{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T02:45:47Z","timestamp":1774579547379,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,23]],"date-time":"2019-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566518400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,23]],"date-time":"2019-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566518400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006253","name":"Ag\u00e8ncia per a la Competitivitat de l\u2019Empresa","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VR360"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VR360"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006253","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Virtual Reality"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10055-019-00400-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,23]],"date-time":"2019-08-23T09:08:41Z","timestamp":1566551321000},"page":"289-302","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Users\u2019 psychophysiological, vocal, and self-reported responses to the apparent attitude of a virtual audience in stereoscopic 360\u00b0-video"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5056-7633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"Barreda-\u00c1ngeles","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Aleix-Guillaume","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Pereda-Ba\u00f1os","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"400_CR2","unstructured":"AcqKnowledge 4.2 [Computer software] (2011). Biopac Systems, Inc"},{"issue":"2","key":"400_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1007\/s10608-016-9820-y","volume":"41","author":"PL Anderson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Anderson PL, Edwards SM, Goodnight JR (2017) Virtual reality and exposure group therapy for social anxiety disorder: results from a 4\u20136\u00a0year follow-up. Cogn Ther Res 41(2):230\u2013236. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10608-016-9820-y","journal-title":"Cogn Ther Res"},{"key":"400_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2014.00944","volume":"8","author":"L Aymerich-Franch","year":"2014","unstructured":"Aymerich-Franch L, Kizilcec RF, Bailenson JN (2014) The relationship between virtual self-similarity and social anxiety. Front Human Neurosci 8:944. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnhum.2014.00944","journal-title":"Front Human Neurosci"},{"key":"400_CR5","unstructured":"Bailenson JN, Aharoni E, Beall AC, Guadagno RE, Dimov A, Blascovich J (2004) Comparing behavioral and self-report measures of embodied agents\u2019 social presence in immersive virtual environments. In: Proceedings of the 7th annual international workshop on PRESENCE, October 13\u201315, Valencia, Spain"},{"issue":"6","key":"400_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2004.7.734","volume":"7","author":"RM Ba\u00f1os","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ba\u00f1os RM, Botella C, Alca\u00f1iz M, Lia\u00f1o V, Guerrero B, Rey B (2004) Immersion and emotion: their impact on the sense of presence. Cyberpsychol Behav 7(6):734\u2013741. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/cpb.2004.7.734","journal-title":"Cyberpsychol Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"400_CR1","first-page":"14","volume":"13","author":"M Barreda-\u00c1ngeles","year":"2018","unstructured":"Barreda-\u00c1ngeles M, Redondo-Tejedor R, Pereda-Ba\u00f1os A (2018) Psychophysiological methods for quality of experience research in virtual reality systems and applications. MMCT COMSOC Comm Front 13(1):14\u201320","journal-title":"MMCT COMSOC Comm Front"},{"issue":"2","key":"400_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1109\/TBC.2018.2828607","volume":"64","author":"F Battisti","year":"2018","unstructured":"Battisti F, Carli M, Le Callet P, Paudyal P (2018) Toward the assessment of quality of experience for asymmetric encoding in immersive media. IEEE Trans Broadcast 64(2):392\u2013406. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TBC.2018.2828607","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Broadcast"},{"issue":"4","key":"400_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1037\/\/1089-2680.5.4.323","volume":"5","author":"RF Baumeister","year":"2001","unstructured":"Baumeister RF, Bratslavsky E, Finkenauer C, Vohs KD (2001) Bad is stronger than good. Rev Gen Psychol 5(4):323\u2013370. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/\/1089-2680.5.4.323","journal-title":"Rev Gen Psychol"},{"key":"400_CR9","unstructured":"Biocca F, Burgoon JK, Harms C, Stoner M (2001) Criteria and scope conditions for a theory and measure of social presence. Paper presented at presence 2001 Conference, Philadelphia, PA"},{"key":"400_CR10","unstructured":"Bliese P (2016) Multilevel Modeling in R (2.6): a brief introduction to R, the multilevel package and the nlme package. Retrieved from \nhttps:\/\/cran.r-project.org\/doc\/contrib\/Bliese_Multilevel.pdf"},{"key":"400_CR11","unstructured":"Boersma P, Weenink D (2017) Praat: doing phonetics by computer [Computer program]. Version 6.0.28. Retrieved from \nhttp:\/\/www.praat.org\/"},{"issue":"11","key":"400_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.3357\/ASEM.2394.2009","volume":"80","author":"F Bonato","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bonato F, Bubka A, Palmisano S (2009) Combined pitch and roll and cybersickness in a virtual environment. Aviat Space Environ Med 80(11):941\u2013945. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.3357\/ASEM.2394.2009","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"400_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2009.11.007","volume":"41","author":"JE Bos","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bos JE, De Vries SC, van Emmerik ML, Groen EL (2010) The effect of internal and external fields of view on visually induced motion sickness. Appl Ergon 41(4):516\u2013521. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apergo.2009.11.007","journal-title":"Appl Ergon"},{"issue":"1","key":"400_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7916(94)90063-9","volume":"25","author":"MM Bradley","year":"1994","unstructured":"Bradley MM, Lang PJ (1994) Measuring emotion: the self-assessment manikin and the semantic differential. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 25(1):49\u201359. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0005-7916(94)90063-9","journal-title":"J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry"},{"key":"400_CR15","unstructured":"Brunnstr\u00f6m\u00a0K, Beker SA, De Moor K, Dooms A, Egger S, Garcia MN et al (2013) Qualinet white paper on definitions of quality of experience. Retrieved from \nhttps:\/\/hal.archives-ouvertes.fr\/hal-00977812\/"},{"key":"400_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1177\/1362168816656650","volume":"22","author":"G Bui","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bui G, Huang Z (2018) L2 fluency as influenced by content familiarity and planning: performance, measurement, and pedagogy. Lang Teach Res 22:94\u2013114","journal-title":"Lang Teach Res"},{"key":"400_CR17","unstructured":"Carreiras C, Alves AP, Louren\u00e7o A, Canento F, Silva H, Fred A (2015) BioSPPy\u2014biosignal processing in python [Computer software]. \nhttps:\/\/github.com\/PIA-Group\/BioSPPy\/\n\n. Accessed 9 Feb 2018"},{"issue":"4","key":"400_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.3758\/s13415-014-0270-2","volume":"14","author":"L Carreti\u00e9","year":"2014","unstructured":"Carreti\u00e9 L (2014) Exogenous (automatic) attention to emotional stimuli: a review. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci 14(4):1228\u20131258. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/s13415-014-0270-2","journal-title":"Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"400_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2007.10.003","volume":"46","author":"MG Craske","year":"2008","unstructured":"Craske MG, Kircanski K, Zelikowsky M, Mystkowski J, Chowdhury N, Baker A (2008) Optimizing inhibitory learning during exposure therapy. Behav Res Ther 46(1):5\u201327. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brat.2007.10.003","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"400_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1080\/15213269.2015.1015740","volume":"19","author":"JJ Cummings","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cummings JJ, Bailenson JN (2016) How immersive is enough? A meta-analysis of the effect of immersive technology on user presence. Media Psychol 19(2):272\u2013309. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15213269.2015.1015740","journal-title":"Media Psychol"},{"key":"400_CR21","first-page":"200","volume-title":"Handbook of psychophysiology","author":"ME Dawson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dawson ME, Schell AM, Filion DL (2007) The electrodermal system. In: Cacioppo JT, Tassinary LG, Berntson GG (eds) Handbook of psychophysiology, 3rd edn. Cambridge University Press, New York, pp 200\u2013223","edition":"3"},{"key":"400_CR22","volume-title":"R: a language and environment for statistical computing","author":"R Development Core Team","year":"2008","unstructured":"Development Core Team R (2008) R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna"},{"issue":"3","key":"400_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.130.3.355","volume":"130","author":"SS Dickerson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Dickerson SS, Kemeny ME (2004) Acute stressors and cortisol responses: a theoretical integration and synthesis of laboratory research. Psychol Bull 130(3):355\u2013391. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0033-2909.130.3.355","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"400_CR24","first-page":"19","volume":"10","author":"H Ferdinando","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ferdinando H, Alasaarela E (2018) Emotion recognition using cvxEDA-based features. J Telecommun Electron Comput Eng 10(2\u20133):19\u201323","journal-title":"J Telecommun Electron Comput Eng"},{"issue":"2","key":"400_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1162\/105474600566691","volume":"9","author":"J Freeman","year":"2000","unstructured":"Freeman J, Avons SE, Meddis R, Pearson DE, IJsselsteijn W (2000) Using behavioral realism to estimate presence: a study of the utility of postural responses to motion stimuli. Presence Teleoper Virtual Environ 9(2):149\u2013164. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/105474600566691","journal-title":"Presence Teleoper Virtual Environ"},{"issue":"6","key":"400_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00338.2018","volume":"125","author":"AM Gavgani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gavgani AM, Walker FR, Hodgson DM, Nalivaiko E (2018) A comparative study of cybersickness during exposure to virtual reality and \u201cclassic\u201d motion sickness: are they different? J Appl Physiol 125(6):1670\u20131680. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/japplphysiol.00338.2018","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"400_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2015.2474131","volume":"63","author":"A Greco","year":"2016","unstructured":"Greco A, Valenza G, Lanata A, Scilingo EP, Citi L (2016) cvxEDA: a convex optimization approach to electrodermal activity processing. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 63(4):797\u2013804. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TBME.2015.2474131","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng"},{"issue":"1","key":"400_CR28","first-page":"1","volume":"10","author":"RE Guadagno","year":"2007","unstructured":"Guadagno RE, Blascovich J, Bailenson JN, Mccall C (2007) Virtual humans and persuasion: the effects of agency and behavioral realism. Media Psychol 10(1):1\u201322","journal-title":"Media Psychol"},{"issue":"6","key":"400_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2011.07.017","volume":"27","author":"RE Guadagno","year":"2011","unstructured":"Guadagno RE, Swinth KR, Blascovich J (2011) Social evaluations of embodied agents and avatars. Comput Hum Behav 27(6):2380\u20132385. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2011.07.017","journal-title":"Comput Hum Behav"},{"issue":"6","key":"400_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1089\/1094931023210181873-550","volume":"5","author":"SR Harris","year":"2002","unstructured":"Harris SR, Kemmerling RL, North MM (2002) Brief virtual reality therapy for public speaking anxiety. Cyberpsychol Behav 5(6):54. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/1094931023210181873-550","journal-title":"Cyberpsychol Behav"},{"issue":"3","key":"400_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e92804","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0092804","volume":"9","author":"D Hartanto","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hartanto D, Kampmann IL, Morina N, Emmelkamp PG, Neerincx MA, Brinkman WP (2014) Controlling social stress in virtual reality environments. PLoS ONE 9(3):e92804. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0092804","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"400_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1027\/1864-1105\/a000137","volume":"28","author":"T Hartmann","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hartmann T, Wirth W, Schramm H, Klimmt C, Vorderer P, Gysbers A et al (2016) The spatial presence experience scale (SPES): a short self-report measure for diverse media settings. J Media Psychol 28:1\u201315. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1027\/1864-1105\/a000137","journal-title":"J Media Psychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"400_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1167\/8.3.33","volume":"8","author":"DM Hoffman","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hoffman DM, Girshick AR, Akeley K, Banks MS (2008) Vergence-accommodation conflicts hinder visual performance and cause visual fatigue. J Vis 8(3):834\u2013862. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/8.3.33","journal-title":"J Vis"},{"issue":"6","key":"400_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-6185(97)00040-6","volume":"11","author":"SG Hofmann","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hofmann SG, Gerlach AL, Wender A, Roth WT (1997) Speech disturbances and gaze behavior during public speaking in subtypes of social phobia. J Anxiety Disord 11(6):573\u2013585. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0887-6185(97)00040-6","journal-title":"J Anxiety Disord"},{"key":"400_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.10.008","volume":"55","author":"N Kang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kang N, Brinkman WP, van Riemsdijk MB, Neerincx M (2016) The design of virtual audiences: noticeable and recognizable behavioral styles. Comput Hum Behav 55:680\u2013694. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2015.10.008","journal-title":"Comput Hum Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"400_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1027\/1864-1105\/a000175","volume":"30","author":"J Kim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kim J, Timmerman CE (2018) Effects of supportive feedback messages on exergame experiences: a mediating role of social presence. J Media Psychol 30(1):29\u201340. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1027\/1864-1105\/a000175","journal-title":"J Media Psychol"},{"key":"400_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-33542-6_5","volume-title":"Entertainment computing- ICEC 2012. Lectures notes in Computer Science","author":"OD Kothgassner","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kothgassner OD, Felnhofer A, Beutl L, Hlavacs H, Lehenbauer M, Stetina B (2012) A virtual training tool for giving talks. In: Herrlich M, Malaka R, Masuch M (eds) Entertainment computing- ICEC 2012. Lectures notes in Computer Science, vol 7522. Springer, Berlin, pp 53\u201366"},{"issue":"1","key":"400_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1145\/333329.333344","volume":"32","author":"JJ La Viola Jr","year":"2000","unstructured":"La Viola JJ Jr (2000) A discussion of cybersickness in virtual environments. ACM SIGCHI Bull 32(1):47\u201356. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/333329.333344","journal-title":"ACM SIGCHI Bull"},{"key":"400_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.00213","author":"S Laborde","year":"2017","unstructured":"Laborde S, Mosley E, Thayer JF (2017) Heart rate variability and cardiac vagal tone in psychophysiological research: recommendations for experiment planning, data analysis, and data reporting. Front Psychol. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.00213","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"issue":"4","key":"400_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2012.6178834","volume":"50","author":"KUR Laghari","year":"2012","unstructured":"Laghari KUR, Connelly K (2012) Toward total quality of experience: a QoE model in a communication ecosystem. IEEE Commun Mag 50(4):58\u201365. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/MCOM.2012.6178834","journal-title":"IEEE Commun Mag"},{"issue":"3","key":"400_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30201-1","DOI":"10.2352\/j.imagingsci.technol.2009.53.3.030201","volume":"53","author":"M Lambooij","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lambooij M, Fortuin M, Heynderickx I, IJsselsteijn W (2009) Visual discomfort and visual fatigue of stereoscopic displays: a review. J Imaging Sci Technol 53(3):30201-1. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.2352\/j.imagingsci.technol.2009.53.3.030201","journal-title":"J Imaging Sci Technol"},{"key":"400_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1037\/10546-004","volume-title":"Research in psychotherapy","author":"PJ Lang","year":"1968","unstructured":"Lang PJ (1968) Fear reduction and fear behavior: problems in treating a construct. In: Shilen JUH (ed) Research in psychotherapy, vol 3. American Psychological Association, Washington, pp 90\u2013102"},{"issue":"5","key":"400_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0003-066X.50.5.372","volume":"50","author":"PJ Lang","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lang PJ (1995) The emotion probe: studies of motivation and attention. Am Psychol 50(5):372\u2013385. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/\/0003-066X.50.5.372","journal-title":"Am Psychol"},{"key":"400_CR44","first-page":"185","volume-title":"Media effects: advances in theory and research","author":"A Lang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lang A, Potter RF, Bolls P (2009) Where psychophysiology meets the media: Taking the effects out of mass media research. In: Bryant J, Oliver MB (eds) Media effects: advances in theory and research. Routledge, New York, pp 185\u2013206"},{"issue":"4","key":"400_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/s10919-008-0055-9","volume":"32","author":"P Laukka","year":"2008","unstructured":"Laukka P, Linnman C, \u00c5hs F, Pissiota A, Frans \u00d6, Faria V et al (2008) In a nervous voice: acoustic analysis and perception of anxiety in social phobics\u2019 speech. J Nonverbal Behav 32(4):195\u2013214. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10919-008-0055-9","journal-title":"J Nonverbal Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"400_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2885.2004.tb00302.x","volume":"14","author":"KM Lee","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lee KM (2004) Presence, explicated. Commun Theory 14(1):27\u201350. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1468-2885.2004.tb00302.x","journal-title":"Commun Theory"},{"issue":"3","key":"400_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1007\/s10055-009-0118-1","volume":"13","author":"JC Lepecq","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lepecq JC, Bringoux L, Pergandi JM, Coyle T, Mestre D (2009) Afforded actions as a behavioral assessment of physical presence in virtual environments. Virtual Real 13(3):141\u2013151. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10055-009-0118-1","journal-title":"Virtual Real"},{"issue":"10","key":"400_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2010.07.004","volume":"14","author":"CK Morewedge","year":"2010","unstructured":"Morewedge CK, Kahneman D (2010) Associative processes in intuitive judgment. Trends Cogn Sci 14(10):435\u2013440. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tics.2010.07.004","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"key":"400_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2015.08.010","volume":"74","author":"N Morina","year":"2015","unstructured":"Morina N, Ijntema H, Meyerbr\u00f6ker K, Emmelkamp PM (2015) Can virtual reality exposure therapy gains be generalized to real-life? A meta-analysis of studies applying behavioral assessments. Behav Res Ther 74:18\u201324. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brat.2015.08.010","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"400_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.35.4.250","volume":"35","author":"RE Nisbett","year":"1977","unstructured":"Nisbett RE, Wilson TD (1977) The halo effect: evidence for unconscious alteration of judgments. J Pers Soc Psychol 35(4):250\u2013256. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0022-3514.35.4.250","journal-title":"J Pers Soc Psychol"},{"issue":"2","key":"400_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20910","volume":"29","author":"D Opri\u015f","year":"2012","unstructured":"Opri\u015f D, Pintea S, Garc\u00eda-Palacios A, Botella C, Szamosk\u00f6zi \u015e, David D (2012) Virtual reality exposure therapy in anxiety disorders: a quantitative meta-analysis. Depress Anxiety 29(2):85\u201393. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/da.20910","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"400_CR52","first-page":"628","volume-title":"Handbook of psychophysiology","author":"E Page-Gould","year":"2017","unstructured":"Page-Gould E (2017) Multilevel modeling. In: Cacioppo JT, Tassinary LG, Berntson GG (eds) Handbook of psychophysiology, 4th edn. Cambridge University Press, New York, pp 628\u2013661","edition":"4"},{"issue":"4","key":"400_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e32931","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0032931","volume":"7","author":"X Pan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pan X, Gillies M, Barker C, Clark DM, Slater M (2012) Socially anxious and confident men interact with a forward virtual woman: an experimental study. PLoS ONE 7(4):e32931. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0032931","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"400_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0146837","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0146837","volume":"11","author":"X Pan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pan X, Slater M, Beacco A, Navarro X, Rivas AIB, Swapp D et al (2016) The responses of medical general practitioners to unreasonable patient demand for antibiotics-a study of medical ethics using immersive virtual reality. PLoS ONE 11(2):e0146837. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0146837","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"400_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1162\/105474602317343668","volume":"11","author":"DP Pertaub","year":"2002","unstructured":"Pertaub DP, Slater M, Barker C (2002) An experiment on public speaking anxiety in response to three different types of virtual audience. Presence Teleoper Virtual Environ 11(1):68\u201378. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/105474602317343668","journal-title":"Presence Teleoper Virtual Environ"},{"key":"400_CR56","unstructured":"Pinheiro J, Bates D, DebRoy S, Sarkar D, R Core Team (2018) nlme: linear and nonlinear mixed effects models. R package version 3.1-137. Retrieved from \nhttps:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=nlme"},{"key":"400_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.3389\/fict.2017.00013","volume":"4","author":"S Poeschl","year":"2017","unstructured":"Poeschl S (2017) Virtual reality training for public speaking: a QUEST-VR framework validation. Front ICT 4:13. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fict.2017.00013","journal-title":"Front ICT"},{"key":"400_CR58","first-page":"218","volume-title":"Annual review cybertherapy telemedicine 2012","author":"S Poeschl","year":"2012","unstructured":"Poeschl S, Doering N (2012) Designing virtual audiences for fear of public speaking training\u2013an observation study on realistic nonverbal behavior. In: Wiederhold BK, Riva G (eds) Annual review cybertherapy telemedicine 2012. IOS Press, Washington, pp 218\u2013222"},{"key":"400_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1362168819829021","author":"X Qiu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Qiu X (2019) Functions of oral monologic tasks: effects of topic familiarity on L2 speaking performance. Lang Teach Res. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1362168819829021","journal-title":"Lang Teach Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"400_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1207\/s1532785xmep0602_4","volume":"6","author":"N Ravaja","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ravaja N (2004) Contributions of psychophysiology to media research: review and recommendations. Media Psychol 6(2):193\u2013235. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1207\/s1532785xmep0602_4","journal-title":"Media Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"400_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/s11336-008-9102-z","volume":"74","author":"W Revelle","year":"2009","unstructured":"Revelle W, Zinbarg RE (2009) Coefficients alpha, beta, omega, and the glb: comments on Sijtsma. Psychometrika 74(1):145\u2013154. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11336-008-9102-z","journal-title":"Psychometrika"},{"issue":"1","key":"400_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2006.9993","volume":"10","author":"G Riva","year":"2007","unstructured":"Riva G, Mantovani F, Capideville CS, Preziosa A, Morganti F, Villani D et al (2007) Affective interactions using virtual reality: the link between presence and emotions. Cyberpsychol Behav 10(1):45\u201356. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/cpb.2006.9993","journal-title":"Cyberpsychol Behav"},{"key":"400_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139524780.012","volume-title":"Cognition and second language instruction","author":"P Robinson","year":"2001","unstructured":"Robinson P (2001) Task complexity, cognitive resources, and syllabus design: a triadic framework for examining task influences on SLA. In: Robinson P (ed) Cognition and second language instruction. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 287\u2013318"},{"key":"400_CR64","first-page":"137","volume-title":"The neuropsychology of emotion","author":"KR Scherer","year":"2000","unstructured":"Scherer KR (2000) Psychological models of emotion. In: Borod JC (ed) The neuropsychology of emotion. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 137\u2013162"},{"issue":"4","key":"400_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2017.2657158","volume":"23","author":"R Skarbez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Skarbez R, Neyret S, Brooks FP, Slater M, Whitton MC (2017) A psychophysical experiment regarding components of the plausibility illusion. IEEE Trans Visual Comput Graphics 23(4):1369\u20131378. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TVCG.2017.2657158","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Visual Comput Graphics"},{"issue":"4","key":"400_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1162\/1054746041944849","volume":"13","author":"M Slater","year":"2004","unstructured":"Slater M (2004) How colorful was your day? Why questionnaires cannot assess presence in virtual environments. Presence Teleoperat Virtual Environ 13(4):484\u2013493. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/1054746041944849","journal-title":"Presence Teleoperat Virtual Environ"},{"issue":"1535","key":"400_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3549","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2009.0138","volume":"364","author":"M Slater","year":"2009","unstructured":"Slater M (2009) Place illusion and plausibility can lead to realistic behaviour in immersive virtual environments. Philos Trans R Soc B Biol Sci 364(1535):3549\u20133557. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rstb.2009.0138","journal-title":"Philos Trans R Soc B Biol Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"400_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1162\/pres.16.4.447","volume":"16","author":"M Slater","year":"2007","unstructured":"Slater M, Garau M (2007) The use of questionnaire data in presence studies: do not seriously Likert. Presence Teleoper Virtual Environ 16(4):447\u2013456. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/pres.16.4.447","journal-title":"Presence Teleoper Virtual Environ"},{"key":"400_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.3389\/frobt.2016.00074","volume":"3","author":"M Slater","year":"2016","unstructured":"Slater M, S\u00e1nchez-Vives MV (2016) Enhancing our lives with immersive virtual reality. Front Robot AI 3:74. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/frobt.2016.00074","journal-title":"Front Robot AI"},{"issue":"2","key":"400_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1109\/38.749116","volume":"19","author":"M Slater","year":"1999","unstructured":"Slater M, Pertaub DP, Steed A (1999) Public speaking in virtual reality: facing an audience of avatars. IEEE Comput Graph Appl 19(2):6\u20139. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/38.749116","journal-title":"IEEE Comput Graph Appl"},{"issue":"1","key":"400_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e39","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0000039","volume":"1","author":"M Slater","year":"2006","unstructured":"Slater M, Antley A, Davison A, Swapp D, Guger C, Barker C et al (2006a) A virtual reprise of the Stanley Milgram obedience experiments. PLoS ONE 1(1):e39. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0000039","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"5","key":"400_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2006.9.627","volume":"9","author":"M Slater","year":"2006","unstructured":"Slater M, Pertaub DP, Barker C, Clark DM (2006b) An experimental study on fear of public speaking using a virtual environment. Cyberpsychol Behav 9(5):627\u2013633. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/cpb.2006.9.627","journal-title":"Cyberpsychol Behav"},{"issue":"4","key":"400_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1145\/1778765.1778829","volume":"29","author":"M Slater","year":"2010","unstructured":"Slater M, Spanlang B, Corominas D (2010) Simulating virtual environments within virtual environments as the basis for a psychophysics of presence. ACM Trans Graph\u00a029(4):92. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1778765.1778829","journal-title":"ACM Trans Graph"},{"issue":"3","key":"400_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1518\/hfes.45.3.504.27254","volume":"45","author":"KM Stanney","year":"2003","unstructured":"Stanney KM, Hale KS, Nahmens I, Kennedy RS (2003) What to expect from immersive virtual environment exposure: influences of gender, body mass index, and past experience. Hum Factors 45(3):504\u2013520. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1518\/hfes.45.3.504.27254","journal-title":"Hum Factors"},{"issue":"10","key":"400_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2017.0174","volume":"20","author":"S Stupar-Rutenfrans","year":"2017","unstructured":"Stupar-Rutenfrans S, Ketelaars LE, van Gisbergen MS (2017) Beat the fear of public speaking: mobile 360\u00b0 video virtual reality exposure training in home environment reduces public speaking anxiety. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Network 20(10):624\u2013633. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/cyber.2017.0174","journal-title":"Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Network"},{"issue":"11","key":"400_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2017.0271","volume":"20","author":"SS Sundar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sundar SS, Kang J, Oprean D (2017) Being there in the midst of the story: how immersive journalism affects our perceptions and cognitions. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Network 20(11):672\u2013682. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/cyber.2017.0271","journal-title":"Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Network"},{"key":"400_CR77","unstructured":"Team Audacity (2015) Audacity (Version 2.1.0). Audio Editor and Recorder [Computer software]. \nhttps:\/\/audacityteam.org\/"},{"issue":"11\u201312","key":"400_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1007\/s12243-013-0394-3","volume":"68","author":"M Urvoy","year":"2013","unstructured":"Urvoy M, Barkowsky M, Le Callet P (2013) How visual fatigue and discomfort impact 3D-TV quality of experience: a comprehensive review of technological, psychophysical, and psychological factors. Ann Telecommun 68(11\u201312):641\u2013655. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12243-013-0394-3","journal-title":"Ann Telecommun"},{"key":"400_CR79","volume-title":"Virtual reality therapy for anxiety disorders: advances in evaluation and treatment","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wiederhold BK, Wiederhold MD (eds) (2005) Virtual reality therapy for anxiety disorders: advances in evaluation and treatment. American Psychological Association, Washington"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"400_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0511(01)00091-6","volume":"57","author":"FH Wilhelm","year":"2001","unstructured":"Wilhelm FH, Roth WT (2001) The somatic symptom paradox in DSM-IV anxiety disorders: suggestions for a clinical focus in psychophysiology. Biol Psychol 57(1\u20133):105\u2013140. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0301-0511(01)00091-6","journal-title":"Biol Psychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"400_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1080\/15213260701283079","volume":"9","author":"W Wirth","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wirth W, Hartmann T, B\u00f6cking S, Vorderer P, Klimmt C, Schramm H et al (2007) A process model of the formation of spatial presence experiences. Media Psychol 9(3):493\u2013525. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15213260701283079","journal-title":"Media Psychol"}],"container-title":["Virtual Reality"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10055-019-00400-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10055-019-00400-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10055-019-00400-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,21]],"date-time":"2020-08-21T23:21:50Z","timestamp":1598052110000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10055-019-00400-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,23]]},"references-count":81,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]}},"alternative-id":["400"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10055-019-00400-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1359-4338","1434-9957"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1359-4338","type":"print"},{"value":"1434-9957","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 August 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 August 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 August 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}