{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T13:23:42Z","timestamp":1772025822034,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]],"date-time":"2021-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614297600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]],"date-time":"2021-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pers Ubiquit Comput"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00779-021-01541-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]],"date-time":"2021-02-26T16:12:44Z","timestamp":1614355964000},"page":"25-35","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["RETRACTED ARTICLE: Diagnosis and combating COVID-19 using wearable Oura smart ring with deep learning methods"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Poongodi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mounir","family":"Hamdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mohit","family":"Malviya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ashutosh","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Gaurav","family":"Dhiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"S.","family":"Vimal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"1541_CR1","unstructured":"\u201cWorld Health Organization Q&A on coronaviruses (COVID-19)\u201d, https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/q-a-detail\/q-a-coronaviruses, Accessed in April, 2020"},{"key":"1541_CR2","unstructured":"\u201cRole of frontline workers in prevention and management of coronavirus\u201d, https:\/\/www.mohfw.gov.in\/pdf\/PreventionandManagementofCOVID19FLWEnglish.pdf, 2020"},{"key":"1541_CR3","unstructured":"\u201cWHO \u2013 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic\u201d, https:\/\/www.who.int\/emergencies\/diseases\/novel-coronavirus-2019, Accessed in April, 2020"},{"key":"1541_CR4","unstructured":"\u201cModes of transmission of virus causing COVID-19: implications for IPC precaution recommendations\u201d, https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/commentaries\/detail\/modes-of-transmission-of-virus-causing-covid-19-implications-for-ipc-precaution-recommendations, Accessed in March, 2020"},{"key":"1541_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2018.06.001","volume":"159","author":"G Dhiman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dhiman G, Kumar V (2018) Emperor penguin optimizer: a bio-inspired algorithm for engineering problems. Knowl-Based Syst 159:20\u201350","journal-title":"Knowl-Based Syst"},{"key":"1541_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2018.03.011","volume":"150","author":"G Dhiman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dhiman G, Kumar V (2018) Multi-objective spotted hyena optimizer: a multi-objective optimization algorithm for engineering problems. Knowl-Based Syst 150:175\u2013197","journal-title":"Knowl-Based Syst"},{"key":"1541_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2018.11.024","volume":"165","author":"G Dhiman","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dhiman G, Kumar V (2019) Seagull optimization algorithm: theory and its applications for large-scale industrial engineering problems. Knowl-Based Syst 165:169\u2013196","journal-title":"Knowl-Based Syst"},{"key":"1541_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2019.03.021","volume":"82","author":"G Dhiman","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dhiman G, Kaur A (2019) Stoa: a bio-inspired based optimization algorithm for industrial engineering problems. Eng Appl Artif Intell 82:148\u2013174","journal-title":"Eng Appl Artif Intell"},{"key":"1541_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2020.103541","volume":"90","author":"S Kaur","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kaur S, Awasthi LK, Sangal AL, Dhiman G (2020) Tunicate Swarm Algorithm: a new bio-inspired based metaheuristic paradigm for global optimization. Eng Appl Artif Intell 90:103541","journal-title":"Eng Appl Artif Intell"},{"issue":"1","key":"1541_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1007\/s10489-019-01522-4","volume":"50","author":"G Dhiman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dhiman G (2020) MOSHEPO: a hybrid multi-objective approach to solve economic load dispatch and micro grid problems. Appl Intell 50(1):119\u2013137","journal-title":"Appl Intell"},{"key":"1541_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dhiman G (2019) \u201cESA: a hybrid bio-inspired metaheuristic optimization approach for engineering problems.\u201d Eng Comput 1-31.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00366-019-00826-w"},{"key":"1541_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dhiman G, Garg M, Nagar A, Kumar V, Dehghani M (2020) \u201cA novel algorithm for global optimization: rat swarm optimizer.\u201d J Ambient Intell Humaniz Comput 1-26.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12652-020-02580-0"},{"key":"1541_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dhiman G, Singh KK, Slowik A, Chang V, Yildiz AR, Kaur A, Garg M (2020) \u201cEMoSOA: a new evolutionary multi-objective seagull optimization algorithm for global optimization.\u201d Int J Mach Learn Cybern 1-26","DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-020-01189-1"},{"key":"1541_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dhiman G, Singh KK, Soni M, Nagar A, Dehghani M, Slowik A, Kaur A, Sharma A, Houssein EH, Cengiz K (2020) \u201cMOSOA: a new multi-objective seagull optimization algorithm.