{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T15:55:25Z","timestamp":1757778925269,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]],"date-time":"2024-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715731200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]],"date-time":"2024-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715731200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010583","name":"Universit\u00e4t Konstanz","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Transferplattform","Transferplattform"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Transferplattform","Transferplattform"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010583","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EFRE-Programm Baden-W \u0308urttemberg 2021-2027, ID 2519389"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EFRE-Programm Baden-W \u0308urttemberg 2021-2027, ID 2519389"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010583","name":"Universit\u00e4t Konstanz","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010583","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Virtual Reality"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Falls are a major health concern. Existing augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality solutions for fall prevention aim to improve balance in dedicated training sessions. We propose a novel AR prototype as an assistive wearable device to improve balance and prevent falls in daily life. We use a custom head-mounted display toolkit to present augmented visual orientation cues in the peripheral field of view. The cues provide a continuous space-stationary visual reference frame for balance control using the user\u2019s tracked head position. In a proof of concept study, users performed a series of balance trials to test the effect of the displayed visual cues on body sway. Our results showed that body sway can be reduced with our device, indicating improved balance. We also showed that superimposed movements of the visual reference in forward-backward or sideways directions induce respective sway responses. This indicates a direction-specific balance integration of the displayed cues. Based on our findings, we conclude that artificially generated visual orientation cues using AR can improve balance and could possibly reduce fall risk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10055-024-01006-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]],"date-time":"2024-05-15T18:01:57Z","timestamp":1715796117000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Improving balance using augmented visual orientation cues: a proof of concept"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Matthias","family":"Albrecht","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Streuber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lorenz","family":"Assl\u00e4nder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"1006_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2471","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glaa097","volume":"75","author":"Y Agrawal","year":"2020","unstructured":"Agrawal Y, Merfeld DM, Horak FB et al (2020) Aging, vestibular function, and balance: proceedings of a national institute on aging\/national institute on deafness and other communication disorders workshop. J Gerontol Ser A 75(12):2471\u20132480. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/gerona\/glaa097","journal-title":"J Gerontol Ser A"},{"key":"1006_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Albrecht M, Assl\u00e4nder L, Reiterer H, et al. (2023) MoPeDT: A modular head-mounted display toolkit to conduct peripheral vision research. In: 2023 IEEE conference virtual reality and 3D user interfaces (VR), pp 691\u2013701. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/VR55154.2023.00084","DOI":"10.1109\/VR55154.2023.00084"},{"issue":"3","key":"1006_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1002\/wcs.1167","volume":"3","author":"GJ Andersen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Andersen GJ (2012) Aging and vision: changes in function and performance from optics to perception. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Cognit Sci 3(3):403\u2013410. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/wcs.1167","journal-title":"Wiley Interdiscip Rev Cognit Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"1006_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01145.2015","volume":"116","author":"L Assl\u00e4nder","year":"2016","unstructured":"Assl\u00e4nder L, Peterka RJ (2016) Sensory reweighting dynamics following removal and addition of visual and proprioceptive cues. J Neurophysiol 116(2):272\u2013285. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jn.01145.2015","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"1006_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0241479","volume":"15","author":"L Assl\u00e4nder","year":"2020","unstructured":"Assl\u00e4nder L, Streuber S (2020) Virtual reality as a tool for balance research: eyes open body sway is reproduced in photo-realistic, but not in abstract virtual scenes. PLoS One 15(10):e0241479. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0241479","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"1006_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2594","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-29713-7","volume":"13","author":"L Assl\u00e4nder","year":"2023","unstructured":"Assl\u00e4nder L, Albrecht M, Diehl M et al (2023) Estimation of the visual contribution to standing balance using virtual reality. Sci Rep 13(1):2594. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-023-29713-7","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"20","key":"1006_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.281053","volume":"310","author":"WM Association","year":"2013","unstructured":"Association WM (2013) World medical association declaration of helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. JAMA 310(20):2191\u20132194. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2013.281053","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1006_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205520762211320","DOI":"10.1177\/20552076221132099","volume":"8","author":"RS Baragash","year":"2022","unstructured":"Baragash RS, Aldowah H, Ghazal S (2022) Virtual and augmented reality applications to improve older adults\u2019 quality of life: a systematic mapping review and future directions. Digital Health 8:20552076221132100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/20552076221132099","journal-title":"Digital Health"},{"key":"1006_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018713516431","volume":"10","author":"Y Baram","year":"1999","unstructured":"Baram Y (1999) Walking on tiles. Neural Process Lett 10:81\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/A:1018713516431","journal-title":"Neural Process Lett"},{"issue":"2","key":"1006_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000194255.82542.6b","volume":"66","author":"Y Baram","year":"2006","unstructured":"Baram Y, Miller A (2006) Virtual reality cues for improvement of gait in patients with multiple sclerosis. Neurology 66(2):178\u2013181. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/01.wnl.0000194255.82542.6b","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"1006_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00237163","volume":"21","author":"A Cowey","year":"1974","unstructured":"Cowey A, Rolls E (1974) Human cortical magnification factor and its relation to visual acuity. Exp Brain Res 21:447\u2013454. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00237163","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"1006_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.12827","volume":"41","author":"MK Dev","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dev MK, Wood JM, Black AA (2021) The effect of low light levels on postural stability in older adults with age-related macular degeneration. Ophthal Physiol Opt 41(4):853\u2013863. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/opo.12827","journal-title":"Ophthal Physiol Opt"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"1006_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-9457(92)90060-O","volume":"11","author":"T Dijkstra","year":"1992","unstructured":"Dijkstra T, Gielen C, Melis B (1992) Postural responses to stationary and moving scenes as a function of distance to the scene. Human Movement Sci 11(1\u20132):195\u2013203. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0167-9457(92)90060-O","journal-title":"Human Movement Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"1006_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00067.2019","volume":"122","author":"M Henry","year":"2019","unstructured":"Henry M, Baudry S (2019) Age-related changes in leg proprioception: implications for postural control. J Neurophysiol 122(2):525\u2013538. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jn.00067.2019","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1006_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.3233\/BMR-169765","volume":"31","author":"J Ji","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ji J, Guo S, Song T et al (2018) Design and analysis of a novel fall prevention device for lower limbs rehabilitation robot. J Back Musculoskeletal Rehabil 31(1):169\u2013176. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/BMR-169765","journal-title":"J Back Musculoskeletal Rehabil"},{"issue":"3","key":"1006_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327108ijap0303_3","volume":"3","author":"RS Kennedy","year":"1993","unstructured":"Kennedy RS, Lane NE, Berbaum KS et al (1993) Simulator sickness questionnaire: an enhanced method for quantifying simulator sickness. Int J Aviat Psychol 3(3):203\u2013220. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1207\/s15327108ijap0303_3","journal-title":"Int J Aviat Psychol"},{"key":"1006_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kouris I, Sarafidis M, Androutsou T, et\u00a0al. (2018) Holobalance: An augmented reality virtual trainer solution forbalance training and fall prevention. In: 2018 40th Annual international conference of the IEEE engineering in medicine and biology society (EMBC), pp 4233\u20134236.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/EMBC.2018.8513357","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2018.8513357"},{"key":"1006_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Luyten K, Degraen D, Rovelo\u00a0Ruiz G, et\u00a0al. (2016) Hidden in plain sight: An exploration of a visual language for near-eye out-of-focus displays in the peripheral view. In: Proceedings of the 2016 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, CHI \u201916, pp 487\u2013497. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2858036.2858339","DOI":"10.1145\/2858036.2858339"},{"issue":"1","key":"1006_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00221.2004","volume":"93","author":"C Maurer","year":"2005","unstructured":"Maurer C, Peterka RJ (2005) A new interpretation of spontaneous sway measures based on a simple model of human postural control. J Neurophysiol 93(1):189\u2013200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jn.00221.2004","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"1006_CR20","unstructured":"Meeks RK, Anderson J, Bell PM (2023) Physiology of spatial orientation. StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island (FL). http:\/\/europepmc.org\/books\/NBK518976"},{"key":"1006_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mostajeran F, Steinicke F, Ariza\u00a0Nunez OJ, et\u00a0al. (2020) Augmented reality for older adults: exploring acceptability of virtual coaches for home-based balance training in an aging population. In: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, CHI \u201920, pp 1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3313831.3376565","DOI":"10.1145\/3313831.3376565"},{"issue":"2","key":"1006_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/27972","volume":"4","author":"A Nishchyk","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nishchyk A, Chen W, Pripp AH et al (2021) The effect of mixed reality technologies for falls prevention among older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis. JMIR Aging 4(2):e27972. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/27972","journal-title":"JMIR Aging"},{"issue":"1","key":"1006_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000001554","volume":"100","author":"M Oh-Park","year":"2021","unstructured":"Oh-Park M, Doan T, Dohle C et al (2021) Technology utilization in fall prevention. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 100(1):92\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PHM.0000000000001554","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"1006_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.252","volume":"4","author":"MY Osoba","year":"2019","unstructured":"Osoba MY, Rao AK, Agrawal SK et al (2019) Balance and gait in the elderly: a contemporary review. Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngol 4(1):143\u2013153. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lio2.252","journal-title":"Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1006_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/107.4.1143","volume":"107","author":"W Paulus","year":"1984","unstructured":"Paulus W, Straube A, Brandt T (1984) Visual stabilization of posture: physiological stimulus characteristics and clinical aspects. Brain 107(4):1143\u20131163. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/107.4.1143","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"3","key":"1006_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2002.88.3.1097","volume":"88","author":"RJ Peterka","year":"2002","unstructured":"Peterka RJ (2002) Sensorimotor integration in human postural control. J Neurophysiol 88(3):1097\u20131118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jn.2002.88.3.1097","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"1006_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2017.02.004","volume":"53","author":"I Schut","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schut I, Engelhart D, Pasma J et al (2017) Compliant support surfaces affect sensory reweighting during balance control. Gait Posture 53:241\u2013247. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2017.02.004","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"5","key":"1006_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-1523.11.5.554","volume":"11","author":"TA Stoffregen","year":"1985","unstructured":"Stoffregen TA (1985) Flow structure versus retinal location in the optical control of stance. J Exp Psychol Human Percept Perform 11(5):554. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0096-1523.11.5.554","journal-title":"J Exp Psychol Human Percept Perform"},{"key":"1006_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03203004","volume":"39","author":"TA Stoffregen","year":"1986","unstructured":"Stoffregen TA (1986) The role of optical velocity in the control of stance. Percept Psychophys 39:355\u2013360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/BF03203004","journal-title":"Percept Psychophys"},{"issue":"5","key":"1006_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1167\/11.5.13","volume":"11","author":"H Strasburger","year":"2011","unstructured":"Strasburger H, Rentschler I, J\u00fcttner M (2011) Peripheral vision and pattern recognition: a review. J Vis 11(5):13\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/11.5.13","journal-title":"J Vis"},{"key":"1006_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00228986","volume":"99","author":"A Straube","year":"1994","unstructured":"Straube A, Krafczyk S, Paulus W et al (1994) Dependence of visual stabilization of postural sway on the cortical magnification factor of restricted visual fields. Exp Brain Res 99:501\u2013506","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"1006_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9802","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ifacol.2017.08.887","volume":"50","author":"M Trkov","year":"2017","unstructured":"Trkov M, Wu S, Chen K et al (2017) Design of a robotic knee assistive device (rokad) for slip-induced fall prevention during walking. IFAC PapersOnLine 50(1):9802\u20139807. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ifacol.2017.08.887","journal-title":"IFAC PapersOnLine"},{"key":"1006_CR33","unstructured":"United Nations (2021) Factsheet: falls. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/falls"},{"key":"1006_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang Z, Ramamoorthy V, Gal U, et\u00a0al. (2020) Possible life saver: a review on human fall detection technology. Robotics 9(3). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/robotics9030055","DOI":"10.3390\/robotics9030055"},{"key":"1006_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-022-01983-5","author":"M Warburton","year":"2022","unstructured":"Warburton M, Mon-Williams M, Mushtaq F et al (2022) Measuring motion-to-photon latency for sensorimotor experiments with virtual reality systems. Behav Res Methods. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/s13428-022-01983-5","journal-title":"Behav Res Methods"},{"issue":"1","key":"1006_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1109\/79.647043","volume":"15","author":"A Zoubir","year":"1998","unstructured":"Zoubir A, Boashash B (1998) The bootstrap and its application in signal processing. IEEE Signal Process Mag 15(1):56\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/79.647043","journal-title":"IEEE Signal Process Mag"}],"container-title":["Virtual Reality"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10055-024-01006-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10055-024-01006-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10055-024-01006-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]],"date-time":"2024-06-27T19:40:29Z","timestamp":1719517229000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10055-024-01006-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["1006"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10055-024-01006-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1434-9957"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1434-9957"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 August 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 April 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 May 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have filed a patent for the idea that was tested in this publication (U.S. Patent Application No. 17\/864,946.) and otherwise no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The study was conducted in agreement with the IRB regulations by the ethics committee of the University of Konstanz, Germany, and the latest version of the Declaration of Helsinki (Association ).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"All participants were informed about the study and consented to participate.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"All participants gave consent that their anonymized data recorded during the study may be used for publications.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The code that was used to conduct and analyze the current study is available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Code availability"}}],"article-number":"109"}}