{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T18:43:36Z","timestamp":1776883416142,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748390400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748390400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"Special Foundation for Interdisciplinary Talent Training in \"AI Empowered Psychology \/ Education\" of the School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University","award":["2024JCRC-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024JCRC-03"]}]},{"name":"Special Foundation for Interdisciplinary Talent Training in \"AI Empowered Psychology \/ Education\" of the School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University","award":["2024JCRC-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024JCRC-03"]}]},{"name":"Doctoral Research and Innovation Foundation of the School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University","award":["2023KYCX-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023KYCX-03"]}]},{"name":"National Innovative Training Program for College Students of Jingdezhen Ceramic University","award":["202410408028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202410408028"]}]},{"name":"Jiangxi Provincial Innovative Training Program for College Students of Jingdezhen Ceramic University","award":["S202410408033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S202410408033"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vis Comput"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00371-025-03946-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T13:15:11Z","timestamp":1748438111000},"page":"6453-6464","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["MAS-KCL: knowledge component graph structure learning with large language model-based agentic workflow"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Yuan-Hao","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Kezong","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Zi-Wei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yuang","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Tian-Yi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jiayi","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"3946_CR1","unstructured":"All\u00e8gre, O., Yessad, A., Luengo, V.: Discovering prerequisite relationships between knowledge components from an interpretable learner model. In: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, pp. 490\u2013496 (2023)"},{"issue":"1","key":"3946_CR2","first-page":"200","volume":"17","author":"B Berrett","year":"2012","unstructured":"Berrett, B., Murphy, J., Sullivan, J.: Administrator insights and reflections: technology integration in schools. Qual. Rep. 17(1), 200\u2013221 (2012)","journal-title":"Qual. Rep."},{"key":"3946_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carmona, C., Mill\u00e1n, E., P\u00e9rez-de-la Cruz, J.L., Trella, M., Conejo, R.: Introducing prerequisite relations in a multi-layered bayesian student model. In: User Modeling 2005: 10th International Conference, UM 2005, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK, July 24-29, 2005. Proceedings 10, pp. 347\u2013356. Springer (2005)","DOI":"10.1007\/11527886_46"},{"key":"3946_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, X., Yao, Y., Guan, Z., Li, C., Guan, J., Pu, J., Liu, R., Sheng, B., Yin, S., Qin, Y.: Dsts-gf: a dual-stream temporal\u2013spatial transformer with gated fusion for the classification of obstructive sleep apnea. The Visual Computer pp. 1\u201313 (2025)","DOI":"10.1007\/s00371-025-03856-2"},{"key":"3946_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1021258506583","volume":"12","author":"C Conati","year":"2002","unstructured":"Conati, C., Gertner, A., Vanlehn, K.: Using Bayesian networks to manage uncertainty in student modeling. User Model. User-Adap. Inter. 12, 371\u2013417 (2002)","journal-title":"User Model. User-Adap. Inter."},{"key":"3946_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1007\/s11257-006-9016-3","volume":"16","author":"MC Desmarais","year":"2006","unstructured":"Desmarais, M.C., Meshkinfam, P., Gagnon, M.: Learned student models with item to item knowledge structures. User Model. User-Adap. Inter. 16, 403\u2013434 (2006)","journal-title":"User Model. User-Adap. Inter."},{"issue":"3","key":"3946_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1007\/s12564-024-09980-3","volume":"25","author":"Y Feng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Feng, Y.: Introduction to causal graphs for education researchers. Asia Pac. Educ. Rev. 25(3), 595\u2013609 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12564-024-09980-3","journal-title":"Asia Pac. Educ. Rev."},{"key":"3946_CR8","unstructured":"Gong, W., Pawlowski, N., Smith, D., Wang, Z., Jennings, J., Barton, C., Woodhead, S., Zhang, C.: Instructions and guide: Causal insights for learning paths in education (2022). https:\/\/eedi.com\/projects\/neurips-2022"},{"key":"3946_CR9","unstructured":"Gong, W., Pawlowski, N., Smith, D., Wang, Z., Jennings, J., Barton, C., Woodhead, S., Zhang, C.: Neurips 2022 causalml challenge: causal insights for learning paths in education (2022). https:\/\/codalab.lisn.upsaclay.fr\/competitions\/5626"},{"issue":"9","key":"3946_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11401","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-023-11633-8","volume":"28","author":"X He","year":"2023","unstructured":"He, X., Fang, J., Cheng, H.N.H., Men, Q., Li, Y.: Investigating online learners\u2019 knowledge structure patterns by concept maps: a clustering analysis approach. Educ. Inf. Technol. 