{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T03:36:36Z","timestamp":1774064196664,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739404800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739404800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00607-025-01422-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T19:49:01Z","timestamp":1739476141000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Towards secure quantum communication: a novel quantum audio watermarking based on bipolar echo hiding"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"Masoumeh","family":"Velayatipour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Mosleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohsen","family":"Yoosefi Nejad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Kheyrandish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"1422_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optlastec.2019.03.005","volume":"116","author":"AA EL-Latif Abd","year":"2019","unstructured":"EL-Latif Abd AA et al (2019) A novel image steganography technique based on quantum substitution boxes. Opt Laser Technol 116:92\u2013102","journal-title":"Opt Laser Technol"},{"key":"1422_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18451","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-016-3930-0","volume":"76","author":"S Atawneh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Atawneh S et al (2017) Secure and imperceptible digital image steganographic algorithm based on diamond encoding in DWT domain. Multimed Tools Appl 76:18451\u201318472","journal-title":"Multimed Tools Appl"},{"key":"1422_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31487","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-018-6213-0","volume":"77","author":"AH Ali","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ali AH et al (2018) High capacity, transparent and secure audio steganography model based on fractal coding and chaotic map in temporal domain. Multimed Tools Appl 77:31487\u201331516","journal-title":"Multimed Tools Appl"},{"issue":"5","key":"1422_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01011339","volume":"22","author":"P Benioff","year":"1980","unstructured":"Benioff P (1980) The computer as a physical system: a microscopic quantum mechanical Hamiltonian model of computers as represented by turing machines. J Stat Phys 22(5):563\u2013591","journal-title":"J Stat Phys"},{"key":"1422_CR5","unstructured":"Chandramouli R, Memon N (2001) Analysis of LSB based image steganography techniques. In: Proceedings 2001 international conference on image processing (Cat. No. 01CH37205). IEEE"},{"issue":"2","key":"1422_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1007\/s10773-017-3580-7","volume":"57","author":"K Chen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chen K et al (2018) Exploring the implementation of steganography protocols on quantum audio signals. Int J Theor Phys 57(2):476\u2013494","journal-title":"Int J Theor Phys"},{"key":"1422_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chetan M, et al (2021) Audio watermarking using modified least significant bit technique. In: 2021 international conference on circuits, controls and communications (CCUBE)","DOI":"10.1109\/CCUBE53681.2021.9702715"},{"issue":"2","key":"1422_CR8","first-page":"51","volume":"10","author":"R Chowdhury","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chowdhury R et al (2016) A view on LSB based audio steganography. Int J Secur Appl 10(2):51\u201362","journal-title":"Int J Secur Appl"},{"key":"1422_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cox I, et al (2007) Digital watermarking and steganography. Morgan kaufmann","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012372585-1.50015-2"},{"key":"1422_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24091","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-016-4113-8","volume":"76","author":"SE El-Khamy","year":"2017","unstructured":"El-Khamy SE, Korany NO, El-Sherif MH (2017) A security enhanced robust audio steganography algorithm for image hiding using sample comparison in discrete wavelet transform domain and RSA encryption. Multimed Tools Appl 76:24091\u201324106","journal-title":"Multimed Tools Appl"},{"issue":"5","key":"1422_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsp.2009.04.003","volume":"19","author":"Y Erfani","year":"2009","unstructured":"Erfani Y, Siahpoush S (2009) Robust audio watermarking using improved TS echo hiding. Digit Signal Process 19(5):809\u2013814","journal-title":"Digit Signal Process"},{"key":"1422_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164562","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijleo.2020.164562","volume":"208","author":"K Fares","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fares K, Amine K, Salah E (2020) A robust blind color image watermarking based on Fourier transform domain. Optik 208:164562","journal-title":"Optik"},{"issue":"6\u20137","key":"1422_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02650179","volume":"21","author":"RP Feynman","year":"1982","unstructured":"Feynman RP (1982) Simulating physics with computers. Int J Theor Phys 21(6\u20137):467\u2013488","journal-title":"Int J Theor Phys"},{"key":"1422_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gruhl D, Lu A, Bender W (1996) Echo hiding. In: Information hiding: first international workshop cambridge, UK, May 30\u2013June 1, 1996 Proceedings. Springer","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-61996-8_48"},{"key":"1422_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1504\/IJHPCN.2018.093846","volume":"12","author":"H Hai","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hai H, Qing XD, Ke Q (2018) A watermarking-based authentication and image restoration in multimedia sensor networks. Int J High Perform Comput Netw 12:65\u201373","journal-title":"Int J High Perform Comput Netw"},{"issue":"6","key":"1422_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1088\/0253-6102\/67\/6\/732","volume":"67","author":"S Heidari","year":"2017","unstructured":"Heidari S et al (2017) A new quantum watermarking based on quantum wavelet transforms. Commun Theor Phys 67(6):732","journal-title":"Commun Theor Phys"},{"issue":"3","key":"1422_CR17","first-page":"1","volume":"19","author":"W-W Hu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hu W-W et al (2020) Quantum image encryption algorithm based on Arnold scrambling and wavelet transforms. Quantum Inf Process 19(3):1\u201329","journal-title":"Quantum Inf Process"},{"issue":"6","key":"1422_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1109\/TASL.2009.2019259","volume":"17","author":"NK Kalantari","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kalantari NK et al (2009) Robust multiplicative patchwork method for audio watermarking. IEEE Trans Audio Speech Lang Process 17(6):1133\u20131141","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Audio Speech Lang Process"},{"key":"1422_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3901","DOI":"10.1007\/s00034-014-9830-5","volume":"33","author":"MF Khan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Khan MF, Baig F, Beg S (2014) Steganography between silence intervals of audio in video content using chaotic maps. Circuits Syst Signal Process 33:3901\u20133919","journal-title":"Circuits Syst Signal Process"},{"issue":"8","key":"1422_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2003.815950","volume":"13","author":"HJ Kim","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kim HJ, Choi YH (2003) A novel echo-hiding scheme with backward and forward kernels. IEEE Trans Circuits Syst Video Technol 13(8):885\u2013889","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Circuits Syst Video Technol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1422_CR21","first-page":"1","volume":"40","author":"PQ Le","year":"2010","unstructured":"Le PQ et al (2010) Fast geometric transformations on quantum images. IAENG Int J Appl Math 40(3):1","journal-title":"IAENG Int J Appl Math"},{"key":"1422_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1007\/s11128-010-0177-y","volume":"10","author":"PQ Le","year":"2011","unstructured":"Le PQ, Dong F, Hirota K (2011) A flexible representation of quantum images for polynomial preparation, image compression, and processing operations. Quantum Inf Process 10:63\u201384","journal-title":"Quantum Inf Process"},{"issue":"10","key":"1422_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3242","DOI":"10.1007\/s10773-018-3841-0","volume":"57","author":"P Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li P et al (2018) Quantum representation and basic operations of digital signals. Int J Theor Phys 57(10):3242\u20133270","journal-title":"Int J Theor Phys"},{"issue":"11","key":"1422_CR24","first-page":"1","volume":"17","author":"G Luo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Luo G et al (2018) Enhanced least significant qubit watermarking scheme for quantum images. Quantum Inf Process 17(11):1\u201319","journal-title":"Quantum Inf Process"},{"issue":"3","key":"1422_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-013-1694-3","volume":"74","author":"SM Mohsenfar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mohsenfar SM, Mosleh M, Barati A (2015) Audio watermarking method using QR decomposition and genetic algorithm. Multimed Tools Appl 74(3):759\u2013779","journal-title":"Multimed Tools Appl"},{"issue":"11","key":"1422_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3828","DOI":"10.1007\/s10773-019-04251-z","volume":"58","author":"MY Nejad","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nejad MY, Mosleh M, Heikalabad SR (2019) An LSB-based quantum audio watermarking using MSB as arbiter. Int J Theor Phys 58(11):3828\u20133851","journal-title":"Int J Theor Phys"},{"issue":"35","key":"1422_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26489","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-020-09326-2","volume":"79","author":"MY Nejad","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nejad MY, Mosleh M, Heikalabad SR (2020) An enhanced LSB-based quantum audio watermarking scheme for nano communication networks. Multimed Tools Appl 79(35):26489\u201326515","journal-title":"Multimed Tools Appl"},{"key":"1422_CR28","first-page":"102495","volume":"55","author":"MY Nejad","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nejad MY, Mosleh M, Heikalabad SR (2020) A blind quantum audio watermarking based on quantum discrete cosine transform. J Inf Secur Appl 55:102495","journal-title":"J Inf Secur Appl"},{"issue":"1","key":"1422_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"010306","DOI":"10.1088\/1674-1056\/27\/1\/010306","volume":"27","author":"Z-G