{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T21:21:26Z","timestamp":1782595286260,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]],"date-time":"2022-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666656000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]],"date-time":"2022-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666656000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007069","name":"Universit\u00e0 della Calabria","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neural Comput &amp; Applic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>There are a lot of elements that make road safety assessment situations unpredictable and hard to understand. This could put people's lives in danger, hurt the mental health of a society, and cause permanent financial and human losses. Due to the ambiguity and uncertainty of the risk assessment process, a multi-criteria decision-making technique for dealing with complex systems that involves choosing one of many options is an important strategy of assessing road safety. In this study, an integrated stepwise weight assessment ratio analysis (SWARA) with measurement of alternatives and ranking according to compromise solution (MARCOS) approach under a spherical fuzzy (SF) set was considered. Then, the proposed methodology was applied to develop the approach of failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) for rural roads in Cosenza, southern Italy. Also, the results of modified FMEA by SF-SWARA-MARCOS were compared with the results of conventional FMEA. The risk score results demonstrated that the source of risk (human) plays a significant role in crashes compared to other sources of risk. The two risks, including landslides and floods, had the lowest values among the factors affecting rural road safety in Calabria, respectively. The correlation between scenario outcomes and main ranking orders in weight values was also investigated. This study was done in line with the goals of sustainable development and the goal of sustainable mobility, which was to find risks and lower the number of accidents on the road. As a result, it is thus essential to reconsider laws and measures necessary to reduce human risks on the regional road network of Calabria to improve road safety.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-022-07929-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]],"date-time":"2022-10-25T14:03:18Z","timestamp":1666706598000},"page":"4549-4567","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":97,"title":["Road safety assessment and risks prioritization using an integrated SWARA and MARCOS approach under spherical fuzzy environment"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Saeid","family":"Jafarzadeh Ghoushchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2859-3920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sina","family":"Shaffiee Haghshenas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Memarpour Ghiaci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Guido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Vitale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"7929_CR1","volume-title":"Failure mode and effect analysis: FMEA from theory to execution","author":"DH Stamatis","year":"2003","unstructured":"Stamatis DH (2003) Failure mode and effect analysis: FMEA from theory to execution. Quality Press, Welshpool, WA"},{"issue":"6","key":"7929_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2381","DOI":"10.1007\/s12652-019-01262-w","volume":"11","author":"H Shi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shi H et al (2020) A novel method for failure mode and effects analysis using fuzzy evidential reasoning and fuzzy Petri nets. J Ambient Intell Humaniz Comput 11(6):2381\u20132395","journal-title":"J Ambient Intell Humaniz Comput"},{"issue":"1","key":"7929_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.3233\/JIFS-181133","volume":"37","author":"X-Y Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li X-Y et al (2019) Failure mode and effect analysis using interval type-2 fuzzy sets and fuzzy Petri nets. J Intell Fuzzy Syst 37(1):693\u2013709","journal-title":"J Intell Fuzzy Syst"},{"key":"7929_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jlp.2021.104591","volume":"72","author":"MM Shahri","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shahri MM, Jahromi AE, Houshmand M (2021) Failure Mode and Effect Analysis using an integrated approach of clustering and MCDM under pythagorean fuzzy environment. J Loss Prev Process Ind 72:104591","journal-title":"J Loss Prev Process Ind"},{"issue":"2","key":"7929_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.3390\/sym12020310","volume":"12","author":"S Jafarzadeh Ghoushchi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jafarzadeh Ghoushchi S et al (2020) Integrated decision-making approach based on SWARA and GRA methods for the prioritization of failures in solar panel systems under Z-information. Symmetry 