28(9), 11401\u201311422 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-023-11633-8","journal-title":"Educ. Inf. Technol."},{"key":"3946_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2019.02.028","volume":"97","author":"AA Heidari","year":"2019","unstructured":"Heidari, A.A., Mirjalili, S., Faris, H., Aljarah, I., Mafarja, M., Chen, H.: Harris hawks optimization: algorithm and applications. Futur. Gener. Comput. Syst. 97, 849\u2013872 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.future.2019.02.028","journal-title":"Futur. Gener. Comput. Syst."},{"issue":"8","key":"3946_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3647","DOI":"10.1007\/s00371-023-02938-3","volume":"39","author":"S Huang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Huang, S., Liu, X., Tan, T., Hu, M., Wei, X., Chen, T., Sheng, B.: Transmrsr: transformer-based self-distilled generative prior for brain MRI super-resolution. Vis. Comput. 39(8), 3647\u20133659 (2023)","journal-title":"Vis. Comput."},{"key":"3946_CR13","unstructured":"Jiang, Y.H., Li, R., Wei, Y., Jia, R., Shao, X., Hu, H., Jiang, B.: Synchronizing Verbal Responses and Board Writing for Multimodal Math Instruction with LLMs. In: The 4th Workshop on Mathematical Reasoning and AI at NeurIPS\u201924, pp. 46\u201359. Neural Information Processing Systems Foundation, Vancouver, Canada (2024). https:\/\/openreview.net\/forum?id=esbIrV8N12"},{"key":"3946_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jiang, Y.H., Li, R., Zhou, Y., Qi, C., Hu, H., Wei, Y., Jiang, B., Wu, Y.: AI agent for education: von Neumann multi-agent system framework. Global Chinese Conference on Computers in Education, Chongqing, China (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.2501.00083","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2501.00083"},{"issue":"4","key":"3946_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1109\/TLT.2017.2689017","volume":"10","author":"T K\u00e4ser","year":"2017","unstructured":"K\u00e4ser, T., Klingler, S., Schwing, A.G., Gross, M.: Dynamic Bayesian networks for student modeling. IEEE Trans. Learn. Technol. 10(4), 450\u2013462 (2017)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Learn. Technol."},{"issue":"2","key":"3946_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3289","DOI":"10.3233\/JIFS-189369","volume":"40","author":"R Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li, R.: An artificial intelligence agent technology based web distance education system. J. Intell. Fuzzy Syst. 40(2), 3289\u20133299 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/JIFS-189369","journal-title":"J. Intell. Fuzzy Syst."},{"key":"3946_CR17","unstructured":"Li, R., Jiang, Y.H., Wang, Y., Hu, H., Jiang, B.: A Large Language Model-Enabled Solution for the Automatic Generation of Situated Multiple-Choice Math Questions. In: Conference Proceedings of the 28th Global Chinese Conference on Computers in Education (GCCCE 2024), pp. 130\u2013136. Chongqing, China (2024). http:\/\/gccce2024.swu.edu.cn\/GCCCE2024_gongzuofanglunwenji2024-06-23A.pdf#page=148"},{"key":"3946_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2020.08.032","volume":"419","author":"S Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li, S., Wang, H., Pan, R., Mao, M.: Memorypath: a deep reinforcement learning framework for incorporating memory component into knowledge graph reasoning. Neurocomputing 419, 273\u2013286 (2021)","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"},{"issue":"1","key":"3946_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103913","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2024.103913","volume":"62","author":"X Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li, X., Guo, S., Wu, J., Zheng, C.: An interpretable polytomous cognitive diagnosis framework for predicting examinee performance. Inf. Process. Manag. 62(1), 103913 (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ipm.2024.103913","journal-title":"Inf. Process. Manag."},{"key":"3946_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/su16166871","author":"TY Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu, T.Y., Jiang, Y.H., Wei, Y., Wang, X., Huang, S., Dai, L.: Educational practices and algorithmic framework for promoting sustainable development in education by identifying real-world learning paths. Sustainability (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su16166871","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"2","key":"3946_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3694966","volume":"57","author":"L Meng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Meng, L., Shao, Y., Yuan, L., Lai, L., Cheng, P., Li, X., Yu, W., Zhang, W., Lin, X., Zhou, J.: A survey of distributed graph algorithms on massive graphs. ACM Comput. Surv. 57(2), 1\u201339 (2024)","journal-title":"ACM Comput. Surv."