{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T13:32:08Z","timestamp":1767706328595,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,21]],"date-time":"2019-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569024000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,21]],"date-time":"2019-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569024000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010198","name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de Espa\u00f1a","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MTM2015-65803-R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MTM2015-65803-R"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010198","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012818","name":"Comunidad de Madrid","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["S2013\/ICE-2845 (CASI-CAM)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S2013\/ICE-2845 (CASI-CAM)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002911","name":"Universidad Complutense de Madrid","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CT27\/16-CT28\/16"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CT27\/16-CT28\/16"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002911","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"MSCA-RISE - Marie Sklodowska-Curie Research and Innovation Staff Exchange","award":["H2020-MSCA-RISE-2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H2020-MSCA-RISE-2015"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cent Eur J Oper Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>One of the UN Sustainable Development Goals is the supply of sustainable energy even where no electrical grid is available. The photovoltaic rural electrification programs are the most common systems implemented in remote areas, especially in developing countries. These programs include the systems installation and their maintenance for a given period. Installation costs and even spare parts costs over time are usually well estimated. However, design and cost estimation of the maintenance systems is a difficult task, whose wrong management has often resulted in the failure of these electrification programs. In this work, a methodology for designing maintenance systems and estimating costs is presented. The methodology includes a mixed integer linear programming model and a rule based expert system. The mathematical programming model allows obtaining the optimal size and accurate cost estimation of a maintenance system, based on precise information about the installed systems. This model is calibrated and validated with real running programs and will be used to get an enlarged data set of simulated cases if needed. The rule based expert system is obtained from the data set applying classification and regression methods with general information about the region and program to be run. It can be used for designing programs or for companies making decisions about being involved in a program to be developed. The methodology has been applied to real Morocco programs.\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10100-019-00649-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,21]],"date-time":"2019-09-21T15:02:31Z","timestamp":1569078151000},"page":"1265-1290","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["A methodology for designing electrification programs for remote areas"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1967-908X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Le\u00f3n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7584-4062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F. Javier","family":"Mart\u00edn-Campo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5568-9496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. Teresa","family":"Ortu\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3356-6049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bego\u00f1a","family":"Vitoriano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8196-8096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis Miguel","family":"Carrasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6289-7605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Narvarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"649_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egypro.2014.07.309","volume":"54","author":"RR Borah","year":"2014","unstructured":"Borah RR, Palit D, Mahapatra S (2014) Comparative analysis of solar photovoltaic lighting systems in India. Energy Proc 54:680\u2013689","journal-title":"Energy Proc"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cabraal A, Cosgrove-Davies M, Schaeffer L (1996) Best practices for photovoltaic household electrification programs: lessons from experiences in selected countries. In: Technical report, World Bank technical paper","key":"649_CR2","DOI":"10.1596\/0-8213-3728-9"},{"issue":"Part 1","key":"649_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.energy.2016.10.073","volume":"117","author":"L Carrasco","year":"2016","unstructured":"Carrasco L, Mart\u00edn-Campo F, Narvarte L, Ortu\u00f1o M, Vitoriano B (2016) Design of maintenance structures for rural electrification with solar home systems. The case of the Moroccan program. Energy 117(Part 1):47\u201357","journal-title":"Energy"},{"key":"649_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2012.11.073","volume":"20","author":"L Carrasco","year":"2013","unstructured":"Carrasco L, Narvarte L, Lorenzo E (2013) Operational costs of A 13,000 solar home systems rural electrification programme. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 20:1\u20137","journal-title":"Renew Sustain Energy Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"649_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1002\/pip.2218","volume":"21","author":"L Carrasco","year":"2013","unstructured":"Carrasco L, Narvarte L, Peral A, V\u00e1zquez M (2013) Reliability of a 13 000-SHS photovoltaic rural electrification programme. Prog Photovolt Res Appl 21(5):1136\u20131145","journal-title":"Prog Photovolt Res Appl"},{"issue":"8","key":"649_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2010.04.005","volume":"14","author":"A Chaurey","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chaurey A, Kandpal TC (2010) Assessment and evaluation of PV based decentralized rural electrification: an overview. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 14(8):2266\u20132278","journal-title":"Renew Sustain Energy Rev"},{"unstructured":"Division for Sustainable Development, U. N. (2015) Sustainable development goals. \nhttps:\/\/sustainabledevelopment.un.org\/topics\/sustainabledevelopmentgoals","key":"649_CR7"},{"key":"649_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10479-019-03195-1","author":"B Domenech","year":"2019","unstructured":"Domenech B, Ferrer-Mart\u00ed L, Pastor R (2019) Multicriteria analysis of renewable-based electrification projects in developing countries. Ann Oper Res. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10479-019-03195-1","journal-title":"Ann Oper Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"649_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2003.11.019","volume":"29","author":"A Elleg\u00e5rd","year":"2004","unstructured":"Elleg\u00e5rd A, Arvidson A, Nordstr\u00f6m M, Kalumiana OS, Mwanza C (2004) Rural people pay for solar: experiences from the Zambia PV-ESCO project. Renew Energy 29(8):1251\u20131263","journal-title":"Renew Energy"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1007\/s10479-015-1836-2","volume":"245","author":"A Garcia-Bernabeu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Garcia-Bernabeu A, Benito A, Bravo M, Pla-Santamaria D (2016) Photovoltaic power plants: a multicriteria approach to investment decisions and a case study in western Spain. Ann Oper Res 245(1):163\u2013175","journal-title":"Ann Oper Res"},{"key":"649_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enpol.2019.02.004","volume":"129","author":"D G\u00f3mez-Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2019","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez-Hern\u00e1ndez D, Domenech B, Moreira J, Farrera N, L\u00f3pez-Gonz\u00e1lez A, Ferrer-Mart\u00ed L (2019) Comparative evaluation of rural electrification project plans: a case study in Mexico. Energy Policy 129:23\u201333","journal-title":"Energy Policy"},{"key":"649_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.solener.2019.06.017","volume":"188","author":"L Hern\u00e1ndez-Callejo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Callejo L, Gallardo-Saavedra S, Alonso-G\u00f3mez V (2019) A review of photovoltaic systems: design, operation and maintenance. Sol Energy 188:426\u2013440","journal-title":"Sol Energy"},{"unstructured":"International Finance Corporation (2012) Lighting Asia: solar off-grid lighting, market analysis of: India. Nepal, Pakistan, Indonesia, Cambodia and Philippines, Technical report, Bangladesh","key":"649_CR13"},{"issue":"6","key":"649_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2016","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enpol.2008.01.041","volume":"36","author":"M Kanagawa","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kanagawa M, Nakata T (2008) Assessment of access to electricity and the socio-economic impacts in rural areas of developing countries. Energy Policy 36(6):2016\u20132029","journal-title":"Energy Policy"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esd.2009.01.001","volume":"13","author":"X Lemaire","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lemaire X (2009) Fee-for-service companies for rural electrification with photovoltaic systems: the case of Zambia. Energy Sustain Dev 13(1):18\u201323","journal-title":"Energy Sustain Dev"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esd.2011.07.005","volume":"15","author":"X Lemaire","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lemaire X (2011) Off-grid electrification with solar home systems: the experience of a fee-for-service concession in South Africa. Energy Sustain Dev 15(3):277\u2013283","journal-title":"Energy Sustain Dev"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sharif I, Mithila M (2013) Rural electrification using PV: the success story of Bangladesh. In: Energy procedia, vol 33. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 343\u2013354","key":"649_CR17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egypro.2013.05.075"},{"issue":"3","key":"649_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enpol.2006.04.001","volume":"35","author":"F van der Vleuten","year":"2007","unstructured":"van der Vleuten F, Stam N, van der Plas R (2007) Putting solar home system programmes into perspective: what lessons are relevant? Energy Policy 35(3):1439\u20131451","journal-title":"Energy Policy"},{"issue":"1","key":"649_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enpol.2005.08.019","volume":"35","author":"N Wamukonya","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wamukonya N (2007) Solar home system electrification as a viable technology option for Africa\u2019s development. Energy Policy 35(1):6\u201314","journal-title":"Energy Policy"}],"container-title":["Central European Journal of Operations Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10100-019-00649-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10100-019-00649-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10100-019-00649-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,13]],"date-time":"2020-10-13T12:21:28Z","timestamp":1602591688000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10100-019-00649-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,21]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["649"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10100-019-00649-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1435-246X","1613-9178"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1435-246X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1613-9178"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 September 2019","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}