\u201d Expert Syst Appl 114150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2020.114150"},{"key":"1541_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104008","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2020.104008","volume":"96","author":"H Kaur","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kaur H, Rai A, Bhatia SS, Dhiman G (2020) MOEPO: a novel multi-objective emperor penguin optimizer for global optimization: special application in ranking of cloud service providers. Eng Appl Artif Intell 96:104008","journal-title":"Eng Appl Artif Intell"},{"key":"1541_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dhiman G, Oliva D, Kaur A, Singh KK, Vimal S, Sharma A, Cengiz K \u201cBEPO: a novel binary emperor penguin optimizer for automatic feature selection.\u201d Knowledge-Based Systems 211: 106560","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2020.106560"},{"key":"1541_CR17","unstructured":"\u201cWhat is COVID-19 and how is it spread?\u201d,https:\/\/www.gavi.org\/vaccineswork\/what-is-covid-19-and-how-does-it-spread, Accessed in March, 2020"},{"key":"1541_CR18","unstructured":"\u201cCOVID-19 transmission guidebook: chances of coronavirus spreading through tears low\u201d, https:\/\/economictimes.indiatimes.com\/magazines\/panache\/covid-19-transmission-guidebook-chances-of-coronavirus-spreading-through-tears-low\/articleshow\/74827681.cms?from=mdr, Accessed in March, 2020"},{"key":"1541_CR19","unstructured":"\u201cWhat to know about COVID-19 diagnosis\u201d, https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/coronavirus-diagnosis#whats-involved, Accessed in March, 2020"},{"key":"1541_CR20","unstructured":"\u201cCOVID-19 diagnostics resource centre\u201d, https:\/\/www.finddx.org\/covid-19\/, Accessed in 2020"},{"key":"1541_CR21","unstructured":"SamerObeidat, \u201cHow artificial intelligence is helping fight the COVID-19 pandemic\u201d, https:\/\/www.entrepreneur.com\/article\/348368, Accessed in March, 2020"},{"key":"1541_CR22","unstructured":"Cohen JP, Morrison P, Dao L (2020) \u201cImage data collection,\u201d arXiv 2003.11597, vol. 6"},{"key":"1541_CR23","unstructured":"Andrew Ng, \u201cMachine learning could check if you\u2019re social distancing properly at work\u201d, https:\/\/www.technologyreview.com\/2020\/03\/24\/950356\/coronavirus-neural-network-can-help-spot-covid-19-in-chest-x-ray-pneumonia\/, (Accessed: 17th April 2020)"},{"issue":"7","key":"1541_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5737","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2019.2951365","volume":"7","author":"I Ahmed","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ahmed I, Din S, Jeon G, Piccialli F (2020) Exploring deep learning models for overhead view multiple object detection. IEEE Int Things J 7(7):5737\u20135744","journal-title":"IEEE Int Things J"},{"key":"1541_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpdc.2017.06.022","volume":"117","author":"S Hussain","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hussain S, Keung J, Akhunzada A, Ahmad A, Khan AA, Cuomo S, Piccialli F, Jeon G (2018) Implications of deep learning for the automation of design patterns organization. J Parallel Distrib Comput 117:256\u2013266","journal-title":"J Parallel Distrib Comput"},{"key":"1541_CR26","unstructured":"\u201cHow a smart ring may help detect early COVID-19 symptoms\u201d, https:\/\/www.cnet.com\/news\/how-a-smart-ring-may-detect-early-covid-19-symptoms\/, (Accessed: 1st April 2020)"},{"key":"1541_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advengsoft.2017.05.014","volume":"114","author":"G Dhiman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dhiman G, Kumar V (2017) Spotted hyena optimizer: a novel bio-inspired based metaheuristic technique for engineering applications. Adv Eng Softw 114:48\u201370","journal-title":"Adv Eng Softw"},{"key":"1541_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maghdid HS, KayhanZrarGhafoor, SafaaSadiq A, Curran K, KhaledRabie, A novel AI-enabled framework to diagnose coronavirus COVID-19 using smartphone embedded sensors: design study, https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2003.07434, Accessed in 2020","DOI":"10.1109\/IRI49571.2020.00033"},{"key":"1541_CR29","unstructured":"\u201cAI runs smack up against a big data problem in COVID-19 diagnosis\u201d, https:\/\/www.zdnet.com\/article\/ai-runs-smack-up-against-a-big-data-problem-in-covid-19-diagnosis\/, Accessed in April, 2020"},{"key":"1541_CR30","unstructured":"\u201cExperimental AI tool predicts which COVID-19 patients develop respiratory disease\u201d, https:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2020\/03\/200330152135.htm , Accessed in March, 2020"},{"key":"1541_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ThanhThi Nguyen, \u201cArtificial intelligence in the battle against coronavirus (COVID-19): a survey and future research directions\u201d, Published in April, 2020","DOI":"10.36227\/techrxiv.12743933"},{"key":"1541_CR32","unstructured":"\u201cYITU launches AI powered intelligent evaluation system of chest CT for COVID-19\u201d, https:\/\/www.itnonline.com\/content\/yitu-launches%C2%A0ai-powered-intelligent-evaluation-system-chest-ct-covid-19, (Accessed: 31st March 2020)"},{"key":"1541_CR33","unstructured":"Ory