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Inftech."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lightning flashes are potentially hazardous, albeit locally rare events. Despite this rareness, generalized additive models (GAMs) have succeeded in producing a\u00a0climatology of lightning occurrence for the eastern Alps and surrounding lowlands with an unprecedented resolution of 1\u202f<jats:inline-formula><jats:alternatives><jats:tex-math>$$\\text{km}^{2}$$<\/jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                  <mml:mrow>\n                    <mml:msup>\n                      <mml:mtext>km<\/mml:mtext>\n                      <mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn>\n                    <\/mml:msup>\n                  <\/mml:mrow>\n                <\/mml:math><\/jats:alternatives><\/jats:inline-formula> for each day from April to September based on data from the ALDIS lightning location system (2010\u20132020). This resolution is achieved due to the GAM incorporating information from cells with similar characteristics, such as region, altitude, season, and elevations within the cell. The probability of a\u00a0cloud-to-ground discharge within 1\u202f<jats:inline-formula><jats:alternatives><jats:tex-math>$$\\text{km}^{2}$$<\/jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                  <mml:mrow>\n                    <mml:msup>\n                      <mml:mtext>km<\/mml:mtext>\n                      <mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn>\n                    <\/mml:msup>\n                  <\/mml:mrow>\n                <\/mml:math><\/jats:alternatives><\/jats:inline-formula> on a\u00a0given day during the warmer seasons is typically less than 1%, with a\u00a0rapid increase in spring, followed by a\u00a0plateau in summer and a\u00a0gentle decrease in fall. Early in the season, probabilities are lower in the highest regions but increase once the snow cover is gone, becoming higher than in the valleys. Regional patterns of lightning probability also vary with season. The details are complex, but generally, higher values shift towards the south in the course of the season. Grid cells with a jagged topography have a\u00a0higher probability of lightning.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00502-022-01032-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]],"date-time":"2022-04-29T08:04:31Z","timestamp":1651219471000},"page":"352-360","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Lightning climatology for the eastern Alpine region on the kilometer scale with daily resolution","Ostalpine Blitzklimatologie auf der Kilometerskala in Tagesaufl\u00f6sung"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"139","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3778-7738","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thorsten","family":"Simon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6661-9453","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georg J.","family":"Mayr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"1032_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsr.2017.12.008","volume":"157","author":"M Becerra","year":"2018","unstructured":"Becerra M, Long M, Schulz W et al (2018) On the estimation of the lightning incidence to offshore wind farms. 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