12(2):310","journal-title":"Symmetry"},{"key":"7929_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2019.06.055","volume":"135","author":"H-C Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu H-C et al (2019) Failure mode and effect analysis using multi-criteria decision making methods: a systematic literature review. Comput Ind Eng 135:881\u2013897","journal-title":"Comput Ind Eng"},{"issue":"11","key":"7929_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1080\/13669877.2017.1307260","volume":"21","author":"G Di Bona","year":"2018","unstructured":"Di Bona G et al (2018) Total efficient risk priority number (TERPN): a new method for risk assessment. J Risk Res 21(11):1384\u20131408","journal-title":"J Risk Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"7929_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2071","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-018-1844-x","volume":"99","author":"J Park","year":"2018","unstructured":"Park J, Park C, Ahn S (2018) Assessment of structural risks using the fuzzy weighted Euclidean FMEA and block diagram analysis. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 99(9):2071\u20132080","journal-title":"Int J Adv Manuf Technol"},{"issue":"2","key":"7929_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2012.08.010","volume":"40","author":"H-C Liu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Liu H-C, Liu L, Liu N (2013) Risk evaluation approaches in failure mode and effects analysis: a literature review. Expert Syst Appl 40(2):828\u2013838","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"issue":"8","key":"7929_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6157","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-021-05605-8","volume":"25","author":"M Gul","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gul M, Ak MF (2021) A modified failure modes and effects analysis using interval-valued spherical fuzzy extension of TOPSIS method: case study in a marble manufacturing facility. Soft Comput 25(8):6157\u20136178","journal-title":"Soft Comput"},{"key":"7929_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-022-19018-z","author":"S Jafarzadeh Ghoushchi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jafarzadeh Ghoushchi S et al (2022) Barriers to circular economy implementation in designing of sustainable medical waste management systems using a new extended decision-making and FMEA models. Environ Sci Pollut Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-022-19018-z","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"7929_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/S0019-9958(65)90241-X","volume":"8","author":"Z Lotfi","year":"1965","unstructured":"Lotfi Z (1965) Fuzzy sets. Inf Control 8(3):338\u2013353","journal-title":"Inf Control"},{"key":"7929_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2021.120052","volume":"223","author":"SJ Ghoushchi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ghoushchi SJ et al (2021) An extended new approach for forecasting short-term wind power using modified fuzzy wavelet neural network: a case study in wind power plant. Energy 223:120052","journal-title":"Energy"},{"key":"7929_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2021.115594","volume":"185","author":"SM Hosseini","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hosseini SM, Paydar MM, Hajiaghaei-Keshteli M (2021) Recovery solutions for ecotourism centers during the Covid-19 pandemic: utilizing fuzzy DEMATEL and fuzzy VIKOR methods. Expert Syst Appl 185:115594","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"issue":"24","key":"7929_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13950","DOI":"10.3390\/su132413950","volume":"13","author":"SJ Ghoushchi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ghoushchi SJ et al (2021) Landfill site selection for medical waste using an integrated SWARA-WASPAS framework based on spherical fuzzy set. Sustainability 13(24):13950","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"1","key":"7929_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.3233\/JIFS-182651","volume":"37","author":"F Kutlu G\u00fcndo\u011fdu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kutlu G\u00fcndo\u011fdu F, Kahraman C (2019) A novel VIKOR method using spherical fuzzy sets and its application to warehouse site selection. J Intell Fuzzy Syst 37(1):1197\u20131211","journal-title":"J Intell Fuzzy Syst"},{"key":"7929_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2019.103348","volume":"87","author":"FK G\u00fcndo\u011fdu","year":"2020","unstructured":"G\u00fcndo\u011fdu FK, Kahraman C (2020) A novel spherical fuzzy QFD method and its application to the linear delta robot technology development. Eng Appl Artif Intell 87:103348","journal-title":"Eng Appl Artif Intell"},{"issue":"7","key":"7929_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2731","DOI":"10.1007\/s12652-019-01333-y","volume":"11","author":"S Ashraf","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ashraf S, Abdullah S, Mahmood T (2020) Spherical