{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T13:40:07Z","timestamp":1749649207116,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]],"date-time":"2025-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746576000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":36,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005713","name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005713","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Softw Tools Technol Transfer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Context-sensitive analysis of programs containing recursive procedures may be expensive. This may particularly be the case when expressive domains are used, rendering the set of possible contexts large or even infinite. Here we present a framework for context-sensitivity and, as a base step, show how to formalize full contexts, partial contexts, and call strings in it. In this framework, we propose three generic lifters that allow bounding the number of encountered contexts for existing analyses on the fly, i.e., without requiring a preanalysis: <jats:italic>Context Widening<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Loopfree Callsting<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Context Gas<\/jats:italic>. The proposed analysis lifters maintain the soundness of the underlying base analyses. For these approaches, we prove that only finitely many function contexts are encountered during fixpoint iteration\u2014a\u00a0key requirement for termination\u2014when the fixpoint iteration is known to update the value of each unknown only a finite number of times. <jats:italic>Context Gas<\/jats:italic> and friends are implemented within the abstract interpreter <jats:sc>Goblint<\/jats:sc> and compared to existing approaches to context-sensitivity on the SV-COMP benchmark suite. On a\u00a0subset of recursive benchmarks, all proposed lifters manage to reduce the number of stack overflows and timeouts compared to a full context approach, with one configuration of the Context Gas approach improving the number of correct verdicts by <jats:inline-formula>\n              <jats:alternatives>\n                <jats:tex-math>$31\\%$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                  <mml:mn>31<\/mml:mn>\n                  <mml:mi>%<\/mml:mi>\n                <\/mml:math>\n              <\/jats:alternatives>\n            <\/jats:inline-formula> and showing promising results on the considered SV-COMP categories.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10009-025-00803-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]],"date-time":"2025-05-07T15:55:13Z","timestamp":1746633313000},"page":"289-307","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Context Gas and friends: taming context-sensitivity on the fly"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Julian","family":"Erhard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Johanna Franziska","family":"Schinabeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Schwarz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Helmut","family":"Seidl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"803_CR1","unstructured":"Apinis, K.: Frameworks for analyzing multi-threaded C. Ph.D. thesis, Technical University Munich (2014). https:\/\/nbn-resolving.org\/urn:nbn:de:bvb:91-diss-20140606-1189191-0-9"},{"key":"803_CR2","series-title":"Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-35182-2_12","volume-title":"Programming Languages and Systems \u2013 10th Asian Symposium, APLAS 2012","author":"K. Apinis","year":"2012","unstructured":"Apinis, K., Seidl, H., Vojdani, V.: Side-effecting constraint systems: a Swiss army knife for program analysis. In: Jhala, R., Igarashi, A. (eds.) Programming Languages and Systems \u2013 10th Asian Symposium, APLAS 2012, Kyoto, Japan, December 11-13, 2012. Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol.\u00a07705, pp.\u00a0157\u2013172. Springer, Berlin (2012). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-35182-2_12"},{"key":"803_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1145\/2491956.2462190","volume-title":"ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation, PLDI\u201913","author":"K. Apinis","year":"2013","unstructured":"Apinis, K., Seidl, H., Vojdani, V.: How to combine widening and narrowing for non-monotonic systems of equations. In: Boehm, H., Flanagan, C. (eds.) ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation, PLDI\u201913, Seattle, WA, USA, June 16\u201319, 2013, pp.\u00a0377\u2013386. ACM, New York (2013). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2491956.2462190"},{"key":"803_CR4","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-49674-9_55","volume-title":"Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems \u2013 22nd International Conference, TACAS 2016, Held as Part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2016, Proceedings","author":"D. Beyer","year":"2016","unstructured":"Beyer, D.: Reliable and reproducible competition results with BenchExec and witnesses (report on SV-COMP 2016). In: Chechik, M., Raskin, J. (eds.) Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems \u2013 22nd International Conference, TACAS 2016, Held as Part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2016, Proceedings, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, April 2-8, 2016. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol.\u00a09636, pp.\u00a0887\u2013904. Springer, Berlin (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-662-49674-9_55."},{"key":"803_CR5","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-57256-2_15","volume-title":"Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems \u2013 30th International Conference, TACAS 2024, Held as Part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2024, Proceedings, Part III","author":"D. Beyer","year":"2024","unstructured":"Beyer, D.: State of the art in software verification and witness validation: SV-COMP 2024. In: Finkbeiner, B., Kov\u00e1cs, L. (eds.) Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems \u2013 30th International Conference, TACAS 2024, Held as Part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2024, Proceedings, Part III. Luxembourg City, Luxembourg, April 6-11, 2024. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol.\u00a014572, pp.\u00a0299\u2013329. Springer, Berlin (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-57256-2_15."},{"issue":"4","key":"803_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1017\/S0956796800000496","volume":"2","author":"F. Bourdoncle","year":"1992","unstructured":"Bourdoncle, F.: Abstract interpretation by dynamic partitioning. J. Funct. Program. 2(4), 407\u2013423 (1992). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0956796800000496","journal-title":"J. Funct. Program."},{"key":"803_CR7","unstructured":"B\u00fchler, D.: Structuring an abstract interpreter through value and state abstractions: Eva, an evolved value analysis for Frama-C. Ph.D. thesis, University of Rennes 1, France (2017) https:\/\/tel.archives-ouvertes.fr\/tel-01664726"},{"key":"803_CR8","series-title":"Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-55844-6_142","volume-title":"Programming Language Implementation and Logic Programming, 4th International Symposium, PLILP\u201992","author":"P. Cousot","year":"1992","unstructured":"Cousot, P., Cousot, R.: Comparing the Galois connection and widening\/narrowing approaches to abstract interpretation. In: Bruynooghe, M., Wirsing, M. (eds.) Programming Language Implementation and Logic Programming, 4th International Symposium, PLILP\u201992, Leuven, Belgium, August 26\u201328, 1992. Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol.\u00a0631, pp.\u00a0269\u2013295. Springer, Berlin (1992). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/3-540-55844-6_142"},{"key":"803_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1145\/3652588.3663321","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 13th ACM SIGPLAN International Workshop on the State of the Art in Program Analysis, SOAP 2024","author":"J. Erhard","year":"2024","unstructured":"Erhard, J., Schinabeck, J.F., Schwarz, M., Seidl, H.: When to stop going down the rabbit hole: taming context-sensitivity on the fly. In: Monat, R., Rubio-Gonz\u00e1lez, C. (eds.) Proceedings of the 13th ACM SIGPLAN International Workshop on the State of the Art in Program Analysis, SOAP 2024, Copenhagen, Denmark, 25 June 2024, pp.\u00a035\u201344. ACM, New York (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3652588.3663321"},{"issue":"5","key":"803_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1007\/s10009-024-00764-z","volume":"26","author":"J. Erhard","year":"2024","unstructured":"Erhard, J., Schwarz, M., Vojdani, V., Saan, S., Seidl, H.: When long jumps fall short: control-flow tracking and misuse detection for nonlocal jumps in C. Int. J. Softw. Tools Technol. Transf. 26(5), 589\u2013605 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10009-024-00764-z","journal-title":"Int. J. Softw. Tools Technol. Transf."},{"key":"803_CR11","series-title":"Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-54013-4_26","volume-title":"Verification, Model Checking, and Abstract Interpretation - 15th International Conference, VMCAI 2014","author":"B. Hardekopf","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hardekopf, B., Wiedermann, B., Churchill, B.R., Kashyap, V.: Widening for control-flow. In: McMillan, K.L., Rival, X. (eds.) Verification, Model Checking, and Abstract Interpretation - 15th International Conference, VMCAI 2014, San Diego, CA, USA, January 19\u201321, 2014. Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol.\u00a08318, pp.\u00a0472\u2013491. Springer, Berlin (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-54013-4_26"},{"key":"803_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1145\/3088515.3088519","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 6th ACM SIGPLAN International Workshop on State of the Art in Program Analysis","author":"B. Hassanshahi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hassanshahi, B., Ramesh, R.K., Krishnan, P., Scholz, B., Lu, Y.: An efficient tunable selective points-to analysis for large codebases. In: Proceedings of the 6th ACM SIGPLAN International Workshop on State of the Art in Program Analysis, pp.