{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T04:51:14Z","timestamp":1793335874932,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]],"date-time":"2023-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681171200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]],"date-time":"2023-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681171200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vis Comput"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00371-023-02822-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]],"date-time":"2023-04-11T07:04:41Z","timestamp":1681196681000},"page":"899-917","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["MTCNN++: A CNN-based face detection algorithm inspired by MTCNN"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Soumya Suvra","family":"Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7792-0388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diganta","family":"Sengupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anupam","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atal","family":"Chaudhuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2822_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schroff, F., Kalenichenko, D., Philbin, J.: FaceNet: A unified embedding for face recognition and clustering. In: IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR), Boston, MA, USA, (2015)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2015.7298682"},{"issue":"9","key":"2822_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.3390\/jimaging7090161","volume":"7","author":"AS Sanchez-Moreno","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sanchez-Moreno, A.S., Olivares-Mercado, J., Hernandez-Suarez, A., Toscano-Medina, K., Sanchez-Perez, G., Benitez-Garcia, G.: Efficient face recognition system for operating in unconstrained environments. J. Imag. 7(9), 161\u2013182 (2021)","journal-title":"J. Imag."},{"key":"2822_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, Z., Luo, P., Wang, X., Tang, X.: Deep Learning Face Attributes in the Wild. In: IEEE international conference on computer vision (ICCV), Santiago, Chile, (2015)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2015.425"},{"key":"2822_CR4","volume-title":"FDDB: A Benchmark for Face Detection in Unconstrained Settings","author":"V Jain","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jain, V., Erik, L.M.: FDDB: A Benchmark for Face Detection in Unconstrained Settings. University of Massachusetts, Amherst (2010)"},{"key":"2822_CR5","unstructured":"Viola, P., Jones, M.: Robust real-time face detection. In: eighth IEEE international conference on computer vision. ICCV 2001, Vancouver, BC, Canada, (2001)"},{"issue":"2009","key":"2822_CR6","first-page":"1755","volume":"10","author":"DE King","year":"2009","unstructured":"King, D.E.: Dlib-ml: a machine learning toolkit. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 10(2009), 1755\u20131758 (2009)","journal-title":"J. Mach. Learn. Res."},{"key":"2822_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2019.01.006","volume":"182","author":"Y Jang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jang, Y., Gunes, H., Patras, I.: Registration-free Face-SSD: Single shot analysis of smiles, facial attributes, and affect in the wild. Comput. Vis. Image Underst. 182, 17\u201329 (2019)","journal-title":"Comput. Vis. Image Underst."},{"key":"2822_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1007\/s00371-020-01831-7","volume":"37","author":"W Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen, W., Huang, H., Peng, S., Zhou, C., Zhang, C.: YOLO-face: a real-time face detector. Vis. Comput. 37, 805\u2013813 (2021)","journal-title":"Vis. Comput."},{"key":"2822_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guo, Q., Wang, Z., Fan, D.: Multi-face Recognition. In: 13th international congress on image and signal processing, BioMedical engineering and informatics (CISP-BMEI), Chengdu, 2020.","DOI":"10.1109\/CISP-BMEI51763.2020.9263565"},{"key":"2822_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moschoglou, S., Papaioannou, A., Sagonas, C., Deng, J., Kotsia, I. Zafeiriou, S.: AgeDB: the first manually collected, in-the-wild age. In: 2017 IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (CVPRW), Honolulu, HI, USA, 2017.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2017.250"},{"key":"2822_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sengupta, S., Chen, J. C., Castillo, C., Patel, V. M., Chellappa, R., Jacobs, D. W.: Frontal to profile face verification in the wild. In: 2016 IEEE winter conference on applications of computer vision (WACV), Lake Placid, NY, USA, (2016)","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV.2016.7477558"},{"key":"2822_CR12","unstructured":"Huang, G. B., Ramesh, M., Berg, T., Miller, E. L.: Labeled faces in the wild: a database for studying face recognition in unconstrained environments. Workshop on Faces in 'Real-Life' Images: Detection, Alignment, and Recognition, Marseille, France, 2008, 10, (2008)"},{"key":"2822_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, S., Luo, P., Loy, C. C., Tang, X.: WIDER FACE: a face detection benchmark. In: 2016 IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR), (2016)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.596"},{"key":"2822_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, W., Liu, C., Su, Z.: Novel Real-time Face Recognition from Video Streams. In: 2017 international conference on computer systems, electronics and control (ICCSEC), Dalian, (2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCSEC.2017.8446960"},{"issue":"5","key":"2822_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2490","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2018.2886790","volume":"28","author":"B Yu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yu, B., Tao, D.: Anchor cascade for efficient face detection. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 28(5), 2490\u20132501 (2019)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Image Process."},{"key":"2822_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiang, J., Zhu, G.: Joint face detection and facial expression recognition with MTCNN. In: 2017 4th international conference on information science and control engineering (ICISCE), Changsha, (2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICISCE.2017.95"},{"issue":"10","key":"2822_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2016.2603342","volume":"23","author":"K Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang, K., Zhang, Z., Li, Z., Qiao, Y.: Joint face detection and alignment using multi task cascaded convolutional networks. IEEE Signal Process. Lett. 23(10), 1499\u20131503 (2016)","journal-title":"IEEE Signal Process. Lett."},{"key":"2822_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, Z., Luo, P., Loy, C. C., Tang, X.: Facial Landmark Detection by Deep Multi-task Learning. In: European conference on computer vision (ECVV) (2014)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-10599-4_7"},{"key":"2822_CR19","unstructured":"Krizhevsky, A., Sutskever, I., Hinton, G. E.: ImageNet Classification with Deep Convolutional,\u201d In: neural information processing systems (NIPS), 15 US-50, Stateline (2012)"},{"key":"2822_CR20","unstructured":"Iandola, F. N., Han, S., Moskewicz, M. W., Ashraf, K., Dally, W. J., Keutzer, K.: SqueezeNet: AlexNet-level accuracy with 50x fewer parameters and 0.5mb model size. In: 5th international conference on learning representations, Toulon, (2017)"},{"key":"2822_CR21","unstructured":"Simonyan, K., Zisserman, A.: Very deep convolutional networks for large-scale image recognition,\u201d In: 3rd international conference on learning representations (ICLR 2015), San Diego (2015)"},{"key":"2822_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Szegedy, C., Liu, W., Jia, Y., Sermanet, P., Reed, S., Anguelov, D., Erhan, D., Vanhoucke, V., Rabinovich, A.: Going deeper with convolutions. In: proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, (2015)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2015.7298594"},{"key":"2822_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Szegedy, C., Vanhoucke, V., Ioffe, S., Shlens, J.: Rethinking the inception architecture for computer vision. In: arXiv preprint arXiv:1512.00567, (2015)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.308"},{"key":"2822_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chollet, F.: Xception: Deep Learning with Depthwise Separable Convolutions. In: 2017 IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR) (2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.195"},{"key":"2822_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K. He, X. Zhang, S. Ren and J. Sun, Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition. In: 2016 IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR), Las Vegas (2016)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.90"},{"key":"2822_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang, G., Liu, Z., Maaten, L. V. D.: Densely Connected Convolutional Networks. In: 2017 IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR), Honolulu, (2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.243"},{"key":"2822_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ma, M., Wang, J.: Multi-View Face Detection and Landmark Localization Based on MTCNN. In: 2018 Chinese Automation Congress (CAC), Xi\u2019an (2018)","DOI":"10.1109\/CAC.2018.8623535"},{"key":"2822_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E. Jose, G. M, S. M. H., M. H. T. P.: Face Recognition Based Surveillance System Using FACENET and MTCNN on Jetson TX2. In: 2019 5th international conference on advanced computing & communication systems (ICACCS), Coimbatore, (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICACCS.2019.8728466"},{"key":"2822_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gunawan, A., Widyantoro, D. H.: Key frame extraction with face biometric features in multi-shot human re-identification system. In: ICACSIS 2019, Bali (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICACSIS47736.2019.8979799"},{"key":"2822_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, H., Kim, H., Hwang, E.: Real-time facial feature extraction scheme using cascaded networks. In: 2019 IEEE international conference on big data and smart computing (Big Comp), Kyoto, (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/BIGCOMP.2019.8679316"},{"key":"2822_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ji, VS., Wang, K., Peng, X., Yang, J., Zeng, Z. Qiao, Y.: Multiple transfer learning and multi-label balanced training strategies for facial au detection in the wild. In: 2020 IEEE\/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (CVPRW), Seattle (2020)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW50498.2020.00215"},{"key":"2822_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ghofrani, A., Toroghi, R. M., Ghanbari, S.: Realtime face-detection and emotion recognition