{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T19:35:50Z","timestamp":1771270550277,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,28]],"date-time":"2022-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661644800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,28]],"date-time":"2022-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661644800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"Key Field Special Project of Guangdong Provincial Department of Education","award":["2021ZDZX1029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021ZDZX1029"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021171","name":"Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022A1515011447"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022A1515011447"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neural Comput &amp; Applic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-022-07695-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,28]],"date-time":"2022-08-28T16:02:22Z","timestamp":1661702542000},"page":"19703-19721","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["An improved estimation of distribution algorithm for multi-objective optimization problems with mixed-variable"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Wenxiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0429-446X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kangshun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hassan","family":"Jalil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"7695_CR1","first-page":"63","volume":"17","author":"A Feyzioglu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Feyzioglu A, Kar AK (2017) Axiomatic design approach for nonlinear multiple objective optimizaton problem and robustness in spring design. Cybern Inf Technol 17(1):63\u201371","journal-title":"Cybern Inf Technol"},{"issue":"3","key":"7695_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-247X(68)90201-1","volume":"22","author":"AM Geoffrion","year":"1968","unstructured":"Geoffrion AM (1968) Proper efficiency and the theory of vector maximization. J Math Anal Appl 22(3):618\u2013630","journal-title":"J Math Anal Appl"},{"issue":"3","key":"7695_CR3","first-page":"274","volume":"4","author":"A Charnes","year":"1957","unstructured":"Charnes A, Cooper WW (1957) Management models and industrial applications of linear programming. Manage Sci 4(3):274\u2013275","journal-title":"Manage Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"7695_CR4","first-page":"296","volume":"1","author":"YY Haimes","year":"1971","unstructured":"Haimes YY, Lasdon LS, Wismer DA (1971) On a bicriterion formulation of the problems of integrated system identification and system optimization. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern 1(3):296\u2013297","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern"},{"key":"7695_CR5","first-page":"1","volume":"177","author":"A Ben-Tal","year":"1980","unstructured":"Ben-Tal A (1980) Characterization of pareto and lexicographic optimal solutions. Springer 177:1\u201311","journal-title":"Springer"},{"issue":"4","key":"7695_CR6","first-page":"393","volume":"2","author":"G Dantzig","year":"1954","unstructured":"Dantzig G, Fulkerson R, Johnson S (1954) Solution of a large-scale traveling salesman problem. Oper Res 2(4):393\u2013410","journal-title":"Oper Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"7695_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1090\/S0002-9904-1958-10224-4","volume":"64","author":"RE Gomory","year":"1958","unstructured":"Gomory RE (1958) Outline of an algorithm for integer solutions to linear programs. Bull Am Math Soc 64(5):275\u2013278","journal-title":"Bull Am Math Soc"},{"issue":"3","key":"7695_CR8","first-page":"497","volume":"28","author":"AH Land","year":"1960","unstructured":"Land AH, Doig AG (1960) An automatic method for solving discrete programming problems. Springer 28(3):497\u2013520","journal-title":"Springer"},{"key":"7695_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Balas E (1979) Disjunctive Programming Annals of Discrete Mathematics 5(2): 3-51","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5060(08)70342-X"},{"key":"7695_CR10","first-page":"31","volume":"3","author":"JD Schaffer","year":"1985","unstructured":"Schaffer JD (1985) Some experiments in machine learning using vector evaluated genetic algorithms. Electr Eng 3:31\u201337","journal-title":"Electr Eng"},{"key":"7695_CR11","first-page":"849","volume":"1917","author":"K Deb","year":"2000","unstructured":"Deb K, Agrawal S, Pratap A, Meyarivan T (2000) A fast elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm for multi-objective optimization: NSGA-II. Int Conf Parallel Problem Solv from Nat 1917:849\u2013858","journal-title":"Int Conf Parallel Problem Solv from Nat"},{"issue":"6","key":"7695_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2007.892759","volume":"11","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zhang Q (2007) MOEA\/D: a multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition. IEEE Trans on Evolutionary Comput 11(6):712\u2013731","journal-title":"IEEE Trans on Evolutionary Comput"},{"issue":"4","key":"7695_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1109\/4235.797969","volume":"3","author":"E Zitzler","year":"1999","unstructured":"Zitzler E, Thiele L (1999) Multiobjective evolutionary algorithms: a comparative case study and the strength pareto approach. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 3(4):257\u2013271","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"key":"7695_CR14","first-page":"1","volume":"5","author":"E Zitzler","year":"2001","unstructured":"Zitzler E, Laumanns M, Thiele L (2001) SPEA2: improving the strength pareto evolutionary algorithm. Tech Rep Gloriastrasse 5:1\u201321","journal-title":"Tech Rep Gloriastrasse"},{"key":"7695_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2021.01.015","volume":"563","author":"A Mz","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mz A, Lei WA, Wl B, Bo HA, Dl A, Qw A (2021) Many-objective evolutionary algorithm with adaptive reference vector. Inf Sci 563:70\u201390","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"7695_CR16","first-page":"1","volume":"51","author":"Q Gu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gu Q, Wang R, Xie H, Li X, Xiong N (2021) Modified non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm iii with fine final level selection. Appl Intell 51(5):1\u201334","journal-title":"Appl Intell"},{"issue":"1","key":"7695_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2015.2510698","volume":"47","author":"S Jiang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jiang S, Yang S (2017) Evolutionary dynamic multiobjective optimization: benchmarks and algorithm comparisons. IEEE Trans Cybern 47(1):198\u2013211","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Cybern"},{"issue":"3","key":"7695_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00158-015-1319-8","volume":"53","author":"W Tong","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tong W, Chowdhury S, Messac A (2016) A multi-objective mixed-discrete particle swarm optimization with multi-domain diversity preservation. Struct Multidiscip Optim 53(3):1\u201318","journal-title":"Struct Multidiscip Optim"},{"issue":"3","key":"7695_CR19","first-page":"1","volume":"36","author":"Y Shenlin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shenlin Y, Wei L, Xiaochao Q et al (2019) Multi objective optimization of system effectiveness based on complex simulation. Control Dec 36(3):1\u201310","journal-title":"Control Dec"},{"key":"7695_CR20","first-page":"344","volume":"2","author":"P Larranga","year":"2001","unstructured":"Larranga P, Lozano JA (2001) Estimation of distribution algorithms: a new tool for evolutionary computation. Kluwer Acad Publ 2:344\u2013360","journal-title":"Kluwer Acad Publ"},{"issue":"3","key":"7695_CR21","first-page":"411","volume":"34","author":"Z Xuejun","year":"2000","unstructured":"Xuejun Z, Deng P, Anling W et al (2000) Implementation of Pareto genetic algorithm for mixed variable multi-objective optimization design. J Shanghai Jiaotong Univ 34(3):411\u2013414","journal-title":"J Shanghai Jiaotong Univ"},{"issue":"7","key":"7695_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1631\/jzus.2004.0851","volume":"5","author":"G Chuang-Xin","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chuang-Xin G, Jia-Sheng H, Bin Y, Yi-Jia C (2004) Swarm intelligence for mixed-variable design optimization. Zhejiang Univ 5(7):851\u2013860","journal-title":"Zhejiang Univ"},{"issue":"6","key":"7695_CR23","first-page":"1140","volume":"41","author":"J Zhou","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhou J, Dong SB, Tang DY (2018) Task scheduling algorithm in cloud computing based on invasive tumor growth optimization. Chin J Comput 41(6):1140\u20131155","journal-title":"Chin J Comput"},{"issue":"23","key":"7695_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4059","DOI":"10.1002\/nme.1620372308","volume":"37","author":"AK Dhingra","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dhingra AK, Lee BH (2010) A genetic algorithm approach to single and multiobjective structural optimization with discrete\u2013continuous variables International. J for Numerical Methods Eng 37(23):4059\u20134080","journal-title":"J for Numerical Methods Eng"},{"key":"7695_CR25","first-page":"400","volume":"5821","author":"J Chen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chen J, Chen G, Guo W (2009) A discrete PSO for multi-objective optimization in VLSI floorplanning. Adv Comput Intell 5821:400\u2013410","journal-title":"Adv Comput Intell"},{"issue":"7","key":"7695_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4001599","volume":"132","author":"ZO Khokhar","year":"2010","unstructured":"Khokhar ZO, Vahabzadeh H, Ziai A, Wang G, Menon C (2010) On the performance of the pareto set pursuing (PSP) method for mixed-variable multi-objective design optimization. J Mech Des 132(7):1\u201311","journal-title":"J Mech Des"},{"key":"7695_CR27","first-page":"1","volume":"1678","author":"S Chowdhury","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chowdhury S, Jie Z, Messac A (2012) Avoiding Premature convergence in a mixed-discrete particle swarm optimization (MDPSO) algorithm. Struct Struct Dyn Mater Conf 1678:1\u201320","journal-title":"Struct Struct Dyn Mater Conf"},{"issue":"2","key":"7695_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1007\/s00158-017-1764-7","volume":"57","author":"V