},{"key":"3946_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Meng, L., Yuan, L., Chen, Z., Lin, X., Yang, S.: Index-based Structural Clustering on Directed Graphs. In: 2022 IEEE 38th International Conference on Data Engineering (ICDE), pp. 2831\u20132844 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICDE53745.2022.00257","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDE53745.2022.00257"},{"key":"3946_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Meng, L., Yuan, L., Lin, X., Li, C., Wang, K., Zhang, W.: Counting Butterflies over Streaming Bipartite Graphs with Duplicate Edges (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.2412.11488","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2412.11488"},{"key":"3946_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2020.107050","volume":"152","author":"A Mohammadi-Balani","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mohammadi-Balani, A., Dehghan Nayeri, M., Azar, A., Taghizadeh-Yazdi, M.: Golden eagle optimizer: a nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithm. Comput. Ind. Eng. 152, 107050 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cie.2020.107050","journal-title":"Comput. Ind. Eng."},{"key":"3946_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Panichella, A.: An improved pareto front modeling algorithm for large-scale many-objective optimization. In: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference, pp. 565\u2013573. ACM (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3512290.3528732","DOI":"10.1145\/3512290.3528732"},{"key":"3946_CR26","unstructured":"Piech, C., Bassen, J., Huang, J., Ganguli, S., Sahami, M., Guibas, L.J., Sohl-Dickstein, J.: Deep knowledge tracing. Advances in neural information processing systems 28 (2015)"},{"issue":"1","key":"3946_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1007\/s00371-024-03343-0","volume":"41","author":"H Senior","year":"2025","unstructured":"Senior, H., Slabaugh, G., Yuan, S., Rossi, L.: Graph neural networks in vision-language image understanding: a survey. Vis. Comput. 41(1), 491\u2013516 (2025)","journal-title":"Vis. Comput."},{"issue":"4","key":"3946_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-025-01375-y","volume":"9","author":"B Sheng","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sheng, B., Keane, P.A., Tham, Y.C., Wong, T.Y.: Synthetic data boosts medical foundation models. Nat. Biomed. Eng. 9(4), 443\u2013444 (2025)","journal-title":"Nat. Biomed. Eng."},{"issue":"2025","key":"3946_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125723","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2024.125723","volume":"263","author":"J Shi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shi, J., Zhao, J., Wu, X., Xu, R., Jiang, Y.H., He, L.: Mitigating reasoning hallucination through multi-agent collaborative filtering. Expert Syst. Appl. 263(2025), 125723 (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eswa.2024.125723","journal-title":"Expert Syst. Appl."},{"issue":"4","key":"3946_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2722","DOI":"10.3390\/make6040130","volume":"6","author":"H Shokouhinejad","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shokouhinejad, H., Razavi-Far, R., Higgins, G., Ghorbani, A.A.: Node-centric pruning: a novel graph reduction approach. Mach. Learn. Knowl. Extract. 6(4), 2722\u20132737 (2024)","journal-title":"Mach. Learn. Knowl. Extract."},{"issue":"2","key":"3946_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1080\/14703290600650368","volume":"43","author":"JM Spector","year":"2024","unstructured":"Spector, J.M.: A methodology for assessing learning in complex and ill-Structured task domains. Innov. Educ. Teach. Int. 43(2), 109\u2013120 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14703290600650368","journal-title":"Innov. Educ. Teach. Int."},{"issue":"6","key":"3946_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4081","DOI":"10.1007\/s00371-024-03647-1","volume":"41","author":"L Sun","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sun, L., Yan, J., Qiu, Y., Qin, W.: The crowd cooperation approach for formation maintenance and collision avoidance using multi-agent deep reinforcement learning. Vis. Comput. 41(6), 4081\u20134095 (2025)","journal-title":"Vis. Comput."},{"issue":"4","key":"3946_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1109\/MCI.2017.2742868","volume":"12","author":"Y Tian","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tian, Y., Cheng, R., Zhang, X., Jin, Y.: Platemo: a matlab platform for evolutionary multi-objective optimization [educational forum]. IEEE Comput. Intell. Mag. 12(4), 73\u201387 (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/MCI.2017.2742868","journal-title":"IEEE Comput. Intell. Mag."},{"issue":"9","key":"3946_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5880","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.2019.2956288","volume":"51","author":"Y Tian","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tian, Y., He, C., Cheng, R., Zhang, X.: A multistage evolutionary algorithm for better diversity preservation in multiobjective optimization. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybernet. Syst. 51(9), 5880\u20135894 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TSMC.2019.2956288","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybernet. Syst."},{"issue":"1","key":"3946_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/s10763-012-9390-8","volume":"12","author":"J Wadouh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wadouh, J., Liu, N., Sandmann, A., Neuhaus, B.J.: The effect of knowledge linking levels in biology lessons upon students\u2019 knowledge structure. Int. J. Sci. Math. Educ. 12(1), 25\u201347 (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10763-012-9390-8","journal-title":"Int. J. Sci. Math. Educ."