{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T09:14:30Z","timestamp":1781169270676,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":224,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]],"date-time":"2021-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622073600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]],"date-time":"2021-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Multimedia Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00530-021-00813-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]],"date-time":"2021-05-27T10:08:06Z","timestamp":1622110086000},"page":"141-160","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Camouflage design, assessment and breaking techniques: a survey"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4808-8860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ajoy","family":"Mondal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"813_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Achanta, R., Estrada, F., Wils, P., S\u00fcsstrunk, S.: Salient region detection and segmentation. In: International conference on computer vision systems, pp. 66\u201375. Springer, New York (2008)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-79547-6_7"},{"key":"813_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Achanta, R., Hemami, S., Estrada, F., Susstrunk, S.: Frequency-tuned salient region detection. In: 2009 IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, pp. 1597\u20131604. IEEE (2009)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2009.5206596"},{"issue":"1684","key":"813_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2009.1694","volume":"277","author":"JJ Allen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Allen, J.J., M\u00e4thger, L.M., Barbosa, A., Buresch, K.C., Sogin, E., Schwartz, J., Chubb, C., Hanlon, R.T.: Cuttlefish dynamic camouflage: responses to substrate choice and integration of multiple visual cues. Proc. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci. 277(1684), 1031\u20131039 (2010)","journal-title":"Proc. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"813_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.200390116","volume":"15","author":"AC Arsenault","year":"2003","unstructured":"Arsenault, A.C., M\u00edguez, H., Kitaev, V., Ozin, G.A., Manners, I.: A polychromic, fast response metallopolymer gel photonic crystal with solvent and redox tunability: A step towards photonic ink (p-ink). Adv. Mater. 15(6), 503\u2013507 (2003)","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"issue":"8","key":"813_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2007.140","volume":"1","author":"AC Arsenault","year":"2007","unstructured":"Arsenault, A.C., Puzzo, D.P., Manners, I., Ozin, G.A.: Photonic-crystal full-colour displays. Nat. Photonics 1(8), 468\u2013472 (2007)","journal-title":"Nat. Photonics"},{"key":"813_CR6","unstructured":"Aviram, C., Rotman, S.: Evaluating TNO human target detection experimental results agreement with various image metrics. Tech. rep., BEN-GURION UNIV OF THE NEGEV BEERSHEBA (ISRAEL) DEPT OF ELECTRICAL AND (2000)"},{"key":"813_CR7","unstructured":"Aviram, G., Rotman, S.: Modeling human false target detection decision behavior in infrared images, using a statistical texture image metric. In: 21st IEEE Convention of the Electrical and Electronic Engineers in Israel. Proceedings (Cat. No. 00EX377), pp. 393\u2013397. IEEE (2000)"},{"issue":"8","key":"813_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2285","DOI":"10.1117\/1.1304925","volume":"39","author":"G Aviram","year":"2000","unstructured":"Aviram, G., Rotman, S.R.: Evaluating human detection performance of targets and false alarms, using a statistical texture image metric. Opt. Eng. 39(8), 2285\u20132295 (2000)","journal-title":"Opt. Eng."},{"issue":"9","key":"813_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1117\/1.1390296","volume":"40","author":"G Aviram","year":"2001","unstructured":"Aviram, G., Rotman, S.R.: Analyzing the effect of imagery wavelength on the agreement between various image metrics and human detection performance of targets embedded in natural images. Opt. Eng. 40(9), 1877\u20131884 (2001)","journal-title":"Opt. Eng."},{"key":"813_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bai, X., Liao, N., Wu, W.: Assessment of camouflage effectiveness based on perceived color difference and gradient magnitude. Sensors 20(17), (2020)","DOI":"10.3390\/s20174672"},{"key":"813_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2015.06.049","volume":"324","author":"L Bao","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bao, L., Zhou, Y.: Image encryption: Generating visually meaningful encrypted images. Inf. Sci. 324, 197\u2013207 (2015)","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"issue":"1726","key":"813_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2011.0196","volume":"279","author":"A Barbosa","year":"2012","unstructured":"Barbosa, A., Allen, J.J., M\u00e4thger, L.M., Hanlon, R.T.: Cuttlefish use visual cues to determine arm postures for camouflage. Proc. R. Soc. Biol. Sci. 279(1726), 84\u201390 (2012)","journal-title":"Proc. R. Soc. Biol. Sci."},{"issue":"10","key":"813_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2008.02.011","volume":"48","author":"A Barbosa","year":"2008","unstructured":"Barbosa, A., M\u00e4thger, L.M., Buresch, K.C., Kelly, J., Chubb, C., Chiao, C.C., Hanlon, R.T.: Cuttlefish camouflage: the effects of substrate contrast and size in evoking uniform, mottle or disruptive body patterns. Vis. Res. 48(10), 1242\u20131253 (2008)","journal-title":"Vis. Res."},{"issue":"21","key":"813_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optcom.2010.06.059","volume":"283","author":"Y Beiderman","year":"2010","unstructured":"Beiderman, Y., Teicher, M., Garcia, J., Mico, V., Zalevsky, Z.: Optical technique for classification, recognition and identification of obscured objects. Opt. Commun. 283(21), 4274\u20134282 (2010)","journal-title":"Opt. Commun."},{"key":"813_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bhajantri, N.U., Nagabhushan, P.: Camouflage defect identification: a novel approach. In: 9th IEEE International Conference on Information Technology, ICIT\u201906, pp. 145\u2013148 (2006)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIT.2006.34"},{"key":"813_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bian, P., Zhang, L.: Biological plausibility of spectral domain approach for spatiotemporal visual saliency. In: International conference on neural information processing, pp. 251\u2013258. Springer (2008)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-02490-0_31"},{"key":"813_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bideau, P., Learned-Miller, E.: It\u2019s moving! a probabilistic model for causal motion segmentation in moving camera videos. In: European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), pp. 433\u2013449. Springer (2016)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-46484-8_26"},{"key":"813_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bilen, H., Vedaldi, A.: Weakly supervised deep detection networks. In: CVPR, pp. 2846\u20132854 (2016)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.311"},{"issue":"9","key":"813_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1835","DOI":"10.1117\/1.1389865","volume":"40","author":"CM Birkemark","year":"2001","unstructured":"Birkemark, C.M.: CAMEVA, a methodology for estimation of target detectability. Opt. Eng. 40(9), 1835\u20131843 (2001)","journal-title":"Opt. Eng."},{"key":"813_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bolya, D., Zhou, C., Xiao, F., Lee, Y.J.: Yolact++: Better real-time instance segmentation. arXiv (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2019.00925"},{"key":"813_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bolya, D., Zhou, C., Xiao, F., Lee, Y.J.: Yolact: Real-time instance segmentation. In: Proceedings of the IEEE international conference on computer vision, pp. 9157\u20139166 (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2019.00925"},{"issue":"4","key":"813_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.3758\/APP.71.4.950","volume":"71","author":"WR Boot","year":"2009","unstructured":"Boot, W.R., Neider, M.B., Kramer, A.F.: Training and transfer of training in the search for camouflaged targets. Atten. Percept. Psychophys. 71(4), 950\u2013963 (2009)","journal-title":"Atten. Percept. Psychophys."},{"issue":"12","key":"813_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5706","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2015.2487833","volume":"24","author":"A Borji","year":"2015","unstructured":"Borji, A., Cheng, M.M., Jiang, H., Li, J.: Salient object detection: A benchmark. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 24(12), 5706\u20135722 (2015)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Image Process."},{"issue":"10","key":"813_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1382","DOI":"10.1109\/5.959337","volume":"89","author":"TE Boult","year":"2001","unstructured":"Boult, T.E., Micheals, R.J., Gao, X., Eckmann, M.: Into the woods: Visual surveillance of noncooperative and camouflaged targets in complex outdoor settings. Proc. IEEE 89(10), 1382\u20131402 (2001)","journal-title":"Proc. IEEE"},{"issue":"6","key":"813_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1167\/3.6.2","volume":"3","author":"MJ Brady","year":"2003","unstructured":"Brady, M.J., Kersten, D.: Bootstrapped learning of novel objects. J. Vis. 3(6), 413\u2013422 (2003)","journal-title":"J. Vis."