{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T13:02:22Z","timestamp":1775912542593,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,27]],"date-time":"2019-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neural Comput & Applic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-019-04107-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,28]],"date-time":"2019-02-28T02:58:39Z","timestamp":1551322719000},"page":"6151-6158","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Shear strength prediction of FRP reinforced concrete members using generalized regression neural network"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3117-695X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md Shah","family":"Alam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Uneb","family":"Gazder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"4107_CR1","unstructured":"Weyers RE, Prowell BD, Sprinkel MM, Vorster M (1993) Concrete bridge protection, repair, and rehabilitation relative to reinforcement corrosion: a methods application manual. Strategic Highway Research Program, SHRP-S-360, National Research Council, Washington, DC"},{"key":"4107_CR2","unstructured":"American Concrete Institute (ACI) (2006) Guide for the design and construction of structural concrete reinforced with FRP bars. Technical Committee Document ACI440.1R-06, Farmington Hills, Mich"},{"key":"4107_CR3","unstructured":"ISIS-M03-07 (2007) Reinforcing concrete structures with fibre reinforced polymers. The Canadian network of centers of excellence on intelligent sensing for innovative structures, ISIS Canada, University of Winnipeg, Manitoba"},{"issue":"4","key":"4107_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)1090-0268(2001)5:4(268)","volume":"5","author":"JR Yost","year":"2001","unstructured":"Yost JR, Gross SP, Dinehart DW (2001) Shear strength of normal strength concrete beams reinforced with deformed GFRP bars. J Comp Constr 5(4):268\u2013275","journal-title":"J Comp Constr"},{"key":"4107_CR5","unstructured":"Alam MS. (2010) Influence of different parameters on shear strength of FRP reinforced concrete beams without web reinforcement. Ph.D. Dissertation, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John\u2019s, NL, Canada"},{"issue":"4","key":"4107_CR6","first-page":"427","volume":"99","author":"AK Tureyen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Tureyen AK, Frosch J (2002) Shear test of FRP reinforced concrete beams without stirrups. ACI Struct J 99(4):427\u2013434","journal-title":"ACI Struct J"},{"issue":"2","key":"4107_CR7","first-page":"235","volume":"103","author":"AK El-Sayed","year":"2006","unstructured":"El-Sayed AK, El-Salakawy EF, Benmokrane B (2006) Shear strength of FRP reinforced concrete beams without transverse reinforcement. ACI Struct J 103(2):235\u2013243","journal-title":"ACI Struct J"},{"issue":"12","key":"4107_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9445(1998)124:12(1375)","volume":"124","author":"ACI-ASCE Committee 445 on Shear and Torsion","year":"1998","unstructured":"ACI-ASCE Committee 445 on Shear and Torsion (1998) Recent approaches to shear design of structural concrete. J Struct Eng 124(12):1375\u20131417","journal-title":"J Struct Eng"},{"key":"4107_CR9","unstructured":"Japan Society of Civil Engineers (JSCE) (1997) Recommendations for design and construction of concrete structures using continuous fiber reinforced materials. Research committee on continuous fiber reinforced materials, A. Machida, ed. Tokyo, Japan"},{"key":"4107_CR10","unstructured":"Canadian Standard Association (CSA) (2012) Design and construction of building components with fiber reinforced polymers. CSA S806-12, Rexdale, Ontario, Canada"},{"key":"4107_CR11","unstructured":"British Institution of Structural Engineers (BISE) (1999) Interim guidance on the design of reinforced concrete structures using fiber composite reinforcement. IStructE, SETO Ltd., London"},{"issue":"5","key":"4107_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000342","volume":"17","author":"MS Alam","year":"2013","unstructured":"Alam MS, Hussein A (2013) Unified Shear design method for FRP reinforced concrete members without stirrups. J Comp Constr 17(5):575\u2013587","journal-title":"J Comp Constr"},{"issue":"5","key":"4107_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)1090-0268(2004)8:5(452)","volume":"8","author":"AG Razaqpur","year":"2004","unstructured":"Razaqpur AG, Isgor BO, Greenway S, Shelley A (2004) Concrete contribution to the shear resistance of fiber reinforced polymer reinforced concrete members. J Comp Constr 8(5):452\u2013460","journal-title":"J Comp Constr"},{"issue":"1","key":"4107_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-7439(99)00006-4","volume":"48","author":"Y Chtioui","year":"1999","unstructured":"Chtioui Y, Panigrahi S, Francl L (1999) A generalized regression neural network and its application for leaf wetness prediction to forecast plant disease. Chemometr Intell Lab Syst 48(1):47\u201358","journal-title":"Chemometr Intell Lab Syst"},{"issue":"11\u201312","key":"4107_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1016\/S0305-0548(99)00144-6","volume":"27","author":"MT Leung","year":"2000","unstructured":"Leung MT, Chen AS, Daouk H (2000) Forecasting exchange rates using general regression neural networks. Comput Oper Res 27(11\u201312):1093\u20131110","journal-title":"Comput