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Exposure and response prevention is currently the first-line therapy for OCD. The goal of this validation study was to confirm the potential of the VR house environment that incorporates OCD-specific items that cluster around major symptom dimensions: \u2018contamination\u2019, \u2018symmetry\u2019, \u2018checking\u2019 and \u2018hoarding\u2019 to induce anxiety and compulsive behaviour in patients with OCD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We assessed a sample of OCD patients (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200944) that was compared to a group of healthy controls (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200931). The severity of OCD symptoms was assessed in all subjects. During a single session, participants were asked to approach a set of 10 stimuli (covering four OCD dimensions) and rate their current intensity of distress\/anxiety and compulsive tendencies (scales 0\u20135) provoked by observing each stimulus. Before and after the VR exposure, participants completed questionnaires assessing subjective levels of anxiety (before\/after VR exposure), their sense of presence in VR and experienced simulator sickness.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results show that the OCD group reports elevated levels of distress and compulsive behaviour when confronted with VR exposure stimuli compared to the control group, but no increase in anxiety levels has been observed after the VR exposure. The subjective ratings of provoked distress and compulsive behaviour are not associated with severity of OCD symptoms, perceived sense of presence, association with cybersickness symptoms is weak.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our data suggest that the VR house environment is a suitable tool for VR exposure therapy in OCD patients as it demonstrates OCD symptom provocation relevant for individual patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10055-023-00837-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,29]],"date-time":"2023-07-29T10:01:50Z","timestamp":1690624910000},"page":"2691-2701","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Virtual reality environment for exposure therapy in obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder: a validation study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7399-3029","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iveta","family":"Fajnerov\u00e1","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0900-2144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Francov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kate\u0159ina","family":"Taranzov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6809-9583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbora","family":"Darmov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7925-6345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eli\u0161ka","family":"Kosov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2712-3652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pavla","family":"Stopkov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"837_CR1","volume-title":"Exposure therapy for anxiety: principles and practice","author":"JS Abramowitz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Abramowitz JS, Deacon BJ, Whiteside SP (2019) Exposure therapy for anxiety: principles and practice. 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The authors have no other financial or non-financial competing interests to disclose that are relevant to the content of the article, other than grant project funding listed above.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The presented study was approved by the Ethical committee of National Institute of Mental Health (Klecany). All subjects recruited for the study signed a written informed consent. The subjects did not receive any financial reward for participation in the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}