{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T02:12:37Z","timestamp":1773454357746,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,7]],"date-time":"2014-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1412640000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neural Comput &amp; Applic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-014-1743-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,6]],"date-time":"2014-10-06T07:38:52Z","timestamp":1412581132000},"page":"625-640","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["How important is a transfer function in discrete heuristic algorithms"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Shahrzad","family":"Saremi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seyedali","family":"Mirjalili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"1743_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kennedy J, Eberhart R (1995) Particle swarm optimization. In: Proceedings of the IEEE international conference on neural networks, Perth, pp 1942\u20131948","DOI":"10.1109\/ICNN.1995.488968"},{"key":"1743_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1109\/TAP.2004.823969","volume":"52","author":"J Robinson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Robinson J, Rahmat-Samii Y (2004) Particle swarm optimization in electromagnetics. IEEE Trans Antennas Propagon 52:397\u2013407","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Antennas Propagon"},{"key":"1743_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9496(2007)133:3(192)","volume":"133","author":"D Nagesh Kumar","year":"2007","unstructured":"Nagesh Kumar D, Janga Reddy M (2007) Multipurpose reservoir operation using particle swarm optimization. J Water Resour Plan Manag 133:192\u2013201","journal-title":"J Water Resour Plan Manag"},{"key":"1743_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1080\/03052150410001704854","volume":"36","author":"S He","year":"2004","unstructured":"He S, Prempain E, Wu Q (2004) An improved particle swarm optimizer for mechanical design optimization problems. Eng Optim 36:585\u2013605","journal-title":"Eng Optim"},{"key":"1743_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1007\/s10898-007-9149-x","volume":"39","author":"D Karaboga","year":"2007","unstructured":"Karaboga D, Basturk B (2007) A powerful and efficient algorithm for numerical function optimization: artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm. J Glob Optim 39:459\u2013471","journal-title":"J Glob Optim"},{"key":"1743_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dorigo M, Di Caro G (1999) Ant colony optimization: a new meta-heuristic. In: Proceedings of the 1999 congress on evolutionary computation, CEC 99","DOI":"10.1109\/CEC.1999.782657"},{"key":"1743_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1126\/science.220.4598.671","volume":"220","author":"S Kirkpatrick","year":"1983","unstructured":"Kirkpatrick S, Gellatt CD Jr, Vecchi MP (1983) Optimization by simulated annealing. Science 220:671\u2013680","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1743_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2009.03.004","volume":"179","author":"E Rashedi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rashedi E, Nezamabadi-Pour H, Saryazdi S (2009) GSA: a gravitational search algorithm. Inf Sci 179:2232\u20132248","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"1743_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican0792-66","volume":"267","author":"JH Holland","year":"1992","unstructured":"Holland JH (1992) Genetic algorithms. Sci Am 267:66\u201372","journal-title":"Sci Am"},{"key":"1743_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2008.919004","volume":"12","author":"D Simon","year":"2008","unstructured":"Simon D (2008) Biogeography-based optimization. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 12:702\u2013713","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"key":"1743_CR11","unstructured":"Rechenberg I (1994) Evolution strategy. Comput Intellect Imitating Life 1"},{"key":"1743_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008202821328","volume":"11","author":"R Storn","year":"1997","unstructured":"Storn R, Price K (1997) Differential evolution\u2014a simple and efficient heuristic for global optimization over continuous spaces. J Glob Optim 11:341\u2013359","journal-title":"J Glob Optim"},{"key":"1743_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2008.12.004","volume":"37","author":"L Wang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wang L, Pan Q-K, Suganthan P, Wang W-H, Wang Y-M (2010) A novel hybrid discrete differential evolution algorithm for blocking flow shop scheduling problems. Comput Oper Res 37:509\u2013520","journal-title":"Comput Oper Res"},{"key":"1743_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1177\/003754970107600201","volume":"76","author":"ZW Geem","year":"2001","unstructured":"Geem ZW, Kim JH, Loganathan G (2001) A new heuristic optimization algorithm: harmony search. Simulation 76:60\u201368","journal-title":"Simulation"},{"key":"1743_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang L, Xu Y, Mao Y, Fei M (2010) A discrete harmony search algorithm. In: Li K, Li X, Ma S, Irwin GW (eds) Life system modeling and intelligent computing. Communications in computer and information science, vol 98. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 37\u201343","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-15859-9_6"},{"key":"1743_CR16","unstructured":"Tayarani NM, Akbarzadeh TM (2008) Magnetic Optimization Algorithms a new synthesis. In: IEEE Congress on evolutionary computation, 2008. CEC (IEEE world congress on computational intelligence). 2008, pp 2659\u20132664"},{"key":"1743_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mirjalili S, Sadiq AS (2011) Magnetic optimization algorithm for training multi layer perceptron. In: 2011 IEEE 3rd international conference on communication software and networks (ICCSN), pp 42\u201346","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCSN.2011.6014845"},{"key":"1743_CR18","unstructured":"Yang X-S (2010) A new metaheuristic bat-inspired algorithm. In: Gonz\u00e1lez JR, Pelta DA, Cruz C, Terrazas G, Krasnogor N (eds) Nature inspired cooperative strategies for optimization (NICSO 2010). Studies in computational intelligence, vol 284. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 65\u201374"},{"key":"1743_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.7763\/IJMLC.2012.V2.114","volume":"2","author":"S Mirjalili","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mirjalili S, Hashim SZM (2012) BMOA: binary magnetic optimization algorithm. Int J Mach Learn Comput 2:204\u2013208","journal-title":"Int J Mach Learn Comput"},{"key":"1743_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kennedy J, Eberhart RC (1997) A discrete binary version of the particle swarm algorithm. In: IEEE international conference on systems, man, and cybernetics, 1997. Computational cybernetics and Simulation, pp 4104\u20134108","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSMC.1997.637339"},{"key":"1743_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1007\/s11047-009-9175-3","volume":"9","author":"E Rashedi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rashedi E, Nezamabadi-Pour H, Saryazdi S (2010) BGSA: binary gravitational search algorithm. Nat Comput 9:727\u2013745","journal-title":"Nat Comput"},{"key":"1743_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-013-1525-5","volume":"25","author":"S Mirjalili","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mirjalili S, Mirjalili SM, Yang X-S (2014) Binary bat algorithm. Neural Comput Appl 25:663\u2013681","journal-title":"Neural Comput Appl"},{"key":"1743_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2012.09.002","volume":"9","author":"S Mirjalili","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mirjalili S, Lewis A (2013) S-shaped versus V-shaped transfer functions for binary Particle Swarm Optimization. Swarm Evol Comput 9:1\u201314","journal-title":"Swarm Evol Comput"},{"key":"1743_CR24","unstructured":"Sinaie S (2010) Solving shortest path problem using gravitational search algorithm and neural networks. Master, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Systems, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru, Malaysia"},{"key":"1743_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijepes.2011.08.012","volume":"35","author":"B Shaw","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shaw B, Mukherjee V, Ghoshal SP (2012) A novel opposition-based gravitational search algorithm for combined economic and emission dispatch problems of power systems. Int J Electr Power Energy Syst 35:21\u201333","journal-title":"Int J Electr Power Energy Syst"},{"key":"1743_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mirjalili S, Hashim SZM (2010) A new hybrid PSOGSA algorithm for function optimization. In: 2010 international conference on computer and information application (ICCIA), pp 374\u2013377","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCIA.2010.6141614"},{"key":"1743_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amc.2012.04.069","volume":"218","author":"S Mirjalili","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mirjalili S, Mohd Hashim SZ, Moradian Sardroudi H (2012) Training feedforward neural networks using hybrid particle swarm optimization and gravitational search algorithm. Appl Math Comput 218:11125\u201311137","journal-title":"Appl Math Comput"},{"key":"1743_CR28","first-page":"208","volume":"11","author":"H Chen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chen H, Li S, Tang Z (2011) Hybrid gravitational search algorithm with random-key encoding scheme combined with simulated annealing. IJCSNS 11:208","journal-title":"IJCSNS"},{"key":"1743_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Wu L, Zhang Y, Wang J (2012) Immune gravitation inspired optimization algorithm. In: Huang D-S, Gan Y, Bevilacqua V, Figueroa JC (eds) Advanced intelligent computing. Lecture notes in computer science, vol 6838. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 178\u2013185","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-24728-6_24"},{"key":"1743_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hatamlou A, Abdullah S, Othman Z (2011) Gravitational search algorithm with heuristic search for clustering problems. In: 2011 3rd conference on data mining and optimization (DMO), pp 190\u2013193","DOI":"10.1109\/DMO.2011.5976526"},{"key":"1743_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mirjalili S, Lewis A (2014) Adaptive gbest-guided gravitational search algorithm. Neural Comput Appl 1\u201316. doi: 10.1007\/s00521-014-1640-y","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-014-1640-y"},{"key":"1743_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eberhart RC, Kennedy J (1995) A new optimizer using particle swarm theory. In: Proceedings of the sixth international symposium on micro machine and human science, pp 39\u201343","DOI":"10.1109\/MHS.1995.494215"},{"key":"1743_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2006.880326","volume":"13","author":"MR AlRashidi","year":"2009","unstructured":"AlRashidi MR, El-Hawary ME (2009) A survey of particle swarm optimization applications in electric power systems. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 13:913\u2013918","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"key":"1743_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mirjalili S, Lewis A, Sadiq AS (2014) Autonomous particles groups for particle swarm optimization. Arabian J Sci Eng 39(6):4683\u20134697. doi: 10.1007\/s13369-014-1156-x","DOI":"10.1007\/s13369-014-1156-x"},{"key":"1743_CR35","unstructured":"Song M-P, Gu G-C (2004) Research on particle swarm optimization: a review. In: Proceedings of 2004 international conference on machine learning and cybernetics, pp 2236\u20132241"},{"key":"1743_CR36","first-page":"87","volume":"5","author":"Y Wei","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wei Y, Qiqiang L (2004) Survey on Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm. Eng Sci 5:87\u201394","journal-title":"Eng Sci"},{"key":"1743_CR37","unstructured":"Khanesar MA, Teshnehlab M, Shoorehdeli MA (2007) A novel binary particle swarm optimization. In: Mediterranean conference on control and automation, 2007. MED\u201907, pp 1\u20136"},{"key":"1743_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2007.09.005","volume":"32","author":"L-Y Chuang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chuang L-Y, Chang H-W, Tu C-J, Yang C-H (2008) Improved binary PSO for feature selection using gene expression data. Comput Biol Chem 32:29\u201338","journal-title":"Comput Biol Chem"},{"key":"1743_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sudholt D, Witt C (2008) Runtime analysis of binary PSO. In: Proceedings of the 10th annual conference on genetic and evolutionary computation, pp 135\u2013142","DOI":"10.1145\/1389095.1389114"},{"key":"1743_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mirjalili S, Wang G-G, Coelho LdS (2014) Binary optimization using hybrid particle swarm optimization and gravitational search algorithm. Neural Comput Appl 1\u201313. doi: 10.1007\/s00521-014-1629-6","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-014-1629-6"},{"key":"1743_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1109\/4235.771163","volume":"3","author":"X Yao","year":"1999","unstructured":"Yao X, Liu Y, Lin G (1999) Evolutionary programming made faster. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 3:82\u2013102","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"key":"1743_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1080\/00207160108805080","volume":"77","author":"J Digalakis","year":"2001","unstructured":"Digalakis J, Margaritis K (2001) On benchmarking functions for genetic algorithms. Int J Comput Math 77:481\u2013506","journal-title":"Int J Comput Math"},{"key":"1743_CR43","unstructured":"Molga M, Smutnicki C (2005) Test functions for optimization needs. Test Functions for Optimization Needs"},{"key":"1743_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang X-S (2010) Appendix A: test problems in optimization. In: Engineering optimization. Wiley, pp 261\u2013266. doi: 10.1002\/9780470640425.app1","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470640425.app1"},{"key":"1743_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saremi S, Mirjalili S, Lewis A (2014) Biogeography-based optimisation with chaos. Neural Comput Appl 25(5):1077\u20131097. doi: 10.1007\/s00521-014-1597-x","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-014-1597-x"}],"container-title":["Neural Computing and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00521-014-1743-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00521-014-1743-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00521-014-1743-5","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,15]],"date-time":"2019-08-15T21:53:57Z","timestamp":1565906037000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00521-014-1743-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,7]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]}},"alternative-id":["1743"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00521-014-1743-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0941-0643","1433-3058"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0941-0643","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-3058","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,7]]}}}