Oper Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"4107_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1080\/10286600500126256","volume":"22","author":"HK Cigizoglu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cigizoglu HK (2005) Generalized regression neural network in monthly flow forecasting. Civ Eng Environ Syst 22(2):71\u201381","journal-title":"Civ Eng Environ Syst"},{"issue":"2","key":"4107_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advengsoft.2005.05.002","volume":"37","author":"HK Cigizoglu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cigizoglu HK, Alp M (2006) Generalized regression neural network in modeling river sediment yield. Adv Eng Softw 37(2):63\u201368","journal-title":"Adv Eng Softw"},{"issue":"7","key":"4107_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2011.04.019","volume":"24","author":"ZH Guo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Guo ZH, Wu J, Lu HY, Wang JZ (2011) A case study on a hybrid wind speed forecasting method using BP neural network. Knowl-Based Syst 24(7):1048\u20131056","journal-title":"Knowl-Based Syst"},{"key":"4107_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2012.08.015","volume":"37","author":"HZ Li","year":"2013","unstructured":"Li HZ, Guo S, Li CJ, Sun JQ (2013) A hybrid annual power load forecasting model based on generalized regression neural network with fruit fly optimization algorithm. Knowl-Based Syst 37:378\u2013387","journal-title":"Knowl-Based Syst"},{"issue":"7","key":"4107_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)1090-0241(2008)134:7(1021)","volume":"134","author":"M Pal","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pal M, Deswa S (2008) Modeling pile capacity using support vector machines and generalized regression neural network. J Geoth Geoenv Eng 134(7):1021\u20131024","journal-title":"J Geoth Geoenv Eng"},{"issue":"3","key":"4107_CR21","first-page":"131","volume":"18","author":"Z Waszczyszyn","year":"2017","unstructured":"Waszczyszyn Z (2017) Artificial neural networks in civil engineering: another five years of research in Poland. Comput Assist Methods Eng Sci 18(3):131\u2013146","journal-title":"Comput Assist Methods Eng Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"4107_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2010.03.003","volume":"41","author":"R Perera","year":"2010","unstructured":"Perera R, Barchin M, Arteaga A, De Diego A (2010) Prediction of the ultimate strength of reinforced concrete beams FRP-strengthened in shear using neural networks. Comput Part B: Eng 41(4):287\u2013298","journal-title":"Comput Part B: Eng"},{"issue":"11","key":"4107_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1109\/72.97934","volume":"2","author":"DF Specht","year":"1991","unstructured":"Specht DF (1991) A general regression neural network. IEEE Trans Neural Netw 2(11):568\u2013576","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Neural Netw"},{"issue":"18","key":"4107_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3594","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bth448","volume":"20","author":"J Yu","year":"2004","unstructured":"Yu J, Smith VA, Wang PP, Hartemink AJ, Jarvis ED (2004) Advances to Bayesian network inference for generating causal networks from observational biological data. Bioinformatics 20(18):3594\u20133603","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"4107_CR25","unstructured":"Friedman N, Nachman I, Pe\u00e9r D (1999) Learning Bayesian network structure from massive datasets: the \u201csparse candidate\u201d algorithm. In: Proceedings of the fifteenth conference on uncertainty in artificial intelligence, July, pp. 206\u2013215. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc"},{"key":"4107_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198538493.001.0001","volume-title":"Neural networks for pattern recognition","author":"CM Bishop","year":"1995","unstructured":"Bishop CM (1995) Neural networks for pattern recognition. Oxford University Press, Oxford"},{"issue":"12","key":"4107_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0899-1561(2007)19:12(1033)","volume":"19","author":"M Nehdi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Nehdi M, El-Chabib H, Said AA (2007) Proposed shear design equations for FRP-reinforced concrete beams based on genetic algorithms approach. J Mater Civil Eng 19(12):1033\u20131042","journal-title":"J Mater Civil Eng"},{"key":"4107_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gross SP, Yost JR, Dinehart DW, Svensen E, Liu N (2003) Shear strength of normal and high strength concrete beams reinforced with GFRP bars. In: Proceedings of the international conference on high performance materials in bridges, ASCE, pp 426\u2013437","DOI":"10.1061\/40691(2003)38"},{"key":"4107_CR29","unstructured":"Deitz DH, Harik IE, Gesund H (1999) One-way slabs reinforced with glass fiber reinforced polymer reinforcing bars. In: ACI proceeding, 4th international symposium, Detroit, pp 279\u2013286"},{"key":"4107_CR30","unstructured":"Massam L (2001) The behavior of GFRP reinforced concrete beams in shear, M.S. thesis, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"},{"key":"4107_CR31","unstructured":"Tariq M, Newhook JP (2003) Shear testing of FRP reinforced concrete without transverse reinforcement. In: CSCE annual conference, Moncton, Canada"},{"key":"4107_CR32","unstructured":"Gross SP, Dinehart DW, Yost JR (2004) Experimental