fuzzy Dombi aggregation operators and their application in group decision making problems. J Ambient Intell Humaniz Comput 11(7):2731\u20132749","journal-title":"J Ambient Intell Humaniz Comput"},{"issue":"2","key":"7929_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.15388\/Informatica.2019.206","volume":"30","author":"F Kutlu Gundogdu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kutlu Gundogdu F, Kahraman C (2019) Extension of WASPAS with spherical fuzzy sets. Informatica 30(2):269\u2013292","journal-title":"Informatica"},{"key":"7929_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bolt\u00fcrk E (2019) AS\/RS technology selection using spherical fuzzy TOPSIS and neutrosophic TOPSIS. In: International conference on intelligent and fuzzy systems. Springer","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-23756-1_115"},{"issue":"7","key":"7929_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1080\/15389588.2017.1296956","volume":"18","author":"JA Cox","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cox JA, Beanland V, Filtness AJ (2017) Risk and safety perception on urban and rural roads: effects of environmental features, driver age and risk sensitivity. Traffic Inj Prev 18(7):703\u2013710","journal-title":"Traffic Inj Prev"},{"issue":"17","key":"7929_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6735","DOI":"10.3390\/su12176735","volume":"12","author":"G Guido","year":"2020","unstructured":"Guido G et al (2020) Development of a binary classification model to assess safety in transportation systems using GMDH-type neural network algorithm. Sustainability 12(17):6735","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"7929_CR23","first-page":"1","volume":"2020","author":"S Xie","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xie S et al (2020) Exploring risk factors with crash severity on China two-lane rural roads using a random-parameter ordered probit model. J Adv Transp 2020:1\u201314","journal-title":"J Adv Transp"},{"issue":"1","key":"7929_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1080\/17457300.2020.1835991","volume":"28","author":"A Sheykhfard","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sheykhfard A et al (2020) Structural equation modelling of potential risk factors for pedestrian accidents in rural and urban roads. Int J Inj Control Saf Promot 28(1):46\u201357","journal-title":"Int J Inj Control Saf Promot"},{"key":"7929_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2020.106885","volume":"199","author":"J Huang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Huang J et al (2020) Failure mode and effect analysis improvement: a systematic literature review and future research agenda. Reliab Eng Syst Saf 199:106885","journal-title":"Reliab Eng Syst Saf"},{"key":"7929_CR26","unstructured":"Amini A, Mojtaba F (2018) Risk assessment of Namaklan road tunnel using Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA). In: Tunnelling and climate change conference"},{"key":"7929_CR27","unstructured":"Javadieh N, Abdekhodaee A, Ektesabi MM (2014) Risk analysis of human errors in road transport using H-FMEA technique. In: Transport Research Arena (TRA) 5th conference: transport solutions from research to deployment European Commission conference of European Directors of Roads (CEDR) European Road Transport Research Advisory Council (ERTRAC) WATERBORNETP European Rail Research Advisory Council (ERRAC) Institut Francais des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Am\u00e9nagement et des R\u00e9seaux (IFSTTAR) Minist\u00e8re de l'\u00c9cologie, du D\u00e9veloppement Durable et de l'\u00c9nergie"},{"issue":"20","key":"7929_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15733","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-020-04903-x","volume":"24","author":"H-W Lo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lo H-W et al (2020) A hybrid MCDM-based FMEA model for identification of critical failure modes in manufacturing. Soft Comput 24(20):15733\u201315745","journal-title":"Soft Comput"},{"key":"7929_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engfailanal.2021.105768","volume":"130","author":"S Boral","year":"2021","unstructured":"Boral S, Chakraborty S (2021) Failure analysis of CNC machines due to human errors: an integrated IT2F-MCDM-based FMEA approach. Eng Fail Anal 130:105768","journal-title":"Eng Fail Anal"},{"key":"7929_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alvand A et al (2021) Identification and assessment of risk in construction projects using the integrated FMEA-SWARA-WASPAS model under fuzzy environment: a case study of a construction project in Iran. In: International journal of construction management, pp 1\u201323","DOI":"10.1080\/15623599.2021.1877875"},{"key":"7929_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2019.105505","volume":"81","author":"SJ Ghoushchi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ghoushchi SJ, Yousefi S, Khazaeili M (2019) An extended FMEA approach based on the Z-MOORA and fuzzy BWM