{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T10:49:04Z","timestamp":1761130144220,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]],"date-time":"2023-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698278400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]],"date-time":"2023-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698278400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Bergen"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Virtual Reality"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>While VR adaptations of the mnemonic Method of Loci (or the \u2018Memory Palace\u2019 technique) show promising results in increasing mnemonic capabilities, little to no research has explored the use and integration of Virtual Memory Palaces over time in a context of self-initiated studying. To explore the use of Virtual Memory Palaces (VMPs) contextually, we conducted an in-the-wild study where we gave ten participants a VR Head-Mounted Display through which they could access and furnish their VMP over eight weeks. We conducted go-along interviews in our participants\u2019 VMPs at various intervals throughout the eight-week study, exploring their creations and querying them about their experience. Based on our findings, this article discusses individual and contextual factors that come into play when a VMP is approached as a personal project in the midst of an already-established study routine. We frame our study as a postphenomenological inquiry into the mediating effects of VMPs, where our primary interest lies in what relationship the students developed to the VMP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10055-023-00868-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,14]],"date-time":"2023-11-14T16:06:22Z","timestamp":1699977982000},"page":"3239-3258","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Constructing hermeneutical relations: a postphenomenological inquiry into immersive VR memory palaces"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3983-3208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joakim","family":"Vindenes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Wasson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"868_CR1","unstructured":"(n.d.) World Memory Championships. URL https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_Memory_Championships"},{"key":"868_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5709\/acp-0156-3","author":"W Bass","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bass W, Oswald K (2014) Proactive control of proactive interference using the method of loci. Adv Cognit Psychol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5709\/acp-0156-3","journal-title":"Adv Cognit Psychol"},{"key":"868_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bierig R, Krueger L (2020) The virtual memory palace as an interactive mnemonic learning platform. In: 2020 12th international conference on quality of multimedia experience, QoMEX 2020, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/QoMEX48832.2020.9123116","DOI":"10.1109\/QoMEX48832.2020.9123116"},{"key":"868_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chamberlain A, Crabtree A, Rodden T, et al (2012) Research in the wild: understanding \u2018in the wild\u2019 approaches to design and development. In: Proceedings of the designing interactive systems conference on - DIS \u201912. ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, p 795, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2317956. 2318078, URL http:\/\/dl.acm.org\/citation.cfm?doid=2317956.2318078","DOI":"10.1145\/2317956"},{"key":"868_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2167702612468111","author":"T Dalgleish","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dalgleish T, Navrady L, Bird E et al (2013) Method-of-loci as a mnemonic device to facilitate access to self-affirming personal memories for individuals with depression. Clin Psychol Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2167702612468111","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Sci"},{"key":"868_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Das S, Lu D, Lee T, et al (2019) The memory palace: exploring visual-spatial paths for strong, memorable, infrequent authentication. In: UIST 2019\u2014Proceedings of the 32nd Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology. Association for Computing Machinery, Inc, pp 1109\u20131121, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3332165.3347917","DOI":"10.1145\/3332165.3347917"},{"key":"868_CR7","first-page":"457","volume":"2","author":"E Fassbender","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fassbender E, Heiden W (2006) Virtual memory palace. J Comput Inf Syst 2:457\u2013464","journal-title":"J Comput Inf Syst"},{"key":"868_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3364998","author":"C Frauenberger","year":"2019","unstructured":"Frauenberger C (2019) Entanglement HCI the next wave? ACM Trans Comput Hum Interact. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3364998","journal-title":"ACM Trans Comput Hum Interact"},{"key":"868_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gerard PF, Leymarie FF, Latham W (2021) The effect of spatial design on user memory performance using the method of loci in VR. In: Proceedings of 2021 7th International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network, iLRN 2021, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23919\/iLRN52045.2021.9459377","DOI":"10.23919\/iLRN52045.2021.9459377"},{"key":"868_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hauser S, Oogjes D, Wakkary R, et al (2018) An annotated portfolio on doing postphenomenology through research products. In: Proceedings of the 2018 designing interactive systems conference. ACM, New York, NY, USA, pp 459\u2013471, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3196709.3196745, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3196709.3196745","DOI":"10.1145\/3196709.3196745 10.1145\/3196709.3196745"},{"key":"868_CR11","unstructured":"Hedman A, Backstr\u00f6m P (2003) Rediscovering the art of memory in computer based learning\u2014an example application. In: E-Learn: world conference on E-learning in corporate, government, healthcare, and higher education, Phoenix, Arizona"},{"key":"868_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hutchinson