using MTCNN and miniShuffleNet V2. In: 2019 5th conference on knowledge based engineering and innovation (KBEI), Tehran (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/KBEI.2019.8734924"},{"key":"2822_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5573","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3046715","volume":"9","author":"N Zhou","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhou, N., Liang, R.Y., Shi, W.Q.: A lightweight convolutional neural network for real-time facial expression detection. IEEE Access 9, 5573\u20135584 (2021)","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"2822_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nagarajan, B., Oruganti, V. R. M.: Group emotion recognition in adverse face detection. In: 2019 14th IEEE international conference on automatic face & gesture recognition (FG 2019), Lille, (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/FG.2019.8756553"},{"issue":"3","key":"2822_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1007\/s00371-020-01814-8","volume":"37","author":"S Gupta","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gupta, S., Thakur, K., Kumar, M.: 2D-human face recognition using SIFT and SURF descriptors of face\u2019s feature regions. Vis. Comput. 37(3), 447\u2013456 (2021)","journal-title":"Vis. Comput."},{"key":"2822_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1007\/s00371-018-1494-x","volume":"34","author":"U Hassan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hassan, U., Ahmad, A.-D.: Is gender encoded in the smile? A computational framework for the analysis of the smile driven dynamic face for gender recognition. Vis. Comput. 34, 1243\u20131254 (2018)","journal-title":"Vis. Comput."},{"key":"2822_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.1007\/s00371-020-01925-2","volume":"37","author":"L Ying","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ying, L., Dinghua, S., Fuping, W., Pang, L.K., Kiang, C.T., Yi, L.: Learning wavelet coefficients for face super-resolution. Vis. Comput. 37, 1613\u20131622 (2021)","journal-title":"Vis. Comput."},{"key":"2822_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shu, X., Tang, J., Lai, H., Liu, L., Yan, S.: Personalized age progression with aging dictionary. In: IEEE international conference on computer vision (ICCV), Santiago: Chile (2015)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2015.452"},{"issue":"4","key":"2822_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2017.2705122","volume":"40","author":"X Shu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shu, X., Tang, J., Li, Z., Lai, H., Zhang, L., Yan, S.: Personalized age progression with Bi-level aging dictionary learning. IEEE Trans. Patt. Anal. Mach. Intell. 40(4), 905\u2013917 (2018)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Patt. Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"issue":"7","key":"2822_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2023","DOI":"10.1007\/s00371-020-01960-z","volume":"37","author":"E Ali","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ali, E., Hassan, U.: A framework for facial age progression and regression using exemplar face templates. Vis. Comput. 37(7), 2023\u20132038 (2021)","journal-title":"Vis. Comput."},{"issue":"128017","key":"2822_CR41","first-page":"1","volume":"605","author":"CY Wu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wu, C.Y., Huang, F., Dai, J.Y., Zhou, N.R.: Quantum SUSAN edge detection based on double chains quantum genetic algorithm. Phys. A 605(128017), 1 (2022)","journal-title":"Phys. A"},{"key":"2822_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116891","DOI":"10.1016\/j.image.2022.116891","volume":"110","author":"NR Zhou","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhou, N.R., Zhang, T.F., Xie, X.W., Wu, J.Y.: Hybrid quantum\u2013classical generative adversarial networks for image generation via learning discrete distribution. Signal Process. Image Commun. 110, 116891 (2023)","journal-title":"Signal Process. Image Commun."},{"key":"2822_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1007\/s10773-021-04747-7","volume":"60","author":"NR Zhou","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhou, N.R., Liu, X.X., Chen, Y.L., Du, N.S.: Quantum K-nearest-neighbor image classification algorithm based on K-L transform. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 60, 1209\u20131224 (2021)","journal-title":"Int. J. Theor. Phys."},{"key":"2822_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126907","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physa.2022.126907","volume":"593","author":"LH Gong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gong, L.H., Xiang, L.Z., Liu, S.H., Zhou, N.R.: Born machine model based on matrix product state quantum circuit. Phys. A Statist. Mechan. Appl. 593, 126907 (2022)","journal-title":"Phys. A Statist. Mechan. Appl."