for prioritization of failures. Appl Soft Comput 81:105505","journal-title":"Appl Soft Comput"},{"issue":"2","key":"7929_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.3846\/jbem.2010.12","volume":"11","author":"V Ker\u0161uliene","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ker\u0161uliene V, Zavadskas EK, Turskis Z (2010) Selection of rational dispute resolution method by applying new step-wise weight assessment ratio analysis (SWARA). J Bus Econ Manag 11(2):243\u2013258","journal-title":"J Bus Econ Manag"},{"issue":"4","key":"7929_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.3846\/20294913.2011.635718","volume":"17","author":"V Ker\u0161ulien\u0117","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ker\u0161ulien\u0117 V, Turskis Z (2011) Integrated fuzzy multiple criteria decision making model for architect selection. Technol Econ Dev Econ 17(4):645\u2013666","journal-title":"Technol Econ Dev Econ"},{"issue":"5","key":"7929_CR34","first-page":"408","volume":"24","author":"SH Zolfani","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zolfani SH, Saparauskas J (2013) New application of SWARA method in prioritizing sustainability assessment indicators of energy system. Eng Econ 24(5):408\u2013414","journal-title":"Eng Econ"},{"issue":"3","key":"7929_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.3846\/20294913.2013.814606","volume":"19","author":"M Alimardani","year":"2013","unstructured":"Alimardani M et al (2013) A novel hybrid SWARA and VIKOR methodology for supplier selection in an agile environment. Technol Econ Dev Econ 19(3):533\u2013548","journal-title":"Technol Econ Dev Econ"},{"issue":"2","key":"7929_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.5755\/j01.ee.26.2.8820","volume":"26","author":"D Stanujkic","year":"2015","unstructured":"Stanujkic D, Karabasevic D, Zavadskas EK (2015) A framework for the selection of a packaging design based on the SWARA method. Eng Econ 26(2):181\u2013187","journal-title":"Eng Econ"},{"issue":"1","key":"7929_CR37","first-page":"5","volume":"24","author":"MH Aghdaie","year":"2013","unstructured":"Aghdaie MH, Zolfani SH, Zavadskas EK (2013) Decision making in machine tool selection: an integrated approach with SWARA and COPRAS-G methods. Eng Econ 24(1):5\u201317","journal-title":"Eng Econ"},{"key":"7929_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2019.118219","volume":"240","author":"H Prajapati","year":"2019","unstructured":"Prajapati H, Kant R, Shankar R (2019) Prioritizing the solutions of reverse logistics implementation to mitigate its barriers: a hybrid modified SWARA and WASPAS approach. J Clean Prod 240:118219","journal-title":"J Clean Prod"},{"issue":"1","key":"7929_CR39","first-page":"1","volume":"7","author":"D Karaba\u0161evi\u0107","year":"2016","unstructured":"Karaba\u0161evi\u0107 D et al (2016) An approach to personnel selection based on SWARA and WASPAS methods. Bizinfo (Blace) J Econ Manag Inform 7(1):1\u201311","journal-title":"Bizinfo (Blace) J Econ Manag Inform"},{"issue":"1","key":"7929_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1002\/hfm.20713","volume":"28","author":"J Heidary Dahooie","year":"2018","unstructured":"Heidary Dahooie J et al (2018) Competency-based IT personnel selection using a hybrid SWARA and ARAS-G methodology. Hum Factors Ergon Manuf Serv Ind 28(1):5\u201316","journal-title":"Hum Factors Ergon Manuf Serv Ind"},{"issue":"3","key":"7929_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.3846\/20294913.2014.881435","volume":"20","author":"S Hashemkhani Zolfani","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hashemkhani Zolfani S, Bahrami M (2014) Investment prioritizing in high tech industries based on SWARA-COPRAS approach. Technol Econ Dev Econ 20(3):534\u2013553","journal-title":"Technol Econ Dev Econ"},{"issue":"1","key":"7929_CR42","first-page":"139","volume":"5","author":"N Vojinovi\u0107","year":"2022","unstructured":"Vojinovi\u0107 N, Stevi\u0107 \u017d, Tanackov I (2022) A novel IMF SWARA-FDWGA-PESTEL analysis for assessment of healthcare system. Oper Res Eng Sci: Theory Appl 5(1):139\u2013151","journal-title":"Oper Res Eng Sci: Theory Appl"},{"key":"7929_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2020.08.131","volume":"163","author":"GN Y\u00fccenur","year":"2021","unstructured":"Y\u00fccenur GN, Ipek\u00e7i A (2021) SWARA\/WASPAS methods for a marine current energy plant location selection problem. Renew Energy 163:1287\u20131298","journal-title":"Renew Energy"},{"issue":"6","key":"7929_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2009.11.067","volume":"37","author":"M Dursun","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dursun M, Karsak EE (2010) A fuzzy MCDM approach for personnel selection. Expert Syst Appl 37(6):4324\u20134330","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"issue":"2","key":"7929_CR45","first-page":"19","volume":"3","author":"D Bozanic","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bozanic D, Te\u0161i\u0107 D, Mili\u0107 A (2020) Multicriteria