{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T19:23:07Z","timestamp":1770492187284,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,6]],"date-time":"2020-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588723200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,6]],"date-time":"2020-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588723200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004410","name":"T\u00fcrkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Ara\u015ftirma Kurumu","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["113M202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["113M202"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004410","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ege University Science and Technology Centre - Technology Transfer Office","award":["2014-BIL-009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014-BIL-009"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neural Comput & Applic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-020-04972-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,6]],"date-time":"2020-05-06T17:03:04Z","timestamp":1588784584000},"page":"16707-16722","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Prediction of mechanical and penetrability properties of cement-stabilized clay exposed to sulfate attack by use of soft computing methods"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Alper","family":"Sezer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"G\u00f6zde \u0130nan","family":"Sezer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0326-5015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Mardani-Aghabaglou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Selim","family":"Altun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"4972_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2010.08.006","volume":"25","author":"S Horpibulsuk","year":"2011","unstructured":"Horpibulsuk S, Rachan R, Suddeepong A (2011) Assessment of strength development in blended cement admixed Bangkok clay. Constr Build Mater 25:1521\u20131531","journal-title":"Constr Build Mater"},{"key":"4972_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clay.2011.10.003","volume":"55","author":"S Horpibulsuk","year":"2012","unstructured":"Horpibulsuk S, Phojan W, Suddeepong A, Chinkulkijniwat A, Liu MD (2012) Strength development in blended cement admixed saline clay. Appl Clay Sci 55:44\u201352","journal-title":"Appl Clay Sci"},{"key":"4972_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1201\/b13873","volume-title":"The deep mixing method","author":"M Kitazume","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kitazume M, Terashi M (2013) The deep mixing method. CRC Press, London"},{"key":"4972_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0899-1561(2006)18:2(161)","volume":"18","author":"GA Lorenzo","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lorenzo GA, Bergado DT (2006) Fundamental characteristics of cement-admixed clay in deep mixing. J Mater Civ Eng 18:161\u2013174","journal-title":"J Mater Civ Eng"},{"key":"4972_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enggeo.2013.09.007","volume":"166","author":"D Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang D, Edine N, Zentar R (2013) Strength and deformation properties of Dunkirk marine sediments solidified with cement, lime and fly ash. Eng Geol 166:90\u201399","journal-title":"Eng Geol"},{"key":"4972_CR6","volume-title":"Ground Improvement, ground reinforcement and ground treatment: developments 1987\u20131997","author":"VR Schaefer","year":"1997","unstructured":"Schaefer VR, Abramson LW, Drumheller JC, Sharp KD (1997) Ground Improvement, ground reinforcement and ground treatment: developments 1987\u20131997. ASCE: Geotechnical Special Publication, New York"},{"key":"4972_CR7","unstructured":"Mitchell JK (1981) Soil improvement-state of the art report. In: Proceedings of the 10th international conference on soil mechanics and foundation engineering, 15\u201319 June, Stockholm, pp 509\u2013565"},{"key":"4972_CR8","volume-title":"Stabilized earth roads (development in geotechnical engineering)","author":"A Kezdi","year":"1979","unstructured":"Kezdi A (1979) Stabilized earth roads (development in geotechnical engineering). Elsevier, Amsterdam"},{"issue":"7","key":"4972_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)1090-0241(2004)130:7(696)","volume":"130","author":"SH Chew","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chew SH, Kamruzzaman AHM, Lee FH (2004) Physicochemical and engineering behavior of cement treated clays. J Geotech Geoenviron Eng 130(7):696\u2013706","journal-title":"J Geotech Geoenviron Eng"},{"issue":"3","key":"4972_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1680\/grim.2000.4.3.91","volume":"4","author":"A Porbaha","year":"2000","unstructured":"Porbaha A, Shibuya S, Kishida T (2000) State of the art in deep mixing technology. Part III: geomaterial characterization. Ground Improv 4(3):91\u2013110","journal-title":"Ground Improv"},{"key":"4972_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203301623","volume-title":"Sulfate attack on concrete","author":"J Marchand","year":"2001","unstructured":"Marchand J, Odler I, Skalny JP (2001) Sulfate attack on concrete. CRC