{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T13:28:37Z","timestamp":1769002117082,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":123,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,20]],"date-time":"2022-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660953600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,20]],"date-time":"2022-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660953600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Finance Code 001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Finance Code 001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017580","name":"National Education and Research Network","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017580","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Knowl Inf Syst"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10115-022-01737-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,20]],"date-time":"2022-08-20T20:05:33Z","timestamp":1661025933000},"page":"2849-2881","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["A study of approaches to answering complex questions over knowledge bases"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6712-3943","authenticated-orcid":false,"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Jor\u00e3o","family":"Gomes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5023-6183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R\u00f4mulo Chrispim","family":"de\u00a0Mello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6296-8605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor","family":"Str\u00f6ele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0911-7980","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jairo Francisco","family":"de\u00a0Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"1737_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abdelkawi A, Zafar H, Maleshkova M, Lehmann J (2019) Complex query augmentation for question answering over knowledge graphs. In: OTM confederated international conferences\u201d On the move to meaningful internet systems\u201d. Springer, pp 571\u2013587","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-33246-4_36"},{"key":"1737_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abujabal A, Yahya M, Riedewald M, Weikum G (2017) Automated template generation for question answering over knowledge graphs. In: Proceedings of the 26th international conference on world wide web, pp 1191\u20131200","DOI":"10.1145\/3038912.3052583"},{"key":"1737_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-15712-8_3","volume-title":"Advances in information retrieval","author":"P Agarwal","year":"2019","unstructured":"Agarwal P, Ramanath M, Shroff G (2019) Retrieving relationships from a knowledge graph for question answering. In: Azzopardi L, Stein B, Fuhr N, Mayr P, Hauff C, Hiemstra D (eds) Advances in information retrieval. Springer, Cham, pp 35\u201350"},{"key":"1737_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anderson M, G\u00f3mez-Rodr\u00edguez C (2020) Distilling neural networks for greener and faster dependency parsing","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.iwpt-1.2"},{"key":"1737_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Auer S, Bizer C, Kobilarov G, Lehmann J, Cyganiak R, Ives Z (2007) Dbpedia: a nucleus for a web of open data. In: The semantic web. Springer, pp 722\u2013735","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-76298-0_52"},{"key":"1737_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2020.113205","volume":"146","author":"M Bakhshi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bakhshi M, Nematbakhsh M, Mohsenzadeh M, Rahmani AM (2020) Data-driven construction of sparql queries by approximate question graph alignment in question answering over knowledge graphs. Expert Syst Appl 146:113205","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"key":"1737_CR7","unstructured":"Bao J, Duan N, Yan Z, Zhou M, Zhao T (2016) Constraint-based question answering with knowledge graph. In: Proceedings of COLING 2016, the 26th international conference on computational linguistics: technical papers. The COLING 2016 Organizing Committee, Osaka, Japan, pp 2503\u20132514. https:\/\/www.aclweb.org\/anthology\/C16-1236"},{"key":"1737_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bast H, Haussmann E (2015) More accurate question answering on freebase. In: Proceedings of the 24th ACM international on conference on information and knowledge management, pp 1431\u20131440","DOI":"10.1145\/2806416.2806472"},{"key":"1737_CR9","unstructured":"Berant J, Chou A, Frostig R, Liang P (2013) Semantic parsing on freebase from question-answer pairs. In: Proceedings of the 2013 conference on empirical methods in natural language processing, pp 1533\u20131544"},{"issue":"5","key":"1737_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican0501-34","volume":"284","author":"T Berners-Lee","year":"2001","unstructured":"Berners-Lee T, Hendler J, Lassila O (2001) The semantic web. Sci Am 284(5):34\u201343","journal-title":"Sci Am"},{"key":"1737_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bhutani N, Zheng X, Jagadish HV (2019) Learning to answer complex questions over knowledge bases with query composition. In: Proceedings of the 28th ACM international conference on information and knowledge management, CIKM \u201919. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, pp 739\u2013748. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3357384.3358033","DOI":"10.1145\/3357384.3358033"},{"key":"1737_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bhutani N, Zheng X, Qian K, Li Y, Jagadish H (2020) Answering complex questions by combining information from curated and extracted knowledge bases. In: Proceedings of the first workshop on natural language interfaces. Association for Computational Linguistics, Online, pp 1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18653\/v1\/2020.nli-1.1","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.nli-1.1"},{"key":"1737_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bizer C, Heath T, Berners-Lee T, Sheth A (2011) Linked data-the story so far. Semantic services, interoperability and web applications: emerging concepts, vol 1, no. 1, pp 205\u2013227","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-60960-593-3.ch008"},{"key":"1737_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1162\/tacl_a_00051","volume":"5","author":"P Bojanowski","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bojanowski P, Grave E, Joulin A, Mikolov T (2017) Enriching word vectors with subword information. Trans Assoc Comput Linguist 5:135\u2013146","journal-title":"Trans Assoc Comput Linguist"},{"key":"1737_CR15","unstructured":"Bollacker K, Cook R, Tufts P (2007) Freebase: a shared database of structured general human knowledge. In: AAAI, vol\u00a07, pp 1962\u20131963 (2007)"},{"key":"1737_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bollacker K, Evans C, Paritosh P, Sturge T, Taylor J (2008) Freebase: a collaboratively created graph database for structuring human knowledge. In: Proceedings of the 2008 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data, pp 1247\u20131250","DOI":"10.1145\/1376616.1376746"},{"key":"1737_CR17","unstructured":"Bordes A, Usunier N, Chopra S, Weston J (2015) Large-scale simple question answering with memory networks. arXiv preprint arXiv:1506.02075"},{"key":"1737_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bosselut A, Bras RL, Choi Y (2020) Dynamic neuro-symbolic knowledge graph construction for zero-shot commonsense question answering. In: Proceedings of the AAAI conference on Artificial Intelligence, vol 35, pp 4923\u20134931. https:\/\/ojs.aaai.org\/index.php\/AAAI\/article\/view\/16625","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v35i6.16625"},{"key":"1737_CR19","unstructured":"Cai Q, Yates A (2013) Large-scale semantic parsing via schema matching and lexicon extension. In: Proceedings of the 51st annual meeting of the association for computational linguistics, vol 1. Long Papers, pp 423\u2013433"},{"key":"1737_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen A, Stanovsky G, Singh S, Gardner M (2019) Evaluating question answering evaluation. In: Proceedings of the 2nd workshop on machine reading for question answering. Association for Computational Linguistics, Hong Kong, China, p. 119\u2013124. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18653\/v1\/D19-5817","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D19-5817"},{"key":"1737_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2019.112948","volume":"141","author":"X Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen X, Jia S, Xiang Y (2020) A review: knowledge reasoning over knowledge graph. Expert Syst Appl 141:112948. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eswa.2019.112948","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"issue":"1","key":"1737_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.3163\/1536-5050.104.1.013","volume":"104","author":"ID Cooper","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cooper ID (2016) What is a mapping study? J Med Lib Assoc JMLA 104(1):76","journal-title":"J Med Lib Assoc JMLA"},{"key":"1737_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Costa C, Murta L (2013) Version control in distributed software development: a systematic mapping study. In: 8th international conference on global software engineering (ICGSE), pp 90\u201399. IEEE (2013)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICGSE.2013.19"},{"key":"1737_CR24","volume-title":"Search engines: information retrieval in practice","author":"WB Croft","year":"2010","unstructured":"Croft WB, Metzler D, Strohman T (2010) Search engines: information retrieval in practice, vol 520. Addison-Wesley Publishing, Boston"},{"key":"1737_CR25","unstructured":"Cui W, Xiao Y, Wang H, Song Y, Hwang S, Wang W (2019) KBQA: learning question answering over QA corpora and knowledge bases. CoRR. arXiv:1903.02419"},{"issue":"5","key":"1737_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.14778\/3055540.3055549","volume":"10","author":"W Cui","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cui W, Xiao Y, Wang H, Song Y, Hwang SW, Wang W (2017) KBQA: learning question answering over QA corpora and knowledge bases. Proc VLDB Endow 10(5):565\u2013576. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14778\/3055540.3055549","journal-title":"Proc VLDB Endow"},{"key":"1737_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dettmers T, Minervini P, Stenetorp P, Riedel S (2018) Convolutional 2d knowledge graph embeddings. In: McIlraith SA, Weinberger KQ (eds) Proceedings of the thirty-second AAAI conference on artificial intelligence, (AAAI-18), the 30th innovative applications of artificial intelligence (IAAI-18), and the 8th AAAI symposium on educational advances in artificial intelligence (EAAI-18), New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, February 2\u20137, 2018. AAAI Press, New Orleans, pp 1811\u20131818","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v32i1.11573"},{"key":"1737_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Diefenbach D, Both A, Singh K, Maret P (2020) Towards a question answering system over the semantic web. Semant Web 11(3):421\u2013439. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/SW-190343","DOI":"10.3233\/SW-190343"},{"issue":"3","key":"1737_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1007\/s10115-017-1100-y","volume":"55","author":"D Diefenbach","year":"2018","unstructured":"Diefenbach D, Lopez V, Singh K, Maret P (2018) Core techniques of question answering systems over knowledge bases: a survey. Knowl Inf Syst 55(3):529\u2013569","journal-title":"Knowl Inf Syst"},{"key":"1737_CR30","first-page":"1","volume":"55","author":"E Dimitrakis","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dimitrakis E, Sgontzos K, Tzitzikas Y (2019) A survey on question answering systems over linked data and documents. J Intell Inf Syst 55:1\u201327","journal-title":"J Intell Inf Syst"},{"key":"1737_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ding J, Hu W, Xu Q, Qu Y (2019) Leveraging frequent query substructures to generate formal queries for complex question answering. In: Proceedings of the 2019 conference on empirical methods in natural language processing and the 9th international joint conference on natural language processing (EMNLP-IJCNLP). Association for Computational Linguistics, Hong Kong, China, pp 2614\u20132622. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18653\/v1\/D19-1263","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D19-1263"},{"key":"1737_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dubey M, Banerjee D, Abdelkawi A, Lehmann J (2019) LC-quad 2.0: a large dataset for complex question answering over wikidata and dbpedia. In: International semantic web conference. Springer, pp 69\u201378 (2019)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-30796-7_5"},{"key":"1737_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Evseev DA, Arkhipov MY (2020) Sparql query generation for complex question answering with bert and bilstm-based model. In: Computational linguistics and intellectual technologies: proceedings of the international conference dialogue 2020, vol 2020-June, pp 270\u2013282","DOI":"10.28995\/2075-7182-2020-19-270-282"},{"key":"1737_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fernandez-Sotos P, Torio I, Fernandez-Caballero A, Navarro E, Gonzalez P, Dompablo M, Rodriguez-Jimenez R (2019) Social cognition remediation interventions: a systematic mapping review. PloS One 14(6):1\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0218720","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0218720"},{"issue":"7524","key":"1737_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38636.593461.68","volume":"331","author":"T Greenhalgh","year":"2005","unstructured":"Greenhalgh T, Peacock R (2005) Effectiveness and efficiency of search methods in systematic reviews of complex evidence: audit of primary sources. BMJ 331(7524):1064\u20131065. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.38636.593461.68","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"1737_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gu G, Li B, Gao H, Wang M (2020) Learning to answer complex questions with evidence graph. In: Asia-Pacific Web (APWeb) and Web-Age Information Management (WAIM) joint international conference on web and big data. Springer, pp 257\u2013269","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-60259-8_20"},{"issue":"2","key":"1737_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1378","volume":"11","author":"M Gusenbauer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gusenbauer M, Haddaway NR (2020) Which academic search systems are suitable for systematic reviews or meta-analyses? evaluating retrieval qualities of google scholar, pubmed, and 26 other resources. Res Synth Methods 11(2):181\u2013217","journal-title":"Res Synth Methods"},{"issue":"5","key":"1737_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1007\/s13280-016-0773-x","volume":"45","author":"NR Haddaway","year":"2016","unstructured":"Haddaway NR, Bernes C, Jonsson BG, Hedlund K (2016) The benefits of systematic mapping to evidence-based environmental management. Ambio 45(5):613\u2013620","journal-title":"Ambio"},{"key":"1737_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Han W, Jiang Y, Ng HT, Tu K (2020) A survey of unsupervised dependency parsing. In: Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, pp 2522\u20132533, Barcelona, Spain (Online). International Committee on Computational Linguistics. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18653\/v1\/2020.coling-main.227","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.coling-main.227"},{"key":"1737_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2019.07.014","volume":"119","author":"Z Hao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hao Z, Wu B, Wen W, Cai R (2019) A subgraph-representation-based method for answering complex questions over knowledge bases. Neural Netw 119:57\u201365","journal-title":"Neural Netw"},{"issue":"6","key":"1737_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.3233\/SW-160247","volume":"8","author":"K H\u00f6ffner","year":"2017","unstructured":"H\u00f6ffner K, Walter S, Marx E, Usbeck R, Lehmann J, Ngonga Ngomo AC (2017) Survey on challenges of question answering in the semantic web. Semant Web 8(6):895\u2013920","journal-title":"Semant Web"},{"key":"1737_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hong MD, Oh KJ, Go SH, Jo GS (2016) Temporal ontology representation and reasoning using ordinals and sets for historical events. In: Asian conference on intelligent information and database systems. Springer, pp 75\u201385","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-49381-6_8"},{"issue":"5","key":"1737_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2017.2766634","volume":"30","author":"S Hu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hu S, Zou L, Yu JX, Wang H, Zhao D (2017) Answering natural language questions by subgraph matching over knowledge graphs. IEEE Trans Knowl Data Eng 30(5):824\u2013837","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Knowl Data Eng"},{"key":"1737_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hu S, Zou L, Zhang X (2018) A state-transition framework to answer complex questions over knowledge base. In: Proceedings of the 2018 conference on empirical methods in natural language processing. Association for Computational Linguistics, Brussels, Belgium, pp 2098\u20132108. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18653\/v1\/D18-1234","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D18-1234"},{"key":"1737_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hua Y, Li YF, Haffari G, Qi G, Wu T (2020) Few-shot complex knowledge base question answering via meta reinforcement learning. In: Proceedings of the 2020 conference on empirical methods in natural language processing (EMNLP). Association for Computational Linguistics, Online, pp 5827\u20135837. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18653\/v1\/2020.emnlp-main.469","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.emnlp-main.469"},{"key":"1737_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hua Y, Li YF, Haffari G, Qi G, Wu W (2020) Retrieve, program, repeat: complex knowledge base question answering via alternate meta-learning. In: Bessiere C (ed) Proceedings of the twenty-ninth international joint conference on artificial intelligence, IJCAI-20. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, Virtual, Japan, pp 3679\u20133686. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24963\/ijcai.2020\/509","DOI":"10.24963\/ijcai.2020\/509"},{"key":"1737_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hua Y, Li YF, Qi G, Wu W, Zhang J, Qi D (2020) Less is more: data-efficient complex question answering over knowledge bases. J Web Semant 100612. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.websem.2020.100612. https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1570826820300470","DOI":"10.1016\/j.websem.2020.100612"},{"key":"1737_CR48","unstructured":"Imam M et\u00a0al (2011) Improvements to the complex question answering models. Ph.D. thesis, Lethbridge, Alta.: University of Lethbridge, c2011"},{"key":"1737_CR49","unstructured":"Ji S, Pan S, Cambria E, Marttinen P, Yu PS (2020) A survey on knowledge graphs: representation, acquisition and applications. arXiv preprint arXiv:2002.00388"},{"key":"1737_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jia Z, Abujabal A, Saha Roy R, Str\u00f6tgen J, Weikum G (2018) Tequila: temporal question answering over knowledge bases. In: Proceedings of the 27th ACM international conference on information and knowledge management, pp 1807\u20131810","DOI":"10.1145\/3269206.3269247"},{"key":"1737_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75235","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2918675","volume":"7","author":"H Jin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jin H, Luo Y, Gao C, Tang X, Yuan P (2019) ComQA: question answering over knowledge base via semantic matching. IEEE Access 7:75235\u201375246","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"1737_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Joulin A, Grave E, Bojanowski P, Nickel M, Mikolov T (2017) Fast linear model for knowledge graph embeddings (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/ARXIV.1710.10881. arXiv:1710.10881","DOI":"10.48550\/ARXIV.1710.10881"},{"key":"1737_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kartsaklis D, Pilehvar MT, Collier N (2018) Mapping text to knowledge graph entities using multi-sense LSTMs. In: Proceedings of the 2018 conference on empirical methods in natural language processing. Association for Computational Linguistics, Brussels, Belgium, pp 1959\u20131970. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18653\/v1\/D18-1221","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D18-1221"},{"key":"1737_CR54","unstructured":"Kitchenham B (2004) Procedures for performing systematic reviews. Keele, UK, Keele University, vol 33, pp 1\u201326"},{"issue":"2","key":"1737_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.3233\/SW-140134","volume":"6","author":"J Lehmann","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lehmann J, Isele R, Jakob M, Jentzsch A, Kontokostas D, Mendes PN, Hellmann S, Morsey M, Van Kleef P, Auer S et al (2015) Dbpedia\u2014a large-scale, multilingual knowledge base extracted from wikipedia. Semant Web 6(2):167\u2013195","journal-title":"Semant Web"},{"key":"1737_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li X, Hu S, Zou L (2020) Natural answer generation via graph transformer. In: Asia-Pacific Web (APWeb) and Web-Age Information Management (WAIM) joint international conference on web and big data. Springer, pp 302\u2013318","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-60259-8_23"},{"key":"1737_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liang C, Berant J, Le Q, Forbus KD, Lao N (2017) Neural symbolic machines: Learning semantic parsers on freebase with weak supervision. In: 55th annual meeting of the association for computational linguistics, ACL 2017. Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL), pp 23\u201333","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P17-1003"},{"key":"1737_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lin BY, Chen X, Chen J, Ren X (2019) Kagnet: knowledge-aware graph networks for commonsense reasoning. In: Inui K, Jiang J, Ng V, Wan X (eds) Proceedings of the 2019 conference on empirical methods in natural language processing and the 9th international joint conference on natural language processing, EMNLP-IJCNLP 2019, Hong Kong, China, November 3\u20137, 2019. Association for Computational Linguistics, pp 2829\u20132839. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18653\/v1\/D19-1282","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D19-1282"},{"key":"1737_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu Y, Wan Y, He L, Peng H, Yu PS (2020) Kg-bart: Knowledge graph-augmented bart for generative commonsense reasoning","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v35i7.16796"},{"key":"1737_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lu X, Pramanik S, Saha\u00a0Roy R, Abujabal A, Wang Y, Weikum G (2019) Answering complex questions by joining multi-document evidence with quasi knowledge graphs. In: Proceedings of the 42nd International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, pp 105\u2013114","DOI":"10.1145\/3331184.3331252"},{"key":"1737_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lukovnikov D, Fischer A, Lehmann J (2019) Pretrained transformers for simple question answering over knowledge graphs. In: International semantic web conference, vol. abs\/2001.11985. Springer, pp 470\u2013486. arxiv:2001.11985","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-30793-6_27"},{"key":"1737_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luo K, Lin F, Luo X, Zhu K (2018) Knowledge base question answering via encoding of complex query graphs. In: Proceedings of the 2018 conference on empirical methods in natural language processing. Association for Computational Linguistics, Brussels, Belgium, pp 2185\u20132194","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D18-1242"},{"key":"1737_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maheshwari G, Trivedi P, Lukovnikov D, Chakraborty N, Fischer A, Lehmann J (2019) Learning to rank query graphs for complex question answering over knowledge graphs. In: International semantic web conference. Springer, pp 487\u2013504","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-30793-6_28"},{"key":"1737_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mendes PN, Jakob M, Garc\u00eda-Silva A, Bizer C (2011) Dbpedia spotlight: shedding light on the web of documents. In: Proceedings of the 7th international conference on semantic systems. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, pp 1\u20138","DOI":"10.1145\/2063518.2063519"},{"issue":"4","key":"1737_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1145\/1498765.1498780","volume":"52","author":"B Meyer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Meyer B, Choppy C, Staunstrup J, van Leeuwen J (2009) Viewpoint research evaluation for computer science. Commun ACM 52(4):31\u201334","journal-title":"Commun ACM"},{"key":"1737_CR66","unstructured":"Mikolov T, Chen K, Corrado G, Dean J (2013) Efficient estimation of word representations in vector space. arXiv preprint arXiv:1301.3781"},{"key":"1737_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miller A, Fisch A, Dodge J, Karimi AH, Bordes A, Weston J (2016) Key-value memory networks for directly reading documents. In: Proceedings of the 2016 conference on empirical methods in natural language processing. Association for Computational Linguistics, Austin, Texas, pp 1400\u20131409","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D16-1147"},{"key":"1737_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nagarhalli TP, Vaze V, Rana NK (2020) A review of current trends in the development of chatbot systems. In: 2020 6th international conference on advanced computing and communication systems (ICACCS). IEEE, Coimbatore, India, pp. 706\u2013710. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICACCS48705.2020.9074420","DOI":"10.1109\/ICACCS48705.2020.9074420"},{"key":"1737_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Namaki MH, Chowdhury FA, Islam M, Doppa J, Wu Y (2017) Learning to speed up query planning in graph databases. In: Proceedings of the international conference on automated planning and scheduling, vol 27, no. 1, p 9. https:\/\/ojs.aaai.org\/index.php\/ICAPS\/article\/view\/13849","DOI":"10.1609\/icaps.v27i1.13849"},{"key":"1737_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infsof.2015.12.013","volume":"72","author":"FW Neiva","year":"2016","unstructured":"Neiva FW, David JMN, Braga R, Campos F (2016) Towards pragmatic interoperability to support collaboration: a systematic review and mapping of the literature. Inf Softw Technol 72:137\u2013150","journal-title":"Inf Softw Technol"},{"key":"1737_CR71","unstructured":"Nouar W, Boufaida Z (2018) Deep semantic parsing method to capture the structure of multi-relation questions over linked data. In: CEUR workshop proceedings, vol 2379, pp 5\u201314. https:\/\/www.scopus.com"},{"key":"1737_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pennington J, Socher R, Manning CD (2014) Glove: global vectors for word representation. In: Proceedings of the 2014 conference on empirical methods in natural language processing (EMNLP). Association for Computational Linguistics, Doha, Qatar, pp 1532\u20131543","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/D14-1162"},{"issue":"1","key":"1737_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.3163\/1536-5050.104.1.014","volume":"104","author":"CL Perryman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Perryman CL (2016) Mapping studies. J Med Lib Assoc JMLA 104(1):79","journal-title":"J Med Lib Assoc JMLA"},{"key":"1737_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Petersen K, Feldt R, Mujtaba S, Mattsson M (2008) Systematic mapping studies in software engineering. In: 12th international conference on evaluation and assessment in software engineering (EASE) 12, pp 1\u201310","DOI":"10.14236\/ewic\/EASE2008.8"},{"key":"1737_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infsof.2015.03.007","volume":"64","author":"K Petersen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Petersen K, Vakkalanka S, Kuzniarz L (2015) Guidelines for conducting systematic mapping studies in software engineering: an update. Inf Softw Technol 64:1\u201318","journal-title":"Inf Softw Technol"},{"key":"1737_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Petticrew M, Roberts H (2006) Systematic reviews in the social sciences: a practical guide, vol 6 : Blackwell Publishing CrossRef Google Scholar, Malden, pp 304\u2013305","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470754887"},{"issue":"1","key":"1737_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1177\/0539018403042001798","volume":"42","author":"R