decision making model with Z-numbers based on FUCOM and MABAC model. Decis Mak: Appl Manag Eng 3(2):19\u201336","journal-title":"Decis Mak: Appl Manag Eng"},{"key":"7929_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2018.01.023","volume":"65","author":"N Zarbakhshnia","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zarbakhshnia N, Soleimani H, Ghaderi H (2018) Sustainable third-party reverse logistics provider evaluation and selection using fuzzy SWARA and developed fuzzy COPRAS in the presence of risk criteria. Appl Soft Comput 65:307\u2013319","journal-title":"Appl Soft Comput"},{"key":"7929_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86750","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3199359","volume":"10","author":"SJ Ghoushchi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ghoushchi SJ et al (2022) Evaluation of wind turbine failure modes using the developed SWARA-CoCoSo methods based on the spherical fuzzy environment. IEEE Access 10:86750\u201386764","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"10","key":"7929_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4278","DOI":"10.3390\/su12104278","volume":"12","author":"P Rani","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rani P et al (2020) Pythagorean fuzzy SWARA\u2013VIKOR framework for performance evaluation of solar panel selection. Sustainability 12(10):4278","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"1","key":"7929_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.15388\/20-INFOR439","volume":"32","author":"SJ Ghoushchi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ghoushchi SJ et al (2021) Risk prioritization in failure mode and effects analysis with extended SWARA and MOORA methods based on Z-numbers theory. Informatica 32(1):41\u201367","journal-title":"Informatica"},{"key":"7929_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2021.120955","volume":"171","author":"J He","year":"2021","unstructured":"He J et al (2021) Developing a new framework for conceptualizing the emerging sustainable community-based tourism using an extended interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy SWARA-MULTIMOORA. Technol Forecast Soc Chang 171:120955","journal-title":"Technol Forecast Soc Chang"},{"issue":"2","key":"7929_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.3390\/math10020253","volume":"10","author":"S Rahmati","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rahmati S et al (2022) Assessment and prioritize risk factors of financial measurement of management control system for production companies using a hybrid Z-SWARA and Z-WASPAS with FMEA method: a meta-analysis. Mathematics 10(2):253","journal-title":"Mathematics"},{"key":"7929_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2019.106231","volume":"140","author":"\u017d Stevi\u0107","year":"2020","unstructured":"Stevi\u0107 \u017d et al (2020) Sustainable supplier selection in healthcare industries using a new MCDM method: Measurement of alternatives and ranking according to COmpromise solution (MARCOS). Comput Ind Eng 140:106231","journal-title":"Comput Ind Eng"},{"issue":"1","key":"7929_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.3390\/logistics4010004","volume":"4","author":"\u017d Stevi\u0107","year":"2020","unstructured":"Stevi\u0107 \u017d, Brkovi\u0107 N (2020) A novel integrated FUCOM-MARCOS model for evaluation of human resources in a transport company. Logistics 4(1):4","journal-title":"Logistics"},{"key":"7929_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2021.110916","volume":"143","author":"F Ecer","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ecer F (2021) A consolidated MCDM framework for performance assessment of battery electric vehicles based on ranking strategies. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 143:110916","journal-title":"Renew Sustain Energy Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"7929_CR55","first-page":"49","volume":"3","author":"S Chakraborty","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chakraborty S, Chattopadhyay R, Chakraborty S (2020) An integrated D-MARCOS method for supplier selection in an iron and steel industry. Decis Mak: Appl Manag Eng 3(2):49\u201369","journal-title":"Decis Mak: Appl Manag Eng"},{"issue":"3","key":"7929_CR56","first-page":"423","volume":"19","author":"M Bak\u0131r","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bak\u0131r M, Akan \u015e, \u00d6zdemir E (2021) Regional aircraft selection with fuzzy piprecia and fuzzy marcos: a case study of the Turkish airline industry. Facta Univ Ser: Mech Eng 19(3):423\u2013445","journal-title":"Facta Univ Ser: Mech Eng"},{"issue":"4","key":"7929_CR57","first-page":"83","volume":"78","author":"M Madi\u0107","year":"2016","unstructured":"Madi\u0107 M, Petrovi\u0107 G (2016) Application of the ORESTE method for solving decision making problems in transportation and logistics. UPB Sci Bull Ser D: Mech Eng 78(4):83\u201394","journal-title":"UPB Sci Bull Ser D: Mech