},{"issue":"1","key":"813_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1167\/8.1.23","volume":"8","author":"MJ Bravo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bravo, M.J., Farid, H.: A scale invariant measure of clutter. J. Vis. 8(1), 23\u201323 (2008)","journal-title":"J. Vis."},{"issue":"3","key":"813_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1167\/9.3.5","volume":"9","author":"ND Bruce","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bruce, N.D., Tsotsos, J.K.: Saliency, attention, and visual search: An information theoretic approach. J. Vis. 9(3), 5\u20135 (2009)","journal-title":"J. Vis."},{"key":"813_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cai, Z., Vasconcelos, N.: Cascade r-cnn: Delving into high quality object detection. In: Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, pp. 6154\u20136162 (2018)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00644"},{"issue":"6","key":"813_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.1986.4767851","volume":"8","author":"J Canny","year":"1986","unstructured":"Canny, J.: A computational approach to edge detection. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 8(6), 679\u2013698 (1986)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"813_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chandesa, T., Pridmore, T., Bargiela, A.: Detecting occlusion and camouflage during visual tracking. In: IEEE International Conference on Signal and Image Processing Applications (ICSIPA), pp. 468\u2013473 (2009)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSIPA.2009.5478700"},{"issue":"2","key":"813_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.2466\/24.PMS.114.2.527-541","volume":"114","author":"CC Chang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chang, C.C., Lee, Y.H., Lin, C.J., Liu, B.S., Shih, Y.C.: Visual assessment of camouflaged targets with different background similarities. Percept. Mot. Skills 114(2), 527\u2013541 (2012)","journal-title":"Percept. Mot. Skills"},{"key":"813_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, H., Sun, K., Tian, Z., Shen, C., Huang, Y., Yan, Y.: Blendmask: Top-down meets bottom-up for instance segmentation. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 8573\u20138581 (2020)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.00860"},{"key":"813_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, K., Pang, J., Wang, J., Xiong, Y., Li, X., Sun, S., Feng, W., Liu, Z., Shi, J., Ouyang, W., et\u00a0al.: Hybrid task cascade for instance segmentation. In: Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, pp. 4974\u20134983 (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00511"},{"key":"813_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infrared.2018.11.001","volume":"95","author":"XP Cheng","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cheng, X.P., Zhao, D.P., Yu, Z.J., Zhang, J.H., Bian, J.T., Yu, D.B.: Effectiveness evaluation of infrared camouflage using image saliency. Infrared Phys. Technol. 95, 213\u2013221 (2018)","journal-title":"Infrared Phys. Technol."},{"key":"813_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cho, W.J., Kim, M., Lee, E., Kim, S., Han, J., Han, K.H.: Camouflage assessment of color pattern strategies in different environmental contexts. In: C.\u00a0Stephanidis (ed.) HCI International 2015 - Posters\u2019 Extended Abstracts, pp. 170\u2013173. Springer International Publishing (2015)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-21380-4_30"},{"issue":"4","key":"813_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1145\/1778765.1778788","volume":"29","author":"HK Chu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chu, H.K., Hsu, W.H., Mitra, N.J., Cohen-Or, D., Wong, T.T., Lee, T.Y.: Camouflage images. ACM Trans. Graph. 29(4), 51\u201359 (2010)","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Graph."},{"key":"813_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Conte, D., Foggia, P., Percannella, G., Tufano, F., Vento, M.: An algorithm for detection of partially camouflaged people. In: 6th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Video and Signal Based Surveillance, AVSS\u201909, pp. 340\u2013345 (2009)","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2009.83"},{"key":"813_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Copeland, A.C., Trivedi, M.M.: Models and metrics for signature strength evaluation of camouflaged targets. In: Algorithms for synthetic aperture radar imagery IV, vol. 3070, pp. 194\u2013199. International Society for Optics and Photonics (1997)","DOI":"10.1117\/12.281557"},{"key":"813_CR39","first-page":"194","volume":"3070","author":"AC Copeland","year":"1997","unstructured":"Copeland, A.C., Trivedi, M.M.: Models and metrics for signature strength evaluation of camouflaged targets. SPIE 3070, 194\u2013199 (1997)","journal-title":"SPIE"},{"issue":"2","key":"813_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1117\/1.601858","volume":"37","author":"AC Copeland","year":"1998","unstructured":"Copeland, A.C., Trivedi, M.M.: Signature strength metrics for camouflaged targets corresponding to human perceptual cues. Opt. Eng. 37(2), 582\u2013591 (1998)","journal-title":"Opt. Eng."},{"issue":"9","key":"813_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1885","DOI":"10.1117\/1.1390297","volume":"40","author":"AC Copeland","year":"2001","unstructured":"Copeland, A.C., Trivedi, M.M.: Computational models for search and discrimination. Opt. Eng. 40(9), 1885\u20131895 (2001)","journal-title":"Opt. Eng."},{"issue":"6","key":"813_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1714","DOI":"10.1117\/1.600760","volume":"35","author":"AC Copeland","year":"1996","unstructured":"Copeland, A.C., Trivedi, M.M., McManamey, J.R.: Evaluation of image metrics for target discrimination using psychophysical experiments. Opt. Eng. 35(6), 1714\u20131722 (1996)","journal-title":"Opt. Eng."},{"key":"813_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cordts, M., Omran, M., Ramos, S., Rehfeld, T., Enzweiler, M., Benenson, R., Franke, U., Roth, S., Schiele, B.: The cityscapes dataset for semantic urban scene understanding. In: Proc. of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) (2016)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.350"},{"key":"813_CR44","unstructured":"Cordts, M., Omran, M., Ramos, S., Scharw\u00e4chter, T., Enzweiler, M., Benenson, R., Franke, U., Roth, S., Schiele, B.: The cityscapes dataset. In: CVPR Workshop on The Future of Datasets in Vision (2015)"},{"key":"813_CR45","unstructured":"Cott, H.B.: Adaptive coloration in animals (1940)"},{"key":"813_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Crawford, E., Pineau, J.: Spatially invariant unsupervised object detection with convolutional neural networks. In: Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pp. 3412\u20133420 (2019)","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v33i01.33013412"},{"issue":"12","key":"813_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123101","DOI":"10.1117\/1.OE.54.12.123101","volume":"54","author":"JB Culpepper","year":"2015","unstructured":"Culpepper, J.B.: Texture metric that predicts target detection performance. Opt. Eng. 54(12), 123101 (2015)","journal-title":"Opt. Eng."},{"key":"813_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dehui, Z., Pengye, W., Hengbo, Z., Zongge, D.: Camouflage effectiveness assessment based on fusion with constant color background. In: Journal of Physics: Conference Series. IOP Publishing (2018)","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/1060\/1\/012009"},{"key":"813_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Du, H., Jin, X., Mao, X.: Digital camouflage images using two-scale decomposition. In: Computer Graphics Forum, vol.\u00a031, pp. 2203\u20132212. Wiley Online Library (2012)","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8659.2012.03213.x"},{"key":"813_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Du, H., Shu, L.: Camouflage images based on mean value interpolation. In: Proceedings of the 2012 International Conference on Information Technology and Software Engineering, pp. 775\u2013782. Springer (2013)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-34531-9_82"},{"key":"813_CR51","unstructured":"Dwaraknath, A., Menghani, D., Mongia, M.: Fast unsupervised object localization (2016)"},{"key":"813_CR52","unstructured":"Everingham, M., Van\u00a0Gool, L., Williams, C.K.I., Winn, J., Zisserman, A.: The PASCAL Visual Object Classes Challenge 2012 (VOC2012) Results. http:\/\/www.pascal-network.org\/challenges\/VOC\/voc2012\/workshop\/index.html"},{"key":"813_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fan, D.P., Ji, G.P., Sun, G., Cheng, M.M., Shen, J., Shao, L.: Camouflaged object detection. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 2777\u20132787 (2020)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.00285"},{"key":"813_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fang, Z., Zhang, X., Deng, X., Cao, T., Zheng, C.: Camouflage people detection via strong semantic dilation network. In: Proceedings of the ACM Turing Celebration Conference-China, pp. 1\u20137 (2019)","DOI":"10.1145\/3321408.3326662"},{"issue":"8","key":"813_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2006.06.011","volume":"10","author":"JH Fecteau","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fecteau, J.H., Munoz, D.P.: Salience, relevance, and firing: a priority map for target selection. Trends Cogn. Sci. 10(8), 382\u2013390 (2006)","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"813_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/s00530-014-0368-y","volume":"21","author":"X Feng","year":"2015","unstructured":"Feng, X., Guoying, C., Richang, H., Jing, G.: Camouflage texture evaluation using a saliency map. Multimed. Syst. 21(2), 169\u2013175 (2015)","journal-title":"Multimed. Syst."