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Technology companies are building AI infrastructure at a rapid pace, and these facilities consume vast and growing resources, particularly electricity and water, with significant real and projected climate impacts. There is a need for new research initiatives to support long time horizon efforts to develop energy efficient computing capabilities to support the continued growth of AI infrastructure in a sustainable fashion. Such efficiency is required at both the hardware and software levels.\n                    <jats:italic>Where can industry turn for examples of ultra-low power, energy efficient computing?<\/jats:italic>\n                    We argue here that neurobiological principles offer rich and under-exploited sources of inspiration for energy efficient NeuroAI, and that new partnerships between industry and academia should be developed in this direction.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00422-026-01038-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T18:44:56Z","timestamp":1771872296000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Brain-inspired energy efficient technologies for next-generation artificial intelligence"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"120","author":[{"given":"Hillel J.","family":"Chiel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jay S.","family":"Coggan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Gourav","family":"Datta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jean-Marc","family":"Fellous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"William R. 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