Eng"},{"issue":"3","key":"7929_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.3390\/math8030457","volume":"8","author":"M Stankovi\u0107","year":"2020","unstructured":"Stankovi\u0107 M et al (2020) A new fuzzy MARCOS method for road traffic risk analysis. Mathematics 8(3):457","journal-title":"Mathematics"},{"issue":"1","key":"7929_CR59","first-page":"127","volume":"4","author":"M Bak\u0131r","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bak\u0131r M, Atal\u0131k \u00d6 (2021) Application of fuzzy AHP and fuzzy MARCOS approach for the evaluation of e-service quality in the airline industry. Decis Mak: Appl Manag Eng 4(1):127\u2013152","journal-title":"Decis Mak: Appl Manag Eng"},{"key":"7929_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2021.107199","volume":"104","author":"F Ecer","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ecer F, Pamucar D (2021) MARCOS technique under intuitionistic fuzzy environment for determining the COVID-19 pandemic performance of insurance companies in terms of healthcare services. Appl Soft Comput 104:107199","journal-title":"Appl Soft Comput"},{"issue":"1","key":"7929_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.3233\/JIFS-181401","volume":"36","author":"F Kutlu G\u00fcndo\u011fdu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kutlu G\u00fcndo\u011fdu F, Kahraman C (2019) Spherical fuzzy sets and spherical fuzzy TOPSIS method. J Intell Fuzzy Syst 36(1):337\u2013352","journal-title":"J Intell Fuzzy Syst"},{"issue":"3","key":"7929_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-0255(75)90036-5","volume":"8","author":"LA Zadeh","year":"1975","unstructured":"Zadeh LA (1975) The concept of a linguistic variable and its application to approximate reasoning\u2014I. Inf Sci 8(3):199\u2013249","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"7929_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jairtraman.2020.101924","volume":"89","author":"K Kirac\u0131","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kirac\u0131 K, Akan E (2020) Aircraft selection by applying AHP and TOPSIS in interval type-2 fuzzy sets. J Air Transp Manag 89:101924","journal-title":"J Air Transp Manag"},{"key":"7929_CR64","unstructured":"Atanassov K (1988) Review and new results on intuitionistic fuzzy sets. Preprint Im-MFAIS-1-88, Sofia 5(1)"},{"key":"7929_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yager RR (2013) Pythagorean fuzzy subsets. In: 2013 joint IFSA world congress and NAFIPS annual meeting (IFSA\/NAFIPS). IEEE","DOI":"10.1109\/IFSA-NAFIPS.2013.6608375"},{"issue":"2","key":"7929_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1007\/s00574-018-0103-y","volume":"50","author":"S Ashraf","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ashraf S et al (2019) Different approaches to multi-criteria group decision making problems for picture fuzzy environment. Bull Braz Math Soc New Ser 50(2):373\u2013397","journal-title":"Bull Braz Math Soc New Ser"},{"issue":"6","key":"7929_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4607","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-019-04222-w","volume":"24","author":"F Kutlu G\u00fcndo\u011fdu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kutlu G\u00fcndo\u011fdu F, Kahraman C (2020) A novel spherical fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and its renewable energy application. Soft Comput 24(6):4607\u20134621","journal-title":"Soft Comput"},{"key":"7929_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G\u00fcndo\u011fdu FK, Kahraman C (2019) Extension of WASPAS with spherical fuzzy sets","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-23756-1_4"},{"issue":"2","key":"7929_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-4575(03)00006-X","volume":"36","author":"SC Wong","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wong SC et al (2004) A qualitative assessment methodology for road safety policy strategies. Accid Anal Prev 36(2):281\u2013293","journal-title":"Accid Anal Prev"},{"issue":"1","key":"7929_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-10-205","volume":"10","author":"R Siliquini","year":"2010","unstructured":"Siliquini R et al (2010) A European study on alcohol and drug use among young drivers: the TEND by Night study design and methodology. BMC Public Health 10(1):1\u20136","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"18","key":"7929_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7541","DOI":"10.3390\/su12187541","volume":"12","author":"G Guido","year":"2020","unstructured":"Guido G et al (2020) Feasibility of stochastic models for evaluation of potential factors for safety: a case study in Southern Italy. Sustainability 12(18):7541","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"4","key":"7929_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iatssr.2020.03.003","volume":"44","author":"AM Amiri","year":"2020","unstructured":"Amiri AM, Nadimi N, Yousefian A (2020) Comparing the efficiency of different computation intelligence techniques in predicting accident frequency. IATSS Res 