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We propose co-located Multi-User Mixed Reality (MU-MR) for ET, enabling therapists and patients to share virtual environments while physically co-located, preserving natural interpersonal cues through selective video-passthrough without requiring avatars. The system enables flexible transitions between Mixed Reality (MR), where virtual stimuli are coherently embedded in the real world, and fully virtual environments. Through a provider-first development approach, we conducted two studies with practicing psychotherapists. Study 1 (\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:tex-math>$$n=45$$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    ) demonstrated Single-User Virtual Reality (SU-VR) and MU-MR experiences, identifying five priority features for MU-MR: shared exposure scenarios, collaborative scenario design, precise stimulus control, biofeedback integration, and gaze\/attention visualization. Study 2 evaluated these implemented features in a hands-on workshop (\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:tex-math>$$n=10$$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    ). Participants rated all features as useful, attractive, and relevant, with collaborative design and stimulus control receiving highest relevance ratings. While practical implementation barriers remain, findings suggest co-located MU-MR particularly addresses the perceived barrier between therapist and patient present in current SU-VR systems. By combining the interpersonal authenticity of\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    exposure with the control and flexibility of virtual interventions, co-located MU-MR offers a promising extension of contemporary SU-VR, and a path toward improving VRET adoption in clinical practice.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10055-025-01279-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T05:09:16Z","timestamp":1774415356000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Towards co-located multi-user mixed reality exposure therapy for anxiety disorders"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Florian","family":"Schier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Badeja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"Hoyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"McGinity","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"1279_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/frvir.2023.952741","volume":"4","author":"B Arnfred","year":"2023","unstructured":"Arnfred B, Svendsen JK, Adjourlu A, Horth\u00f8j C (2023) Scoping review of the hardware and software features of virtual reality exposure therapy for social anxiety disorder, agoraphobia, and specific phobia. 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