{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T03:17:46Z","timestamp":1740107866586,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646092800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646092800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61571013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61571013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["4143061"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4143061"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Development Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission","award":["KM201710009003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KM201710009003"]}]},{"name":"Great Wall Scholar Reserved Talent Program of North China University of Technology","award":["NCUT2017XN018013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NCUT2017XN018013"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Soft Comput"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-022-06864-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T11:03:21Z","timestamp":1646132601000},"page":"4141-4150","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Automatic lipreading based on optimized OLSDA and HMM"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Yuanyao","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"6864_CR1","first-page":"863","volume":"23","author":"AH Abdelaziz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Abdelaziz AH, Zeiler S, Kolossa D (2015) Learning dynamic stream weights for coupled-HMM-based audio-visual speech recognition. IEEE\/ACM transactions on audio, speech, and language processing. IEEE J Mag 23:863\u2013876","journal-title":"IEEE J Mag"},{"issue":"3","key":"6864_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1090\/S0002-9904-1967-11751-8","volume":"73","author":"LE Baum","year":"1967","unstructured":"Baum LE, Eagon JA (1967) An inequality with applications to statistical estimation for probabilistic functions of Markov processes and to a model for ecology. Bull Am Math Soc 73(3):360\u2013363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1090\/S0002-9904-1967-11751-8","journal-title":"Bull Am Math Soc"},{"issue":"2","key":"6864_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.2140\/pjm.1968.27.211","volume":"27","author":"LE Baum","year":"1968","unstructured":"Baum LE, Sell G (1968) Growth transformations for functions on manifolds. Pacific J Math 27(2):211\u2013227. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2140\/pjm.1968.27.211","journal-title":"Pacific J Math"},{"issue":"1","key":"6864_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1214\/aoms\/1177697196","volume":"41","author":"LE Baum","year":"1970","unstructured":"Baum LE, Petrie T, Soules G, Weiss N (1970) A maximization technique occurring in the statistical analysis of probabilistic functions of Markov chains. Ann Math Stat 41(1):164\u2013171. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1214\/aoms\/1177697196","journal-title":"Ann Math Stat"},{"key":"#cr-split#-6864_CR5.1","unstructured":"Baum LE (1972) An inequality and associated maximization technique in statistical estimation for probabilistic functions of Markov processes. In Inequalities III (Proc. 3rd Symp. Univ. Calif. Los Angeles Calif. 1969"},{"key":"#cr-split#-6864_CR5.2","unstructured":"dedicated to the memory of Theodore S. Motzkin), New York: Academic, 1972, pp 1-8"},{"issue":"24","key":"6864_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8815","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2016.2583260","volume":"16","author":"O Costilla-Reyes","year":"2016","unstructured":"Costilla-Reyes O, Scully P, Ozanyan KB (2016) Temporal pattern recognition in gait activities recorded with a footprint imaging sensor system. IEEE Sens J 16(24):8815\u20138822. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/JSEN.2016.2583260","journal-title":"IEEE Sens J"},{"key":"6864_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fernandez-Lopez A, Martinez O, Sukno F M, et al. (2017) Towards estimating the upper bound of visual-speech recognition: The visual lip-reading feasibility database[C]. In: Proceedings of the 2017. 12th IEEE international conference on automatic face & gesture recognition (FG 2017), Washington, DC, USA, May 30-June 3, 2017. New York: IEEE, 2017 pp 208\u2013205","DOI":"10.1109\/FG.2017.34"},{"issue":"4","key":"6864_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1109\/MIS.2015.97","volume":"31","author":"V Gatteschi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gatteschi V, Lamberti F, Montuschi P, Sanna A (2016) Semantics-based intelligent human-computer interaction. IEEE Intell Syst 31(4):11\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/MIS.2015.97","journal-title":"IEEE Intell Syst"},{"issue":"12","key":"6864_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4765","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2009.2026513","volume":"57","author":"M Gurban","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gurban M, Thiran JP (2009) Information theoretic feature extraction for audio-visual speech recognition. IEEE Trans Signal Process 57(12):4765\u20134776","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Signal Process"},{"key":"6864_CR11","unstructured":"Gutierrez A, Robert Z (2017) Lip reading word classification. Comput Vision-ACCV 2017"},{"key":"6864_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hong X, Yao H, Wan Y, et al. (2006) A PCA based visual DCT feature extraction method for lip-reading. In: Proceedings of the intelligent information hiding and multimedia signal processing, 2006, pp 321\u2013326","DOI":"10.1109\/IIH-MSP.2006.265008"},{"issue":"32","key":"6864_CR13","first-page":"150","volume":"45","author":"HE Jun","year":"2009","unstructured":"Jun HE, Zhang H (2009) LDA based feature extraction method in DCT domain in lip reading. Comput Eng Appl 45(32):150\u2013155","journal-title":"Comput Eng Appl"},{"issue":"1","key":"6864_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-sen.2016.0095","volume":"11","author":"RH Kulkarni","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kulkarni RH, Padmanabham P (2017) Integration of artificial intelligence activities in software development processes and measuring effectiveness of integration. IET Softw 11(1):18\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1049\/iet-sen.2016.0095","journal-title":"IET Softw"},{"key":"6864_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2017.2649838","volume":"5","author":"B-S Lin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lin B-S, Yao Y-H, Liu C-F, Lien C-F, Lin B-S (2017) Development of novel lip-reading recognition algorithm. IEEE Access 5:794\u2013801. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ACCESS.2017.2649838","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"18","key":"6864_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijleo.2014.05.011","volume":"125","author":"SS Morade","year":"2014","unstructured":"Morade SS, Patnaik S (2014) A novel lip reading algorithm by using localized ACM and HMM: tested for digit recognition. Optik 125(18):5181\u20135186. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijleo.2014.05.011","journal-title":"Optik"},{"issue":"24","key":"6864_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5753","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijleo.2015.08.192","volume":"126","author":"SS Morade","year":"2015","unstructured":"Morade SS, Patnaik S (2015) Comparison of classifiers for lip reading with CUAVE and TULIPS database. Optik 126(24):5753\u20135761. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijleo.2015.08.192","journal-title":"Optik"},{"key":"6864_CR18","unstructured":"Potamianos G, Graf HP, Cosatto E (1998) An image transform approach for HMM based automatic lip reading. ICIP, pp 173\u2013177"},{"key":"6864_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2010.09.119","volume":"38","author":"N Puviarasan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Puviarasan N, Palanivel S (2011) Lip reading of hearing impaired persons using HMM. Expert Syst Appl 38:4477\u20134481","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"key":"6864_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rahmani MH, Almasganj F (2017) Lip-reading via a DNN-HMM hybrid system using combination of the image-based and model-based features[C]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 3rd international conference on pattern recognition and image analysis (IPRIA), Shahrekord, Iran, April 19\u201320,2017. New York: IEEE, 2017 pp 195\u2013199","DOI":"10.1109\/PRIA.2017.7983045"},{"issue":"14","key":"6864_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8609","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-015-2774-3","volume":"75","author":"A Rekik","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rekik A, Ben-Hamadou A, Mahdi W et al (2016) An adaptive approach for lip-reading using image and depth data. Multimed Tools Appl 75(14):8609\u20138636","journal-title":"Multimed Tools Appl"},{"issue":"2","key":"6864_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1023\/B:VISI.0000013087.49260.fb","volume":"57","author":"P Viola","year":"2004","unstructured":"Viola P, Jones MJ (2004) Robust real-time face detection. Int J Comput Vision 57(2):137\u2013154. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/B:VISI.0000013087.49260.fb","journal-title":"Int J Comput Vision"},{"issue":"2","key":"6864_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.1967.1054010","volume":"13","author":"A Viterbi","year":"1967","unstructured":"Viterbi A (1967) Error bounds for convolutional codes and an asymptotically optimum decoding algorithm. IEEE Trans Inform Theory 13(2):260\u2013269. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TIT.1967.1054010","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Inform Theory"},{"issue":"12","key":"6864_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1760","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2008.2004924","volume":"18","author":"SL Wang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wang SL, Liew AWC, Lau WH, Leung SH (2008) An automatic lip reading system for spoken digits with limited training data. IEEE Trans Circuits Syst Video Technol 18(12):1760\u20131765. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TCSVT.2008.2004924","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Circuits Syst Video Technol"},{"key":"6864_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu D, Ruan Q (2014) Lip reading based on cascade feature extraction and HMM. ICSP Proceedings, pp 1306\u20131310","DOI":"10.1109\/ICOSP.2014.7015211"},{"key":"6864_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou Z, Zhao G, Pietikainen M, et al. (2011) Towards a practical lip reading system[C]. In: Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR), Colorado Springs, CO, USA, June 20\u201325, 2011. New York: CVPR, 2011 pp 137\u2013144","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2011.5995345"}],"container-title":["Soft Computing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00500-022-06864-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00500-022-06864-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00500-022-06864-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,8]],"date-time":"2022-04-08T16:15:32Z","timestamp":1649434532000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00500-022-06864-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["6864"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00500-022-06864-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-7643","1433-7479"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1432-7643"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1433-7479"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 January 2022","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 March 2022","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"We all declare that we have no conflict of interest in this paper.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}