\u00a013\u201318 (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3088515.3088519"},{"key":"803_CR13","unstructured":"Hedenborg, M., Lundberg, J., L\u00f6we, W., Trapp, M.: Approximating context-sensitive program information. Programmiersprachen und Grundlagen der Programmierung KPS, vol.\u00a02015 (2015)"},{"key":"803_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.110952","volume":"177","author":"M. Hedenborg","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hedenborg, M., Lundberg, J., L\u00f6we, W.: Memory efficient context-sensitive program analysis. J. Syst. Softw. 177, 110,952 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jss.2021.110952","journal-title":"J. Syst. Softw."},{"issue":"5","key":"803_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1007\/s00224-022-10093-w","volume":"66","author":"M. Hedenborg","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hedenborg, M., Lundberg, J., L\u00f6we, W., Trapp, M.: A framework for memory efficient context-sensitive program analysis. Theory Comput. Syst. 66(5), 911\u2013956 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00224-022-10093-w","journal-title":"Theory Comput. Syst."},{"issue":"11","key":"803_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.1002\/spe.2493","volume":"47","author":"K. Heo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Heo, K., Oh, H., Yi, K.: Selective conjunction of context-sensitivity and octagon domain toward scalable and precise global static analysis. Softw. Pract. Exp. 47(11), 1677\u20131705 (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/spe.2493","journal-title":"Softw. Pract. Exp."},{"issue":"6","key":"803_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114:1","DOI":"10.1145\/3456563","volume":"54","author":"S. Jaiswal","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jaiswal, S., Khedker, U.P., Mycroft, A.: A unified model for context-sensitive program analyses: the blind men and the elephant. ACM Comput. Surv. 54(6), 114:1\u2013114:37 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3456563","journal-title":"ACM Comput. Surv."},{"key":"803_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3428247","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages 4(OOPSLA)","author":"M. Jeon","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jeon, M., Lee, M., Oh, H.: Learning graph-based heuristics for pointer analysis without handcrafting application-specific features. In: Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages 4(OOPSLA), pp.\u00a01\u201330 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3428247"},{"key":"803_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3133924","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages 1(OOPSLA)","author":"S. Jeong","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jeong, S., Jeon, M., Cha, S., Oh, H.: Data-driven context-sensitivity for points-to analysis. In: Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages 1(OOPSLA), pp.\u00a01\u201328 (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3133924"},{"key":"803_CR20","unstructured":"Jourdan, J.H.: Verasco: a formally verified C static analyzer. Ph.D. thesis, Universit\u00e9 Paris Diderot-Paris VII (2016) https:\/\/tel.archives-ouvertes.fr\/tel-01327023"},{"issue":"1","key":"803_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1145\/2676726.2676966","volume":"50","author":"J.H. Jourdan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jourdan, J.H., Laporte, V., Blazy, S., Leroy, X., Pichardie, D.: A formally-verified C static analyzer. ACM SIGPLAN Not. 50(1), 247\u2013259 (2015). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2676726.2676966","journal-title":"ACM SIGPLAN Not."},{"key":"803_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1145\/2635868.2635904","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 22nd ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on Foundations of Software Engineering, (FSE-22)","author":"V. Kashyap","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kashyap, V., Dewey, K., Kuefner, E.A., Wagner, J., Gibbons, K., Sarracino, J., Wiedermann, B., Hardekopf, B.: JSAI: a static analysis platform for JavaScript. In: Cheung, S., Orso, A., Storey, M.D. (eds.) Proceedings of the 22nd ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on Foundations of Software Engineering, (FSE-22), Hong Kong, China, November 16\u201322, 2014, pp.\u00a0121\u2013132. ACM, New York (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2635868.2635904"},{"issue":"6","key":"803_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1145\/2491956.2462191","volume":"48","author":"G. Kastrinis","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kastrinis, G., Smaragdakis, Y.: Hybrid context-sensitivity for points-to analysis. ACM SIGPLAN Not. 48(6), 423\u2013434 (2013). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2491956.2462191","journal-title":"ACM SIGPLAN Not."