Press, London"},{"key":"4972_CR12","volume-title":"Guide to durable concrete","author":"ACI 201.2R-92","year":"1992","unstructured":"ACI 201.2R-92 (1992) Guide to durable concrete. ACI, Michigan"},{"key":"4972_CR13","volume-title":"Concrete","author":"PK Mehta","year":"1993","unstructured":"Mehta PK, Monteiro P (1993) Concrete, 2nd edn. McGraw-Hill, New York","edition":"2"},{"key":"4972_CR14","first-page":"336","volume":"29","author":"SR Mehra","year":"1955","unstructured":"Mehra SR, Chadda LR, Kapur RN (1955) Role of detrimental salts in soil stabilization with and without cement, I. The effect of sodium sulfate. Indian Conc J 29:336\u2013337","journal-title":"Indian Conc J"},{"key":"4972_CR15","first-page":"45","volume":"193","author":"PT Sherwood","year":"1958","unstructured":"Sherwood PT (1958) Effect of sulfates on cement-stabilized clay. Highw Res Board Bull 193:45\u201354","journal-title":"Highw Res Board Bull"},{"issue":"3","key":"4972_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9410(1986)112:3(255)","volume":"112","author":"JK Mitchell","year":"1986","unstructured":"Mitchell JK (1986) Practical problems from surprising soil behaviour. J Geotech Eng 112(3):259\u2013289","journal-title":"J Geotech Eng"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"4972_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clay.2008.01.009","volume":"42","author":"VR Ouhadi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ouhadi VR, Yong RN (2008) Ettringite formation and behaviour in clayey soils. Appl Clay Sci 42(1\u20132):258\u2013265","journal-title":"Appl Clay Sci"},{"key":"4972_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1680\/cc.25929","volume-title":"Cement chemistry","author":"HFW Taylor","year":"1997","unstructured":"Taylor HFW (1997) Cement chemistry, 2nd edn. Thomas Telford, London","edition":"2"},{"key":"4972_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-8846(83)90082-0","volume":"13","author":"MD Cohen","year":"1983","unstructured":"Cohen MD (1983) Theories of expansion in sulfoaluminate-type expansive cements: schools of thought. Cem Conc Res 13:809\u2013818","journal-title":"Cem Conc Res"},{"key":"4972_CR20","unstructured":"Wang L (2002) Cementitious stabilization of soils in the presence of sulfate (dissertation). Louisiana State University, Louisiana"},{"key":"4972_CR21","unstructured":"Mardani-Aghabaglou A, Kal\u0131pc\u0131lar I, Altun S, Sezer GI, Sezer A (2015) Comparison of unidimensional expansion levels of kaolinite stabilized with different types of cements. In: International symposium on shrink-swell processes in soils, climate and construction, June 18\u201319, Marne La Val\u00e9e, France, pp 151\u2013160"},{"key":"4972_CR22","unstructured":"Kal\u0131pc\u0131lar I, Mardani-Aghabaglou A, Sezer A, Sezer GI, Altun S (2015) Unconfined compressive strength, chloride-ion penetration and freezing-thawing resistance of cement stabilized clay. In: International conference on civil and environmental engineering, May 20\u201323, Cappadocia, Turkey, pp 1658\u20131665"},{"key":"4972_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clay.2015.07.041","volume":"115","author":"A Mardani-Aghabaglou","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mardani-Aghabaglou A, Kal\u0131pc\u0131lar I, Sezer GI, Sezer A, Altun S (2015) Freeze-thaw resistance and chloride-ion penetration of cement-stabilized clay exposed to sulfate attack. Appl Clay Sci 115:179\u2013188","journal-title":"Appl Clay Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"4972_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.12989\/gae.2016.10.6.807","volume":"10","author":"I Kal\u0131pc\u0131lar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kal\u0131pc\u0131lar I, Mardani-Aghabaglou A, Sezer GI, Altun S, Sezer A (2016) Assessment of the effect of sulfate attack on cement stabilized montmorillonite. Geomech Eng 10(6):807\u2013826","journal-title":"Geomech Eng"},{"issue":"5","key":"4972_CR25","first-page":"254","volume":"171","author":"I Kal\u0131pc\u0131lar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kal\u0131pc\u0131lar I, Mardani-Aghabaglou A, Sezer A, Altun S, Sezer GI (2018) Sustainability of cement stabilized clay: sulphate resistance. Proc Inst Civ Eng Eng Sustain 171(5):254\u2013274","journal-title":"Proc Inst Civ Eng Eng Sustain"},{"key":"4972_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mineng.2015.09.020","volume":"84","author":"I Jovanovic","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jovanovic I, Miljanovic I, Jovanovic T (2015) Soft computing-based modeling of flotation processes\u2014a review. Miner Eng 84:34\u201363","journal-title":"Miner Eng"},{"key":"4972_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1680\/geot.1995.45.4.709","volume":"45","author":"ATC Goh","year":"1995","unstructured":"Goh ATC (1995) Empirical design in geotechnics using neural networks. Geotechnique 45:709\u2013714","journal-title":"Geotechnique"},{"key":"4972_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02829074","volume":"5","author":"BY Kim","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kim BY, Kim YS (2001) Prediction of lateral behavior of single and group piles using artificial neural networks. KSCE J Civ Eng 5:185\u2013198","journal-title":"KSCE J Civ Eng"},{"key":"4972_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9410(1996)122:1(70)","volume":"122","author":"ATC Goh","year":"1996","unstructured":"Goh ATC (1996) Neural-network modeling of CPT seismic liquefaction data. ASCE J Geotech Eng 122:70\u201373","journal-title":"ASCE J Geotech Eng"},{"key":"4972_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1080\/02630259908970261","volume":"16","author":"ATC Goh","year":"1999","unstructured":"Goh ATC (1999) Soil laboratory data interpretation using generalized regression neural network. Civ Eng Environ Syst 16:175\u2013195","journal-title":"Civ Eng Environ Syst"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"4972_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2007.06.006","volume":"35","author":"A Baykasoglu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Baykasoglu A, Gullu H, Canakci H, Ozbakir L (2008) Prediction of compressive and tensile strength of limestone via genetic programming. Expert Syst Appl 35(1\u20132):111\u2013123","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"key":"4972_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1007\/s10706-008-9228-x","volume":"27","author":"A Kaya","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kaya A (2009) Residual and fully softened strength evaluation of soils using artificial neural networks. Geol Geotech Eng 27:281\u2013288","journal-title":"Geol Geotech Eng"},{"key":"4972_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11814","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2009.04.008","volume":"36","author":"C Kayadelen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kayadelen C, G\u00fcnayd\u0131n O, Fener M (2009) Modeling of the angle of shearing resistance of soils using soft computing systems. Expert Syst Appl 36:11814\u201311826","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"key":"4972_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-019-04399-z","author":"J Tinoco","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tinoco J, Alberto A, da Venda P, Correia AG, Lemos L (2019) A novel approach based on soft computing techniques for unconfined compression strength prediction of soil cement mixtures. Neural Comput Appl. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00521-019-04399-z","journal-title":"Neural Comput Appl"},{"key":"4972_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-019-04411-6","author":"M Suthar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Suthar M (2019) Applying several machine learning approaches for prediction of unconfined compressive strength of stabilized pond ashes. Neural Comput Appl. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00521-019-04411-6","journal-title":"Neural Comput Appl"},{"key":"4972_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-016-2360-2","volume":"28","author":"H G\u00fcll\u00fc","year":"2017","unstructured":"G\u00fcll\u00fc H (2017) A novel approach to prediction of rheological characteristics of jet grout cement mixtures via genetic expression programming. Neural Comput Appl 28:407\u2013420","journal-title":"Neural Comput Appl"},{"key":"4972_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-017-3140-3","volume":"31","author":"E Tekin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tekin E, Akbas SO (2019) Predicting groutability of granular soils using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system. Neural Comput Appl 31:1091\u20131101","journal-title":"Neural Comput Appl"},{"key":"4972_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-012-1082-3","volume":"31","author":"A Nazari","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nazari A, Hajiallahyari H, Rahimi A, Khanmohammadi H, Amini M (2019) Prediction compressive strength of Portland cement-based geopolymers by artificial neural networks. Neural Comput Appl 31:733\u2013741","journal-title":"Neural Comput Appl"},{"key":"4972_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-016-2602-3","volume":"29","author":"KMA Hossain","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hossain KMA, Anwar MS, Samani SG (2018) Regression and artificial neural network models for strength properties of engineered cementitious composites. Neural Comput Appl 29:631\u2013645","journal-title":"Neural Comput Appl"},{"key":"4972_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1680\/geng.2010.163.6.307","volume":"163","author":"AB Goktepe","year":"2010","unstructured":"Goktepe AB, Sezer A (2010) Effect of particle shape on density and permeability of sands. Proc Inst Civ Eng Geotech Eng 163:1\u201314","journal-title":"Proc Inst Civ Eng Geotech Eng"},{"issue":"3","key":"4972_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1002\/jpln.200800233","volume":"173","author":"A Alavi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Alavi A, Gandomi A, Mollahassani A, Heshmati AA, Rashed A (2010) Modeling of maximum dry density and optimum moisture content of stabilized soil using artificial neural networks. J Plant Nutr Soil Sci 173(3):368\u2013379","journal-title":"J Plant Nutr Soil Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"4972_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5603","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2010.10.075","volume":"38","author":"A Sezer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sezer A (2011) Prediction of