H, Mackay W, Westerlund B, et al (2003) Technology probes: inspiring design for and with families. In: Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - Proceedings, pp 17\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/642611.642616","DOI":"10.1145\/642611.642616"},{"key":"868_CR13","unstructured":"Huttner JP, Robra-Bissantz S (2017) An immersive memory palace: supporting the method of loci with virtual reality. In: AMCIS 2017\u2014America\u2019s Conference on Information Systems: A Tradition of Innovation"},{"key":"868_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Huttner JP, Robbert K, Robra-Bissantz S (2019) immersive ars memoria: evaluating the usefulness of a virtual memory palace. In: Proceedings of the 52nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24251\/hicss.2019.011","DOI":"10.24251\/hicss.2019.011"},{"key":"868_CR15","volume-title":"Technology and the lifeworld: from garden to earth","author":"D Ihde","year":"1990","unstructured":"Ihde D (1990) Technology and the lifeworld: from garden to earth. Indiana University Press, Bloomington"},{"key":"868_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jund T, Capobianco A, Larue F (2016) Impact of frame of reference on memorization in virtual environments. In: 2016 IEEE 16th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT). IEEE, Austin, TX, USA, pp 533\u2013537, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICALT.2016.77. http:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/7757044\/","DOI":"10.1109\/ICALT.2016.77"},{"issue":"1","key":"868_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10055-018-0346-3","volume":"23","author":"E Krokos","year":"2019","unstructured":"Krokos E, Plaisant C, Varshney A (2019) Virtual memory palaces: immersion aids recall. Virtual Reality 23(1):1\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10055-018-0346-3","journal-title":"Virtual Reality"},{"issue":"3","key":"868_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2012.09.002","volume":"141","author":"EL Legge","year":"2012","unstructured":"Legge EL, Madan CR, Ng ET et al (2012) Building a memory palace in minutes: equivalent memory performance using virtual versus conventional environments with the Method of Loci. Acta Psychol 141(3):380\u2013390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actpsy.2012.09.002","journal-title":"Acta Psychol"},{"key":"868_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liu AC, Lee BHJ, Kopper R (2019) Towards a virtual memory palace. In: 26th IEEE conference on virtual reality and 3D user interfaces, VR 2019 \u2013 Proceedings. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/VR.2019.8797836","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.2019.8797836"},{"key":"868_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn988","author":"EA Maguire","year":"2003","unstructured":"Maguire EA, Valentine ER, Wilding JM et al (2003) Routes to remembering: the brains behind superior memory. Nat Neurosci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nn988","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"868_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mann J, Polys N, Diana R, et al (2017) Virginia tech\u2019s study hall: a virtual method of loci mnemotechnic study using a neurologically-based, mechanism-driven, approach to immersive learning research. In: 2017 IEEE Virtual Reality (VR). IEEE, Los Angeles, CA, USA, pp 383\u2013384, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/VR.2017.7892337, http:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/7892337\/","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.2017.7892337"},{"key":"868_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nyberg L, Sandblom J, Jones S, et al (2003) Neural correlates of training- related memory improvement in adulthood and aging. In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1735487100","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1735487100"},{"key":"868_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.concog.2019.102834","author":"A Peeters","year":"2019","unstructured":"Peeters A, Segundo-Ortin M (2019) Misplacing memories? An enactive approach to the virtual memory palace. Conscious Cognit. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.concog.2019.102834","journal-title":"Conscious Cognit"},{"key":"868_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/tps0000023","author":"AL Putnam","year":"2015","unstructured":"Putnam AL (2015) Mnemonics in education: current research and applications. Transla Issues Psychol Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/tps0000023","journal-title":"Transla Issues Psychol Sci"},{"key":"868_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.06.859","author":"VK Ranpariya","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ranpariya VK, Huang WW, Feldman SR (2022) Virtual reality memory palace: an innovative dermatology education modality. J Am Acad Dermatol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.06.859","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"868_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13554790902776896","author":"A Raz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Raz A, Packard MG, Alexander GM et al (2009) A slice of \u03c0: An exploratory neuroimaging study of digit encoding and retrieval in a superior memorist. Neurocase. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13554790902776896","journal-title":"Neurocase"},{"key":"868_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s41465-019-00141-8","author":"N Reggente","year":"2020","unstructured":"Reggente N, Essoe JKY, Baek HY et al (2020) The method of loci in virtual reality: explicit binding of objects to spatial contexts enhances subsequent memory recall. J Cognit Enhanc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s41465-019-00141-8","journal-title":"J Cognit Enhanc"},{"key":"868_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00146-009-0190-9","author":"R Rosenberger","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rosenberger R (2009) The sudden experience of the computer. AI Soc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00146-009-0190-9","journal-title":"AI Soc"},{"key":"868_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbaa216","author":"P Sandberg","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sandberg P, Boraxbekk