{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T02:53:43Z","timestamp":1768791223100,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]],"date-time":"2025-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755648000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]],"date-time":"2025-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755648000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Major Projects of Technological Innovation in Hubei Province","award":["2019AEA170"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019AEA170"]}]},{"name":"the Major Projects of Technological Innovation in Hubei Province","award":["2019AEA170"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019AEA170"]}]},{"name":"the Major Projects of Technological Innovation in Hubei Province","award":["2019AEA170"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019AEA170"]}]},{"name":"the Major Projects of Technological Innovation in Hubei Province","award":["2019AEA170"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019AEA170"]}]},{"name":"the Major Projects of Technological Innovation in Hubei Province","award":["2019AEA170"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019AEA170"]}]},{"name":"the Frontier Projects of Wuhan for Application Foundation","award":["2019010701011381"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019010701011381"]}]},{"name":"the Frontier Projects of Wuhan for Application Foundation","award":["2019010701011381"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019010701011381"]}]},{"name":"the Frontier Projects of Wuhan for Application Foundation","award":["2019010701011381"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019010701011381"]}]},{"name":"the Frontier Projects of Wuhan for Application Foundation","award":["2019010701011381"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019010701011381"]}]},{"name":"the Frontier Projects of Wuhan for Application Foundation","award":["2019010701011381"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019010701011381"]}]},{"name":"the Translational Medicine and Interdisciplinary Research Joint Fund of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University","award":["ZNJC202226"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZNJC202226"]}]},{"name":"the Translational Medicine and Interdisciplinary Research Joint Fund of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University","award":["ZNJC202226"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZNJC202226"]}]},{"name":"the Translational Medicine and Interdisciplinary Research Joint Fund of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University","award":["ZNJC202226"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZNJC202226"]}]},{"name":"the Translational Medicine and Interdisciplinary Research Joint Fund of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University","award":["ZNJC202226"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZNJC202226"]}]},{"name":"the Translational Medicine and Interdisciplinary Research Joint Fund of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University","award":["ZNJC202226"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZNJC202226"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pattern Anal Applic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10044-025-01540-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]],"date-time":"2025-08-20T14:03:34Z","timestamp":1755698614000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Stain normalization of pathological images using self-attention based cycleGAN with grey scale consistency loss"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Zheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Wensi","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Junfeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"1540_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101813","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2020.101813","volume":"67","author":"CL Srinidhi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Srinidhi CL, Ciga O, Martel AL (2021) Deep neural network models for computational histopathology: a survey. Med Image Anal 67:101813","journal-title":"Med Image Anal"},{"key":"1540_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen Y, Liu J, Zuo Z, Jiang P, Jin Y, Wu G (2023) Classifying pathological images based on multi-instance learning and end-to-end attention pooling. In: ICASSP 2023-2023 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), pp. 1\u20135. IEEE","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP49357.2023.10094946"},{"issue":"5","key":"1540_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01343-4","volume":"27","author":"J Laak","year":"2021","unstructured":"Laak J, Litjens G, Ciompi F (2021) Deep learning in histopathology: the path to the clinic. Nat Med 27(5):775\u2013784","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"1540_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1007\/s11760-022-02325-w","volume":"17","author":"I Bakkouri","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bakkouri I, Afdel K (2023) Mlca2f: multi-level context attentional feature fusion for covid-19 lesion segmentation from ct scans. SIViP 17(4):1181\u20131188","journal-title":"SIViP"},{"issue":"8","key":"1540_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10743","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-022-12242-2","volume":"81","author":"I