shear development in clean sands by use of particle shape information and artificial neural networks. Expert Syst Appl 38(5):5603\u20135613","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"issue":"1","key":"4972_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-011-0668-5","volume":"22","author":"A Sezer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sezer A (2013) Simple models for the estimation of shearing resistance angle of uniform sands. Neural Comput Appl 22(1):111\u2013123","journal-title":"Neural Comput Appl"},{"key":"4972_CR44","unstructured":"ASTM D4318-17 (2017) Standard test methods for liquid limit, plastic limit, and plasticity index of soils. ASTM International, West Conshohocken. www.astm.org"},{"key":"4972_CR45","unstructured":"ASTM D854-14 (2014) Standard test methods for specific gravity of soil solids by water pycnometer. ASTM International, West Conshohocken. www.astm.org"},{"key":"4972_CR46","unstructured":"ASTM D698-12e2 (2012) Standard test methods for laboratory compaction characteristics of soil using standard effort (12 400 ft-lbf\/ft3\u00a0(600 kN-m\/m3)). ASTM International, West Conshohocken. www.astm.org"},{"key":"4972_CR47","unstructured":"ASTM D2166\/D2166M-16 (2016) Standard test method for unconfined compressive strength of cohesive soil. ASTM International, West Conshohocken. www.astm.org"},{"key":"4972_CR48","unstructured":"ASTM C1202-09 (2009) Standard test method for electrical indication of concrete\u2019s ability to resist chloride ion penetration. ASTM International, West Conshohocken. www.astm.org"},{"key":"4972_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1680\/grim.2003.7.1.25","volume":"7","author":"AJ Puppala","year":"2003","unstructured":"Puppala AJ, Wattanasanticharoen E, Punthutaecha K (2003) Experimental evaluations of stabilization methods for sulphate-rich expansive soils. Ground Improv 7:25\u201335","journal-title":"Ground Improv"},{"key":"4972_CR50","volume-title":"Numerical methods for engineers","author":"S Chapra","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chapra S, Canale R (2014) Numerical methods for engineers. McGraw-Hill, New York"},{"key":"4972_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang TS, Chen L, Tan CH, Yeh HC, Tsai YC (2009) BPNN for land cover classification by using remotely sensed data. In: Proceedings of fifth international conference on natural computation. IEEE, pp 535\u2013539","DOI":"10.1109\/ICNC.2009.494"},{"key":"4972_CR52","volume-title":"Neural networks: a comprehensive foundation, chapter 5","author":"S Haykin","year":"1998","unstructured":"Haykin S (1998) Neural networks: a comprehensive foundation, chapter 5, 2nd edn. Prentice Hall, New Jersey","edition":"2"},{"key":"4972_CR53","volume-title":"Neural network toolbox users guide","author":"H Demuth","year":"2000","unstructured":"Demuth H, Beale M (2000) Neural network toolbox users guide. The Mathworks, Natick"},{"key":"4972_CR54","volume-title":"Learning and soft computing: support vector machines, neural networks and fuzzy logic models","author":"V Kecman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kecman V (2001) Learning and soft computing: support vector machines, neural networks and fuzzy logic models. MIT Press, Cambridge"},{"issue":"6","key":"4972_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1109\/72.329697","volume":"5","author":"MT Hagan","year":"1994","unstructured":"Hagan MT, Menhaj M (1994) Training feedforward networks with the Marquardt algorithm. IEEE Neural Netw 5(6):989\u2013993","journal-title":"IEEE Neural Netw"},{"key":"4972_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1109\/21.256541","volume":"23","author":"JSR Jang","year":"1993","unstructured":"Jang JSR (1993) ANFIS: adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference systems. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern 23:665\u2013685","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern"},{"key":"4972_CR57","volume-title":"Data mining and knowledge discovery handbook","author":"O Maimon","year":"2008","unstructured":"Maimon O, Rokach L (2008) Data mining and knowledge discovery handbook, 2nd edn. Springer, New York","edition":"2"}],"container-title":["Neural Computing and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00521-020-04972-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00521-020-04972-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00521-020-04972-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,6]],"date-time":"2021-05-06T00:19:59Z","timestamp":1620260399000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00521-020-04972-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,6]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"21","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]}},"alternative-id":["4972"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00521-020-04972-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0941-0643","1433-3058"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0941-0643","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-3058","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 September 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 April 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 May 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}