},{"key":"803_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-78791-4_15","volume-title":"Compiler Construction: 17th International Conference, CC 2008, Held as Part of the Joint European Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2008, Proceedings","author":"U.P. Khedker","year":"2008","unstructured":"Khedker, U.P., Karkare, B.: Efficiency, precision, simplicity, and generality in interprocedural data flow analysis: resurrecting the classical call strings method. In: Compiler Construction: 17th International Conference, CC 2008, Held as Part of the Joint European Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2008, Proceedings. Budapest, Hungary, March 29\u2013April 6, 2008, vol.\u00a017, pp.\u00a0213\u2013228. Springer, Berlin (2008). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-540-78791-4_15"},{"key":"803_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1145\/1040305.1040335","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 32nd ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages, POPL 2005","author":"S. Lerner","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lerner, S., Millstein, T.D., Rice, E., Chambers, C.: Automated soundness proofs for dataflow analyses and transformations via local rules. In: Palsberg, J., Abadi, M. (eds.) Proceedings of the 32nd ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages, POPL 2005, Long Beach, California, USA, January 12\u201314, 2005, pp.\u00a0364\u2013377. ACM, New York (2005). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1040305.1040335"},{"key":"803_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/11688839_5","volume-title":"International Conference on Compiler Construction","author":"O. Lhot\u00e1k","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lhot\u00e1k, O., Hendren, L.: Context-sensitive points-to analysis: is it worth it? In: International Conference on Compiler Construction, pp.\u00a047\u201364. Springer, Berlin (2006). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/11688839_5"},{"key":"803_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3276511","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages 2(OOPSLA)","author":"Y. Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li, Y., Tan, T., M\u00f8ller, A., Smaragdakis, Y.: Precision-guided context sensitivity for pointer analysis. In: Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages 2(OOPSLA), pp.\u00a01\u201329 (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3276511"},{"key":"803_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1145\/3236024.3236041","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2018 26th ACM Joint Meeting on European Software Engineering Conference and Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering","author":"Y. Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li, Y., Tan, T., M\u00f8ller, A., Smaragdakis, Y.: Scalability-first pointer analysis with self-tuning context-sensitivity. In: Proceedings of the 2018 26th ACM Joint Meeting on European Software Engineering Conference and Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering, pp.\u00a0129\u2013140 (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3236024.3236041"},{"issue":"2","key":"803_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3381915","volume":"42","author":"Y. Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li, Y., Tan, T., M\u00f8ller, A., Smaragdakis, Y.: A principled approach to selective context sensitivity for pointer analysis. ACM Trans. Program. Lang. Syst. 42(2), 1\u201340 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3381915","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Program. Lang. Syst."},{"issue":"4","key":"803_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3450492","volume":"30","author":"J. Lu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lu, J., He, D., Xue, J.: Eagle: CFL-reachability-based precision-preserving acceleration of object-sensitive pointer analysis with partial context sensitivity. ACM Trans. Softw. Eng. Methodol. 30(4), 1\u201346 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3450492","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Softw. Eng. Methodol."},{"key":"803_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1145\/3591242","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages 7(PLDI)","author":"W. Ma","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ma, W., Yang, S., Tan, T., Ma, X., Xu, C., Li, Y.: Context sensitivity without contexts: a cut-shortcut approach to fast and precise pointer analysis. In: Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages 7(PLDI), pp.\u00a0539\u2013564 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3591242"},{"key":"803_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-54833-8_27","volume-title":"European Symposium on Programming Languages and Systems","author":"R. Mangal","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mangal, R., Naik, M., Yang, H.: A correspondence between two approaches to interprocedural analysis in the presence of join. In: European Symposium on Programming Languages and Systems, pp.\u00a0513\u2013533. Springer, Berlin (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-54833-8_27"},{"key":"803_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-49051-7_5","volume-title":"International Conference on Compiler Construction","author":"F. Martin","year":"1999","unstructured":"Martin, F.: Experimental comparison of call string and functional approaches to interprocedural analysis. In: International Conference on Compiler Construction, pp.