: Gigavoxels: Ray-guided streaming for efficient and detailed voxel rendering. In: Proceedings of the 2009 Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games, pp. 15\u201322. ACM (2009)","DOI":"10.1145\/1507149.1507152"},{"issue":"4","key":"2302_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1145\/2732197","volume":"47","author":"BR De Ara\u00fajo","year":"2015","unstructured":"De Ara\u00fajo, B.R., Lopes, D.S., Jepp, P., Jorge, J.A., Wyvill, B.: A survey on implicit surface polygonization. ACM Comput. Surv. (CSUR) 47(4), 60 (2015)","journal-title":"ACM Comput. Surv. (CSUR)"},{"issue":"1\u20134","key":"2302_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1023\/B:NUMA.0000049462.70970.b6","volume":"37","author":"LH De Figueiredo","year":"2004","unstructured":"De Figueiredo, L.H., Stolfi, J.: Affine arithmetic: concepts and applications. Numer. Algorithms 37(1\u20134), 147\u2013158 (2004)","journal-title":"Numer. Algorithms"},{"issue":"1","key":"2302_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2008.60","volume":"15","author":"CA Dietrich","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dietrich, C.A., Scheidegger, C.E., Schreiner, J., Comba, J.L., Nedel, L.P., Silva, C.T.: Edge transformations for improving mesh quality of marching cubes. IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. 15(1), 150\u2013159 (2009)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph."},{"key":"2302_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Duff, T.: Interval arithmetic recursive subdivision for implicit functions and constructive solid geometry. In: ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics, vol. 26, pp. 131\u2013138. ACM (1992)","DOI":"10.1145\/142920.134027"},{"issue":"3","key":"2302_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10867651.2002.10487560","volume":"7","author":"SF Frisken","year":"2002","unstructured":"Frisken, S.F., Perry, R.N.: Simple and efficient traversal methods for quadtrees and octrees. J. Graph. Tools 7(3), 1\u201311 (2002)","journal-title":"J. Graph. Tools"},{"key":"2302_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fujimoto, A., Iwata, K.: Accelerated ray tracing. In: Computer Graphics, pp. 41\u201365. Springer (1985)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-4-431-68030-7_4"},{"key":"2302_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fujishiro, I., Maeda, Y., Sato, H.: Interval volume: a solid fitting technique for volumetric data display and analysis. In: Proceedings of the 6th Conference on Visualization\u201995, p. 151. IEEE Computer Society (1995)","DOI":"10.1109\/VISUAL.1995.480807"},{"issue":"2","key":"2302_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1109\/2945.506226","volume":"2","author":"I Fujishiro","year":"1996","unstructured":"Fujishiro, I., Maeda, Y., Sato, H., Takeshima, Y.: Volumetric data exploration using interval volume. IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. 2(2), 144\u2013155 (1996)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph."},{"key":"2302_CR17","unstructured":"Gumin, M.: Wave Function Collapse (2018). https:\/\/github.com\/mxgmn\/WaveFunctionCollapse"},{"issue":"10","key":"2302_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1007\/s003710050084","volume":"12","author":"JC Hart","year":"1996","unstructured":"Hart, J.C.: Sphere tracing: a geometric method for the antialiased ray tracing of implicit surfaces. Vis. Comput. 12(10), 527\u2013545 (1996)","journal-title":"Vis. Comput."},{"key":"2302_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jackson, J.C.: Marching cubes made tangible. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction, pp. 592\u2013597 (2018)","DOI":"10.1145\/3173225.3173313"},{"key":"2302_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ju, T., Losasso, F., Schaefer, S., Warren, J.: Dual contouring of hermite data. In: Proceedings of the 29th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, pp. 339\u2013346 (2002)","DOI":"10.1145\/566654.566586"},{"key":"2302_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kalra, D., Barr, A.H.: Guaranteed ray intersections with implicit surfaces. In: ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics, vol.\u00a023, pp. 297\u2013306. ACM (1989)","DOI":"10.1145\/74334.74364"},{"key":"2302_CR22","unstructured":"Kchapelier: Cellular Automata Voxel Shader (2018). https:\/\/github.com\/kchapelier\/pseudofractals-voxel-shader"},{"key":"2302_CR23","volume-title":"Efficient Sparse Voxel Octrees-analysis, Extensions, and Implementation","author":"S Laine","year":"2010","unstructured":"Laine, S., Karras, T.: Efficient Sparse Voxel Octrees-analysis, Extensions, and Implementation, vol. 2. NVIDIA Corporation, Santa Clara (2010)"},{"issue":"8","key":"2302_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2010.240","volume":"17","author":"S Laine","year":"2011","unstructured":"Laine, S., Karras, T.: Efficient sparse voxel octrees. IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. 17(8), 1048\u20131059 (2011)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph."},{"key":"2302_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lefebvre, S., Hoppe, H.: Perfect spatial hashing. In: ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG), vol. 25, pp. 579\u2013588. ACM (2006)","DOI":"10.1145\/1141911.1141926"},{"key":"2302_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lewiner, T., Lopes, H., Vieira, A.W., Tavares, G.: Efficient implementation of marching cubes\u2019 cases with topological guarantees. J. Graph. Tools 8(2), 1\u201315 (2003)","DOI":"10.1080\/10867651.2003.10487582"},{"key":"2302_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, W., Xiao, X., Hahn, J.: 3d reconstruction and texture optimization using a sparse set of rgb-d cameras. In: 2019 IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV), pp. 1413\u20131422. IEEE (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV.2019.00155"},{"key":"2302_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li,W., Zhao, S., Xiao, X., Hahn, J.: Robust template-based non-rigid motion tracking using local coordinate regularization. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision, pp. 401\u2013410 (2020)","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV45572.2020.9093533"},{"issue":"1","key":"2302_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2003.1175094","volume":"9","author":"A Lopes","year":"2003","unstructured":"Lopes, A., Brodlie, K.: Improving the robustness and accuracy of the marching cubes algorithm for isosurfacing. IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. 9(1), 16\u201329 (2003)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph."},{"key":"2302_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lorensen, W.E., Cline, H.E.: Marching cubes:ACM, : A high resolution 3d surface construction algorithm. In: ACM Siggraph Computer Graphics, vol. 21, pp. 163\u2013169 (1987)","DOI":"10.1145\/37402.37422"},{"issue":"3","key":"2302_CR31","first-page":"66","volume":"7","author":"A Majercik","year":"2018","unstructured":"Majercik, A., Crassin, C., Shirley, P., McGuire, M.: A ray-box intersection algorithm and efficient dynamic voxel rendering. J. Comput. Graph. Techn. (JCGT) 7(3), 66\u201381 (2018)","journal-title":"J. Comput. Graph. Techn. (JCGT)"},{"key":"2302_CR32","first-page":"68","volume":"90","author":"DP Mitchell","year":"1990","unstructured":"Mitchell, D.P.: Robust ray intersection with interval arithmetic. Proc. Graph. Interface 90, 68\u201374 (1990)","journal-title":"Proc. Graph. Interface"},{"issue":"6","key":"2302_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01900830","volume":"10","author":"C Montani","year":"1994","unstructured":"Montani, C., Scateni, R., Scopigno, R.: A modified look-up table for implicit disambiguation of marching cubes. Vis. Comput. 10(6), 353\u2013355 (1994)","journal-title":"Vis. Comput."},{"key":"2302_CR34","volume-title":"Interval Analysis","author":"RE Moore","year":"1966","unstructured":"Moore, R.E.: Interval Analysis, vol. 4. Prentice-Hall, Hoboken (1966)"},{"issue":"3","key":"2302_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1145\/2487228.2487235","volume":"32","author":"K Museth","year":"2013","unstructured":"Museth, K.: VDB: High-resolution sparse volumes with dynamic topology. ACM Trans. Graph. (TOG) 32(3), 27 (2013)","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Graph. (TOG)"},{"issue":"5","key":"2302_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cag.2006.07.021","volume":"30","author":"TS Newman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Newman, T.S., Yi, H.: A survey of the marching cubes algorithm. Comput. Graph. 30(5), 854\u2013879 (2006)","journal-title":"Comput. Graph."},{"issue":"8","key":"2302_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02464333","volume":"11","author":"A Pasko","year":"1995","unstructured":"Pasko, A., Adzhiev, V., Sourin, A., Savchenko, V.: Function representation in geometric modeling: concepts, implementation and applications. Vis. Comput. 11(8), 429\u2013446 (1995)","journal-title":"Vis. Comput."},{"key":"2302_CR38","unstructured":"Revelles, J., Urena, C., Lastra, M.: An efficient parametric algorithm for octree traversal (2000)"},{"issue":"2","key":"2302_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/0146-664X(82)90169-1","volume":"18","author":"SD Roth","year":"1982","unstructured":"Roth, S.D.: Ray casting for modeling solids. Comput. Graph. Image Process. 18(2), 109\u2013144 (1982)","journal-title":"Comput. Graph. Image Process."},{"key":"2302_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tevs, A., Ihrke, I., Seidel, H.P.: Maximum mipmaps for fast, accurate, and scalable dynamic height field rendering. In: Proceedings of the 2008 Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games, pp. 183\u2013190. ACM (2008)","DOI":"10.1145\/1342250.1342279"},{"issue":"1","key":"2302_CR41","first-page":"65","volume":"2","author":"S Woop","year":"2013","unstructured":"Woop, S., Benthin, C., Wald, I.: Watertight ray\/triangle intersection. J. Comput. Graph. Tech. (JCGT) 2(1), 65\u201382 (2013)","journal-title":"J. Comput. Graph. Tech. (JCGT)"},{"key":"2302_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wyvill, B., Guy, A., Galin, E.: Extending the CSG tree. Warping, blending and Boolean operations in an implicit surface modeling system. In: Computer Graphics Forum, vol.\u00a018, pp. 149\u2013158. Wiley Online Library (1999)","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8659.00365"},{"issue":"1","key":"2302_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01901265","volume":"1","author":"G Wyvill","year":"1985","unstructured":"Wyvill, G., Kunii, T.L.: A functional model for constructive solid geometry. Vis. Comput. 1(1), 3\u201314 (1985)","journal-title":"Vis. Comput."},{"issue":"4","key":"2302_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1109\/MCG.1986.276717","volume":"6","author":"G Wyvill","year":"1986","unstructured":"Wyvill, G., Kunii, T.L., Shirai, Y.: Space division for ray tracing in CSG. IEEE Comput. Graph. Appl. 6(4), 28\u201334 (1986)","journal-title":"IEEE Comput. Graph. Appl."}],"container-title":["The Visual Computer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00371-021-02302-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00371-021-02302-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00371-021-02302-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]],"date-time":"2024-09-09T17:10:22Z","timestamp":1725901822000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00371-021-02302-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,9]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2302"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00371-021-02302-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0178-2789","1432-2315"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0178-2789","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-2315","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 September 2021","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 October 2021","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}