{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T06:17:55Z","timestamp":1762409875331,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,21]],"date-time":"2021-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618963200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,21]],"date-time":"2021-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618963200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017130","name":"Ji Hua Laboratory","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["X190021TB190"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["X190021TB190"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neural Comput & Applic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-021-05918-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,21]],"date-time":"2021-04-21T04:04:25Z","timestamp":1618977865000},"page":"12721-12735","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Collective intelligence evolution using ant colony optimization and neural networks"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Xiaoya","family":"Qi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Zhongxue","family":"Gan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Chuang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Zheng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Xiaozhi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Chun","family":"Ouyang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"5918_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abdelaziz A, Salama AS, Riad A (2019) A swarm intelligence model for enhancing health care services in smart cities applications. In: Security in smart cities: models, applications, and challenges. Springer, pp 71\u201391","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01560-2_4"},{"issue":"1","key":"5918_CR2","first-page":"71","volume":"14","author":"B Abed-alguni","year":"2016","unstructured":"Abed-alguni B, Paul D, Chalup S, Henskens F (2016) A comparison study of cooperative q-learning algorithms for independent learners. Int J Artif Intell 14(1):71\u201393","journal-title":"Int J Artif Intell"},{"key":"5918_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Acan A (2004) An external memory implementation in ant colony optimization. In: Ant colony optimization and swarm intelligence. Springer, Berlin, pp 73\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-540-28646-2_7","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-28646-2_7"},{"key":"5918_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Acan A (2005) An external partial permutations memory for ant colony optimization. In: Evolutionary computation in combinatorial optimization. Springer, Berlin, pp 1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-540-31996-2_1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-31996-2_1"},{"key":"5918_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ahmadabadi MN, Imanipour A, Araabi BN, Asadpour M, Siegwart R (2006) Knowledge-based extraction of area of expertise for cooperation in learning. In: 2006 IEEE\/RSJ international conference on intelligent robots and systems, pp 3700\u20133705. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/IROS.2006.281730","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS.2006.281730"},{"key":"5918_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-45724-0_16","volume-title":"Ant algorithms","author":"M Birattari","year":"2002","unstructured":"Birattari M, Di Caro G, Dorigo M (2002) Toward the formal foundation of ant programming. In: Dorigo M, Di Caro G, Sampels M (eds) Ant algorithms. Springer, Berlin, pp 188\u2013201. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/3-540-45724-0_16"},{"issue":"2","key":"5918_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCC.2007.913919","volume":"38","author":"L Busoniu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Busoniu L, Babuska R, De Schutter B (2008) A comprehensive survey of multiagent reinforcement learning. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern Part C (Appl Rev) 38(2):156\u2013172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TSMCC.2007.913919","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern Part C (Appl Rev)"},{"key":"5918_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Conforth M, Meng Y (2008) Reinforcement learning for neural networks using swarm intelligence. In: 2008 IEEE swarm intelligence symposium, pp 1\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/SIS.2008.4668289","DOI":"10.1109\/SIS.2008.4668289"},{"key":"5918_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Coulom R (2008) Whole-history rating: a Bayesian rating system for players of time-varying strength. In: International conference on computers and games","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-87608-3_11"},{"issue":"4","key":"5918_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1109\/mci.2006.329691","volume":"1","author":"M Dorigo","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dorigo M, Birattari M, Stutzle T (2006) Ant colony optimization. IEEE Comput Intell Mag 1(4):28\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/mci.2006.329691","journal-title":"IEEE Comput Intell Mag"},{"issue":"1","key":"5918_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1109\/4235.585892","volume":"1","author":"M Dorigo","year":"1997","unstructured":"Dorigo M, Gambardella L (1997) Ant colony system: a cooperative learning approach to the traveling salesman problem. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 1(1):53\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/4235.585892","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"issue":"1","key":"5918_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1109\/3477.484436","volume":"26","author":"M Dorigo","year":"1996","unstructured":"Dorigo M, Maniezzo V, Colorni A (1996) Ant system: optimization by a colony of cooperating agents. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern Part B Cybern 26(1):29\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/3477.484436","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern Part B Cybern"},{"key":"5918_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dorigo M, St\u00fctzle T (2003) The ant colony optimization metaheuristic: algorithms, applications, and advances. In: Handbook of metaheuristics. Springer, pp 250\u2013285. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/0-306-48056-5_9","DOI":"10.1007\/0-306-48056-5_9"},{"key":"5918_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dorigo M, St\u00fctzle T (2018) Ant colony optimization: overview and recent advances. In: Handbook of metaheuristics. Springer International Publishing, pp 311\u2013351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-91086-4_10","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-91086-4_10"},{"key":"5918_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Galindo-Serrano A, Giupponi L, Blasco P, Dohler M (2010) Learning from experts in cognitive radio networks: the docitive paradigm. In: 2010 Proceedings of the fifth international conference on cognitive radio oriented wireless networks and communications, pp 1\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4108\/ICST.CROWNCOM2010.9173","DOI":"10.4108\/ICST.CROWNCOM2010.9173"},{"key":"5918_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2016.07.029","volume":"48","author":"K Gao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gao K, Zhang Y, Sadollah A, Su R (2016) Optimizing urban traffic light scheduling problem using harmony search with ensemble of local search. Appl Soft Comput 48:359\u2013372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.asoc.2016.07.029","journal-title":"Appl Soft Comput"},{"issue":"2","key":"5918_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2011.04.011","volume":"25","author":"J Garc\u00eda-Nieto","year":"2012","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda-Nieto J, Alba E, Carolina Olivera A (2012) Swarm intelligence for traffic light scheduling: application to real Urban areas. Eng Appl Artif Intell 25(2):274\u2013283. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.engappai.2011.04.011","journal-title":"Eng Appl Artif Intell"},{"key":"5918_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Iima H, Kuroe Y, Emoto K (2011) Swarm reinforcement learning methods for problems with continuous state-action space. In: 2011 IEEE international conference on systems, man, and cybernetics, pp 2173\u20132180. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICSMC.2011.6083999","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSMC.2011.6083999"},{"key":"5918_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Iima H, Kuroe Y, Matsuda S (2010) Swarm reinforcement learning method based on ant colony optimization. In: 2010 IEEE international conference on systems, man and cybernetics, pp 1726\u20131733. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICSMC.2010.5642307","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSMC.2010.5642307"},{"issue":"3","key":"5918_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCA.2009.2014539","volume":"39","author":"C Juang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Juang C, Lu C (2009) Ant colony optimization incorporated with fuzzy q-learning for reinforcement fuzzy control. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern Part A Syst Hum 39(3):597\u2013608. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TSMCA.2009.2014539","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern Part A Syst Hum"},{"key":"5918_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advengsoft.2019.03.003","volume":"131","author":"F Kang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kang F, Li J, Dai J (2019) Prediction of long-term temperature effect in structural health monitoring of concrete dams using support vector machines with Jaya optimizer and salp swarm algorithms. Adv Eng Softw 131:60\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.advengsoft.2019.03.003","journal-title":"Adv Eng Softw"},{"key":"5918_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Marquez JM, Ortega JA, Gonzalez-Abril L, Velasco F (2008) Creating adaptive learning paths using ant colony optimization and Bayesian networks. In: 2008 IEEE international joint conference on neural networks (IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence). IEEE. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ijcnn.2008.4634349","DOI":"10.1109\/ijcnn.2008.4634349"},{"key":"5918_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/el.2019.0244","author":"M Matta","year":"2019","unstructured":"Matta M, Cardarilli GC, Di Nunzio L, Fazzolari R, Giardino D, Re M, Silvestri F, Span\u00f2 S (2019) Q-RTS: A real-time swarm intelligence based on multi-agent q-learning. Electron Lett. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1049\/el.2019.0244","journal-title":"Electron Lett"},{"key":"5918_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pham QV, Nguyen DC, Mirjalili S, Hoang DT, Nguyen DN, Pathirana PN, Hwang WJ (2020) Swarm intelligence for next-generation wireless networks: recent advances and applications. arXiv:2007.15221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2021.103141"},{"issue":"4","key":"5918_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.15302\/j-sscae-2018.04.017","volume":"20","author":"X Qi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Qi X, Liu C, Fu C, Gan Z (2018) Theory of collective intelligence evolution and its applications in intelligent robots. Chin J Eng Sci 20(4):101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15302\/j-sscae-2018.04.017","journal-title":"Chin J Eng Sci"},{"key":"5918_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shi Z, Tu J, Li Y, Wang Z (2013) Adaptive reinforcement q-learning algorithm for swarm-robot system using pheromone mechanism. In: 2013 IEEE international conference on robotics and biomimetics (ROBIO), pp 952\u2013957. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ROBIO.2013.6739586","DOI":"10.1109\/ROBIO.2013.6739586"},{"issue":"6419","key":"5918_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aar6404","volume":"362","author":"D Silver","year":"2018","unstructured":"Silver D, Hubert T, Schrittwieser J, Antonoglou I, Lai M, Guez A, Lanctot M, Sifre L, Kumaran D, Graepel T, Lillicrap T, Simonyan K, Hassabis D (2018) A general reinforcement learning algorithm that masters chess, shogi, and go through self-play. Science 362(6419):1140\u20131144. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aar6404","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"5918_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-007-0084-z","volume":"16","author":"K Socha","year":"2007","unstructured":"Socha K, Blum C (2007) An ant colony optimization algorithm for continuous optimization: application to feed-forward neural network training. Neural Comput Appl 16(3):235\u2013247. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00521-007-0084-z","journal-title":"Neural Comput Appl"},{"issue":"8","key":"5918_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1016\/s0167-739x(00)00043-1","volume":"16","author":"T St\u00fctzle","year":"2000","unstructured":"St\u00fctzle T, Hoos HH (2000) MAX-MIN ant system. Future Gener Comput Syst 16(8):889\u2013914. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0167-739x(00)00043-1","journal-title":"Future Gener Comput Syst"},{"key":"5918_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tsutsui S (2006) cAS: ant colony optimization with cunning ants. In: Parallel problem solving from nature\u2014PPSN IX. Springer, Berlin, pp 162\u2013171. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/11844297_17","DOI":"10.1007\/11844297_17"},{"key":"5918_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wiesemann W, St\u00fctzle T (2006) Iterated ants: an experimental study for the quadratic assignment problem. In: Ant colony optimization and swarm intelligence. Springer, Berlin, pp 179\u2013190. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/11839088_16","DOI":"10.1007\/11839088_16"},{"key":"5918_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yuan Z, F\u00fcgenschuh A, Homfeld H, Balaprakash P, St\u00fctzle T, Schoch M (2008) Iterated greedy algorithms for a real-world cyclic train scheduling problem. In: Hybrid metaheuristics. Springer, Berlin, pp 102\u2013116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-540-88439-2_8","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-88439-2_8"},{"key":"5918_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpdc.2018.08.007","volume":"122","author":"O Zedadra","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zedadra O, Guerrieri A, Jouandeau N, Spezzano G, Seridi H, Fortino G (2018) Swarm intelligence-based algorithms within IoT-based systems: a review. J Parallel Distrib Comput 122:173\u2013187","journal-title":"J Parallel Distrib Comput"}],"container-title":["Neural Computing and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00521-021-05918-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00521-021-05918-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00521-021-05918-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,19]],"date-time":"2021-10-19T00:37:29Z","timestamp":1634603849000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00521-021-05918-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,21]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["5918"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00521-021-05918-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0941-0643","1433-3058"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0941-0643"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1433-3058"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 May 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 March 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 April 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declaration"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}