},{"issue":"4","key":"813_CR57","first-page":"81","volume":"18","author":"M Fri\u0161kovec","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fri\u0161kovec, M., Gabrijel\u010di\u010d, H.: Development of a procedure for camouflage pattern design. Fibres Textiles Eastern Europe 18(4), 81 (2010)","journal-title":"Fibres Textiles Eastern Europe"},{"key":"813_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fri\u0161kovec, M., Gabrijel\u010di\u010d, H., Simon\u010di\u010d, B.: Design and evaluation of a camouflage pattern for the Slovenian urban environment. Journal of imaging science and technology 54(2), 20507\u20131\u201320507\u201311 (2010)","DOI":"10.2352\/J.ImagingSci.Technol.2010.54.2.020507"},{"key":"813_CR59","unstructured":"Fu, C.Y., Shvets, M., Berg, A.C.: RetinaMask: Learning to predict masks improves state-of-the-art single-shot detection for free. arXiv (2019)"},{"key":"813_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Galun, M., Sharon, E., Basri, R., Brandt, A.: Texture segmentation by multiscale aggregation of filter responses and shape elements. In: Proceedings of 9th IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 716\u2013723 (2003)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2003.1238418"},{"issue":"7","key":"813_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1167\/8.7.13","volume":"8","author":"D Gao","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gao, D., Mahadevan, V., Vasconcelos, N.: On the plausibility of the discriminant center-surround hypothesis for visual saliency. J. Vis. 8(7), 13\u201313 (2008)","journal-title":"J. Vis."},{"key":"813_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gao, J., Wang, J., Dai, S., Li, L.J., Nevatia, R.: Note-rcnn: Noise tolerant ensemble rcnn for semi-supervised object detection. In: ICCV, pp. 9508\u20139517 (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2019.00960"},{"key":"813_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gretzmacher, F.M., Ruppert, G.S., Nyberg, S.: Camouflage assessment considering human perception data. In: Aerospace\/Defense Sensing and Controls, pp. 58\u201367 (1998)","DOI":"10.1117\/12.327177"},{"key":"813_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gretzmacher, F.M., Ruppert, G.S., Nyberg, S.: Camouflage assessment considering human perception data. In: Watkins, W.R., Clement, D. (eds.) Targets and Backgrounds: Characterization and Representation IV, vol. 3375, pp. 58\u201367. International Society for Optics and Photonics, SPIE (1998)","DOI":"10.1117\/12.327177"},{"key":"813_CR65","unstructured":"Guo, C., Ma, Q., Zhang, L.: Spatio-temporal saliency detection using phase spectrum of quaternion fourier transform. In: 2008 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 1\u20138. IEEE (2008)"},{"issue":"1","key":"813_CR66","first-page":"185","volume":"19","author":"C Guo","year":"2009","unstructured":"Guo, C., Zhang, L.: A novel multiresolution spatiotemporal saliency detection model and its applications in image and video compression. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 19(1), 185\u2013198 (2009)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Image Process."},{"issue":"11","key":"813_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R400","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2007.03.034","volume":"17","author":"R Hanlon","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hanlon, R.: Cephalopod dynamic camouflage. Curr. Biol. 17(11), R400\u2013R404 (2007)","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"813_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harel, J., Koch, C., Perona, P.: Graph-based visual saliency (2007)","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/7503.003.0073"},{"key":"813_CR69","unstructured":"Harville, M., Gordon, G., Woodfill, J.: Foreground segmentation using adaptive mixture models in color and depth. In: Proceedings of IEEE Workshop on Detection and Recognition of Events in Video, pp. 3\u201311 (2001)"},{"key":"813_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"He, K., Gkioxari, G., Doll\u00e1r, P., Girshick, R.: Mask r-cnn. In: Proceedings of the IEEE international conference on computer vision, pp. 2961\u20132969 (2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2017.322"},{"issue":"9","key":"813_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.3390\/sym10090375","volume":"10","author":"Z He","year":"2018","unstructured":"He, Z., He, H.: Unsupervised multi-object detection for video surveillance using memory-based recurrent attention networks. Symmetry 10(9), 375\u2013388 (2018)","journal-title":"Symmetry"},{"key":"813_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hecker, R.: Camaeleon\u2013camouflage assessment by evaluation of local energy, spatial frequency, and orientation. In: Characterization, Propagation, and Simulation of Sources and Backgrounds II, vol. 1687, pp. 342\u2013349. International Society for Optics and Photonics (1992)","DOI":"10.1117\/12.137861"},{"key":"813_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Heinrich, D.H., Selj, G.K.: Evaluation of camouflage pattern performance of textiles by human observers and camaeleon. In: Target and Background Signatures III, vol. 10432, p. 1043206. International Society for Optics and Photonics (2017)","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2277908"},{"key":"813_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvcir.2017.11.014","volume":"53","author":"D Hou","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hou, D., Qin, C., Yu, N., Zhang, W.: Reversible visual transformation via exploring the correlations within color images. J. Vis. Commun. Image Represent. 53, 134\u2013145 (2018)","journal-title":"J. Vis. Commun. Image Represent."},{"key":"813_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvcir.2016.06.018","volume":"40","author":"D Hou","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hou, D., Zhang, W., Yu, N.: Image camouflage by reversible image transformation. J. Vis. Commun. Image Represent. 40, 225\u2013236 (2016)","journal-title":"J. Vis. Commun. Image Represent."},{"key":"813_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hou, J.Y.Y.H.W., Li, J.: Detection of the mobile object with camouflage color under dynamic background based on optical flow. Procedia Engineering 15, 2201\u20132205 (2011)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proeng.2011.08.412"},{"key":"813_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hou, X., Zhang, L.: Saliency detection: A spectral residual approach. In: 2007 IEEE Conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, pp. 1\u20138. IEEE (2007)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2007.383267"},{"key":"813_CR78","unstructured":"Houlbrook, A.W., Gilmore, M.A., Moorhead, I.R., Filbee, D.R., Stroud, C.A., Hutchings, G., Kirk, A.: Scene simulation for camouflage assessment. In: Targets and Backgrounds VI: Characterization, Visualization, and the Detection Process, vol. 4029, pp. 247\u2013255. International Society for Optics and Photonics (2000)"},{"key":"813_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hu, Y., Xie, X., Ma, W.Y., Chia, L.T., Rajan, D.: Salient region detection using weighted feature maps based on the human visual attention model. In: Pacific-Rim Conference on Multimedia, pp. 993\u20131000. Springer (2004)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-30542-2_122"},{"key":"813_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang, Z., Huang, L., Gong, Y., Huang, C., Wang, X.: Mask scoring r-cnn. In: Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, pp. 6409\u20136418 (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00657"},{"key":"813_CR81","unstructured":"Huang, Z.Q., Jiang, Z.: Tracking camouflaged objects with weighted region consolidation. In: Proceedings of Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications, DICTA\u201905, pp. 24\u201331 (2005)"},{"issue":"6","key":"813_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1080\/13506280444000661","volume":"12","author":"L Itti","year":"2005","unstructured":"Itti, L.: Quantifying the contribution of low-level saliency to human eye movements in dynamic scenes. Vis. Cogn. 12(6), 1093\u20131123 (2005)","journal-title":"Vis. Cogn."},{"issue":"11","key":"813_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.1109\/34.730558","volume":"20","author":"L Itti","year":"1998","unstructured":"Itti, L., Koch, C., Niebur, E.: A model of saliency-based visual attention for rapid scene analysis. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 20(11), 1254\u20131259 (1998)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"813_CR84","unstructured":"Jeong, J., Lee, S., Kim, J., Kwak, N.: Consistency-based semi-supervised learning for object detection. In: H.M. Wallach, H. Larochelle, A. Beygelzimer, F. d\u2019Alch\u00e9-Buc, E.B. Fox, R. Garnett (eds.) NIPS, pp. 10758\u201310767 (2019)"},{"key":"813_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ji, X., Henriques, J.F., Vedaldi, A.: Invariant information clustering for unsupervised image classification and segmentation. In: ICCV, pp. 9865\u20139874 (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2019.00996"},{"key":"813_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jia, Q., Liu, J., Hu, J., Liu, J., Zhu, L., Lin, Z.: Evaluation of camouflage effect based on statistical texture features. In: Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science, pp. 822\u2013825 (2019)","DOI":"10.1145\/3349341.3349520"},{"key":"813_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5402\/2011\/173176","volume":"2011","author":"Z Jiang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jiang, Z.: Object modelling and tracking in videos via multidimensional features. ISRN Signal Process. 