{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T13:43:25Z","timestamp":1780407805686,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,22]],"date-time":"2020-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590105600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,22]],"date-time":"2020-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neural Comput & Applic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-020-05026-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,22]],"date-time":"2020-05-22T12:02:36Z","timestamp":1590148956000},"page":"13439-13453","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Brain\u2013computer interface for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients using deep learning network"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9081-116X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jayabrabu","family":"Ramakrishnan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dinesh","family":"Mavaluru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramkumar Siva","family":"Sakthivel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulrahman Saad","family":"Alqahtani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azath","family":"Mubarakali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mervin","family":"Retnadhas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"5026_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.4103\/2152-7806.169561","volume":"6","author":"S Zarei","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zarei S, Karen C, Luz R, Kelvin D, Orleiquis G, Pablo FA, Wilfredo P, Daud L, Gloria O, Angel C (2015) A comprehensive review of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Surg Neurol Int 6:171","journal-title":"Surg Neurol Int"},{"key":"5026_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.00135","volume":"13","author":"V Grollemund","year":"2019","unstructured":"Grollemund V, Pradat PF, Querin G, Delbot F, Le Chat G, Pradat-Peyre JF, Bede P (2019) Machine learning in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: achievements, pitfalls, and future directions. Front Neurosci 13:1\u201328","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"issue":"10","key":"5026_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1578","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8101578","volume":"8","author":"J Gordon","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gordon J, Lerner B (2019) Insights into amyotrophic lateral sclerosis from a machine learning perspective. J Clin Med 8(10):1578","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"5026_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms12408","volume":"7","author":"KC Arthur","year":"2016","unstructured":"Arthur KC, Calvo A, Price TR, Geiger JT, Chio A, Traynor BJ (2016) Projected increase in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis from 2015 to 2040. Nat Commun 7(1):1\u20136","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"5026_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2018.2834555","volume":"66","author":"R Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang R, He S, Yang X, Wang X, Li K, Huang Q, Yu Z, Zhang X, Tang D, Li Y (2019) An EOG-based human\u2013machine interface to control a smart home environment for patients with severe spinal cord injuries. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 66(1):89\u2013100","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng"},{"key":"5026_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Katore M, Bachute MR (2015) Speech based human machine interaction system for home automation. In: IEEE Bombay section symposium (IBSS), pp 1\u20136","DOI":"10.1109\/IBSS.2015.7456634"},{"issue":"2","key":"5026_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2012.2228645","volume":"60","author":"CC Postelnicu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Postelnicu CC, Talaba D (2013) P300-based brain-neuronal computer interaction for spelling applications. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 60(2):534\u2013543","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng"},{"issue":"11","key":"5026_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1978","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2017.2716109","volume":"25","author":"S He","year":"2017","unstructured":"He S, Li Y (2017) A single-channel EOG-based speller. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 25(11):1978\u20131987","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng"},{"key":"5026_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhi-Hao W, Yu-Fan K, Chuan-Te C, Shi-Hao L, Gwo-Jia J (2017) Controlling DC motor using eye blink signals based on LabVIEW. In: International conference on electrical, electronics and information engineering (ICEEIE), pp 61\u201365","DOI":"10.1109\/ICEEIE.2017.8328763"},{"key":"5026_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li X, Luo D, Zhao F, Li Y, Luo H (2015) \u2018Sensor fusion-based infrastructure independent and agile real-time indoor positioning technology for disabled and elderly people\u2019. In: International symposium on future information and communication technologies for ubiquitous healthcare (Ubi-HealthTech), pp 1\u20135","DOI":"10.1109\/Ubi-HealthTech.2015.7203328"},{"key":"5026_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin M, Mo G (2011) \u2018Eye gestures recognition technology in human\u2013computer Interaction\u2019. In: International conference on biomedical engineering and informatics (BMEI), pp 1316\u20131318","DOI":"10.1109\/BMEI.2011.6098529"},{"key":"5026_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li L, Wu X (2011) \u2018Design and implementation of multimedia control system based on bluetooth and electrooculogram (EOG)\u2019. In: International conference on bioinformatics and biomedical engineering, pp 1\u20134","DOI":"10.1109\/icbbe.2011.5779981"},{"key":"5026_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Venkataramanan S, Prabhat P, Choudhury SR, Nemade HB, Sahambi JS (2005) \u2018Biomedical instrumentation based on electrooculogram (EOG) signal processing and application to a hospital alarm system\u2019. In: Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on intelligent sensing and information processing, pp 535\u2013540","DOI":"10.1109\/ICISIP.2005.1529512"},{"issue":"8","key":"5026_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2099","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2009.2030923","volume":"59","author":"AB Usakli","year":"2010","unstructured":"Usakli AB, Gurkan S (2010) Design of a novel efficient human\u2013computer interface: an electrooculagram based virtual keyboard. IEEE Trans Instrum Meas 59(8):2099\u20132108","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Instrum Meas"},{"key":"5026_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lingegowda DR, Amrutesh K, Ramanujam S (2017) \u2018Electrooculography based assistive technology for ALS patients\u2019. In: IEEE international conference on consumer electronics-Asia (ICCE-Asia), pp 36\u201340","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCE-ASIA.2017.8307837"},{"key":"5026_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kuo CH, Chan YC, Chou HC, Siao JW (2009) Eyeglasses based electrooculography human\u2013wheelchair interface. In: IEEE international conference on systems, man, and cybernetics, pp 4746\u20134751","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSMC.2009.5346087"},{"key":"5026_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hossain MS, Huda K, Rahman S, Mohiuddin Ahmad SM (2015) Implementation of an EOG based security system by analyzing eye movement patterns. In: International conference on advances in electrical engineering (ICAEE), pp 149\u2013152","DOI":"10.1109\/ICAEE.2015.7506818"},{"key":"5026_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Akan B, Argunsah AO (2007) A human\u2013computer interface (HCI) based on electrooculogram (EOG) for handicapped. In: International conference on signal processing and communications applications, pp 1\u20133","DOI":"10.1109\/SIU.2007.4298649"},{"key":"5026_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Banerjee A, Rakshit A, Tibarewala DN (2016) Application of electrooculography to estimate word count while reading text. In: International conference on systems in medicine and biology, pp 174\u2013177","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSMB.2016.7915115"},{"key":"5026_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Banerjee A, Datta S, Das P, Konar A, Tibarewala DN, Janarthanan R (2012) Electrooculogram based online control signal generation for wheelchair. In: International symposium on electronic system design, pp 251\u2013255","DOI":"10.1109\/ISED.2012.12"},{"issue":"5","key":"5026_CR21","first-page":"302","volume":"8","author":"AN Rajesh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rajesh AN, Chandralingam S, Anjaneyulu T, Satyanarayana K (2014) Eog controlled motorized wheelchair for disabled persons. Int J Med Health Biomed Bioeng Pharm Eng 8(5):302\u2013305","journal-title":"Int J Med Health Biomed Bioeng Pharm Eng"},{"key":"5026_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Udhaya Kumar S, Vinod VM (2015) EOG based wheelchair control for quadriplegics. In: IEEE international conference on innovations in information, embedded and communication systems (ICIIECS), pp 1\u20134","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIIECS.2015.7193165"},{"key":"5026_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Navarro RB, V\u00e1zquez LB, Guill\u00e9n EL (2018) EOG-based wheelchair control, Elsevier book series\u2014smart wheelchairs and brain-computer interfaces mobile assistive technologies, pp 381\u2013403","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-812892-3.00016-9"},{"key":"5026_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hassan U, Mughal H, Mohsin I, Khan ZH (2018) Real-time control of a mobile robot using electrooculogram based eye tracking system. In: IEEE\u2014international multi-topic ICT conference (IMTIC), pp 1\u20136","DOI":"10.1109\/IMTIC.2018.8467232"},{"key":"5026_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li X, Luo D, Zhao F, Li Y, Luo H (2015) Sensor fusion-based infrastructure independent and agile real-time indoor positioning technology for disabled and elderly people. In: International symposium on future information and communication technologies for ubiquitous healthcare (Ubi-HealthTech), pp 1\u20135","DOI":"10.1109\/Ubi-HealthTech.2015.7203328"},{"key":"5026_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lingegowda DR, Amrutesh K, Ramanujam S (2017) Electrooculography based assistive technology for ALS patients. In: IEEE international conference on consumer electronics-Asia (ICCE-Asia), pp 36\u201340","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCE-ASIA.2017.8307837"},{"issue":"4","key":"5026_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2002.806829","volume":"10","author":"R Barea","year":"2002","unstructured":"Barea R, Boquete L, Mazo M, Lopez E (2002) System for asisted mobility using eye movements based on electrooculography. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 10(4):209\u2013218","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng"},{"issue":"11","key":"5026_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3156","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2013.2270283","volume":"60","author":"Y Li","year":"2013","unstructured":"Li Y, Pan J, Wang F, Yu Z (2013) A hybrid BCI system combining P300 and SSVEP and its application to wheelchair control. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 60(11):3156\u20133166","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng"},{"issue":"1","key":"5026_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2015.2439298","volume":"24","author":"R Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang R et al (2016) Control of a wheelchair in a indoor environment based on a brain computer interface and automated navigation. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 24(1):128\u2013139","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng"},{"issue":"1","key":"5026_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2016.2542524","volume":"25","author":"S He","year":"2017","unstructured":"He S, Zhang R, Wang Q, Chen Y, Yang T, Feng Z, Zhang Y, Shao M, Li Y (2017) A P300-based threshold-free brain switch and its application in wheelchair control. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 25(1):37\u201348","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng"},{"issue":"1","key":"5026_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2016.2542524","volume":"25","author":"KR Lee","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lee KR (2017) Real-time \u201ceye-writing\u201d recognition using electrooculogram. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 25(1):37\u201348","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng"},{"issue":"3","key":"5026_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCC.2013.2241758","volume":"43","author":"A Ubeda","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ubeda A et al (2013) An integrated electrooculography and desktop input bimodal interface to support robotic arm control. IEEE Trans Hum Mach Syst 43(3):338\u2013342","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Hum Mach Syst"},{"issue":"3","key":"5026_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2014.2369483","volume":"62","author":"J Ma","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ma J et al (2015) A novel EOG\/EEG hybrid human\u2013machine interface adopting eye movements and ERPs application to robot control. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 62(3):876\u2013889","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng"},{"issue":"1","key":"5026_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.17148\/IJARCCE.2017.6107","volume":"6","author":"S Ramkumar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ramkumar S, Barathkesavan H (2017) A review on classification of eye movement using electrooculography. Int J Adv Res Comput Commun Eng 6(1):36\u201340","journal-title":"Int J Adv Res Comput Commun Eng"},{"issue":"6","key":"5026_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.4066\/biomedicalresearch.29-17-2979","volume":"29","author":"S Ramkumar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ramkumar S, Sathesh Kumar K, Dhiliphan Rajkumar T, Ilayaraja M, Sankar K (2018) A review-classification of electrooculogram based human computer interfaces. Biomed Res 29(6):1078\u20131084","journal-title":"Biomed Res"},{"key":"5026_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kherlopian AR, Gerrein JP, Yue M, Kim KE, Kim JW, Sukumaran M, Sajda P (2006) Electrooculogram based system for computer control using a multiple feature classification model. In: International conference of the IEEE engineering in medicine and biology society, pp 