Qu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Qu Z-G, He H-X, Li T (2018) Novel quantum watermarking algorithm based on improved least significant qubit modification for quantum audio. Chin Phys B 27(1):010306","journal-title":"Chin Phys B"},{"issue":"1","key":"1422_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-ifs.2008.0129","volume":"4","author":"MH Shirali-Shahreza","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shirali-Shahreza MH, Shirali-Shahreza S (2010) Real-time and MPEG-1 layer III compression resistant steganography in speech. IET Inf Secur 4(1):1\u20137","journal-title":"IET Inf Secur"},{"key":"1422_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2015.06.071","volume":"54","author":"RK Singh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Singh RK, Shaw DK, Alam MJ (2015) Experimental studies of LSB watermarking with different noise. Proc Comput Sci 54:612\u2013620","journal-title":"Proc Comput Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"1422_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.54.147","volume":"54","author":"V Vedral","year":"1996","unstructured":"Vedral V, Barenco A, Ekert A (1996) Quantum networks for elementary arithmetic operations. Phys Rev A 54(1):147","journal-title":"Phys Rev A"},{"issue":"9","key":"1422_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11128-022-03657-9","volume":"21","author":"M Velayatipour","year":"2022","unstructured":"Velayatipour M et al (2022) Quantum reversible circuits for audio watermarking based on echo hiding technique. Quantum Inf Process 21(9):1\u201325","journal-title":"Quantum Inf Process"},{"key":"1422_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Venegas-Andraca SE, Bose S (2003) Storing, processing, and retrieving an image using quantum mechanics. In: Quantum information and computation. SPIE","DOI":"10.1117\/12.485960"},{"issue":"9","key":"1422_CR35","first-page":"302","volume":"39","author":"D Wang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wang D et al (2012) Design of quantum comparator based on extended general Toffoli gates with multiple targets. Comput Sci 39(9):302\u2013306","journal-title":"Comput Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"1422_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1622","DOI":"10.1007\/s10773-015-2800-2","volume":"55","author":"J Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang J (2016) QRDA: quantum representation of digital audio. Int J Theor Phys 55(3):1622\u20131641","journal-title":"Int J Theor Phys"},{"key":"1422_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang S, et al (2019) Inaudible speech watermarking based on self-compensated echo-hiding and sparse subspace clustering. In: ICASSP 2019\u20132019 ieee international conference on acoustics, speech and signal processing (ICASSP). IEEE","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2019.8682352"},{"key":"1422_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-spr.2019.0376","volume":"14","author":"S Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang S et al (2020) Secure echo-hiding audio watermarking method based on improved PN sequence and robust principal component analysis. IET Signal Proc 14:229\u2013242","journal-title":"IET Signal Proc"},{"issue":"9","key":"1422_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1109\/TASLP.2014.2328175","volume":"22","author":"Y Xiang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Xiang Y et al (2014) Patchwork-based audio watermarking method robust to de-synchronization attacks. IEEE\/ACM Trans Audio Speech Language Process 22(9):1413\u20131423","journal-title":"IEEE\/ACM Trans Audio Speech Language Process"},{"key":"1422_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcs.2017.12.025","volume":"752","author":"F Yan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yan F et al (2018) Flexible representation and manipulation of audio signals on quantum computers. Theoret Comput Sci 752:71\u201385","journal-title":"Theoret Comput Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"1422_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1007\/s10773-022-04998-y","volume":"61","author":"Q Zeng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zeng Q et al (2022) Quantum watermarking algorithm based on quantum haar wavelet transform and henon map. Int J Theor Phys 61(6):167","journal-title":"Int J Theor Phys"}],"container-title":["Computing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00607-025-01422-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00607-025-01422-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00607-025-01422-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,27]],"date-time":"2025-03-27T23:45:38Z","timestamp":1743119138000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00607-025-01422-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["1422"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00607-025-01422-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0010-485X","1436-5057"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0010-485X","type":"print"},{"value":"1436-5057","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 April 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 January 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 February 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"70"}}