{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T01:26:44Z","timestamp":1780968404657,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]],"date-time":"2023-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]],"date-time":"2023-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008982","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BCS 2043202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BCS 2043202"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008982","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Geogr Syst"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Time geography is widely used by geographers as a model for understanding accessibility. Recent changes in how access is created, an increasing awareness of the need to better understand individual variability in access, and growing availability of detailed spatial and mobility data have created an opportunity to build more flexible time geography models. Our goal is to outline a research agenda for a modern time geography that allows new modes of access and a variety of data to flexibly represent the complexity of the relationship between time and access. A modern time geography is more able to nuance individual experience and creates a pathway for monitoring progress toward inclusion. We lean on the original work by H\u00e4gerstrand and the field of movement GIScience to develop both a framework and research roadmap that, if addressed, can enhance the flexibility of time geography to help ensure time geography will continue as a cornerstone of accessibility research. The proposed framework emphasizes the individual and differentiates access based on how individuals experience <jats:italic>internal<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>external<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>structural<\/jats:italic> factors. To enhance nuanced representation of inclusion and exclusion, we propose research needs, focusing efforts on implementing flexible space\u2013time constraints, inclusion of definitive variables, addressing mechanisms for representing and including relative variables, and addressing the need to link between individual and population scales of analysis. The accelerated digitalization of society, including availability of new forms of digital spatial data, combined with a focus on understanding how access varies across race, income, sexual identity, and physical limitations requires new consideration for how we include constraints in our studies of access. It is an exciting era for time geography and there are massive opportunities for all geographers to consider how to incorporate new realities and research priorities into time geography models, which have had a long tradition of supporting theory and implementation of accessibility research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10109-023-00404-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]],"date-time":"2023-02-16T17:02:48Z","timestamp":1676566968000},"page":"357-375","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["A framework for modern time geography: emphasizing diverse constraints on accessibility"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0335-3576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Somayeh","family":"Dodge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trisalyn A.","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"404_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.1080\/13549839.2021.1978412","volume":"26","author":"J Agyeman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Agyeman J, Doran A (2021) You want protected bike lanes, I want protected Black children. Let\u2019s link\u201d: equity, justice, and the barriers to active transportation in North America. Local Environ 26(12):1480\u20131497","journal-title":"Local Environ"},{"issue":"5","key":"404_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1080\/13658816.2016.1224887","volume":"31","author":"SC Ahearn","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ahearn SC, Dodge S, Simcharoen A, Xavier G, Smith JLD (2017) A context-sensitive correlated random walk: a new simulation model for movement. Int J Geogr Inf Sci 31(5):867\u2013883. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13658816.2016.1224887","journal-title":"Int J Geogr Inf Sci"},{"key":"404_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bateman IJ, Lovett IA, Brainard JS (2003) Applied environmental economics. Cambridge University Press. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/CBO9780511493461","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511493461"},{"issue":"1","key":"404_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/S40462-021-00268-4","volume":"9","author":"F Benitez-Paez","year":"2021","unstructured":"Benitez-Paez F, Brum-Bastos V, Beggan CD, Long JA, Dem\u0161ar U (2021) Fusion of wildlife tracking and satellite geomagnetic data for the study of animal migration. Mov Ecol 9(1):1\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/S40462-021-00268-4","journal-title":"Mov Ecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"404_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3141\/2662-01","volume":"2662","author":"M Branion-Calles","year":"2017","unstructured":"Branion-Calles M, Nelson T, Winters M (2017) Comparing crowdsourced near-miss and collision cycling data and official bike safety reporting. Transp Res Rec 2662(1):1\u201311","journal-title":"Transp Res Rec"},{"key":"404_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/01441647.2022.2064527","volume":"42","author":"A Brown","year":"2022","unstructured":"Brown A (2022) From aspiration to operation: ensuring equity in transportation. Transp Rev 42:1\u20136","journal-title":"Transp Rev"},{"issue":"January","key":"404_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compenvurbsys.2018.05.004","volume":"71","author":"VS Brum-bastos","year":"2018","unstructured":"Brum-bastos VS, Long JA, Demsar U (2018) Weather effects on human mobility\u202f: a study using multi-channel sequence analysis. Comput Environ Urban Syst 71(January):131\u2013152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compenvurbsys.2018.05.004","journal-title":"Comput Environ Urban Syst"},{"key":"404_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13658816.2021.1962528","author":"V Brum-Bastos","year":"2021","unstructured":"Brum-Bastos V, \u0141o\u015b M, Long JA, Nelson T, Dem\u0161ar U (2021) Context-aware movement analysis in ecology: a systematic review. Comput Environ Urban Syst. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13658816.2021.1962528","journal-title":"Comput Environ Urban Syst"},{"issue":"7","key":"404_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1556","DOI":"10.1068\/a4151","volume":"41","author":"H Couclelis","year":"2009","unstructured":"Couclelis H (2009) Rethinking time geography in the information age. Environ Plan A Econ Space 41(7):1556\u20131575. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1068\/a4151","journal-title":"Environ Plan A Econ Space"},{"key":"404_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-04027-0_2","author":"H Couclelis","year":"2000","unstructured":"Couclelis H, Getis A (2000) Conceptualizing and measuring accessibility within physical and virtual spaces. Inf Place Cyberspace Issues Access. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-662-04027-0_2","journal-title":"Inf Place Cyberspace Issues Access"},{"issue":"1","key":"404_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1111\/gean.12212","volume":"53","author":"S Dodge","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dodge S (2021) A data science framework for movement. Geogr Anal 53(1):92\u2013112. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/gean.12212","journal-title":"Geogr Anal"},{"key":"404_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101630","DOI":"10.1016\/J.COMPENVURBSYS.2021.101630","volume":"88","author":"S Dodge","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dodge S, Su R, Johnson J, Simcharoen A, Goulias K, Smith J, Ahearn S (2021) ORTEGA: an object-oriented time-geographic analytical approach to trace space-time contact patterns in movement data. Comput Environ Urban Syst 88:101630. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.COMPENVURBSYS.2021.101630","journal-title":"Comput Environ Urban Syst"},{"issue":"3","key":"404_CR900","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1080\/00045608.2012.689238","volume":"103","author":"S Farber","year":"2013","unstructured":"Farber S, Neutens T, Miller HJ, Li X (2013) The social interaction potential of metropolitan regions: a time-geographic measurement approach using joint accessibility. Ann Assoc Am Geogr 103(3):483\u2013504. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00045608.2012.689238","journal-title":"Ann Assoc Am Geogr"},{"key":"404_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105695","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2020.105695","volume":"145","author":"J Fischer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fischer J, Nelson T, Laberee K, Winters M (2020) What does crowdsourced data tell us about bicycling injury? A case study in a mid-sized Canadian city. Accid Anal Prev 145:105695","journal-title":"Accid Anal Prev"},{"key":"404_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/gean.12325","author":"RS Franklin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Franklin RS, Delmelle EC, Andris C, Cheng T, Dodge S, Franklin J, Wentz EA (2022) Making space in geographical analysis. Geogr Anal. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/gean.12325","journal-title":"Geogr Anal"},{"key":"404_CR15","volume-title":"Applied methods of cost-benefit analysis in health care","author":"E Frew","year":"2010","unstructured":"Frew E (2010) Applied methods of cost-benefit analysis in health care. Oxford University Press"},{"issue":"9","key":"404_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3563","DOI":"10.3390\/su12093563","volume":"12","author":"M Friman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Friman M, L\u00e4ttman K, Olsson LE (2020) Public transport quality, safety, and perceived accessibility. Sustainability 12(9):3563","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"1","key":"404_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01936872","volume":"24","author":"T H\u00e4gerstrand","year":"1970","unstructured":"H\u00e4gerstrand T (1970) What about people in regional science? Pap Reg Sci Assoc 24(1):6\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF01936872","journal-title":"Pap Reg Sci Assoc"},{"issue":"2","key":"404_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1080\/10095020.2020.1754138","volume":"23","author":"B Huang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Huang B, Wang J (2020) Big spatial data for urban and environmental sustainability. Geo Spatial Inf Sci 23(2):125\u2013140","journal-title":"Geo Spatial Inf Sci"},{"key":"404_CR19","unstructured":"Janelle DG (2004) Impact of information technologies. In: The geography of urban transportation, Guilford Publications, pp 86\u2013112. https:\/\/trid.trb.org\/view\/756061"},{"issue":"4","key":"404_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1080\/24694452.2021.1956876","volume":"112","author":"A Kar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kar A, Le HTK, Miller HJ (2022) What is essential travel? Socioeconomic differences in travel demand in Columbus, Ohio, during the COVID-19 lockdown. Ann Am Assoc Geogr 112(4):1023\u20131046. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/24694452.2021.1956876","journal-title":"Ann Am Assoc Geogr"},{"issue":"2","key":"404_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0193013","DOI":"10.1371\/JOURNAL.PONE.0193013","volume":"13","author":"Y Kim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kim Y, Byon Y-J, Yeo H (2018) Enhancing healthcare accessibility measurements using GIS: a case study in Seoul, Korea. PLoS ONE 13(2):e0193013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/JOURNAL.PONE.0193013","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"4","key":"404_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.2478\/mgr-2020-0017","volume":"2020","author":"P Klapka","year":"2020","unstructured":"Klapka P, Ellegard K, Frant\u00e1l B (2020) What about time-geography in the post-Covid-19 era? Morav Geogr Rep 2020(4):238\u2013247. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2478\/mgr-2020-0017","journal-title":"Morav Geogr Rep"},{"issue":"8","key":"404_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1080\/13658810903321339","volume":"24","author":"B Kuijpers","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kuijpers B, Miller HJ, Neutens T, Othman W (2010) Anchor uncertainty and space-time prisms on road networks. Int J Geogr Inf Sci 24(8):1223\u20131248. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13658810903321339","journal-title":"Int J Geogr Inf Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"404_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1111\/0033-0124.00158","volume":"51","author":"M-P Kwan","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kwan M-P (1999) Gender and individual access to urban opportunities: a study using space-time measures. Prof Geogr 51(2):210\u2013227. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/0033-0124.00158","journal-title":"Prof Geogr"},{"issue":"2","key":"404_CR25","first-page":"145","volume":"32","author":"M-P Kwan","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kwan M-P (2000) Gender differences in space-time constraints. R Geogr Soc 32(2):145\u2013156","journal-title":"R Geogr Soc"},{"key":"404_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/J.APGEOG.2018.02.012","volume":"93","author":"J Lee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lee J, Miller HJ (2018) Measuring the impacts of new public transit services on space-time accessibility: an analysis of transit system redesign and new bus rapid transit in Columbus, Ohio, USA. Appl Geogr 93:47\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.APGEOG.2018.02.012","journal-title":"Appl Geogr"},{"issue":"February","key":"404_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trd.2019.02.004","volume":"69","author":"J Lee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee J, Miller HJ (2019) Analyzing collective accessibility using average space-time prisms. Transp Res Part D Transp Environ 69(February):250\u2013264. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.trd.2019.02.004","journal-title":"Transp Res Part D Transp Environ"},{"issue":"2","key":"404_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1080\/01441647.2016.1239660","volume":"37","author":"RJ Lee","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lee RJ, Sener IN, Jones SN (2017) Understanding the role of equity in active transportation planning in the United States. Transp Rev 37(2):211\u2013226","journal-title":"Transp Rev"},{"key":"404_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101710","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compenvurbsys.2021.101710","volume":"91","author":"JA Long","year":"2022","unstructured":"Long JA, Ren C (2022) Associations between mobility and socio-economic indicators vary across the timeline of the Covid-19 pandemic. Comput Environ Urban Syst 91:101710","journal-title":"Comput Environ Urban Syst"},{"issue":"5","key":"404_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1080\/13658816.2013.818151","volume":"28","author":"JA Long","year":"2014","unstructured":"Long JA, Nelson TA, Nathoo FS (2014) Toward a kinetic-based probabilistic time geography. Int J Geogr Inf Sci 28(5):855\u2013874. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13658816.2013.818151","journal-title":"Int J Geogr Inf Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"404_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1080\/13658816.2019.1658875","volume":"34","author":"RW Loraamm","year":"2020","unstructured":"Loraamm RW (2020) Incorporating behavior into animal movement modeling: a constrained agent-based model for estimating visit probabilities in space-time prisms. Int J Geogr Inf Sci 34(8):1607\u20131627. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13658816.2019.1658875","journal-title":"Int J Geogr Inf Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"404_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1080\/17450101.2016.1253816","volume":"12","author":"A Lubitow","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lubitow A, Rainer J, Bassett S (2017) Exclusion and vulnerability on public transit: experiences of transit dependent riders in Portland. Oregon Mobil 12(6):924\u2013937","journal-title":"Oregon Mobil"},{"issue":"12","key":"404_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1177\/0361198120946011","volume":"2674","author":"EC McBride","year":"2020","unstructured":"McBride EC, Davis AW, Goulias KG (2020) Exploration of statewide fragmentation of activity and travel and a taxonomy of daily time use patterns using sequence analysis in California. Transp Res Rec 2674(12):38\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0361198120946011","journal-title":"Transp Res Rec"},{"key":"404_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JTRANGEO.2012.03.019","volume":"23","author":"J McQuoid","year":"2012","unstructured":"McQuoid J, Dijst M (2012) Bringing emotions to time geography: the case of mobilities of poverty. J Transp Geogr 23:26\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.JTRANGEO.2012.03.019","journal-title":"J Transp Geogr"},{"issue":"3","key":"404_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1080\/02693799108927856","volume":"5","author":"HJ Miller","year":"1991","unstructured":"Miller HJ (1991) Modelling accessibility using space-time prism concepts within geographical information systems. Int J Geogr Inf Sci 5(3):287\u2013301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02693799108927856","journal-title":"Int J Geogr Inf Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"404_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-4632.2005.00575.x","volume":"37","author":"HJ Miller","year":"2005","unstructured":"Miller HJ (2005) A measurement theory for time geography. Geogr Anal 37(1):17\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1538-4632.2005.00575.x","journal-title":"Geogr Anal"},{"issue":"1","key":"404_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1080\/00045600802471049","volume":"99","author":"HJ Miller","year":"2008","unstructured":"Miller HJ, Bridwell SA (2008) A field-based theory for time geography. Ann Assoc Am Geogr 99(1):49\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00045600802471049","journal-title":"Ann Assoc Am Geogr"},{"issue":"49","key":"404_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19052","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0800375105","volume":"105","author":"R Nathan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Nathan R, Getz WM, Revilla E, Holyoak M, Kadmon R, Saltz D, Smouse PE (2008) A movement ecology paradigm for unifying organismal movement research. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 105(49):19052\u201319059. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0800375105","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"1","key":"404_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1080\/01441647.2020.1806943","volume":"41","author":"T Nelson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nelson T, Ferster C, Laberee K, Fuller D, Winters M (2020) Crowdsourced data for bicycling research and practice. Transp Rev 41(1):97\u2013114. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01441647.2020.1806943","journal-title":"Transp Rev"},{"key":"404_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102981","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2021.102981","volume":"125","author":"T Nelson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nelson T, Roy A, Ferster C, Fischer J, Brum-Bastos V, Laberee K, Winters M (2021) Generalized model for mapping bicycle ridership with crowdsourced data. Transp Res Part C Emerg Technol 125:102981","journal-title":"Transp Res Part C Emerg Technol"},{"issue":"19","key":"404_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2119967119","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2119967119","volume":"119","author":"TA