2011, 1\u201315 (2011)","journal-title":"ISRN Signal Process."},{"issue":"10","key":"813_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1016\/S0262-8856(03)00076-3","volume":"21","author":"P KaewTrakulPong","year":"2003","unstructured":"KaewTrakulPong, P., Bowden, R.: A real time adaptive visual surveillance system for tracking low-resolution colour targets in dynamically changing scenes. Image Vis. Comput. 21(10), 913\u2013929 (2003)","journal-title":"Image Vis. Comput."},{"key":"813_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optlaseng.2016.10.009","volume":"90","author":"A Kanso","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kanso, A., Ghebleh, M.: An algorithm for encryption of secret images into meaningful images. Opt. Lasers Eng. 90, 196\u2013208 (2017)","journal-title":"Opt. Lasers Eng."},{"issue":"11","key":"813_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1757","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.015149","volume":"211","author":"EJ Kelman","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kelman, E.J., Osorio, D., Baddeley, R.J.: A review of cuttlefish camouflage and object recognition and evidence for depth perception. J. Exp. Biol. 211(11), 1757\u20131763 (2008)","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"813_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, H., Ge, J., Kim, J., Choi, S.e., Lee, H., Lee, H., Park, W., Yin, Y., Kwon, S.: Structural colour printing using a magnetically tunable and lithographically fixable photonic crystal. Nature Photonics 3(9), 534\u2013540 (2009)","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2009.141"},{"key":"813_CR92","first-page":"1","volume":"2014","author":"S Kim","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kim, S.: Unsupervised spectral-spatial feature selection-based camouflaged object detection using VNIR hyperspectral camera. Sci. World J. 2014, 1\u20138 (2014)","journal-title":"Sci. World J."},{"key":"813_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koch, C., Ullman, S.: Shifts in selective visual attention: towards the underlying neural circuitry. In: Matters of intelligence, pp. 115\u2013141. Springer (1987)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-009-3833-5_5"},{"issue":"3","key":"813_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2011.2135853","volume":"6","author":"IJ Lai","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lai, I.J., Tsai, W.H.: Secret-fragment-visible mosaic image-a new computer art and its application to information hiding. IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensics Secur. 6(3), 936\u2013945 (2011)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensics Secur."},{"issue":"2","key":"813_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-013-1381-4","volume":"73","author":"RK Lama","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lama, R.K., Han, S.J., Kwon, G.R.: Svd based improved secret fragment visible mosaic image generation for information hiding. Multimed. Tools Appl. 73(2), 873\u2013886 (2014)","journal-title":"Multimed. Tools Appl."},{"key":"813_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lamdouar, H., Yang, C., Xie, W., Zisserman, A.: Betrayed by motion: Camouflaged object discovery via motion segmentation. In: Asian Conference on Computer Vision (ACCV) (2020)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-69532-3_30"},{"key":"813_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2019.04.006","volume":"184","author":"TN Le","year":"2019","unstructured":"Le, T.N., Nguyen, T.V., Nie, Z., Tran, M.T., Sugimoto, A.: Anabranch network for camouflaged object segmentation. Comput. Vis. Image Underst. 184, 45\u201356 (2019)","journal-title":"Comput. Vis. Image Underst."},{"key":"813_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Le, T.N., Nguyen, V., Le, C., Nguyen, T.C., Tran, M.T., Nguyen, T.V.: Camoufinder: Finding camouflaged instances in images. In: AAAI (2021)","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v35i18.18015"},{"key":"813_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee, Y., Park, J.: Centermask: Real-time anchor-free instance segmentation. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 13906\u201313915 (2020)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.01392"},{"issue":"4","key":"813_CR100","first-page":"695","volume":"24","author":"YL Lee","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lee, Y.L., Tsai, W.H.: A new secure image transmission technique via secret-fragment-visible mosaic images by nearly reversible color transformations. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol. 24(4), 695\u2013703 (2013)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol."},{"issue":"10","key":"813_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.20112","volume":"26","author":"S Lev-Yadun","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lev-Yadun, S., Dafni, A., Flaishman, M.A., Inbar, M., Izhaki, I., Katzir, G., Ne\u2019eman, G.: Plant coloration undermines herbivorous insect camouflage. BioEssays 26(10), 1126\u20131130 (2004)","journal-title":"BioEssays"},{"key":"813_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, C., Zhao, X., Wan, Y.: The camouflage color target detection with deep networks. In: International Conference on Neural Information Processing, pp. 476\u2013485. Springer (2017)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-70090-8_49"},{"issue":"8","key":"813_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3918","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2018.2828329","volume":"27","author":"S Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li, S., Florencio, D., Li, W., Zhao, Y., Cook, C.: A fusion framework for camouflaged moving foreground detection in the wavelet domain. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 27(8), 3918\u20133930 (2018)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Image Process."},{"key":"813_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, S., Florencio, D., Zhao, Y., Cook, C., Li, W.: Foreground detection in camouflaged scenes. arXiv (2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.2017.8297083"},{"issue":"4","key":"813_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/2508037.2508039","volume":"4","author":"X Li","year":"2013","unstructured":"Li, X., Hu, W., Shen, C., Zhang, Z., Dick, A., Hengel, A.V.D.: A survey of appearance models in visual object tracking. ACM Trans. Intell. Syst. Technol. (TIST) 4(4), 1\u201348 (2013)","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Intell. Syst. Technol. (TIST)"},{"key":"813_CR106","unstructured":"Liming, S., Weidong, G.: A new camouflage texture evaluation method based on WSSIM and nature image features. In: IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Technology (ICMT), pp. 1\u20134 (2010)"},{"issue":"3","key":"813_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2013.09.012","volume":"45","author":"CJ Lin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lin, C.J., Chang, C.C., Lee, Y.H.: Evaluating camouflage design using eye movement data. Appl. Ergon. 45(3), 714\u2013723 (2014)","journal-title":"Appl. Ergon."},{"issue":"2","key":"813_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0087310","volume":"9","author":"CJ Lin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lin, C.J., Chang, C.C., Liu, B.S.: Developing and evaluating a target-background similarity metric for camouflage detection. PLoS ONE 9(2), 1\u201311 (2014)","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"5","key":"813_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1002\/col.22404","volume":"44","author":"CJ Lin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lin, C.J., Prasetyo, Y.T.: A metaheuristic-based approach to optimizing color design for military camouflage using particle swarm optimization. Color Res. Appl. 44(5), 740\u2013748 (2019)","journal-title":"Color Res. Appl."},{"issue":"3","key":"813_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1002\/col.22352","volume":"44","author":"CJ Lin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lin, C.J., Prasetyo, Y.T., Siswanto, N.D., Jiang, B.C.: Optimization of color design for military camouflage in cielab color space. Color Res. Appl. 44(3), 367\u2013380 (2019)","journal-title":"Color Res. Appl."},{"key":"813_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin, T.Y., Doll\u00e1r, P., Girshick, R., He, K., Hariharan, B., Belongie, S.: Feature pyramid networks for object detection. In: Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR), pp. 2117\u20132125 (2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.106"},{"key":"813_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin, T.Y., Maire, M., Belongie, S., Hays, J., Perona, P., Ramanan, D., Doll\u00e1r, P., Zitnick, C.L.: Microsoft coco: Common objects in context. In: European conference on computer vision, pp. 740\u2013755. Springer (2014)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-10602-1_48"},{"key":"813_CR113","unstructured":"LIN, W., CHEN, Y.h., GAO, H.s., LIN, L., WANG, J.j.: A method of camouflage evaluation based on texture analysis model of gabor wavelet. Acta Armamentarii 10 (2007)"},{"key":"813_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, J.J., Hou, Q., Cheng, M.M., Feng, J., Jiang, J.: A simple pooling-based design for real-time salient object detection. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 3917\u20133926 (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00404"},{"key":"813_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, N., Han, J., Yang, M.H.: Picanet: Learning pixel-wise contextual attention for saliency detection. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 3089\u20133098 (2018)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00326"},{"issue":"9","key":"813_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4204","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2012.2200492","volume":"21","author":"Z Liu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Liu, Z., Huang, K., Tan, T.: Foreground object detection using top-down information based on EM framework. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 21(9), 4204\u20134217 (2012)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Image Process."},{"issue":"2","key":"813_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/s00138-007-0107-x","volume":"20","author":"A \u0141oza","year":"2009","unstructured":"\u0141oza, A., Mihaylova, L., Bull, D., Canagarajah, N.: Structural similarity-based object tracking in multimodality surveillance videos. Mach. Vis. Appl. 20(2), 71\u201383 (2009)","journal-title":"Mach. Vis. Appl."},{"issue":"3","key":"813_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1109\/3468.759290","volume":"29","author":"H Lu","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lu, H., Wang, X., Liu, S., Shi, M., Guo, A.: The possible mechanism underlying visual anti-camouflage: a model and its real-time simulation. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part A Syst. Hum. 29(3), 314\u2013318 (1999)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part A Syst. Hum."},{"key":"813_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ma, Y.F., Zhang, H.J.: Contrast-based image attention analysis by using fuzzy growing. In: Proceedings of the eleventh ACM international conference on Multimedia, pp. 374\u2013381 (2003)","DOI":"10.1145\/957013.957094"},{"key":"813_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Malathi, T., Bhuyan, K.M.: Foreground object detection under camouflage using multiple camera-based codebooks. In: Annual IEEE India Conference (INDICON), pp. 1\u20136 (2013)","DOI":"10.1109\/INDCON.2013.6726155"},{"key":"813_CR121","unstructured":"Mancas, M., Couvreur, L., Gosselin, B., Macq, B.: Computational attention for event detection. In: ICCV (2007)"},{"key":"813_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2007\/98181","volume":"2007","author":"M Mancas","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mancas, M., Gosselin, B., Macq, B.: Perceptual image representation. EURASIP J. Image Video Process. 2007, 1\u20139 (2007)","journal-title":"EURASIP J. Image Video Process."},{"key":"813_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mangale, S., Khambete, M.: Camouflaged target detection and tracking using thermal infrared and visible spectrum imaging. In: The International Symposium on Intelligent Systems Technologies and Applications, pp. 193\u2013207. Springer (2016)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-47952-1_15"},{"key":"813_CR124","unstructured":"Marouani, S., Huertas, A., Medioni, G.: Model-based aircraft recognition in perspective aerial imagery. In: Proceedings of International Symposium on Computer Vision, pp. 371\u2013376 (1995)"},{"issue":"15","key":"813_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2047","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(96)00330-6","volume":"37","author":"SP McKee","year":"1997","unstructured":"McKee, S.P., Watamaniuk, S.N., Harris, J.M., Smallman, H.S., Taylor, D.G.: Is stereopsis effective in breaking camouflage for moving targets? Vis. Res. 37(15), 2047\u20132055 (1997)","journal-title":"Vis. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"813_CR126","first-page":"1","volume":"122","author":"A Mondal","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mondal, A., Ghosh, S., Ghosh, A.: Partially camouflaged object tracking using modified probabilistic neural network and fuzzy energy based active contour. Int. J. Comput. Vis. 122(1), 1\u201333 (2016)","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Vis."},{"issue":"6096","key":"813_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1222149","volume":"337","author":"SA Morin","year":"2012","unstructured":"Morin, S.A., Shepherd, R.F., Kwok, S.W., Stokes, A.A., Nemiroski, A., Whitesides, G.M.: Camouflage and display for soft machines. Science 337(6096), 828\u2013832 (2012)","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"813_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M\u00fcller, T., M\u00fcller, M.: Computer-aided camouflage assessment in real time. In: Infrared Imaging Systems: Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XVIII, vol. 6543, pp. 64\u201374. International Society for Optics and Photonics (2007)","DOI":"10.1117\/12.724830"},{"key":"813_CR129","unstructured":"NATO-RTO, S..: Search and target acquisition. In: RTO Meeting Proceedings 45. NATO RTO, Neuilly-sur-Seine (1999)"},{"issue":"14","key":"813_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2006.01.006","volume":"46","author":"MB Neider","year":"2006","unstructured":"Neider, M.B., Zelinsky, G.J.: Searching for camouflaged targets: Effects of target-background similarity on visual search. Vis. Res. 46(14), 2217\u20132235 (2006)","journal-title":"Vis. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"813_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-017-1042-6","volume":"126","author":"TV Nguyen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nguyen, T.V., Zhao, Q., Yan, S.: Attentive systems: A survey. Int. J. Comput. Vis. 126(1), 86\u2013110 (2018)","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Vis."},{"issue":"9","key":"813_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1869","DOI":"10.1117\/1.1390295","volume":"40","author":"S Nyberg","year":"2001","unstructured":"Nyberg, S., Bohman, L.: Assessing camouflage methods using textural features. Opt. Eng. 40(9), 1869\u20131876 (2001)","journal-title":"Opt. Eng."},{"key":"813_CR133","unstructured":"Nyberg, S., Bohman, L.: Assessing camouflage using textural features. In: Targets and Backgrounds VII: Characterization and Representation, vol. 4370, pp. 60\u201371. International Society for Optics and Photonics (2001)"},{"key":"813_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Owens, A., Barnes, C., Flint, A., Singh, H., Freeman, W.: Camouflaging an object from many viewpoints. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), pp. 2782\u20132789 (2014)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2014.350"},{"issue":"4","key":"813_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.5539\/mas.v5n4p152","volume":"5","author":"Y Pan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pan, Y., Chen, Y., Fu, Q., Zhang, P., Xu, X.: Study on the camouflaged target detection method based on 3D convexity. Modern Appl. Sci. 5(4), 152\u2013156 (2011)","journal-title":"Modern Appl. Sci."},{"issue":"8","key":"813_CR136","first-page":"6","volume":"180","author":"KV Patil","year":"2017","unstructured":"Patil, K.V., Pawar, K.N.: Method for improving camouflage image quality using texture analysis. Int. J. Comput. Appl. 180(8), 6\u20138 (2017)","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Appl."},{"key":"813_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pezeshkian, N., Neff, J.D.: Adaptive electronic camouflage using texture synthesis. In: Unmanned Systems Technology XIV, vol. 8387, pp. 838707\u2013838718. International Society for Optics and Photonics (2012)","DOI":"10.1117\/12.920507"},{"key":"813_CR138","unstructured":"Prasetyo, Y.: Utilization of color similarity index for evaluating existing military camouflage designs. In: 10th Annual International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management (2020)"},{"key":"813_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prasetyo, Y.T.: Evaluating existing china military camouflage designs using camouflage similarity index (CSI). In: Proceedings of 5th International Conference on Industrial and Business Engineering, pp. 321\u2013325 (2019)","DOI":"10.1145\/3364335.3364399"},{"issue":"5","key":"813_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.200804391","volume":"121","author":"DP Puzzo","year":"2009","unstructured":"Puzzo, D.P., Arsenault, A.C., Manners, I., Ozin, G.A.: Electroactive inverse opal: a single material for all colors. Angew. Chem. 121(5), 961\u2013965 (2009)","journal-title":"Angew. Chem."},{"issue":"3","key":"813_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2013.2260760","volume":"23","author":"C Qin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Qin, C., Chang, C.C., Chiu, Y.P.: A novel joint data-hiding and compression scheme based on smvq and image inpainting. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 23(3), 969\u2013978 (2013)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Image Process."},{"key":"813_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qin, X., Zhang, Z., Huang, C., Gao, C., Dehghan, M., Jagersand, M.: Basnet: Boundary-aware salient object detection. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 7479\u20137489 (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00766"},{"issue":"5","key":"813_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1080\/09205071.2018.1561331","volume":"33","author":"S Ramsey","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ramsey, S., Mayo, T., Howells, C.A., Shabaev, A., Lambrakos, S.G.: Modeling apparent camouflage-pattern color using segment-weighted spectra. J. Electromagn. Waves Appl. 33(5), 541\u2013556 (2019)","journal-title":"J. Electromagn. Waves Appl."},{"key":"813_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1007\/s10772-020-09699-7","volume":"23","author":"C Rao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rao, C., Reddy, A., Rao, C.: Camouflaged object detection for machine vision applications. Int. J. Speech Technol. 23, 327\u2013335 (2020)","journal-title":"Int. J. Speech Technol."},{"issue":"7","key":"813_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.image.2009.03.002","volume":"24","author":"K Rapantzikos","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rapantzikos, K., Tsapatsoulis, N., Avrithis, Y., Kollias, S.: Spatiotemporal saliency for video classification. Signal Process. Image Commun. 24(7), 557\u2013571 (2009)","journal-title":"Signal Process. Image Commun."},{"key":"813_CR146","unstructured":"Redmon, J., Farhadi, A.: Yolov3: An incremental improvement. arXiv (2018)"},{"issue":"5","key":"813_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00200799","volume":"61","author":"W Reichardt","year":"1989","unstructured":"Reichardt, W., Egelhaaf, M., Guo, A.K.: Processing of figure and background motion in the visual system of the fly. Biol. Cybern. 61(5), 327\u2013345 (1989)","journal-title":"Biol. Cybern."},{"issue":"5","key":"813_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1109\/38.946629","volume":"21","author":"E Reinhard","year":"2001","unstructured":"Reinhard, E., Adhikhmin, M., Gooch, B., Shirley, P.: Color transfer between images. IEEE Comput. Graphics Appl. 21(5), 34\u201341 (2001)","journal-title":"IEEE Comput. Graphics Appl."},{"key":"813_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ren, Z., Yu, Z., Yang, X., Liu, M.Y., Lee, Y.J., Schwing, A.G., Kautz, J.: Instance-aware, context-focused, and memory-efficient weakly supervised object detection. In: CVPR, pp. 10598\u201310607 (2020)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.01061"},{"issue":"2","key":"813_CR150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1162\/artl_a_00023","volume":"17","author":"C Reynolds","year":"2011","unstructured":"Reynolds, C.: Interactive evolution of camouflage. Artif. Life 17(2), 123\u2013136 (2011)","journal-title":"Artif. Life"},{"issue":"6","key":"813_CR151","first-page":"610","volume":"3","author":"MH Robert","year":"1973","unstructured":"Robert, M.H., Shanmugam, K., Dinstein, I.: Textural features for image classification. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. 3(6), 610\u2013621 (1973)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern."},{"key":"813_CR152","unstructured":"Ronconi, P., Jacobs, P., Mauer, E., Huebner, G., Dotoli, P., Peak, J., Hepfinger, L., Balma, R., Christopher, G., Fleuriet, J., et\u00a0al.: Guidelines for camouflage assessment using observers. NATO-RTO (2007)"},{"key":"813_CR153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rong, X., Jia, Q., Xu, W., Lv, X., Hu, J.: Camouflage effect evaluation of pattern painting based on moving object detection. In: 2016 International Conference on Energy, Power and Electrical Engineering. Atlantis Press (2016)","DOI":"10.2991\/epee-16.2016.55"},{"key":"813_CR154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rosenholtz, R., Li, Y., Mansfield, J., Jin, Z.: Feature congestion: a measure of display clutter. In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems, pp. 761\u2013770 (2005)","DOI":"10.1145\/1054972.1055078"},{"issue":"2","key":"813_CR155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1167\/7.2.17","volume":"7","author":"R Rosenholtz","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rosenholtz, R., Li, Y., Nakano, L.: Measuring visual clutter. J. Vis. 7(2), 17\u201317 (2007)","journal-title":"J. Vis."},{"issue":"6","key":"813_CR156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1016\/1350-4495(95)00132-8","volume":"37","author":"SR Rotman","year":"1996","unstructured":"Rotman, S.R., Hsu, D., Cohen, A., Shamay, D., Kowalczyk, M.L.: Textural metrics for clutter affecting human target acquisition. Infrared Phys. Technol. 37(6), 667\u2013674 (1996)","journal-title":"Infrared Phys. Technol."},{"key":"813_CR157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schwegmann, A.: Camouflage evaluation by bio-inspired local conspicuity quantification. In: Target and Background Signatures IV, vol. 10794, p. 107940H. International Society for Optics and Photonics (2018)","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2325111"},{"key":"813_CR158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sengottuvelan, P., Wahi, A., Shanmugam, A.: Performance of decamouflaging through exploratory image analysis. In: 1st IEEE International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Technology, ICETET\u201908, pp. 6\u201310 (2008)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICETET.2008.232"},{"issue":"12","key":"813_CR159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1167\/9.12.15","volume":"9","author":"HJ Seo","year":"2009","unstructured":"Seo, H.J., Milanfar, P.: Static and space-time visual saliency detection by self-resemblance. J. Vis. 9(12), 15\u201315 (2009)","journal-title":"J. Vis."},{"issue":"2","key":"813_CR160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amc.2006.11.036","volume":"188","author":"H Shi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Shi, H., Yang, Y.: A computational model of visual attention based on saliency maps. Appl. Math. Comput. 188(2), 1671\u20131677 (2007)","journal-title":"Appl. Math. Comput."},{"key":"813_CR161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ieri.2013.11.050","volume":"4","author":"SK Singh","year":"2013","unstructured":"Singh, S.K., Dhawale, C.A., Misra, S.: Survey of object detection methods in camouflaged image. IERI Procedia 4, 351\u2013357 (2013)","journal-title":"IERI Procedia"},{"key":"813_CR162","unstructured":"Singh, V.K., Maji, S., Mukerjee, A.: Confidence based updation of motion conspicuity in dynamic scenes. In: The 3rd Canadian Conference on Computer and Robot Vision (CRV\u201906), pp. 13\u201313. IEEE (2006)"},{"key":"813_CR163","unstructured":"Skurowski, P., Abdulameer, H., B\u0142aszczyk, J., Depta, T., Kornacki, A., Kozie\u0142, P.: Animal camouflage analysis: Chameleon database. Unpublished Manuscript (2018)"},{"issue":"7","key":"813_CR164","first-page":"1442","volume":"36","author":"AW Smeulders","year":"2013","unstructured":"Smeulders, A.W., Chu, D.M., Cucchiara, R., Calderara, S., Dehghan, A., Shah, M.: Visual tracking: An experimental survey. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 36(7), 1442\u20131468 (2013)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"issue":"6","key":"813_CR165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1117\/1.601322","volume":"36","author":"G Song","year":"1997","unstructured":"Song, G., Shunqing, T.: Method for spectral pattern recognition of color camouflage. Opt. Eng. 36(6), 1779\u20131781 (1997)","journal-title":"Opt. Eng."},{"key":"813_CR166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Song, L., Geng, W.: A new camouflage texture evaluation method based on WSSIM and nature image features. In: 2010 International Conference on Multimedia Technology, pp. 1\u20134. IEEE (2010)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICMULT.2010.5631434"},{"issue":"1516","key":"813_CR167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2008.0217","volume":"364","author":"M Stevens","year":"2009","unstructured":"Stevens, M., Merilaita, S.: Animal camouflage: current issues and new perspectives. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci. 364(1516), 423\u2013427 (2009)","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"813_CR168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stevens, M., Merilaita, S.: Animal camouflage. Animal Camouflage: Mechanisms and Function. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge pp. 1\u201317 (2011)","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511852053.001"},{"issue":"4","key":"813_CR169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2008.0173","volume":"4","author":"D Stuart-Fox","year":"2008","unstructured":"Stuart-Fox, D., Moussalli, A., Whiting, M.J.: Predator-specific camouflage in chameleons. Biol. Lett. 4(4), 326\u2013329 (2008)","journal-title":"Biol. Lett."},{"issue":"1","key":"813_CR170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2018.2876304","volume":"42","author":"P Tang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tang, P., Wang, X., Bai, S., Shen, W., Bai, X., Liu, W., Yuille, A.: Pcl: Proposal cluster learning for weakly supervised object detection. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 42(1), 176\u2013191 (2018)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"813_CR171","unstructured":"Tankus, A., Yeshurun, Y.: Detection of regions of interest and camouflage breaking by direct convexity estimation. In: Proceedings of IEEE Workshop on Visual Surveillance, pp. 42\u201348 (1998)"},{"key":"813_CR172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tankus, A., Yeshurun, Y.: Convexity-based camouflage breaking. In: Proceedings of 15th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, vol.