Bakkouri","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bakkouri I, Afdel K, Benois-Pineau J, Initiative, GCFtADN, (2022) Bg-3dm2f: bidirectional gated 3d multi-scale feature fusion for Alzheimer\u2019s disease diagnosis. Multim Tools Appl 81(8):10743\u201310776","journal-title":"Multim Tools Appl"},{"issue":"29","key":"1540_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20483","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-019-07988-1","volume":"79","author":"I Bakkouri","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bakkouri I, Afdel K (2020) Computer-aided diagnosis (cad) system based on multi-layer feature fusion network for skin lesion recognition in dermoscopy images. Multim Tools Appl 79(29):20483\u201320518","journal-title":"Multim Tools Appl"},{"key":"1540_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12939","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-018-6267-z","volume":"78","author":"I Bakkouri","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bakkouri I, Afdel K (2019) Multi-scale cnn based on region proposals for efficient breast abnormality recognition. Multim Tools Appl 78:12939\u201312960","journal-title":"Multim Tools Appl"},{"key":"1540_CR8","first-page":"1","volume":"10","author":"P Jiang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jiang P, Li X, Shen H, Chen Y, Wang L, Chen H, Feng J, Liu J (2023) A systematic review of deep learning-based cervical cytology screening: from cell identification to whole slide image analysis. Artif Intell Rev 10:1\u201372","journal-title":"Artif Intell Rev"},{"key":"1540_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jiang P, Liu J, Wang L, Feng J, Cao D, Pang B (2022) Classifying cervical histopathological whole slide images via deep multi-instance transfer learning. In: 2022 IEEE international conference on bioinformatics and biomedicine (BIBM), pp. 2302\u20132307. IEEE","DOI":"10.1109\/BIBM55620.2022.9995014"},{"key":"1540_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micron.2018.07.005","volume":"114","author":"S Roy","year":"2018","unstructured":"Roy S, Jain A, Lal S, Kini J (2018) A study about color normalization methods for histopathology images. Micron 114:42\u201361","journal-title":"Micron"},{"issue":"5","key":"1540_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1109\/38.946629","volume":"21","author":"E Reinhard","year":"2001","unstructured":"Reinhard E, Adhikhmin M, Gooch B, Shirley P (2001) Color transfer between images. IEEE Comput Grap Appl 21(5):34\u201341","journal-title":"IEEE Comput Grap Appl"},{"key":"1540_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Macenko M, Niethammer M, Marron JS, Borland D, Woosley JT, Guan X, Schmitt C, Thomas NE (2009) A method for normalizing histology slides for quantitative analysis. In: 2009 IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging: from Nano to Macro, pp. 1107\u20131110. IEEE","DOI":"10.1109\/ISBI.2009.5193250"},{"issue":"6","key":"1540_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2014.2303294","volume":"61","author":"AM Khan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Khan AM, Rajpoot N, Treanor D, Magee D (2014) A nonlinear mapping approach to stain normalization in digital histopathology images using image-specific color deconvolution. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 61(6):1729\u20131738","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng"},{"issue":"2","key":"1540_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2015.2476509","volume":"35","author":"BE Bejnordi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bejnordi BE, Litjens G, Timofeeva N, Otte-H\u00f6ller I, Homeyer A, Karssemeijer N, Van Der Laak JA (2015) Stain specific standardization of whole-slide histopathological images. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 35(2):404\u2013415","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging"},{"issue":"8","key":"1540_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1962","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2016.2529665","volume":"35","author":"A Vahadane","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vahadane A, Peng T, Sethi A, Albarqouni S, Wang L, Baust M, Steiger K, Schlitter AM, Esposito I, Navab N (2016) Structure-preserving color normalization and sparse stain separation for histological images. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 35(8):1962\u20131971","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging"},{"key":"1540_CR16","first-page":"101997","volume":"132","author":"MZ Hoque","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hoque MZ, Keskinarkaus A, Nyberg P, Sepp\u00e4nen T (2023) Stain normalization methods for histopathology image analysis: a comprehensive review and experimental comparison. Inf Fusion 132:101997","journal-title":"Inf Fusion"},{"key":"1540_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compmedimag.2016.05.003","volume":"57","author":"A Janowczyk","year":"2017","unstructured":"Janowczyk A, Basavanhally A, Madabhushi A (2017) Stain normalization using sparse autoencoders (stanosa): application to digital pathology. Comput Med Imaging Graph 57:50\u201361","journal-title":"Comput Med Imaging Graph"},{"key":"1540_CR18","first-page":"953","volume-title":"ISBI","author":"MT Shaban","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shaban MT, Baur C, Navab N, Albarqouni S (2019) Staingan: stain style transfer for digital histological