CJ, Zogaj I et al (2021) Ancient mnemonic in new format - episodic memory training with the method of loci in a smart phone application. J Gerontol Ser B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/geronb\/gbaa216","journal-title":"J Gerontol Ser B Psychol Sci Soc Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"868_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1080\/09658211.2021.1962356","volume":"29","author":"JN Schooler","year":"2021","unstructured":"Schooler JN, Storm BC (2021) Saved information is remembered less well than deleted information, if the saving process is perceived as reliable. Memory 29(9):1101\u20131110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09658211.2021.1962356","journal-title":"Memory"},{"key":"868_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1207745","author":"B Sparrow","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sparrow B, Liu J, Wegner DM (2011) Google effects on memory: cognitive consequences of having information at our fingertips. Science. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1207745","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"868_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9780271033228","volume-title":"What things do (Philosophical Reflections on Technology, Agency, and Design)","author":"PP Verbeek","year":"2005","unstructured":"Verbeek PP (2005) What things do (Philosophical Reflections on Technology, Agency, and Design), 1st edn. Penn State University Press, Pennsylvania","edition":"1"},{"issue":"3","key":"868_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1007\/s11097-008-9099-x","volume":"7","author":"PP Verbeek","year":"2008","unstructured":"Verbeek PP (2008) Cyborg intentionality: Rethinking the phenomenology of human\u2013technology relations. Phenomenol Cognit Sci 7(3):387\u2013395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11097-008-9099-x","journal-title":"Phenomenol Cognit Sci"},{"key":"868_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vetter A, Gotz D, Von Mammen S (2020) The art of loci: immerse to memorize. In: IEEE Conference on Computatonal Intelligence and Games, CIG, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/CoG47356.2020.9231610","DOI":"10.1109\/CoG47356.2020.9231610"},{"key":"868_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/frvir.2021.656423","author":"J Vindenes","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vindenes J, Wasson B (2021) A Postphenomenological framework for studying user experience of immersive virtual reality. Front Virtual Reality. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/frvir.2021.656423","journal-title":"Front Virtual Reality"},{"key":"868_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vindenes J, Wasson B (2021b) Show, don\u2019t tell: using go-along interviews in immersive virtual reality. In: DIS 2021 - Proceedings of the 2021 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference: Nowhere and Everywhere, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3461778.3462014","DOI":"10.1145\/3461778.3462014"},{"key":"868_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vindenes J, de Gortari AO, Wasson B (2018) Mnemosyne: adapting the method of loci to immersive virtual reality, vol 10850 LNCS. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-95270-3_16","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-95270-3_16"},{"key":"868_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wakkary R, Oogjes D, Lin HWJ, et al (2018) Philosophers living with the tilting bowl. In: Proceedings of the 2018 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems. ACM, New York, NY, USA, pp 1\u201312, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3173574.3173668, URL https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3173574.3173668","DOI":"10.1145\/3173574.3173668"},{"key":"868_CR39","volume-title":"Postphenomenology and media: essays on human\u2013media\u2013world relations","author":"G Wellner","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wellner G (2017) I-media-world: the algorithmic shift from hermeneutic relations to writing relations. In: Van den Eede Y, Irwin S, Wellner G (eds) Postphenomenology and media: essays on human\u2013media\u2013world relations. Lexington Books, Lanham"},{"key":"868_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tvcg.2020.3009003","author":"F Yang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yang F, Qian J, Novotny J et al (2020) A virtual reality memory palace variant aids knowledge retrieval from scholarly articles. IEEE Trans Actions Vis Comput Gr. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tvcg.2020.3009003","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Actions Vis Comput Gr"},{"key":"868_CR41","volume-title":"The art of memory","author":"F Yates","year":"1966","unstructured":"Yates F (1966) The art of memory. The Bodley Head, London"}],"container-title":["Virtual Reality"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10055-023-00868-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10055-023-00868-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10055-023-00868-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]],"date-time":"2023-11-29T10:19:49Z","timestamp":1701253189000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10055-023-00868-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["868"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10055-023-00868-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1359-4338","1434-9957"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1359-4338"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1434-9957"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 December 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 October 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 October 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial, financial or non-financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The datasets generated during and\/or analysed during the current study are not publicly available. We do not have the right to share the audiovisual recording of the interviews, nor the transcripts, as this has the potential to breach participant anonymity. Entirely anonymized versions of the transcribed material can be made available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Data availability"}}]}}