{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T23:16:11Z","timestamp":1778195771204,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735603200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neural Comput &amp; Applic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00521-024-10880-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T04:12:17Z","timestamp":1735618337000},"page":"5325-5341","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Numerical prediction of ureter stone size using an integrated CFD-ML approach"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Muhammad Mubashar","family":"Ashraf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khurram","family":"Kamal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Fahad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4326-7384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N. F. M.","family":"Noor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tahir Abdul Hussain","family":"Ratlamwala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"10880_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2013.12.013","volume":"155","author":"CD Scales","year":"2014","unstructured":"Scales CD, Saigal CS, Hanley JM (2014) The impact of unplanned postprocedure visits in the management of patients with urinary stones. Surg 155:769\u2013775. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.surg.2013.12.013","journal-title":"Surg"},{"key":"10880_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-2700.76840","volume":"4","author":"SC Picozzi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Picozzi SC, Marenghi C, Casellato S, Ricci C, Gaeta M, Carmignani L (2011) Management of ureteral calculi and medical expulsive therapy in emergency departments. J Emerg Trauma Shock 4:70\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0974-2700.76840","journal-title":"J Emerg Trauma Shock"},{"key":"10880_CR3","first-page":"1","volume":"219","author":"E Sandegard","year":"1956","unstructured":"Sandegard E (1956) Prognosis of stone in the ureter. Acta Chir Scand Suppl 219:1\u201367","journal-title":"Acta Chir Scand Suppl"},{"key":"10880_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)38310-6","volume":"145","author":"RM Morse","year":"1991","unstructured":"Morse RM, Resnick MI (1991) Ureteral calculi: Natural history and treatment in an era of advanced technology. J Urol 145:263\u2013265. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)38310-6","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10880_CR5","unstructured":"Turk C, Knoll T, Petrik A (2015). Guidelines on Urolithiasis. European Association of Urology. http:\/\/www.uroweb.org\/guidelines\/online-guidelines\/. Accessed 11 Dec 2023"},{"key":"10880_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1610","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2007.09.039","volume":"52","author":"GM Preminger","year":"2007","unstructured":"Preminger GM, Tiselius HG, Assimos DG (2007) Guideline for the management of ureteral calculi. Eur Urol 52:1610\u20131631. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eururo.2007.09.039","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10880_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.303095146","volume":"30","author":"AR Kambadakone","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kambadakone AR, Eisner BH, Catalano OA, Sahani DV (2010) New and evolving concepts in the imaging and management of urolithiasis: urologists\u2019 perspective. Radiographics 30(3):603\u2013623. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/rg.303095146","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"11","key":"10880_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4775","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-017-4852-6","volume":"27","author":"J Jendeberg","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jendeberg J, Geijer H, Alshamari M et al (2017) Size matters: the width and location of a ureteral stone accurately predict the chance of spontaneous passage. Eur Radiol 27(11):4775\u20134785. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-017-4852-6","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"10880_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1711260","volume":"7","author":"WR Smythe","year":"1964","unstructured":"Smythe WR (1964) Flow around a spheroid in a circular tube. Phys Fluids 7:633\u2013638. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.1711260","journal-title":"Phys Fluids"},{"issue":"2","key":"10880_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1002\/cpa.3160050201","volume":"5","author":"MJ Lighthill","year":"1952","unstructured":"Lighthill MJ (1952) On the squirming motion of nearly spherical deformable bodies through liquids at very small Reynolds numbers. Commun Pure Appl Math 5(2):109\u2013118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cpa.3160050201","journal-title":"Commun Pure Appl Math"},{"issue":"1035","key":"10880_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1969.0088","volume":"174","author":"JM Fitz-Gerald","year":"1969","unstructured":"Fitz-Gerald JM (1969) Mechanics of red-cell motion through very narrow capillaries. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 174(1035):193\u2013227. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rspb.1969.0088","journal-title":"Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10880_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/S002211207800289X","volume":"87","author":"H Tozeren","year":"1978","unstructured":"Tozeren H, Skalak R (1978) The steady flow of closely fitting incompressible elastic spheres in a tube. J Fluid Mech 87(1):1\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S002211207800289X","journal-title":"J Fluid Mech"},{"issue":"4","key":"10880_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1177\/0284185114528490","volume":"56","author":"M Liden","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liden M, Thunberg P, Broxvall M, Geijer H (2015) Two- and threedimensional CT measurements of urinary calculi length and width: a comparative study. Acta Radiol 56(4):487\u2013492. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0284185114528490","journal-title":"Acta Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10880_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-011-9971-4","volume":"44","author":"S Sfoungaristos","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sfoungaristos S, Kavouras A, Perimenis P (2012) Predictors for spontaneous stone passage in patients with renal colic secondary to ureteral calculi. Int Urol Nephrol 44(1):71\u201379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11255-011-9971-4","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10880_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.146.273","volume":"146","author":"H Saeki","year":"1985","unstructured":"Saeki H, Morita T, Nishimoto T, Kondo S, Tsuchida S (1985) Changes in the ureteral peristaltic rate and the bolus volume in gradual and rapid urinary flow increase. Tohoku J Exp Med 146(3):273\u2013275. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1620\/tjem.146.273","journal-title":"Tohoku J Exp Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10880_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1001330302","volume":"133","author":"RT Woodburne","year":"1972","unstructured":"Woodburne RT, Lapides J (1972) The ureteral lumen during peristalsis. Am J Anat 133(3):255\u2013258. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/aja.1001330302","journal-title":"Am J Anat"},{"issue":"4","key":"10880_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1254\/jjp.62.331","volume":"62","author":"H Kontani","year":"1993","unstructured":"Kontani H, Ginkawa M, Sakai T (1993) A simple method for measurement of ureteric peristaltic function in vivo and the effects of drugs acting on ion channels applied from the ureter lumen in anesthetized rats. Jpn J Pharmacol 62(4):331\u2013338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1254\/jjp.62.331","journal-title":"Jpn J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10880_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00256181","volume":"3","author":"H Melchior","year":"1975","unstructured":"Melchior H (1975) Urodynamics. Urol Res 3(2):51\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00256181","journal-title":"Urol Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10880_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.1996.tb00267.x","volume":"8","author":"H Gregersen","year":"1996","unstructured":"Gregersen H, Kassab G (1996) Biomechanics of the gastro-intestinal tract. Neurogastroenterol Motil 8(4):277\u2013297. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2982.1996.tb00267.x","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"10880_CR20","unstructured":"Jim\u00e9nez-Lozano J (2009) Peristaltic flow with application to ureteral biomechanics. Ph.D. thesis, Notre Dame University, Indiana"},{"issue":"7","key":"10880_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/32\/7\/002","volume":"32","author":"DJ Griffiths","year":"1987","unstructured":"Griffiths DJ (1987) Dynamics of the upper urinary tract: I. Peristaltic flow through a distensible tube of limited length. Phys Med Biol 32(7):813\u2013822. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/0031-9155\/32\/7\/002","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10880_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/s00240-024-01538-7","volume":"52","author":"M Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang M, Zhang Y, Tong H (2024) Comparison of ureteral stone measurements for predicting the efficacy of a single session of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy: one-, two-, and three-dimensional computed tomography measurements. Urolithiasis 52(1):43. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00240-024-01538-7","journal-title":"Urolithiasis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10880_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-024-04813-9","volume":"42","author":"Y Choi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Choi Y, Lee DH, Choi YH (2024) Predictors for emergency readmission in patients with ureteral calculi: a focus on pain management and stone location. World J Urol 42(1):119. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00345-024-04813-9","journal-title":"World J Urol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10880_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-024-04874-w","volume":"42","author":"MA Elbaset","year":"2024","unstructured":"Elbaset MA, Taha DE, Anas M, Elghareeb A, Abouelkheir RT, Ashour R, Sheir KZ, Osman Y (2024) Ureteral wall thickness as a predictor for non-invasive treatment success for steinstrasse. Can we save time? World J Urol 42(1):151. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00345-024-04874-w","journal-title":"World J Urol"},{"key":"10880_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-36212-5","volume-title":"The ureter a comprehensive review","author":"M Abdel-Gawad","year":"2024","unstructured":"Abdel-Gawad M, Ali-El-Dein B, Barry J, Stenzl A (2024) The ureter a comprehensive review. Springer, Cham. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-36212-5"},{"key":"10880_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2754346","volume":"19","author":"GJ Sheard","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sheard GJ, Leweke T, Thompson MC, Hourigan K (2007) Flow around an impulsively arrested circular cylinder. Phys Fluids 19:083601. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.2754346","journal-title":"Phys Fluids"},{"issue":"2","key":"10880_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcp.2004.02.013","volume":"197","author":"HM Blackburn","year":"2004","unstructured":"Blackburn HM, Sherwin SJ (2004) Formulation of a Galerkin spectral element\u2013Fourier method for three-dimensional incompressible flow in cylindrical geometries. J Comput Phys 197(2):759\u2013778. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcp.2004.02.013","journal-title":"J Comput Phys"},{"issue":"1","key":"10880_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-9274(91)90102-6","volume":"7","author":"TA Zang","year":"1991","unstructured":"Zang TA (1991) On the rotation and skew-symmetric forms for incompressible flow simulations. Appl Numer Math 7(1):27\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0168-9274(91)90102-6","journal-title":"Appl Numer Math"},{"key":"10880_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2156(08)70077-2","volume":"32","author":"JZ Wu","year":"1996","unstructured":"Wu JZ, Wu JM (1996) Vorticity dynamics on boundaries. Adv Appl Mech 32:119\u2013275. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0065-2156(08)70077-2","journal-title":"Adv Appl Mech"},{"issue":"2","key":"10880_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9991(91)90007-8","volume":"97","author":"GE Karniadakis","year":"1991","unstructured":"Karniadakis GE, Israeli M, Orszag SA (1991) High-order splitting methods for the incompressible Navier\u2013Stokes equations. J Comput Phys 97(2):414\u2013443. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0021-9991(91)90007-8","journal-title":"J Comput Phys"},{"key":"10880_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780198528692.001.0001","volume-title":"Spectral\/HP element methods for computational fluid dynamics","author":"GE Karniadakis","year":"2005","unstructured":"Karniadakis GE, Sherwin SJ (2005) Spectral\/HP element methods for computational fluid dynamics. Oxford University Press, Oxford. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780198528692.001.0001"},{"key":"10880_CR32","volume-title":"Artificial neural networks: concepts and theory","author":"P Mehra","year":"1992","unstructured":"Mehra P, Wah BW (1992) Artificial neural networks: concepts and theory. IEEE Computer Society Press, California"},{"key":"10880_CR33","unstructured":"Balaji J (2017). Artificial neural networks\u2014theory and Applications. Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur"},{"key":"10880_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Uzair M, Jamil N (2020) Effects of hidden layers on the efficiency of neural networks. In: 2020 IEEE 23rd international multitopic conference (INMIC), Bahawalpur, Pakistan, pp 1\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/INMIC50486.2020.9318195","DOI":"10.1109\/INMIC50486.2020.9318195"}],"container-title":["Neural Computing and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00521-024-10880-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00521-024-10880-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00521-024-10880-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T21:46:47Z","timestamp":1740779207000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00521-024-10880-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10880"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00521-024-10880-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0941-0643","1433-3058"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0941-0643","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-3058","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 December 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 December 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 December 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The researchers report unknown conflict of interest associated with the preparation, submission, or publication of this research article.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}