{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T21:01:18Z","timestamp":1761598878484,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759708800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/deed.de"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759708800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/deed.de"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012416","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Digitalisierung und Wirtschaftsstandort","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["891132"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["891132"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Carinthia University of Applied Sciences"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Elektrotech. Inftech."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Proximity sensors are indispensable in a\u00a0wide range of industrial applications, particularly in the automation sector where robotic systems play a\u00a0central role. With the growing adoption of robotic automation, there is an increasing demand for advanced robotic end-effectors that require sensors that are not only reliable but also thin, flexible, and conformable to various surfaces. In this work, we present the development of an ultra-thin, flexible capacitive proximity sensor patch. The sensors were initially printed on a\u00a0planar substrate using a\u00a0scalable printing process and subsequently transformed into a\u00a0conformable sensor patch suitable for integration on complex 3D surfaces. The patch consists of a\u00a05\u202f\u00d7\u20091 sensor array, and the array was designed to detect objects approaching from any direction around the sensor. The fabricated sensors are based on a\u00a0single-layer design, making them lightweight and ideal for integration into soft or flexible robotic systems. Proximity response was first evaluated using a\u00a0metal indenter moved across a\u00a00\u20132\u202fmm range, showing clear stepwise transitions at each 0.5\u202fmm interval. The sensor was subjected to 5000 proximity cycles to assess stability, and the results demonstrated highly repeatable signal patterns. This work demonstrates a\u00a0cost-effective and scalable approach for fabricating conformable proximity sensors, well-suited for future robotic and automation applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00502-025-01338-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T15:20:28Z","timestamp":1759764028000},"page":"371-376","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Printed origami-based proximity sensors for integration into three-dimensional objects","Gedruckte Origami-basierte N\u00e4herungssensoren zur Integration in dreidimensionale Objekte"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"142","author":[{"given":"Gidugu Lakshmi","family":"Srinivas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mani Teja","family":"Vijjapu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mathias","family":"Brandst\u00f6tter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"1338_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1599","DOI":"10.1109\/TRO.2021.3111786","volume":"38","author":"SE Navarro","year":"2021","unstructured":"Navarro\u00a0SE, M\u00fchlbacher-Karrer\u00a0S, Alagi\u00a0H, Zangl\u00a0H, Koyama\u00a0K, Hein\u00a0B, Duriez\u00a0C, Smith\u00a0JR (2021) Proximity perception in human-centered robotics: A\u00a0survey on sensing systems and applications. 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