images. ISBI. IEEE, New York, pp 953\u2013956"},{"key":"1540_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou N, Cai D, Han X, Yao J (2019) Enhanced cycle-consistent generative adversarial network for color normalization of h &e stained images. In: Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention\u2013MICCAI 2019: 22nd International Conference, Shenzhen, China, October 13\u201317, 2019, Proceedings, Part I 22, pp. 694\u2013702. Springer","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-32239-7_77"},{"key":"1540_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mahapatra D, Bozorgtabar B, Thiran J-P, Shao L (2020) Structure preserving stain normalization of histopathology images using self supervised semantic guidance. In: Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention\u2013MICCAI 2020: 23rd International Conference, Lima, Peru, October 4\u20138, 2020, Proceedings, Part V 23, pp. 309\u2013319. Springer, Cham","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-59722-1_30"},{"key":"1540_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Salehi P, Chalechale A (2020) Pix2pix-based stain-to-stain translation: a solution for robust stain normalization in histopathology images analysis. In: 2020 International conference on machine vision and image processing (MVIP), pp. 1\u20137. IEEE","DOI":"10.1109\/MVIP49855.2020.9116895"},{"key":"1540_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"746307","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.746307","volume":"8","author":"H Kang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kang H, Luo D, Feng W, Zeng S, Quan T, Hu J, Liu X (2021) Stainnet: a fast and robust stain normalization network. Front Med 8:746307","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"key":"1540_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2022.102580","volume":"82","author":"C Cong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cong C, Liu S, Di Ieva A, Pagnucco M, Berkovsky S, Song Y (2022) Colour adaptive generative networks for stain normalisation of histopathology images. Med Image Anal 82:102580","journal-title":"Med Image Anal"},{"key":"1540_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nerrienet N, Peyret R, Sockeel M, Sockeel S (2023) Standardized cyclegan training for unsupervised stain adaptation in invasive carcinoma classification for breast histopathology. arXiv preprint arXiv:2301.13128","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JMI.10.6.067502"},{"key":"1540_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2024.103149","volume":"94","author":"MJ Hetz","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hetz MJ, Bucher T-C, Brinker TJ (2024) Multi-domain stain normalization for digital pathology: a cycle-consistent adversarial network for whole slide images. Med Image Anal 94:103149","journal-title":"Med Image Anal"},{"key":"1540_CR26","volume-title":"Digital Image Processing","author":"RC Gonzalez","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gonzalez RC, Woods RE (2008) Digital Image Processing, 3rd edn. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River","edition":"3"},{"key":"1540_CR27","first-page":"32","volume":"16","author":"A Rabinovich","year":"2003","unstructured":"Rabinovich A, Agarwal S, Laris C, Price J, Belongie S (2003) Unsupervised color decomposition of histologically stained tissue samples. Adv Neural Inf Process Syst 16:32","journal-title":"Adv Neural Inf Process Syst"},{"key":"1540_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anand D, Ramakrishnan G, Sethi A (2019) Fast gpu-enabled color normalization for digital pathology. In: 2019 International Conference on Systems, Signals and Image Processing (IWSSIP), pp. 219\u2013224. IEEE","DOI":"10.1109\/IWSSIP.2019.8787328"},{"key":"1540_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Isola P, Zhu J-Y, Zhou T, Efros AA (2017) Image-to-image translation with conditional adversarial networks. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 1125\u20131134","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.632"},{"key":"1540_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2024.108136","volume":"133","author":"EB Kablan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kablan EB, Ayas S (2024) Stainswin: vision transformer-based stain normalization for histopathology image analysis. Eng Appl Artif Intell 133:108136","journal-title":"Eng Appl Artif Intell"},{"key":"1540_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3530811","author":"Y Tay","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tay Y, Dehghani M, Bahri D, Metzler D (2022) Efficient transformers: a survey. ACM Comput Surv. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3530811","journal-title":"ACM Comput Surv"},{"key":"1540_CR32","first-page":"2223","volume-title":"ICCV","author":"J-Y Zhu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhu J-Y, Park T, Isola P, Efros AA (2017) Unpaired image-to-image translation using cycle-consistent adversarial networks. ICCV. IEEE, Cham, pp 2223\u20132232"},{"key":"1540_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiong Y, Zeng Z, Chakraborty R, Tan M, Fung G, Li Y, Singh V (2021) Nystr\u00f6mformer: A nystr\u00f6m-based algorithm for approximating self-attention. In: Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, vol. 35, pp. 14138\u201314148","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v35i16.17664"},{"key":"1540_CR34","unstructured":"Beltagy I, Peters ME, Cohan A (2020) Longformer: The long-document transformer. arXiv preprint arXiv:2004.05150"},{"key":"1540_CR35","unstructured":"Wang S, Li BZ, Khabsa M, Fang H, Ma H (2020) Linformer: Self-attention with linear complexity. arXiv preprint arXiv:2006.04768"},{"issue":"1","key":"1540_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.4103\/2153-3539.112693","volume":"4","author":"R Ludovic","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ludovic R, Daniel R, Nicolas L, Maria K, Humayun I, Jacques K, Fr\u00e9d\u00e9rique C, Catherine G (2013) Mitosis detection in breast cancer histological images an icpr 2012 contest. J Pathol Inf 4(1):8","journal-title":"J Pathol Inf"},{"issue":"3","key":"1540_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1007\/s10278-022-00761-1","volume":"36","author":"P Jiang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jiang P, Liu J, Luo Q, Pang B, Xiao D, Cao D (2023) Development of automatic portable pathology scanner and its evaluation for clinical practice. J Digit Imaging 36(3):1110\u20131122","journal-title":"J Digit Imaging"},{"key":"1540_CR38","first-page":"770","volume-title":"Deep residual learning for image recognition","author":"K He","year":"2016","unstructured":"He K, Zhang X, Ren S, Sun J (2016) Deep residual learning for image recognition. IEEE, New York, pp 770\u2013778"},{"key":"1540_CR39","first-page":"2261","volume-title":"Densely connected convolutional networks","author":"G Huang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Huang G, Liu Z, Der Maaten LV, Weinberger KQ (2017) Densely connected convolutional networks. IEEE, New York, pp 2261\u20132269"},{"key":"1540_CR40","unstructured":"Tan M, Le Q (2019) Efficientnet: Rethinking model scaling for convolutional neural networks. In: International conference on machine learning, pp. 6105\u20136114. PMLR"},{"key":"1540_CR41","unstructured":"Dosovitskiy A, Beyer L, Kolesnikov A, Weissenborn D, Zhai X, Unterthiner T, Dehghani M, Minderer M, Heigold G, Gelly S et al (2020) An image is worth 16x16 words: Transformers for image recognition at scale. arXiv preprint arXiv:2010.11929"},{"key":"1540_CR42","unstructured":"Zingman I, Frayle S, Tankoyeu I, Sukhanov S, Heinemann F (2024) A comparative evaluation of image-to-image translation methods for stain transfer in histopathology. In: Medical imaging with deep learning, pp. 1509\u20131525. PMLR"},{"issue":"4","key":"1540_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2003.819861","volume":"13","author":"B WangZhou","year":"2004","unstructured":"WangZhou B, Sheikh H (2004) Image qualityassessment: from error visibility to structural similarity. IEEE Transon Image Process 13(4):600","journal-title":"IEEE Transon Image Process"},{"issue":"2","key":"1540_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.3390\/e19020047","volume":"19","author":"A Ramdas","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ramdas A, Garc\u00eda Trillos N, Cuturi M (2017) On wasserstein two-sample testing and related families of nonparametric tests. Entropy 19(2):47","journal-title":"Entropy"},{"key":"1540_CR45","first-page":"16","volume":"30","author":"M Heusel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Heusel M, Ramsauer H, Unterthiner T, Nessler B, Hochreiter S (2017) Gans trained by a two time-scale update rule converge to a local nash equilibrium. Adv Neural Inf Process Syst 30:16","journal-title":"Adv Neural Inf Process Syst"},{"key":"1540_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.453","volume":"2","author":"S Walt","year":"2014","unstructured":"Walt S, Sch\u00f6nberger JL, Nunez-Iglesias J, Boulogne F, Warner JD, Yager N, Gouillart E, Yu T (2014) scikit-image: image processing in python. PeerJ 2:453","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"issue":"3","key":"1540_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1016\/0047-259X(82)90077-X","volume":"12","author":"D Dowson","year":"1982","unstructured":"Dowson D, Landau B (1982) The fr\u00e9chet distance between multivariate normal distributions. J Multivar Anal 12(3):450\u2013455","journal-title":"J Multivar Anal"},{"key":"1540_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jiang P, Liu J, Chen Y, Dong H, Chen H, Pang B, Cao D (2023) Medical knowledge guided intra-specimen reference network for cervical cell classification. In: 2023 IEEE 20th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI), pp. 1\u20135. IEEE","DOI":"10.1109\/ISBI53787.2023.10230444"}],"container-title":["Pattern Analysis and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10044-025-01540-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10044-025-01540-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10044-025-01540-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T08:00:17Z","timestamp":1765008017000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10044-025-01540-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1540"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10044-025-01540-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1433-7541","1433-755X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1433-7541","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-755X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 April 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 August 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 August 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no Conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"158"}}