1295\u20131298","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2006.260851"},{"key":"5026_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Usakli AB, Gurkan S (2009) A novel electrooculogram-based human computer interface and its application as a virtual keyboard. In: IEEE-national biomedical engineering meeting, pp 1\u20134","DOI":"10.1109\/BIYOMUT.2009.5130315"},{"key":"5026_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Punsawad Y, Wongsawat Y, Parnichkun M (2010) Hybrid EEG-EOG brain-computer interface system for practical machine control. IN: IEEE international conference of the IEEE engineering in medicine and biology, pp 1360\u20131363","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2010.5626745"},{"key":"5026_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tangsuksant W, Aekmunkhongpaisal C, Cambua P, Charoenpong T, Chanwimalueang T (2012) Directional eye movement detection system for virtual keyboard controller. In: IEEE biomedical engineering international conference, pp 1\u20135","DOI":"10.1109\/BMEiCon.2012.6465432"},{"key":"5026_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Usakli AB, Gurkan S (2009) A novel electrooculogram-based human computer interface and its application as a virtual keyboard. In: IEEE national biomedical engineering meeting, pp 1\u20134","DOI":"10.1109\/BIYOMUT.2009.5130315"},{"key":"5026_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Soltani S, Mahnam A (2013) Design of a novel wearable human computer interface based on electrooculograghy. In: IEEE Iranian conference on electrical engineering (ICEE), pp 1\u20135","DOI":"10.1109\/IranianCEE.2013.6599876"},{"key":"5026_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rakshit A, Banerjee A, Tibarewala DN (2016) Electro-oculogram based digit recognition to design assitive communication system for speech disabled patients. In: IEEE international conference on microelectronics, computing and communications, pp 1\u20135","DOI":"10.1109\/MicroCom.2016.7522560"},{"key":"5026_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-017-0303-5","author":"WD Chang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chang WD, Cha HS, Kim DY, Kim SH, Im CH (2017) Development of an electrooculogram based eye-computer interface for communication of individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J NeuroEng Rehab. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12984-017-0303-5","journal-title":"J NeuroEng Rehab"},{"issue":"9","key":"5026_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2023","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2017.2732479","volume":"65","author":"Q Huang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Huang Q, He S, Wang Q, Gu Z, Peng N, Li K, Zhang Y, Shao M, Li Y (2017) An EOG-based human-machine interface for wheelchair control. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 65(9):2023\u20132032. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TBME.2017.2732479","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng"},{"key":"5026_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hossain Z, Shuvo MH, Sarker P (2017) Hardware and software implementation of real time electrooculogram (EOG) acquisition system to control computer cursor with eyeball movement. In: IEEE international conference on advances in electrical engineering (ICAEE), pp 132\u2013137","DOI":"10.1109\/ICAEE.2017.8255341"},{"key":"5026_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79151","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2884411","volume":"6","author":"G Jialu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jialu G, Ramkumar S, Emayavaramban G, Thilagaraj M, Muneeswaran V, Rajasekaran MP, Hussein AF (2018) Offline analysis for designing electrooculogram based human computer interface control for paralyzed patients. IEEE Access. 6:79151\u201379161","journal-title":"IEEE Access."},{"key":"5026_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.18178\/ijmerr.7.2.143-149","volume":"7","author":"C Ishii","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ishii C, Murooka S, Tajima M (2018) Navigation of an electric wheelchair using EMG, EOG and EEG. IJMERR 7:143\u2013149","journal-title":"IJMERR"},{"issue":"2","key":"5026_CR48","first-page":"1","volume":"13","author":"F Fang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fang F, Shinozaki T (2018) Electrooculography-based continuous eye writing recognition system for efficient assistive communication systems. PLoS ONE 13(2):1\u201320","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"5026_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2439","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2886708","volume":"7","author":"L Junwei","year":"2019","unstructured":"Junwei L, Ramkumar S, Emayavaramban G, Thilagaraj M, Muneeswaran V, Rajasekaran MP, Venkataraman V, Hussein AF (2019) Brain computer interface for neurodegenerative person using electroencephalogram. IEEE Access. 7:2439\u201352","journal-title":"IEEE Access."