\u00a063\u201375. Springer, Berlin (1999). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-540-49051-7_5"},{"key":"803_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/566172.566174","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2002 ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis","author":"A. Milanova","year":"2002","unstructured":"Milanova, A., Rountev, A., Ryder, B.G.: Parameterized object sensitivity for points-to and side-effect analyses for Java. In: Proceedings of the 2002 ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis, pp.\u00a01\u201311 (2002). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/566172.566174"},{"issue":"1","key":"803_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/1044834.1044835","volume":"14","author":"A. Milanova","year":"2005","unstructured":"Milanova, A., Rountev, A., Ryder, B.G.: Parameterized object sensitivity for points-to analysis for Java. ACM Trans. Softw. Eng. Methodol. 14(1), 1\u201341 (2005). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1044834.1044835","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Softw. Eng. Methodol."},{"issue":"1","key":"803_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/1044834.1044835","volume":"14","author":"A.L. Milanova","year":"2005","unstructured":"Milanova, A.L., Rountev, A., Ryder, B.G.: Parameterized object sensitivity for points-to analysis for Java. ACM Trans. Softw. Eng. Methodol. 14(1), 1\u201341 (2005). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1044834.1044835","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Softw. Eng. Methodol."},{"key":"803_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1145\/3453483.3454057","volume-title":"PLDI\u201921: 42nd ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation, Virtual Event","author":"B. Montagu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Montagu, B., Jensen, T.P.: Trace-based control-flow analysis. In: Freund, S.N., Yahav, E. (eds.) PLDI\u201921: 42nd ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation, Virtual Event, Canada, June 20\u201325, 2021, pp.\u00a0482\u2013496. ACM, New York (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3453483.3454057"},{"key":"803_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1145\/2594291.2594318","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 35th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation","author":"H. Oh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Oh, H., Lee, W., Heo, K., Yang, H., Yi, K.: Selective context-sensitivity guided by impact pre-analysis. In: Proceedings of the 35th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation, pp.\u00a0475\u2013484 (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2594291.2594318"},{"issue":"2","key":"803_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/2821504","volume":"38","author":"H. Oh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Oh, H., Lee, W., Heo, K., Yang, H., Yi, K.: Selective x-sensitive analysis guided by impact pre-analysis. ACM Trans. Program. Lang. Syst. 38(2), 1\u201345 (2015). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2821504","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Program. Lang. Syst."},{"key":"803_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1145\/2814270.2814309","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2015 ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, Systems, Languages, and Applications, OOPSLA 2015","author":"H. Oh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Oh, H., Yang, H., Yi, K.: Learning a strategy for adapting a program analysis via Bayesian optimisation. In: Proceedings of the 2015 ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, Systems, Languages, and Applications, OOPSLA 2015, pp.\u00a0572\u2013588. Association for Computing Machinery, New York (2015)"},{"issue":"7","key":"803_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3464457","volume":"54","author":"J. Park","year":"2021","unstructured":"Park, J., Lee, H., Ryu, S.: A survey of parametric static analysis. ACM Comput. Surv. 54(7), 1\u201337 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3464457","journal-title":"ACM Comput. Surv."},{"key":"803_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1145\/199448.199462","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 22nd ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages","author":"T. Reps","year":"1995","unstructured":"Reps, T., Horwitz, S., Sagiv, M.: Precise interprocedural dataflow analysis via graph reachability. In: Proceedings of the 22nd ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages, pp.\u00a049\u201361 (1995). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/199448.199462"},{"key":"803_CR43","series-title":"Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-45306-7_10","volume-title":"Compiler Construction, 10th International Conference, CC 2001 Held as Part of the Joint European Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2001","author":"N. Rinetzky","year":"2001","unstructured":"Rinetzky, N., Sagiv, S.: Interprocedural shape analysis for recursive programs. In: Wilhelm, R. (ed.) Compiler Construction, 10th International Conference, CC 2001 Held as Part of the Joint European Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2001, Genova, Italy, April 2\u20136, 2001. Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol.\u00a02027, pp.\u00a0133\u2013149. Springer, Berlin (2001). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/3-540-45306-7_10"},{"key":"803_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1145\/1926385.1926406","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 38th ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages, POPL 2011","author":"X. Rival","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rival, X., Chang, B.E.: Calling context abstraction with shapes. In: Ball, T., Sagiv, M. (eds.) Proceedings of the 38th ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages, POPL 2011, Austin, TX, USA, January 26-28, 2011, pp.\u00a0173\u2013186. ACM, New York (2011). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1926385.1926406"},{"key":"803_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10009-024-00773-y","author":"M. Schwarz","year":"2024","unstructured":"Schwarz, M., Erhard, J.: The digest framework: concurrency-sensitivity for abstract interpretation. Int. J. Softw. Tools Technol. Transf. (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10009-024-00773-y","journal-title":"Int. J. Softw. Tools Technol. Transf."},{"key":"803_CR46","series-title":"Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-88806-0_18","volume-title":"Static Analysis - 28th International Symposium, SAS 2021","author":"M. Schwarz","year":"2021","unstructured":"Schwarz, M., Saan, S., Seidl, H., Apinis, K., Erhard, J., Vojdani, V.: Improving thread-modular abstract interpretation. In: Dragoi, C., Mukherjee, S., Namjoshi, K.S. (eds.) Static Analysis - 28th International Symposium, SAS 2021, Chicago, IL, USA, October 17\u201319, 2021. Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol.\u00a012913, pp.\u00a0359\u2013383. Springer, Berlin (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-88806-0_18"},{"key":"803_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1145\/3589250.3596140","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 12th ACM SIGPLAN International Workshop on the State of the Art in Program Analysis, SOAP 2023","author":"M. Schwarz","year":"2023","unstructured":"Schwarz, M., Erhard, J., Vojdani, V., Saan, S., Seidl, H.: When long jumps fall short: control-flow tracking and misuse detection for non-local jumps in C. In: Ferrara, P., Hadarean, L. (eds.) Proceedings of the 12th ACM SIGPLAN International Workshop on the State of the Art in Program Analysis, SOAP 2023, Orlando, FL, USA, 17 June 2023, pp.\u00a020\u201326. ACM, New York (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3589250.3596140"},{"key":"803_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-30044-8_2","volume-title":"European Symposium on Programming","author":"M. Schwarz","year":"2023","unstructured":"Schwarz, M., Saan, S., Seidl, H., Erhard, J., Vojdani, V.: Clustered relational thread-modular abstract interpretation with local traces. In: European Symposium on Programming, pp.\u00a028\u201358. Springer, Berlin (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-30044-8_2"},{"issue":"9","key":"803_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1017\/S0960129521000499","volume":"31","author":"H. Seidl","year":"2021","unstructured":"Seidl, H., Vogler, R.: Three improvements to the top-down solver. Math. Struct. Comput. Sci. 31(9), 1090\u20131134 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0960129521000499","journal-title":"Math. Struct. Comput. Sci."},{"key":"803_CR50","volume-title":"Two Approaches to Interprocedural Data Flow Analysis","author":"M. Sharir","year":"1978","unstructured":"Sharir, M., Pnueli, A.: Two Approaches to Interprocedural Data Flow Analysis. New York University, Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences (1978)"},{"key":"803_CR51","unstructured":"Shivers, O.G.: Control-flow analysis of higher-order languages or taming lambda. Ph.D. thesis, Carnegie Mellon University (1991)"},{"key":"803_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1145\/1926385.1926390","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 38th Annual ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages","author":"Y. Smaragdakis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Smaragdakis, Y., Bravenboer, M., Lhot\u00e1k, O.: Pick your contexts well: understanding object-sensitivity. In: Proceedings of the 38th Annual ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages, pp.\u00a017\u201330 (2011). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1926385.1926390"},{"key":"803_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1145\/2594291.2594320","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 35th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation","author":"Y. Smaragdakis","year":"2014","unstructured":"Smaragdakis, Y., Kastrinis, G., Balatsouras, G.: Introspective analysis: context-sensitivity, across the board. In: Proceedings of the 35th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation, pp.