Nelson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nelson TA, Goodchild MF, Wright DJ (2022) Accelerating ethics, empathy, and equity in geographic information science. Proc Natl Acad Sci 119(19):e2119967119","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"404_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-018-0003-2","volume":"15","author":"MJ Nieuwenhuijsen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nieuwenhuijsen MJ (2018) Influence of urban and transport planning and the city environment on cardiovascular disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 15(7):432\u2013438","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"404_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1080\/13658816.2021.2005796","volume":"36","author":"E Noi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Noi E, Rudolph R, Dodge S (2021) Assessing COVID- induced changes in spatiotemporal structure of mobility in the United States in 2020: a multi- source analytical framework. Int J Geogr Inf Sci 36(3):585\u2013616. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13658816.2021.2005796","journal-title":"Int J Geogr Inf Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"404_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1177\/0042098009353626","volume":"47","author":"A P\u00e1ez","year":"2010","unstructured":"P\u00e1ez A, Mercado RG, Farber S, Morency C, Roorda M (2010) Relative accessibility deprivation indicators for urban settings: definitions and application to food deserts in Montreal. Urban Stud 47(7):1415\u20131438. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0042098009353626","journal-title":"Urban Stud"},{"issue":"6","key":"404_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1080\/01441647.2015.1042944","volume":"35","author":"Z Patterson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Patterson Z, Farber S (2015) Potential path areas and activity spaces in application: a review. Transp Rev 35(6):679\u2013700. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01441647.2015.1042944","journal-title":"Transp Rev"},{"issue":"12","key":"404_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp2115646","volume":"386","author":"JA Rodriguez","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rodriguez JA, Shachar C, Bates DW (2022) Digital inclusion as health care\u2014supporting health care equity with digital-infrastructure initiatives. N Engl J Med 386(12):1101\u20131103","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"404_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sagl G, Beinat E, Resch B, Blaschke T (2011) Integrated geo-sensing: a case study on the relationships between weather and mobile phone usage in Northern Italy. In: ICSDM 2011\u2014proceedings 2011 IEEE international conference on spatial data mining and geographical knowledge services, pp 208\u2013213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICSDM.2011.5969033","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSDM.2011.5969033"},{"issue":"1","key":"404_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1111\/TGIS.12587","volume":"24","author":"SS Sehra","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sehra SS, Singh J, Rai HS, Anand SS (2020) Extending processing toolbox for assessing the logical consistency of openstreetmap data. Trans GIS 24(1):44\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/TGIS.12587","journal-title":"Trans GIS"},{"issue":"4","key":"404_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1080\/13658816.2015.1101767","volume":"30","author":"DE Seidl","year":"2016","unstructured":"Seidl DE, Jankowski P, Tsou MH (2016) Privacy and spatial pattern preservation in masked GPS trajectory data. Int J Geogr Inf Sci 30(4):785\u2013800","journal-title":"Int J Geogr Inf Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"404_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1080\/24694452.2019.1631145","volume":"110","author":"SL Shaw","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shaw SL, Sui D (2019) Understanding the new human dynamics in smart spaces and places: toward a splatial framework. Ann Am Assoc Geogr 110(2):339\u2013348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/24694452.2019.1631145","journal-title":"Ann Am Assoc Geogr"},{"issue":"2","key":"404_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JTRANGEO.2008.11.012","volume":"17","author":"SL Shaw","year":"2009","unstructured":"Shaw SL, Yu H (2009) A GIS-based time-geographic approach of studying individual activities and interactions in a hybrid physical\u2013virtual space. J Transp Geogr 17(2):141\u2013149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.JTRANGEO.2008.11.012","journal-title":"J Transp Geogr"},{"issue":"1","key":"404_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1080\/13658816.2013.830308","volume":"28","author":"Y Song","year":"2014","unstructured":"Song Y, Miller HJ (2014) Simulating visit probability distributions within planar space-time prisms. Int J Geogr Inf Sci 28(1):104\u2013125. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13658816.2013.830308","journal-title":"Int J Geogr Inf Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"404_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1111\/gean.12076","volume":"48","author":"Y Song","year":"2016","unstructured":"Song Y, Miller HJ, Zhou X, Proffitt D (2016) Modeling visit probabilities within network-time prisms using markov techniques. Geogr Anal 48(1):18\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/gean.12076","journal-title":"Geogr Anal"},{"key":"404_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tra.2021.03.002","volume":"147","author":"R Su","year":"2021","unstructured":"Su R, McBride EC, Goulias KG (2021) Unveiling daily activity pattern differences between telecommuters and commuters using human mobility motifs and sequence analysis. Transp Res Part A Policy Pract 147:106\u2013132","journal-title":"Transp Res Part A Policy Pract"},{"key":"404_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1007\/s10109-021-00370-6","volume":"24","author":"R Su","year":"2022","unstructured":"Su R, Dodge S, Goulias KG (2022) Understanding the impact of temporal scale on human movement analytics. J Geogr Syst 24:353\u2013388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10109-021-00370-6","journal-title":"J Geogr Syst"},{"issue":"1","key":"404_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1080\/24694452.2019.1629868","volume":"110","author":"E Thulin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Thulin E, Vilhelmson B, Schwanen T (2019) Absent friends? Smartphones, mediated presence, and the recoupling of online social contact in everyday life. Ann Am Assoc Geogr 110(1):166\u2013183. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/24694452.2019.1629868","journal-title":"Ann Am Assoc Geogr"},{"key":"404_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.2307\/143141","volume":"46","author":"WR Tobler","year":"1970","unstructured":"Tobler WR (1970) A computer movie simulating urban growth in the detroit region. Econ Geogr 46:234. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/143141","journal-title":"Econ Geogr"},{"issue":"2","key":"404_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5198\/jtlu.2015.625","volume":"9","author":"CP Tribby","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tribby CP, Miller HJ, Werner CM, Smith KR, Brown BB (2016) Assessing built environment walkability using activity-space summary measures. J Transp Land Use 9(2):1\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5198\/jtlu.2015.625","journal-title":"J Transp Land Use"},{"key":"404_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JTRANGEO.2017.10.010","volume":"65","author":"R Wei","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wei R, Liu X, Mu Y, Wang L, Golub A, Farber S (2017) Evaluating public transit services for operational efficiency and access equity. J Transp Geogr 65:70\u201379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.JTRANGEO.2017.10.010","journal-title":"J Transp Geogr"},{"issue":"3","key":"404_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1007\/s10707-010-0108-1","volume":"15","author":"S Winter","year":"2010","unstructured":"Winter S, Yin Z-C (2010a) The elements of probabilistic time geography. GeoInformatica 15(3):417\u2013434. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10707-010-0108-1","journal-title":"GeoInformatica"},{"issue":"9","key":"404_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1080\/13658811003619150","volume":"24","author":"S Winter","year":"2010","unstructured":"Winter S, Yin Z-C (2010b) Directed movements in probabilistic time geography. Int J Geogr Inf Sci 24(9):1349\u20131365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13658811003619150","journal-title":"Int J Geogr Inf Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"404_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/s11116-010-9284-y","volume":"38","author":"M Winters","year":"2011","unstructured":"Winters M, Davidson G, Kao D, Teschke K (2011) Motivators and deterrents of bicycling: comparing influences on decisions to ride. Transportation 38(1):153\u2013168","journal-title":"Transportation"}],"container-title":["Journal of Geographical Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10109-023-00404-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10109-023-00404-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10109-023-00404-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,30]],"date-time":"2023-08-30T17:06:09Z","timestamp":1693415169000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10109-023-00404-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]}},"alternative-id":["404"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10109-023-00404-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1435-5930","1435-5949"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1435-5930","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-5949","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 January 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 January 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 February 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}