},{"key":"2822_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, X., Yang, Y., Zhang, L., Li, W., Dang, S., Wang, P., Zhu, M.: Research on facial expression recognition algorithm based on convolutional neural network. In: 2019 28th wireless and optical communications conference (WOCC), Beijing, (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/WOCC.2019.8770616"},{"key":"2822_CR46","unstructured":"Lucena, J. O. D., Lima, J. P., Thomas, D., Teichrieb, V.:Real-time facial motion capture using RGB-D images under complex motion and occlusions. In: 21st Symposium on Virtual and Augmented Reality (SVR), Rio de Janeiro, (2019)"},{"key":"2822_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chou, K. Y., Cheng, W. Y., Chen, W. R., Chen, Y. P.: Multi-task cascaded and densely connected convolutional networks applied to human face detection and facial expression recognition system. In: international automatic control conference (CACS), Keelung, (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/CACS47674.2019.9024357"},{"issue":"2","key":"2822_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/s00371-020-01794-9","volume":"37","author":"H Ben Fredj","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ben Fredj, H., Bouguezzi, S., Souani, C.: Face recognition in unconstrained environment with CNN. Visual Comput. 37(2), 217\u2013226 (2021)","journal-title":"Visual Comput."},{"key":"2822_CR49","first-page":"22","volume":"20","author":"H Boughanem","year":"2022","unstructured":"Boughanem, H., Ghazouani, H., Barhoumi, W.: Multichannel convolutional neural network for human emotion recognition from in-the-wild facial expressions. Visual Comput. 20, 22\u201352 (2022)","journal-title":"Visual Comput."},{"key":"2822_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gyawali, D., Pokharel, P., Chauhan A., Shakya, S. C.: Age range estimation using MTCNN and VGG-face model. In: 11th IEEE international conference on computing, communication and networking technologies (ICCCNT), Kharagpur (2020)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCCNT49239.2020.9225443"},{"key":"2822_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rusli, M. H., Sjarif, N. N. A., Yuhaniz, S. S., Kok S., Kadir, M. S.: Evaluating the masked and unmasked face with LeNet algorithm. In: 2021 IEEE 17th international colloquium on signal processing & its applications (CSPA), Langkawi, (2021)","DOI":"10.1109\/CSPA52141.2021.9377283"},{"key":"2822_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ejaz, M. S., Islam, M. R.: Masked face recognition using convolutional neural network. In: 2019 international conference on sustainable technologies for, Dhaka, (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/STI47673.2019.9068044"},{"key":"2822_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"HE, J.: Performance analysis of facial recognition: a critical review through glass factor. In: 2021 2nd international conference on computing and data science (CDS), Stanford (2021)","DOI":"10.1109\/CDS52072.2021.00080"},{"key":"2822_CR54","unstructured":"Asmara, R. A., Ridwan, M., Budiprasetyo, G.: Haar cascade and convolutional neural network face detection in client-side for cloud computing face recognition. In: 2021 international conference on electrical and information technology (IEIT), Malang: Indonesia (2021)"},{"key":"2822_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sikder, J., Chakma, R., Chakma, R. J., Das, U. K.: Intelligent face detection and recognition system. In: 2021 international conference on intelligent technologies (CONIT), India: Hubli (2021)","DOI":"10.1109\/CONIT51480.2021.9498291"},{"key":"2822_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ali, N., Hasan, I., \u00d6zyer, T. Alhajj, R.: Driver drowsiness detection by employing CNN and Dlib. In: 2021 22nd international Arab conference on information technology (ACIT), Oman: Muscat (2021)","DOI":"10.1109\/ACIT53391.2021.9677197"},{"key":"2822_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arunraja, A., Prasath, C. A., Dhanush, A., Harshavardhan, K. S.: Design of Open CV, EAR algorithm and DLib Library for smart home controller. In: 2022 6th international conference on computing methodologies and communication (ICCMC), India: Erode (2022)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCMC53470.2022.9754017"},{"key":"2822_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guravaiah, K., Rithika, G., Raju S. S.: HomeID: home visitors recognition using internet of things and deep learning algorithms. In: 2022 international conference on innovative trends in information technology (ICITIIT), India: Kottayam (2021)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICITIIT54346.2022.9744223"},{"key":"2822_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Enadula, S. M., Enadula, A. S. Burri, R. D.: Recognition of Student Emotions in an Online Education System. In: 2021 fourth international conference on electrical, computer and communication technologies (ICECCT). India: Erode (2021)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICECCT52121.2021.9616788"}],"container-title":["The Visual Computer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00371-023-02822-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00371-023-02822-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00371-023-02822-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,23]],"date-time":"2024-01-23T19:14:15Z","timestamp":1706037255000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00371-023-02822-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}},"alternative-id":["2822"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00371-023-02822-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0178-2789","1432-2315"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0178-2789","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-2315","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 February 2023","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 April 2023","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no conflict of interest in this study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}