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Therefore, MOBILIZE focuses on the development of a\u00a0reliable portable system with multi-sensor modalities. In case of increased incidents in a\u00a0specific region, the system can be deployed quickly and easily. The development of such a\u00a0system raises questions that represent the main scientific challenges to be explored within MOBILIZE: which combination of sensor technologies is the most suitable to reduce false alarm rates to a\u00a0minimum in practical operation, legal issues such as the changing regulations regarding the usage of drones, usability for the operator, integration into the operational procedures of the railway operators as well as future economic exploitation of the MOBILIZE project. The current paper focuses on the work done on ground-based visual sensors as well as their fusion with other sensors employed within MOBILIZE, and an assessment of their social impact.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00502-023-01154-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T11:04:26Z","timestamp":1693566266000},"page":"590-601","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["MOBILIZE\u2014Maintaining the operational safety and security of large railway systems in emergency situations","MOBILIZE\u00a0\u2013 Aufrechterhaltung der Betriebssicherheit und Absicherung gro\u00dfer Eisenbahnsysteme"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"140","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9080-1255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Schreiber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Bauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1640-5614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Hubner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2101-2188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Litzenberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Opitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Veigl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bettina","family":"Biron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"1154_CR1","unstructured":"MOBILIZE. https:\/\/projekte.ffg.at\/projekt\/4105746"},{"key":"1154_CR2","unstructured":"AVASYS. http:\/\/www.avasys.at\/. 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