Mokarram","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mokarram V, Banan MR (2018) A new pso-based algorithm for multi-objective optimization with continuous and discrete design variables. Struct Multidipl Optim 57(2):509\u2013533","journal-title":"Struct Multidipl Optim"},{"issue":"3","key":"7695_CR29","first-page":"589","volume":"36","author":"SL Yang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yang SL et al (2021) Multi-objective optimization of system effectiveness based on complex and expensive simulation. Control Dec 36(3):589\u2013598","journal-title":"Control Dec"},{"key":"7695_CR30","first-page":"1","volume":"99","author":"F Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang F, Li Y, Zhou A, Tang K (2019) An estimation of distribution algorithm for mixed-variable newsvendor problems. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 99:1\u201315","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"issue":"19","key":"7695_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-61723-X_982","volume":"1141","author":"H Muhlenbein","year":"1996","unstructured":"Muhlenbein H, Paass G (1996) From recombination of genes to the estimation of distributions I binary parameters. Parallel Problem Solving From Nat -PPSN IV 1141(19):178\u2013187","journal-title":"Parallel Problem Solving From Nat -PPSN IV"},{"issue":"3","key":"7695_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2011.08.003","volume":"1","author":"M Hauschild","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hauschild M, Pelikan M (2011) An introduction and survey of estimation of distribution algorithms. Swarm Evol Comput 1(3):111\u2013128","journal-title":"Swarm Evol Comput"},{"key":"7695_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-55860-377-6.50014-1","volume-title":"Machine Learning Proceedings 1995","author":"S Baluja","year":"1995","unstructured":"Baluja S, Caruana R (1995) Removing the genetics from the standard genetic algorithm. Machine Learning Proceedings 1995. Elsevier, pp 38\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-1-55860-377-6.50014-1"},{"issue":"3","key":"7695_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1162\/evco.1997.5.3.303","volume":"5","author":"H Muhlenbein","year":"1997","unstructured":"Muhlenbein H (1997) The equation for response to selection and its use for prediction. Evolut Comput 5(3):303\u2013346","journal-title":"Evolut Comput"},{"key":"7695_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harik G (1998) The compact genetic algorithm. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Evolutionary Computation, 3(4): 287\u2013297","DOI":"10.1109\/4235.797971"},{"key":"7695_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-34954-9_3","volume":"33","author":"GR Harik","year":"2006","unstructured":"Harik GR, Lobo FG, Sastry K (2006) Linkage learning via probabilistic modeling in the extended compact genetic algorithm (ECGA). Scalable Optimiz via Prob Model 33:39\u201361","journal-title":"Scalable Optimiz via Prob Model"},{"issue":"4","key":"7695_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1162\/evco.1999.7.4.353","volume":"7","author":"H Muhlenbein","year":"1999","unstructured":"Muhlenbein H, Mahnig T (1999) FDA\u2013a scalable evolutionary algorithm for the optimization of additively decomposed functions. Evol Comput 7(4):353\u2013376","journal-title":"Evol Comput"},{"key":"7695_CR38","unstructured":"Pelikan M (1999) BOA: The Bayesian optimization algorithm. In: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO), pp 525\u2013532"},{"key":"7695_CR39","unstructured":"Bonet J, Jr C, Viola PA (1997) MIMIC: Finding Optima by Estimating Probability Densities. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, pp 424\u2013430"},{"key":"7695_CR40","unstructured":"Baluja S, Davies S (1997) Using Optimal Dependency-Trees for Combinatorial Optimization: Learning the Structure of the Search Space. In: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Machine Learning, pp 30\u201338"},{"key":"7695_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pelikan M, Muehlenbein H, et al (1998) The bivariate marginal distribution algorithm. In: advances in soft computing - engineering design and manufacturing, pp 521\u2013535","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4471-0819-1_39"},{"key":"7695_CR42","first-page":"85","volume":"6457","author":"J Zhong","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zhong J, Zhang J, Fan Z (2010) MP-EDA: a robust estimation of distribution algorithm with multiple probabilistic models for global continuous optimization. Adv Neural Inf Process Syst 6457:85\u201394","journal-title":"Adv Neural Inf Process Syst"},{"key":"7695_CR43","first-page":"101","volume":"14","author":"TE Miqu\u00e9lezBengoetxea","year":"2004","unstructured":"Miqu\u00e9lezBengoetxea TE, Larra\u00f1aga P (2004) Evolutionary computations based on bayesian classifiers. Int J Appl Math Comput 14:101\u2013115","journal-title":"Int J Appl Math Comput"},{"issue":"6","key":"7695_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2013.2247404","volume":"17","author":"W Dong","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dong W, Chen T, Tino P et al (2013) Scaling up estimation of distribution algorithms for continuous optimization. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 17(6):797\u2013822","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"issue":"6","key":"7695_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1007\/s11390-019-1973-1","volume":"34","author":"ML Sanyang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sanyang ML, Kab\u00e1n A (2019) Large-scale estimation of distribution algorithms with adaptive heavy tailed random projection ensembles. J Comput Sci Technol 34(6):1241\u20131257","journal-title":"J Comput Sci Technol"},{"issue":"1","key":"7695_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2007.894202","volume":"12","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhang Q, Zhou A, Jin Y (2008) RM-MEDA: a regularity model-based multiobjective estimation of distribution algorithm. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 12(1):41\u201363","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"issue":"11","key":"7695_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3526","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2012.06.008","volume":"12","author":"Y Wang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wang Y, Xiang J, Cai Z (2012) A regularity model-based multiobjective estimation of distribution algorithm with reducing redundant cluster operator. Appl Soft Comput 12(11):3526\u20133538","journal-title":"Appl Soft Comput"},{"key":"7695_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2020.02.066","volume":"522","author":"ZA Yin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yin ZA, Ggw A, Kl B, Wcy C, Mj D, Jd A (2020) Enhancing moea\/d with information feedback models for large-scale many-objective optimization. Inf Sci 522:1\u201316","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"7695_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2714","DOI":"10.1109\/TAP.2019.2949705","volume":"68","author":"QQ Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li QQ, Chu QX, Chang YL, Dong J (2019) Tri-objective compact log-periodic dipole array antenna design using MOEA\/D-GPSO. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag 68(4):2714\u20132723","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Antennas Propag"},{"key":"7695_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2021.08.065","volume":"580","author":"F Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang F, Liao F, Li Y, Wang H (2021) A new prediction strategy for dynamic multi-objective optimization using Gaussian mixture model. Inf Sci 580:331\u2013351","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"7695_CR51","first-page":"23","volume":"2","author":"X Peng","year":"2009","unstructured":"Peng X, Gao X (2009) A hybrid multi-objective optimal approach to multiple ucavs coordinated planning. Int Conf Intell Human-Mach Syst Cybern 2:23\u201328","journal-title":"Int Conf Intell Human-Mach Syst Cybern"},{"issue":"2","key":"7695_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2010.2058117","volume":"15","author":"FS Adra","year":"2011","unstructured":"Adra FS, Fleming JP (2011) Diversity management in evolutionary many-objective optimization. IEEE Trans Evol Comput 15(2):183\u2013195","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Evol Comput"},{"issue":"1","key":"7695_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1360(199801)7:1<34::AID-MCDA161>3.0.CO;2-6","volume":"7","author":"P Czyz\u017cak","year":"1998","unstructured":"Czyz\u017cak P, Adrezej J (1998) Pareto simulated annealing: a metaheuristic technique for multiple-objective combinatorial optimization. J Multi Criteria Dec Anal 7(1):34\u201347","journal-title":"J Multi Criteria Dec Anal"}],"container-title":["Neural Computing and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00521-022-07695-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00521-022-07695-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00521-022-07695-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,21]],"date-time":"2022-10-21T02:18:06Z","timestamp":1666318686000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00521-022-07695-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,28]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"22","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}},"alternative-id":["7695"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00521-022-07695-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0941-0643","1433-3058"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0941-0643","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-3058","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 January 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 July 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 August 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"We declare that we have no financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that can inappropriately influence our work, there is no professional or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service and\/or company that could be construed as influencing the position presented in, or the review of, the manuscript entitled, \u201cAn Improved Estimation of Distribution Algorithm for Multi-objective Optimization Problems with Mixed-Variable.\u201d","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}