\u00a01, pp. 454\u2013457 (2000)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2000.905374"},{"key":"813_CR173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tankus, A., Yeshurun, Y.: A model for visual camouflage breaking. In: Biologically Motivated Computer Vision, pp. 139\u2013149 (2000)","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-45482-9_14"},{"issue":"3","key":"813_CR174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1006\/cviu.2001.0912","volume":"82","author":"A Tankus","year":"2001","unstructured":"Tankus, A., Yeshurun, Y.: Convexity-based visual camouflage breaking. Comput. Vis. Image Underst. 82(3), 208\u2013237 (2001)","journal-title":"Comput. Vis. Image Underst."},{"issue":"1516","key":"813_CR175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2008.0211","volume":"364","author":"A Tankus","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tankus, A., Yeshurun, Y.: Computer vision, camouflage breaking and countershading. Philos. Trans. R.Soc. Lond.B Biol. Sci. 364(1516), 529\u2013536 (2009)","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R.Soc. Lond.B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"813_CR176","unstructured":"Ternovskiy, I.V., Jannson, T.P.: Mapping-singularities-based motion estimation. In: Optical Science, Engineering and Instrumentation\u201997, vol. 3173, pp. 317\u2013321 (1997)"},{"issue":"1","key":"813_CR177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms7368","volume":"6","author":"J Teyssier","year":"2015","unstructured":"Teyssier, J., Saenko, S.V., Van Der Marel, D., Milinkovitch, M.C.: Photonic crystals cause active colour change in chameleons. Nat. Commun. 6(1), 1\u20137 (2015)","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"813_CR178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tian, Z., Shen, C., Chen, H.: Conditional convolutions for instance segmentation. In: ECCV (2020)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-58452-8_17"},{"issue":"6","key":"813_CR179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infrared.2010.09.003","volume":"53","author":"A Toet","year":"2010","unstructured":"Toet, A.: Structural similarity determines search time and detection probability. Infrared Phys. Technol. 53(6), 464\u2013468 (2010)","journal-title":"Infrared Phys. Technol."},{"issue":"11","key":"813_CR180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2131","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2011.53","volume":"33","author":"A Toet","year":"2011","unstructured":"Toet, A.: Computational versus psychophysical bottom-up image saliency: A comparative evaluation study. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 33(11), 2131\u20132146 (2011)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"issue":"4","key":"813_CR181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1117\/1.OE.52.4.041103","volume":"52","author":"A Toet","year":"2012","unstructured":"Toet, A., Hogervorst, M.A.: Urban camouflage assessment through visual search and computational saliency. Opt. Eng. 52(4), 1\u20139 (2012)","journal-title":"Opt. Eng."},{"key":"813_CR182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Toet, A., Hogervorst, M.A.: Review of camouflage assessment techniques. In: Target and Background Signatures VI, vol. 11536, pp. 11536041\u2013115360429. International Society for Optics and Photonics (2020)","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2566183"},{"issue":"1","key":"813_CR183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12862-016-0854-2","volume":"17","author":"J Troscianko","year":"2017","unstructured":"Troscianko, J., Skelhorn, J., Stevens, M.: Quantifying camouflage: how to predict detectability from appearance. BMC Evol. Biol. 17(1), 1\u201313 (2017)","journal-title":"BMC Evol. Biol."},{"key":"813_CR184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Varma, G., Subramanian, A., Namboodiri, A., Chandraker, M., Jawahar, C.: IDD: A dataset for exploring problems of autonomous navigation in unconstrained environments. In: 2019 IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV), pp. 1743\u20131751. IEEE (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV.2019.00190"},{"issue":"3","key":"813_CR185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"031907","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.76.031907","volume":"76","author":"JP Vigneron","year":"2007","unstructured":"Vigneron, J.P., Pasteels, J.M., Windsor, D.M., V\u00e9rtesy, Z., Rassart, M., Seldrum, T., Dumont, J., Deparis, O., Lousse, V., Biro, L.P., et al.: Switchable reflector in the panamanian tortoise beetle charidotella egregia (chrysomelidae: Cassidinae). Phys. Rev. E 76(3), 031907 (2007)","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. E"},{"key":"813_CR186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compind.2018.03.013","volume":"99","author":"TN Volonakis","year":"2018","unstructured":"Volonakis, T.N., Matthews, O.E., Liggins, E., Baddeley, R.J., Scott-Samuel, N.E., Cuthill, I.C.: Camouflage assessment: Machine and human. Comput. Ind. 99, 173\u2013182 (2018)","journal-title":"Comput. Ind."},{"key":"813_CR187","unstructured":"Walther, D.: Interactions of visual attention and object recognition: computational modeling, algorithms, and psychophysics. Ph.D. thesis, California Institute of Technology (2006)"},{"issue":"9","key":"813_CR188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2006.10.001","volume":"19","author":"D Walther","year":"2006","unstructured":"Walther, D., Koch, C.: Modeling attention to salient proto-objects. Neural Netw. 19(9), 1395\u20131407 (2006)","journal-title":"Neural Netw."},{"issue":"2","key":"813_CR189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1788","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5b07472","volume":"10","author":"G Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang, G., Chen, X., Liu, S., Wong, C., Chu, S.: Mechanical chameleon through dynamic real-time plasmonic tuning. ACS Nano 10(2), 1788\u20131794 (2016)","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"813_CR190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, K., Yan, X., Zhang, D., Zhang, L., Lin, L.: Towards human-machine cooperation: Self-supervised sample mining for object detection. In: CVPR, pp. 1605\u20131613 (2018)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00173"},{"key":"813_CR191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, X., Kong, T., Shen, C., Jiang, Y., Li, L.: Solo: Segmenting objects by locations. In: ECCV (2020)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-58523-5_38"},{"key":"813_CR192","unstructured":"Wang, X., Zhang, R., Kong, T., Li, L., Shen, C.: Solov2: Dynamic, faster and stronger. arXiv (2020)"},{"key":"813_CR193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, Y., Li, L., Yang, X., Wang, X., Liu, H.: A camouflaged object detection model based on deep learning. In: 2020 IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Information Systems (ICAIIS), pp. 150\u2013153 (2020)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICAIIS49377.2020.9194881"},{"issue":"3","key":"813_CR194","first-page":"329","volume":"23","author":"X Wei-dong","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wei-dong, X., Xu-liang, L., Bing, C., Shi-qiang, X.: A model based on texture analysis for the performance evaluation of camouflage screen equipment. Acta Armamentarii 23(3), 329\u2013331 (2002)","journal-title":"Acta Armamentarii"},{"key":"813_CR195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, Z., Su, L., Huang, Q.: Cascaded partial decoder for fast and accurate salient object detection. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 3907\u20133916 (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00403"},{"key":"813_CR196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiao, H., Qu, Z., Lv, M., Jiang, Y., Wang, C., Qin, R.: Fast self-adaptive digital camouflage design method based on deep learning. Applied Sciences 10(15), (2020)","DOI":"10.3390\/app10155284"},{"key":"813_CR197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiao, X., Ma, L.: Color transfer in correlated color space. In: Proceedings of the 2006 ACM international conference on Virtual reality continuum and its applications, pp. 305\u2013309 (2006)","DOI":"10.1145\/1128923.1128974"},{"issue":"10","key":"813_CR198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4108","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2013.2270112","volume":"22","author":"D Xu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Xu, D., Shi, Z.: DSIM: a dissimilarity-based image clutter metric for targeting performance. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 22(10), 4108\u20134122 (2013)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Image Process."},{"key":"813_CR199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2016.07.081","volume":"274","author":"F Xue","year":"2018","unstructured":"Xue, F., Wu, F., Wang, J., Hu, Y.: RETRACTED: Camouflage texture design based on its camouflage performance evaluation. Neurocomputing 274, 106\u2013114 (2018)","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"},{"key":"813_CR200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2014.12.108","volume":"172","author":"F Xue","year":"2016","unstructured":"Xue, F., Xu, S., Luo, Y.T., Jia, W.: Design of digital camouflage by recursive overlapping of pattern templates. Neurocomputing 172, 262\u2013270 (2016)","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"},{"issue":"7","key":"813_CR201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4065","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-015-2946-1","volume":"75","author":"F Xue","year":"2016","unstructured":"Xue, F., Yong, C., Xu, S., Dong, H., Luo, Y., Jia, W.: Camouflage performance analysis and evaluation framework based on features fusion. Multimed. Tools. Appl. 75(7), 4065\u20134082 (2016)","journal-title":"Multimed. Tools. Appl."