},{"key":"3946_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, J., Wang, J., Li, H., Huang, X., Xia, J., Li, Z., Wu, W., Sheng, B.: Temporal goal-aware transformer assisted visual reinforcement learning for virtual table tennis agent. Vis. Comput. pp. 1\u201315 (2025)","DOI":"10.1007\/s00371-025-03822-y"},{"key":"3946_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.710497","author":"W Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang, W., Tu, Y., Song, L., Zheng, J., Wang, T.: An adaptive design for item parameter online estimation and Q-matrix online calibration in CD-CAT. Front. Psychol. (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.710497","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"3946_CR38","unstructured":"Wei, Y., Zhou, Y., Jiang, Y.H., Jiang, B.: Enhancing explainability of knowledge learning paths: causal knowledge networks. In: Joint Proceedings of the Human-Centric eXplainable AI in Education and the Leveraging Large Language Models for Next Generation Educational Technologies Workshops (HEXED-L3MNGET 2024) co-located with 17th International Conference on Educational Data Mining (EDM 2024), vol. 3840, pp. 9\u201317. International Educational Data Mining Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (2024). https:\/\/ceur-ws.org\/Vol-3840\/HEXED24_paper2.pdf"},{"issue":"5","key":"3946_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2499","DOI":"10.1007\/s11423-023-10241-0","volume":"72","author":"J Weidlich","year":"2024","unstructured":"Weidlich, J., Hicks, B., Drachsler, H.: Causal reasoning with causal graphs in educational technology research. Educ. Tech. Res. Dev. 72(5), 2499\u20132517 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11423-023-10241-0","journal-title":"Educ. Tech. Res. Dev."},{"key":"3946_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wen, Q., Liang, J., Sierra, C., Luckin, R., Tong, R., Liu, Z., Cui, P., Tang, J.: AI for education (AI4edu): Advancing personalized education with LLM and adaptive learning. In: Proceedings of the 30th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, KDD \u201924, pp. 6743\u20136744. Association for Computing Machinery (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3637528.3671498","DOI":"10.1145\/3637528.3671498"},{"key":"3946_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2022.114878","volume":"656","author":"YH Yin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yin, Y.H., Shen, L.C., Jiang, Y.H., Gao, S., Song, J., Yu, D.J.: Improving the prediction of DNA-protein binding by integrating multi-scale dense convolutional network with fault-tolerant coding. Anal. Biochem. 656, 114878 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ab.2022.114878","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"3946_CR42","unstructured":"Yu, J., Wang, Y., Zhong, Q., Luo, G., Mao, Y., Sun, K., Feng, W., Xu, W., Cao, S., Zeng, K.: Mooccubex (2021). https:\/\/lfs.aminer.cn\/misc\/moocdata\/data\/mooccube2\/prerequisites\/math.json"},{"key":"3946_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu, J., Wang, Y., Zhong, Q., Luo, G., Mao, Y., Sun, K., Feng, W., Xu, W., Cao, S., Zeng, K.: MOOCCubeX: a large knowledge-centered repository for adaptive learning in MOOCs. In: Proceedings of the 30th ACM International Conference on Information & Knowledge Management, pp. 4643\u20134652 (2021)","DOI":"10.1145\/3459637.3482010"},{"key":"3946_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yildiz, E.P., \u00c7engel, M., Alkan, A.: Current trends in education technologies research worldwide: Meta-analysis of studies between 2015-2020. World J. Educ. Technol. (2020). http:\/\/acikerisim.subu.edu.tr\/xmlui\/handle\/20.500.14002\/486","DOI":"10.18844\/wjet.v12i3.5000"},{"issue":"2","key":"3946_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1007\/s00371-024-03386-3","volume":"41","author":"Y Zhou","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhou, Y., Chen, X., Li, T., Lin, S., Sheng, B., Liu, R., Dai, R.: Gamnet: a gated attention mechanism network for grading myopic traction maculopathy in oct images. Vis. Comput. 41(2), 1097\u20131108 (2025)","journal-title":"Vis. Comput."},{"key":"3946_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhuang, X., Wu, H., Shen, X., Yu, P., Yi, G., Chen, X., Hu, T., Chen, Y., Ren, Y., Zhang, Y., Song, Y., Liu, B., Lan, M.: TOREE: Evaluating Topic Relevance of Student Essays for Chinese Primary and Middle School Education. In: L.W. Ku, A.\u00a0Martins, V.\u00a0Srikumar (eds.) Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics ACL 2024, pp. 5749\u20135765. Association for Computational Linguistics, Bangkok, Thailand and virtual meeting (2024). https:\/\/aclanthology.org\/2024.findings-acl.342","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2024.findings-acl.342"}],"container-title":["The Visual Computer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00371-025-03946-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00371-025-03946-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00371-025-03946-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T11:05:03Z","timestamp":1751886303000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00371-025-03946-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["3946"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00371-025-03946-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0178-2789","1432-2315"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0178-2789","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-2315","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 April 2025","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 May 2025","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}