},{"issue":"1","key":"5026_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1504\/IJIE.2019.10021809","volume":"7","author":"S Ramkumar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ramkumar S, Sathesh Kumar K, Maheswari K, P. Packia Amutha Priya, G. Emayavaramban, J. Macklin Abraham Navamani, (2020) Offline study for implementing human computer interface for elderly paralyzed patients using electrooculography and neural networks. Int J Intell Enterprise 7(1):306\u2013321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1504\/IJIE.2019.10021809","journal-title":"Int J Intell Enterprise"},{"key":"5026_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnonlinmec.2017.02.001","volume":"94","author":"G Alotta","year":"2017","unstructured":"Alotta G, Paeola MD, Pinnolab F (2017) Cross-correlation and cross-power spectral density representation by complex spectral moments. Int J Non-Linear Mech 94:20\u201327","journal-title":"Int J Non-Linear Mech"},{"key":"5026_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101765","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2019.101765","volume":"102","author":"G Teng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Teng G, He Y, Zhao H, Liu D, Xiao J, Ramkumar S (2020) Design and development of human computer interface using electrooculogram with deep learning. Artif Intell Med 102:101765","journal-title":"Artif Intell Med"},{"key":"5026_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101766","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2019.101766","volume":"102","author":"X Xiaoxiao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xiaoxiao X, Bin L, Ramkumar S, Saravanan S, Balaji MSP, Dhanasekaran S, Thimmiaraja J (2020) Electroencephalogram based communication system for locked in state person using mentally spelled tasks with optimized network model. Artif Intell Med 102:101766","journal-title":"Artif Intell Med"},{"key":"5026_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101754","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2019.101754","volume":"102","author":"K Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li K, Ramkumar S, Thimmiaraja J, Diwakaran S (2020) Optimized artificial neural network based performance analysis of wheelchair movement for ALS patients. Artif Intell Med 102:101754","journal-title":"Artif Intell Med"},{"key":"5026_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101755","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artmed.2019.101755","volume":"102","author":"W Tang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tang W, Wang A, Ramkumar S, RadhakrishnanNair RK (2020) Signal identification system for developing rehabilittive device using deep learning algorithms. Artif Intell Med 102:101755","journal-title":"Artif Intell Med"},{"key":"5026_CR56","unstructured":"http:\/\/deeplearning.net\/tutorial\/lenet.html"},{"key":"5026_CR57","unstructured":"Zhang W (1988) Shift-invariant pattern recognition neural network and its optical architecture. In: Proceedings of annual conference of the Japan society of applied physics"},{"issue":"32","key":"5026_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4790","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.29.004790","volume":"29","author":"W Zhang","year":"1998","unstructured":"Zhang W (1998) Parallel distributed processing model with local space-invariant interconnections and its optical architecture. Appl Opt 29(32):4790\u20134797","journal-title":"Appl Opt"},{"key":"5026_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/1785892","volume":"2018","author":"L Luo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Luo L, Wu Y, Qiao F, Yang Y, Wei Q, Zhou X, Fan Y, Xu S, Liu X, Yang H (2018) Design of FPGA-based accelerator for convolutional neural network under heterogeneous computing framework with OpenCL. Int J Reconfig Comput 2018:1\u201310","journal-title":"Int J Reconfig Comput"}],"container-title":["Neural Computing and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00521-020-05026-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00521-020-05026-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00521-020-05026-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,24]],"date-time":"2022-07-24T10:03:11Z","timestamp":1658656991000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00521-020-05026-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,22]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"16","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]}},"alternative-id":["5026"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00521-020-05026-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0941-0643","1433-3058"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0941-0643","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-3058","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 March 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 May 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 May 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}