six, \u201cDiagnosing COVID-19 using AI-based medical image analyses\u201d, https:\/\/www.quantib.com\/blog\/diagnosing-covid-19-using-ai-based-medical-image-analyses, (Accessed: 20th March 2020)"},{"key":"1541_CR34","unstructured":"\u201cHow to fight COVID-19 with machine learning\u201d, https:\/\/www.datarevenue.com\/en-blog\/machine-learning-covid-19, (Accessed: 2020)"},{"key":"1541_CR35","unstructured":"DAN ROBITZSKI, \u201cThis smart ring uses AI to spot Covid-19 \u2014 before symptoms begin\u201d, https:\/\/futurism.com\/neoscope\/smart-ring-ai-spot-covid19-before-symptoms-begin, (Accessed: 11th April 2020)"},{"key":"1541_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maghdid HS, Asaad AT, KayhanZrarGhafoor, Ali SafaaSadiq, Muhammad Khurram Khan (2020) \u201cDiagnosing COVID-19 pneumonia from X-ray and CT images using deep learning and transfer learning algorithms,\u201d https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2004.00038","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2588672"},{"key":"1541_CR37","unstructured":"Vivek Kumar, \u201cCombating COVID-19 with the help of AI, analytics and automation\u201d, https:\/\/www.analyticsinsight.net\/combating-covid-19-help-ai-analytics-automation\/, (Accessed: 9th April 2020)."},{"key":"1541_CR38","unstructured":"Georgios Petropoulos, \u201cArtificial intelligence in the fight against COVID-19\u201d, https:\/\/www.bruegel.org\/2020\/03\/artificial-intelligence-in-the-fight-against-covid-19\/, (Accessed: 23rd March 2020)."},{"key":"1541_CR39","unstructured":"\u201cThe (Sober) state of artificial intelligence in the fight against COVID-19\u201d, https:\/\/www.bruegel.org\/2020\/03\/artificial-intelligence-in-the-fight-against-covid-19\/, (Accessed: 14th April 2020)."},{"key":"1541_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compeleceng.2017.05.030","volume":"61","author":"S Kang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kang S, Paul A, Jeon G (2017) Reduction of mixed noise from wearable sensors in human-motion estimation. Comput Electr Eng 61:287\u2013296","journal-title":"Comput Electr Eng"},{"key":"1541_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"WimNaude, \u201cArtificial intelligence against COVID-19: an early review\u201d, https:\/\/towardsdatascience.com\/artificial-intelligence-against-covid-19-an-early-review-92a8360edaba, Accessed in April, 2020","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3568314"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1007\/s00779-021-01553-0","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"retraction-watch","updated":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,23]],"date-time":"2021-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616457600000},"record-id":"59026"},{"DOI":"10.1007\/s00779-023-01755-8","type":"retraction","label":"Retraction","source":"retraction-watch","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,30]],"date-time":"2023-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693353600000},"record-id":"59025"},{"DOI":"10.1007\/s00779-021-01553-0","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,23]],"date-time":"2021-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616457600000}},{"DOI":"10.1007\/s00779-023-01755-8","type":"retraction","label":"Retraction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,30]],"date-time":"2023-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693353600000}}],"container-title":["Personal and Ubiquitous Computing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00779-021-01541-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00779-021-01541-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00779-021-01541-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,30]],"date-time":"2023-08-30T10:04:36Z","timestamp":1693389876000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00779-021-01541-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}},"alternative-id":["1541"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00779-021-01541-4","relation":{"correction":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1007\/s00779-021-01553-0","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1617-4909","1617-4917"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1617-4909","type":"print"},{"value":"1617-4917","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 November 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 February 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 February 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 March 2021","order":4,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":5,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"A Correction to this paper has been published:","order":6,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00779-021-01553-0","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00779-021-01553-0","order":7,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 August 2023","order":8,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":9,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This article has been retracted. Please see the Retraction Notice for more detail:","order":10,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00779-023-01755-8","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00779-023-01755-8","order":11,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}