44(4):285\u2013292","journal-title":"IATSS Res"},{"key":"7929_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2021.103188","volume":"128","author":"R Rahman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rahman R, Hasan S, Zaki MH (2021) Towards reducing the number of crashes during hurricane evacuation: assessing the potential safety impact of adaptive cruise control systems. Transp Res Part C: Emerg Technol 128:103188","journal-title":"Transp Res Part C: Emerg Technol"},{"key":"7929_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2021.106309","volume":"160","author":"C Fu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fu C, Sayed T, Zheng L (2021) Multi-type Bayesian hierarchical modeling of traffic conflict extremes for crash estimation. Accid Anal Prev 160:106309","journal-title":"Accid Anal Prev"},{"issue":"2","key":"7929_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.3390\/safety8020028","volume":"8","author":"G Guido","year":"2022","unstructured":"Guido G et al (2022) Evaluation of contributing factors affecting number of vehicles involved in crashes using machine learning techniques in rural roads of Cosenza, Italy. Safety 8(2):28","journal-title":"Safety"},{"key":"7929_CR76","volume":"34","author":"C Fu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fu C, Sayed T (2022) Bayesian dynamic extreme value modeling for conflict-based real-time safety analysis. Anal Methods Accid Res 34:100204","journal-title":"Anal Methods Accid Res"},{"key":"7929_CR77","unstructured":"BURC (2016) n. 123 del 27 Dicembre 2016, Piano Regionale dei Trasporti, Regione Calabria"},{"key":"7929_CR78","unstructured":"ISTAT (2021) Focus incidenti stradali Calabria 2020"},{"key":"7929_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10668-022-02119-7","author":"K Toker","year":"2022","unstructured":"Toker K, G\u00f6rener A (2022) Evaluation of circular economy business models for SMEs using spherical fuzzy TOPSIS: an application from a developing countries\u2019 perspective. Environ Dev Sustain. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10668-022-02119-7","journal-title":"Environ Dev Sustain"},{"key":"7929_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2021.106793","volume":"216","author":"M Akram","year":"2021","unstructured":"Akram M, Kahraman C, Zahid K (2021) Group decision-making based on complex spherical fuzzy VIKOR approach. Knowl-Based Syst 216:106793","journal-title":"Knowl-Based Syst"},{"key":"7929_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/2374955","volume":"2021","author":"M Kova\u010d","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kova\u010d M et al (2021) Novel spherical fuzzy MARCOS method for assessment of drone-based city logistics concepts. Complexity 2021:1\u201317","journal-title":"Complexity"},{"key":"7929_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2018.02.025","volume":"115","author":"JJ Rolison","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rolison JJ et al (2018) What are the factors that contribute to road accidents? An assessment of law enforcement views, ordinary drivers\u2019 opinions, and road accident records. Accid Anal Prev 115:11\u201324","journal-title":"Accid Anal Prev"},{"key":"7929_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/9780080555874","volume-title":"Traffic safety and human behavior","author":"D Shinar","year":"2007","unstructured":"Shinar D (2007) Traffic safety and human behavior. Elsevier, Amsterdam"},{"key":"7929_CR84","volume-title":"Global Status Report on Safety 2018","author":"WHO","year":"2018","unstructured":"WHO (2018) Global Status Report on Safety 2018. World Health Organization, SUI, Geneva"},{"key":"7929_CR85","volume-title":"Traffic Safety Facts 2019","author":"NHTSA","year":"2021","unstructured":"NHTSA (2021) Traffic Safety Facts 2019. U.S Department of Transportation, Washington, DC"}],"container-title":["Neural Computing and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00521-022-07929-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00521-022-07929-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00521-022-07929-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]],"date-time":"2023-01-30T05:24:09Z","timestamp":1675056249000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00521-022-07929-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]]},"references-count":85,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]}},"alternative-id":["7929"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00521-022-07929-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0941-0643","1433-3058"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0941-0643","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-3058","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 May 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 October 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 October 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest or financial conflicts to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}}]}}