test of high-strength concrete beams reinforced CFRP bars. In: International conference on \u201cadvanced composite materials in bridges and structures\u201d, ACMBS-IV, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, July 20\u201323"},{"key":"4107_CR33","unstructured":"Alkhrdaji T, Wideman M, Belarbi A, Nanni A (2001) Shear strength of GFRP RC beams and slabs. In: Figuerias et al. (eds) Composites in construction, Swets and Zeitlinger, Lisse"},{"issue":"2","key":"4107_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)1090-0268(2005)9:2(147)","volume":"9","author":"AK El-Sayed","year":"2005","unstructured":"El-Sayed AK, El-Salakawy EF, Benmokrane B (2005) Shear strength of one-way concrete slabs reinforced with fiber-reinforced polymer composite bars. J Comp Constr 9(2):147\u2013157","journal-title":"J Comp Constr"},{"key":"4107_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2005.06.023","volume":"20","author":"AF Ashour","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ashour AF (2005) Flexural and shear capacities of concrete beams reinforced with GFRP bars. Constr Build Mater 20:1005\u20131015","journal-title":"Constr Build Mater"},{"issue":"6","key":"4107_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)1090-0268(2006)10:6(464)","volume":"10","author":"M Guadagnini","year":"2006","unstructured":"Guadagnini M, Pilakoutas K, Waldron P (2006) Shear resistance of FRP RC beams: experimental study. J Comp Constr 10(6):464\u2013473","journal-title":"J Comp Constr"},{"issue":"3","key":"4107_CR37","first-page":"383","volume":"103","author":"AK El-Sayed","year":"2006","unstructured":"El-Sayed AK, El-Salakawy EF, Benmokrane B (2006) Shear capacity of high-strength concrete beams reinforced with FRP bars. ACI Struct J 103(3):383\u2013389","journal-title":"ACI Struct J"},{"key":"4107_CR38","unstructured":"Steiner S, El-Sayed AK, Benmokrane B, Matta F, Nanni A (2008) Shear strength of large-size concrete beams reinforced with glass FRP bars. In: 5th international conference on advance composites materials in bridges and structures, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada"},{"issue":"6","key":"4107_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000108","volume":"14","author":"EC Bentz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bentz EC, Massam L, Collins MP (2010) Shear strength of large concrete members with FRP reinforcement. J Comp Constr 14(6):637\u2013646","journal-title":"J Comp Constr"},{"key":"4107_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2004.04.007","volume":"18","author":"B Zhang","year":"2004","unstructured":"Zhang B, Masmoudi R, Benmokrane B (2004) Behavior of one-way concrete slabs reinforced with CFRP grid reinforcements. Constr Build Mater 18:625\u2013635","journal-title":"Constr Build Mater"},{"key":"4107_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zeidan M, Barakat MA, Mahmoud Z, Khalifa A (2011) Evaluation of concrete shear strength for FRP reinforced beams. In: Proceedings of structures congress. Las Vegas, NV: ASCE, pp 1816\u20131826","DOI":"10.1061\/41171(401)158"},{"issue":"4","key":"4107_CR42","first-page":"617","volume":"110","author":"F Matta","year":"2013","unstructured":"Matta F, El-Sayed AK, Nanni A, Benmokrane B (2013) Size effect on concrete shear strength in beams reinforced with fiber-reinforced polymer bars. ACI Struct J 110(4):617\u2013628","journal-title":"ACI Struct J"},{"key":"4107_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2013.12.002","volume":"60","author":"AF Ashour","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ashour AF, Kara IF (2014) Size effect on shear strength of FRP reinforced concrete beams. Comp Part B: Eng 60:612\u2013620","journal-title":"Comp Part B: Eng"},{"issue":"2","key":"4107_CR44","first-page":"1","volume":"18","author":"CH Kim","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kim CH, Jang HS (2014) Concrete shear strength of normal and lightweight concrete beams reinforced with FRP bars. J Comp Constr 18(2):1\u20139","journal-title":"J Comp Constr"},{"issue":"1","key":"4107_CR45","first-page":"93","volume":"103","author":"AG Razaqpur","year":"2006","unstructured":"Razaqpur AG, Isgor BO (2006) Proposed shear design method for FRP-reinforced concrete members without stirrups. ACI Struct J 103(1):93\u2013102","journal-title":"ACI Struct J"}],"container-title":["Neural Computing and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00521-019-04107-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00521-019-04107-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00521-019-04107-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,15]],"date-time":"2024-07-15T05:49:09Z","timestamp":1721022549000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00521-019-04107-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,27]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]}},"alternative-id":["4107"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00521-019-04107-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0941-0643","1433-3058"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0941-0643","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-3058","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 September 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 February 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 February 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}