},{"key":"813_CR202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yan, J., Le, T.N., Nguyen, K.D., Tran, M.T., Do, T.T., Nguyen, T.V.: Mirrornet: Bio-inspired camouflaged object segmentation. arxiv (2020)","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3064443"},{"key":"813_CR203","unstructured":"Yan, Z., Liang, J., Pan, W., Li, J., Zhang, C.: Weakly-and semi-supervised object detection with expectation-maximization algorithm. arXiv (2017)"},{"issue":"6","key":"813_CR204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.14257\/ijmue.2015.10.6.16","volume":"10","author":"H Yang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yang, H., Yin, J.: A digital camouflage generation algorithm using color similarity. Int. J. Multimed. Ubiquitous Eng. 10(6), 159\u2013164 (2015)","journal-title":"Int. J. Multimed. Ubiquitous Eng."},{"key":"813_CR205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, H.F., Yin, J.P.: An adaptive digital camouflage scheme using visual perception and k-mean clustering. In: Advanced Materials Research, vol. 834, pp. 1091\u20131094. Trans Tech Publ (2014)","DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.834-836.1091"},{"issue":"7","key":"813_CR206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8311","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-018-6813-8","volume":"78","author":"H Yao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yao, H., Liu, X., Tang, Z., Qin, C., Tian, Y.: Adaptive image camouflage using human visual system model. Multimed. Tools Appl. 78(7), 8311\u20138334 (2019)","journal-title":"Multimed. Tools Appl."},{"issue":"4","key":"813_CR207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1145\/1177352.1177355","volume":"38","author":"A Yilmaz","year":"2006","unstructured":"Yilmaz, A., Javed, O., Shah, M.: Object tracking: A survey. Acm Comput. Surv. (CSUR) 38(4), 13\u201385 (2006)","journal-title":"Acm Comput. Surv. (CSUR)"},{"key":"813_CR208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yuan, X., Lv, X., Li, L., Wang, X., Zhang, Z.: Image feature extraction based on the camouflage effectiveness evaluation. In: AIP Conference Proceedings, vol. 1955, pp. 0401831\u20130401836. AIP Publishing LLC (2018)","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5033847"},{"issue":"7","key":"813_CR209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1167\/8.7.32","volume":"8","author":"L Zhang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhang, L., Tong, M.H., Marks, T.K., Shan, H., Cottrell, G.W.: Sun: A bayesian framework for saliency using natural statistics. J. Vis. 8(7), 32\u201332 (2008)","journal-title":"J. Vis."},{"issue":"8","key":"813_CR210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2016.2569497","volume":"18","author":"W Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang, W., Wang, H., Hou, D., Yu, N.: Reversible data hiding in encrypted images by reversible image transformation. IEEE Trans. Multimed. 18(8), 1469\u20131479 (2016)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Multimed."},{"issue":"9","key":"813_CR211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2001","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2016.2555719","volume":"27","author":"X Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang, X., Zhu, C., Wang, S., Liu, Y., Ye, M.: A bayesian approach to camouflaged moving object detection. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol. 27(9), 2001\u20132013 (2016)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol."},{"issue":"9","key":"813_CR212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2001","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2016.2555719","volume":"27","author":"X Zhang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhang, X., Zhu, C., Wang, S., Liu, Y., Ye, M.: A bayesian approach to camouflaged moving object detection. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol. 27(9), 2001\u20132013 (2017)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol."},{"key":"813_CR213","unstructured":"Zhang, Y., Foroosh, H., David, P., Gong, B.: Camou: Learning physical vehicle camouflages to adversarially attack detectors in the wild. In: International Conference on Learning Representations (2018)"},{"issue":"3","key":"813_CR214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dt.2013.09.015","volume":"9","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhang, Y., Xue, S.Q., Jiang, X.J., Mu, J.Y., Yi, Y.: The spatial color mixing model of digital camouflage pattern. Defence Technol. 9(3), 157\u2013161 (2013)","journal-title":"Defence Technol."},{"key":"813_CR215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, H., Shi, J., Qi, X., Wang, X., Jia, J.: Pyramid scene parsing network. In: Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition, pp. 2881\u20132890 (2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.660"},{"key":"813_CR216","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, J.X., Liu, J.J., Fan, D.P., Cao, Y., Yang, J., Cheng, M.M.: Egnet: Edge guidance network for salient object detection. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 8779\u20138788 (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2019.00887"},{"key":"813_CR217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, T., Wu, X.: Pyramid feature attention network for saliency detection. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 3085\u20133094 (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00320"},{"issue":"8","key":"813_CR218","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3297","DOI":"10.1039\/c2cs15267c","volume":"41","author":"Y Zhao","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhao, Y., Xie, Z., Gu, H., Zhu, C., Gu, Z.: Bio-inspired variable structural color materials. Chem. Soc. Rev. 41(8), 3297\u20133317 (2012)","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"813_CR219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2018.2825959","volume":"26","author":"Y Zheng","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zheng, Y., Zhang, X., Wang, F., Cao, T., Sun, M., Wang, X.: Detection of people with camouflage pattern via dense deconvolution network. IEEE Signal Process. Lett. 26(1), 29\u201333 (2018)","journal-title":"IEEE Signal Process. Lett."},{"key":"813_CR220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34481","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2974496","volume":"8","author":"L Zhou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhou, L., Wei, W.: DIC: deep image clustering for unsupervised image segmentation. IEEE Access. 8, 34481\u201334491 (2020)","journal-title":"IEEE Access."},{"key":"813_CR221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou, P.C., Liu, C.C.: Camouflaged target separation by spectral-polarimetric imagery fusion with shearlet transform and clustering segmentation. In: ISPDI 2013-5th International Symposium on Photoelectronic Detection and Imaging (2013)","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2033944"},{"key":"813_CR222","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou, Z., Siddiquee, M.M.R., Tajbakhsh, N., Liang, J.: Unet++: A nested u-net architecture for medical image segmentation. In: Deep Learning in Medical Image Analysis and Multimodal Learning for Clinical Decision Support, pp. 3\u201311. Springer (2018)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-00889-5_1"},{"issue":"16","key":"813_CR223","first-page":"227","volume":"34","author":"HH Zhu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhu, H.H., Du, S.D.: Camouflage assessment based on wavelet texture characteristics. Comput. Eng. 34(16), 227\u2013229 (2008)","journal-title":"Comput. Eng."},{"issue":"1737","key":"813_CR224","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2386","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2012.0026","volume":"279","author":"S Zylinski","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zylinski, S., Darmaillacq, A.S., Shashar, N.: Visual interpolation for contour completion by the european cuttlefish (sepia officinalis) and its use in dynamic camouflage. Proc. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci. 279(1737), 2386\u20132390 (2012)","journal-title":"Proc. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci."}],"container-title":["Multimedia Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00530-021-00813-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00530-021-00813-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00530-021-00813-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,31]],"date-time":"2024-08-31T17:14:31Z","timestamp":1725124471000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00530-021-00813-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]]},"references-count":224,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}},"alternative-id":["813"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00530-021-00813-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0942-4962","1432-1882"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0942-4962","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1882","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 September 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 May 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 May 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}}]}}