\u00a0485\u2013495 (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2594291.2594320"},{"key":"803_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-53413-7_24","volume-title":"International Static Analysis Symposium","author":"T. Tan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tan, T., Li, Y., Xue, J.: Making k-object-sensitive pointer analysis more precise with still k-limiting. In: International Static Analysis Symposium, pp.\u00a0489\u2013510. Springer, Berlin (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-662-53413-7_24"},{"key":"803_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1145\/3062341.3062360","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 38th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation","author":"T. Tan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tan, T., Li, Y., Xue, J.: Efficient and precise points-to analysis: modeling the heap by merging equivalent automata. In: Proceedings of the 38th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation, pp.\u00a0278\u2013291 (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3062341.3062360"},{"issue":"OOPSLA","key":"803_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3485524","volume":"5","author":"T. Tan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tan, T., Li, Y., Ma, X., Xu, C., Smaragdakis, Y.: Making pointer analysis more precise by unleashing the power of selective context sensitivity. Proc. ACM Program. Lang. 5(OOPSLA), 1\u201327 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3485524","journal-title":"Proc. ACM Program. Lang."},{"key":"803_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1145\/3377555.3377902","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Compiler Construction, CC 2020","author":"M. Thakur","year":"2020","unstructured":"Thakur, M., Nandivada, V.K.: Mix your contexts well: opportunities unleashed by recent advances in scaling context-sensitivity. In: Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Compiler Construction, CC 2020, pp.\u00a027\u201338. Association for Computing Machinery, New York (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3377555.3377902"},{"key":"803_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1145\/2970276.2970337","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 31st IEEE\/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering, ASE 2016","author":"V. Vojdani","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vojdani, V., Apinis, K., R\u00f5tov, V., Seidl, H., Vene, V., Vogler, R.: Static race detection for device drivers: the goblint approach. In: Lo, D., Apel, S., Khurshid, S. (eds.) Proceedings of the 31st IEEE\/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering, ASE 2016, Singapore, September 3\u20137, 2016, pp.\u00a0391\u2013402. ACM, New York (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2970276.2970337"},{"key":"803_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4230\/LIPIcs.ECOOP.2015.712","volume-title":"29th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2015)","author":"S. Wei","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wei, S., Ryder, B.G.: Adaptive context-sensitive analysis for JavaScript. In: 29th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2015). Schloss Dagstuhl-Leibniz-Zentrum fuer Informatik (2015). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4230\/LIPIcs.ECOOP.2015.712"},{"key":"803_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1145\/996841.996859","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN 2004 Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation 2004","author":"J. Whaley","year":"2004","unstructured":"Whaley, J., Lam, M.S.: Cloning-based context-sensitive pointer alias analysis using binary decision diagrams. In: Pugh, W.W., Chambers, C. (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN 2004 Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation 2004, Washington, DC, USA, June 9\u201311, 2004, pp.\u00a0131\u2013144. ACM, New York (2004). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/996841.996859"}],"container-title":["International Journal on Software Tools for Technology Transfer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10009-025-00803-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10009-025-00803-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10009-025-00803-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T13:18:19Z","timestamp":1749647899000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10009-025-00803-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["803"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10009-025-00803-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1433-2779","1433-2787"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1433-2779"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1433-2787"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 April 2025","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 May 2025","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}