Popping","year":"2003","unstructured":"Popping R (2003) Knowledge graphs and network text analysis. Soc Sci Inf 42(1):91\u2013106","journal-title":"Soc Sci Inf"},{"key":"1737_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qiu Y, Wang Y, Jin X, Zhang K (2020) Stepwise reasoning for multi-relation question answering over knowledge graph with weak supervision. In: Proceedings of the 13th international conference on web search and data mining, pp 474\u2013482","DOI":"10.1145\/3336191.3371812"},{"key":"1737_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qiu Y, Zhang K, Wang Y, Jin X, Bai L, Guan S, Cheng X (2020) Hierarchical query graph generation for complex question answering over knowledge graph. In: Proceedings of the 29th ACM international conference on information & knowledge management, pp 1285\u20131294","DOI":"10.1145\/3340531.3411888"},{"key":"1737_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Radoev N, Zouaq A, Tremblay M, Gagnon M (2018) A language adaptive method for question answering on French and English. In: Semantic web evaluation challenge. Springer, pp 98\u2013113","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-00072-1_9"},{"key":"1737_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rajabi E, Sanchez-Alonso S (2019) Knowledge discovery using SPARQL property path: the case of disease data set. J Inf Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0165551519865495","DOI":"10.1177\/0165551519865495"},{"key":"1737_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-10-6544-6_31","volume-title":"Information, communication and computing technology","author":"K Ramesh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ramesh K, Ravishankaran S, Joshi A, Chandrasekaran K (2017) A survey of design techniques for conversational agents. In: Kaushik S, Gupta D, Kharb L, Chahal D (eds) Information, communication and computing technology. Springer, Singapore, pp 336\u2013350"},{"issue":"3","key":"1737_CR83","first-page":"2710","volume":"10","author":"ACO Reddy","year":"2020","unstructured":"Reddy ACO, Madhavi K (2020) Convolutional recurrent neural network with template based representation for complex question answering. Int J Electr Comput Eng 10(3):2710","journal-title":"Int J Electr Comput Eng"},{"key":"1737_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2017.09.015","volume":"137","author":"A Rodrigo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rodrigo A, Penas A (2017) A study about the future evaluation of question-answering systems. Knowl Based Syst 137:83\u201393","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"key":"1737_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1162\/tacl_a_00262","volume":"7","author":"A Saha","year":"2019","unstructured":"Saha A, Ansari GA, Laddha A, Sankaranarayanan K, Chakrabarti S (2019) Complex program induction for querying knowledge bases in the absence of gold programs. Trans Assos Comput Linguist 7:185\u2013200","journal-title":"Trans Assos Comput Linguist"},{"key":"1737_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saha A, Pahuja V, Khapra M, Sankaranarayanan K, Chandar S (2018) Complex sequential question answering: Towards learning to converse over linked question answer pairs with a knowledge graph. In: Proceedings of the AAAI conference on artificial intelligence, vol 32, no. 1, p 9","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v32i1.11332"},{"key":"1737_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sakor A, Singh K, Patel A, Vidal ME (2020) Falcon 2.0: an entity and relation linking tool over wikidata. In: Proceedings of the 29th ACM international conference on information & knowledge management, CIKM \u201920. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, pp 3141\u20133148. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3340531.3412777","DOI":"10.1145\/3340531.3412777"},{"key":"1737_CR88","unstructured":"Sakor A, Singh K, Vidal ME (2019) Falcon: an entity and relation linking framework over dbpedia. In: CEUR workshop proceedings 2456 (2019), vol 2456. RWTH, Aachen, pp 265\u2013268"},{"key":"1737_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schumacher E, Mayfield J, Dredze M (2020) Cross-lingual transfer in zero-shot cross-language entity linking","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2021.findings-acl.52"},{"key":"1737_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shen T, Geng X, Long G, Jiang J, Zhang C, Jiang D (2020) Effective search of logical forms for weakly supervised knowledge-based question answering. In: Bessiere C (ed) Proceedings of the twenty-ninth international joint conference on artificial intelligence, IJCAI-20. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, pp 2227\u20132233. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24963\/ijcai.2020\/308","DOI":"10.24963\/ijcai.2020\/308"},{"key":"1737_CR91","unstructured":"Shi P, Lin J (2019) Simple bert models for relation extraction and semantic role labeling"},{"key":"1737_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2020.02.065","volume":"523","author":"S Shin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shin S, Lee KH (2020) Processing knowledge graph-based complex questions through question decomposition and recomposition. Inf Sci 523:234\u2013244","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"1737_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5429","DOI":"10.1007\/s10462-020-09826-5","volume":"53","author":"JWF da Silva","year":"2020","unstructured":"da Silva JWF, Venceslau ADP, Sales JE, Maia JGR, Pinheiro VCM, Vidal VMP (2020) A short survey on end-to-end simple question answering systems. Artif Intell Rev 53(7):5429\u20135453","journal-title":"Artif Intell Rev"},{"key":"1737_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Singh K, Radhakrishna AS, Both A, Shekarpour S, Lytra I, Usbeck R, Vyas A, Khikmatullaev A, Punjani D, Lange C, Vidal ME, Lehmann J, Auer S (2018) Why reinvent the wheel: let\u2019s build question answering systems together. In: Proceedings of the 2018 world wide web conference, WWW \u201918. International World Wide Web Conferences Steering Committee, Republic and Canton of Geneva, CHE, pp 1247\u20131256. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3178876.3186023","DOI":"10.1145\/3178876.3186023"},{"key":"1737_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Talmor A, Berant J (2018) The web as a knowledge-base for answering complex questions. In: Proceedings of the 2018 conference of the North American chapter of the association for computational linguistics: human language technologies, vol 1 (Long Papers), pp 641\u2013651","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N18-1059"},{"issue":"4","key":"1737_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1007\/s41019-019-00109-w","volume":"4","author":"P Tong","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tong P, Zhang Q, Yao J (2019) Leveraging domain context for question answering over knowledge graph. Data Sci Eng 4(4):323\u2013335","journal-title":"Data Sci Eng"},{"key":"1737_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tran TK, Gad-Elrab MH, Stepanova D, Kharlamov E, Str\u00f6tgen J (2020) Fast computation of explanations for inconsistency in large-scale knowledge graphs. In: Proceedings of the web conference 2020, WWW \u201920. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, pp 2613\u20132619. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3366423.3380014","DOI":"10.1145\/3366423.3380014"},{"key":"1737_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Trivedi P, Maheshwari G, Dubey M, Lehmann J (2017) Lc-quad: a corpus for complex question answering over knowledge graphs. In: International semantic web conference. Springer, Cham, pp 210\u2013218","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-68204-4_22"},{"key":"1737_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vakulenko S, Fernandez\u00a0Garcia JD, Polleres A, de\u00a0Rijke M, Cochez M (2019) Message passing for complex question answering over knowledge graphs. In: Proceedings of the 28th ACM international conference on information and knowledge management, pp 1431\u20131440","DOI":"10.1145\/3357384.3358026"},{"key":"1737_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Van\u00a0Pinxteren MM, Pluymaekers M, Lemmink JG (2020) Human-like communication in conversational agents: a literature review and research agenda. J Serv Manag 203\u2013225 ahead-of-print","DOI":"10.1108\/JOSM-06-2019-0175"},{"issue":"10","key":"1737_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1145\/2629489","volume":"57","author":"D Vrande\u010di\u0107","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vrande\u010di\u0107 D, Kr\u00f6tzsch M (2014) Wikidata: a free collaborative knowledgebase. Commun ACM 57(10):78\u201385","journal-title":"Commun ACM"},{"key":"1737_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang R, Wang M, Liu J, Cochez M, Decker S (2019) Structured query construction via knowledge graph embedding. Knowl Inf Syst 1\u201328","DOI":"10.1007\/s10115-019-01401-x"},{"key":"1737_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wohlin C (2014) Guidelines for snowballing in systematic literature studies and a replication in software engineering. In: Proceedings of the 18th international conference on evaluation and assessment in software engineering, EASE \u201914. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2601248.2601268","DOI":"10.1145\/2601248.2601268"},{"key":"1737_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu L, Wu P, Zhang X (2019) A seq2seq-based approach to question answering over knowledge bases. In: Joint international semantic technology conference. Springer, pp 170\u2013181","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-3412-6_17"},{"key":"1737_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu P, Zhang X, Feng Z (2019) A survey of question answering over knowledge base. In: China conference on knowledge graph and semantic computing. Springer, Singapore, pp 86\u201397","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-1956-7_8"},{"key":"1737_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu K, Lai Y, Feng Y, Wang Z (2019) Enhancing key-value memory neural networks for knowledge based question answering. In: Proceedings of the 2019 conference of the north american chapter of the association for computational linguistics: human language technologies, volume 1 (Long and Short Papers). Association for Computational Linguistics, Minneapolis, Minnesota, pp 2937\u20132947","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N19-1301"},{"key":"1737_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu K, Reddy S, Feng Y, Huang S, Zhao D (2016) Question answering on freebase via relation extraction and textual evidence. In: ACL, no. 1, 2016. http:\/\/aclweb.org\/anthology\/P\/P16\/P16-1220.pdf","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P16-1220"},{"key":"1737_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yang S, Han F, Wu Y, Yan X (2016) Fast top-k search in knowledge graphs. In: 2016 IEEE 32nd international conference on data engineering (ICDE). IEEE Computer Society, Los Alamitos, CA, USA, pp 990\u20131001. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICDE.2016.7498307","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDE.2016.7498307"},{"key":"1737_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang S, Jiang Y, Han W, Tu K (2020) Second-order unsupervised neural dependency parsing","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.coling-main.347"},{"key":"1737_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yang Y, Chang MW (2015) S-MART: novel tree-based structured learning algorithms applied to tweet entity linking. In: Proceedings of the 53rd annual meeting of the association for computational linguistics and the 7th international joint conference on natural language processing (volume 1: Long Papers). Association for Computational Linguistics, Beijing, China, pp 504\u2013513. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3115\/v1\/P15-1049","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/P15-1049"},{"key":"1737_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yih Wt, Chang MW, He X, Gao J (2015) Semantic parsing via staged query graph generation: question answering with knowledge base. In: Proceedings of the 53rd annual meeting of the association for computational linguistics and the 7th international joint conference on natural language processing (volume 1: long papers), pp 1321\u20131331","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/P15-1128"},{"key":"1737_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yih Wt, Richardson M, Meek C, Chang MW, Suh J (2016) The value of semantic parse labeling for knowledge base question answering. In: Proceedings of the 54th annual meeting of the association for computational linguistics (volume 2: short papers), pp 201\u2013206","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P16-2033"},{"key":"1737_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yin P, Duan N, Kao B, Bao J, Zhou M (2015) Answering questions with complex semantic constraints on open knowledge bases. In: Proceedings of the 24th acm international on conference on information and knowledge management, pp 1301\u20131310","DOI":"10.1145\/2806416.2806542"},{"key":"1737_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yin W, Ge W, Wang H (2014) Cdqa: an ontology-based question answering system for Chinese delicacy. In: 2014 IEEE 3rd international conference on cloud computing and intelligence systems. IEEE, Shenzhen, China, pp 1\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/CCIS.2014.7175693","DOI":"10.1109\/CCIS.2014.7175693"},{"key":"1737_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yu M, Yin W, Hasan KS, dos Santos CN, Xiang B, Zhou B (2017) Improved neural relation detection for knowledge base question answering. In: ACL, no. 1, pp. 571\u2013581. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18653\/v1\/P17-1053","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P17-1053"},{"key":"1737_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zafar H, Napolitano G, Lehmann J (2018) Formal query generation for question answering over knowledge bases. In: European semantic web conference. Springer, pp 714\u2013728","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-93417-4_46"},{"key":"1737_CR117","unstructured":"Zhang J, Hua Y, Qi G, Qi D (2018) Semantic parsing for multiple-relation Chinese question answering. In: CEUR workshop proceedings, vol 2242, pp 101\u2013106. https:\/\/www.scopus.com"},{"key":"1737_CR118","unstructured":"Zhang L, Winn J, Tomioka R (2016) Gaussian attention model and its application to knowledge base embedding and question answering. arXiv preprint arXiv:1611.02266"},{"key":"1737_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang Q, Tong P, Yao J, Wang X (2020) Mutual relation detection for complex question answering over knowledge graph. In: International conference on database systems for advanced applications. Springer, pp 623\u2013631","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-59416-9_38"},{"key":"1737_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Dai H, Kozareva Z, Smola A, Song L (2018) Variational reasoning for question answering with knowledge graph. In: Proceedings of the AAAI conference on artificial intelligence, vol 32, no. 1, pp 6069\u20136076. https:\/\/ojs.aaai.org\/index.php\/AAAI\/article\/view\/12057","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v32i1.12057"},{"key":"1737_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zheng C, Kordjamshidi P (2020) SRLGRN: semantic role labeling graph reasoning network. In: Proceedings of the 2020 conference on empirical methods in natural language processing (EMNLP). Association for Computational Linguistics, pp 8881\u20138891, Online","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.emnlp-main.714"},{"key":"1737_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zheng W, Yu JX, Zou L, Cheng H (2018) Question answering over knowledge graphs: question understanding via template decomposition. Proc VLDB Endow 11(11):1373\u20131386","DOI":"10.14778\/3236187.3236192"},{"key":"1737_CR123","unstructured":"Zhou M, Huang M, Zhu X (2018) An interpretable reasoning network for multi-relation question answering. In: Proceedings of the 27th international conference on computational linguistics, pp 2010\u20132022"}],"container-title":["Knowledge and Information Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10115-022-01737-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10115-022-01737-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10115-022-01737-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,25]],"date-time":"2023-11-25T23:56:55Z","timestamp":1700956615000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10115-022-01737-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,20]]},"references-count":123,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}},"alternative-id":["1737"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10115-022-01737-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0219-1377","0219-3116"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0219-1377","type":"print"},{"value":"0219-3116","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 May 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 July 2022","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 July 2022","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 August 2022","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}