{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T01:17:29Z","timestamp":1782523049198,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,22]],"date-time":"2019-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1563753600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,22]],"date-time":"2019-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1563753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Univ Access Inf Soc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10209-019-00683-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,22]],"date-time":"2019-07-22T12:02:52Z","timestamp":1563796972000},"page":"633-643","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Using multimodal learning analytics to study collaboration on discussion groups"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Fabian","family":"Riquelme","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Munoz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Mac Lean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodolfo","family":"Villarroel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thiago S.","family":"Barcelos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor Hugo C.","family":"de Albuquerque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"683_CR1","volume-title":"Classroom Assessment: Concepts and Applications","author":"P Airasian","year":"2006","unstructured":"Airasian, P., Gallagher, T., Engemann, J.: Classroom Assessment: Concepts and Applications. McGraw-Hill, New York (2006)"},{"issue":"1","key":"683_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1080\/23265507.2016.1155167","volume":"3","author":"HS Akareem","year":"2016","unstructured":"Akareem, H.S., Hossain, S.S.: Determinants of education quality: What makes students\u2019 perception different? Open Rev. Educ. Res. 3(1), 52\u201367 (2016). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23265507.2016.1155167","journal-title":"Open Rev. Educ. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"683_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.18608\/jla.2016.32.14","volume":"3","author":"A Andrade","year":"2016","unstructured":"Andrade, A., Delandshere, G., Danish, J.A.: Using multimodal learning analytics to model student behavior: a systematic analysis of epistemological framing. J. Learn. Anal. 3(2), 282\u2013306 (2016). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18608\/jla.2016.32.14","journal-title":"J. Learn. Anal."},{"key":"683_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/019263659207654720","volume-title":"Teaching from a Research Knowledge Base: A Development and Renewal Process","author":"JJ Bellon","year":"1992","unstructured":"Bellon, J.J., Bellon, E.C., Blank, M.A.: Teaching from a Research Knowledge Base: A Development and Renewal Process. Merrill, New York (1992)"},{"key":"683_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Blikstein, P.: Multimodal learning analytics. In: Suthers, D., Verbert, K. (eds.) Third Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge, LAK \u201913, Leuven, Belgium, April 8\u201312, 2013, pp. 102\u2013106. ACM (2013). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2460296.2460316","DOI":"10.1145\/2460296.2460316"},{"issue":"2","key":"683_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.18608\/jla.2016.32.11","volume":"3","author":"P Blikstein","year":"2016","unstructured":"Blikstein, P., Worsley, M.: Multimodal learning analytics and education data mining: using computational technologies to measure complex learning tasks. J. Learn. Anal. 3(2), 220\u2013238 (2016). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18608\/jla.2016.32.11","journal-title":"J. Learn. Anal."},{"issue":"2","key":"683_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.18608\/jla.2016.32.13","volume":"3","author":"L Chen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chen, L., Feng, G., Leong, C.W., Joe, J., Kitchen, C., Lee, C.M.: Designing an automated assessment of public speaking skills using multimodal cues. J. Learn. Anal. 3(2), 261\u2013281 (2016). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18608\/jla.2016.32.13","journal-title":"J. Learn. Anal."},{"key":"683_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cukurova, M., Luckin, R., Mavrikis, M., Mill\u00e1n, E.: Machine and human observable differences in groups\u2019 collaborative problem-solving behaviours. In: Lavou\u00e9, \u00c9., Drachsler, H., Verbert, K., Broisin, J., P\u00e9rez-Sanagust\u00edn, M. (eds.) Data Driven Approaches in Digital Education\u201412th European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning, EC-TEL 2017, Tallinn, Estonia, September 12\u201315, 2017, Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 10474, pp. 17\u201329. Springer, (2017). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-66610-5_2","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-66610-5_2"},{"key":"683_CR9","volume-title":"What Do You Mean by Collaborative Learning?","author":"P Dillenbourg","year":"1999","unstructured":"Dillenbourg, P.: What Do You Mean by Collaborative Learning?. Elsevier, Oxford (1999)"},{"issue":"1","key":"683_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tele.2017.09.018","volume":"35","author":"H Elrehail","year":"2018","unstructured":"Elrehail, H., Emeagwali, O.L., Alsaad, A., Alzghoul, A.: The impact of transformational and authentic leadership on innovation in higher education: the contingent role of knowledge sharing. Telemat. Inform. 35(1), 55\u201367 (2018). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tele.2017.09.018","journal-title":"Telemat. Inform."},{"issue":"3","key":"683_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-8733(78)90021-7","volume":"1","author":"L Freeman","year":"1979","unstructured":"Freeman, L.: Centrality in social networks: conceptual clarification. Soc. Netw. 1(3), 215\u2013239 (1979). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0378-8733(78)90021-7","journal-title":"Soc. Netw."},{"key":"683_CR12","volume-title":"The disciplined mind: Beyond facts and standardized tests, the K-12 education that every child deserves","author":"H Gardner","year":"2000","unstructured":"Gardner, H., Gardner, H.: The disciplined mind: Beyond facts and standardized tests, the K-12 education that every child deserves. Penguin books, New York (2000)"},{"issue":"3","key":"683_CR13","first-page":"42","volume":"15","author":"W Greller","year":"2012","unstructured":"Greller, W., Drachsler, H.: Translating learning into numbers: a generic framework for learning analytics. Educ. Technol. Soc. 15(3), 42\u201357 (2012)","journal-title":"Educ. Technol. Soc."},{"key":"683_CR14","unstructured":"Joyce, B.R.: Student Achievement Through Staff Development, 3rd edn. Association for Supervision & Curriculum Development (2002)"},{"issue":"2","key":"683_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tele.2014.09.008","volume":"32","author":"A Klein","year":"2015","unstructured":"Klein, A., Ahlf, H., Sharma, V.: Social activity and structural centrality in online social networks. Telemat. Inform. 32(2), 321\u2013332 (2015). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tele.2014.09.008","journal-title":"Telemat. Inform."},{"issue":"3","key":"683_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1080\/15427951.2004.10129091","volume":"1","author":"AN Langville","year":"2003","unstructured":"Langville, A.N., Meyer, C.D.: Survey: deeper inside pagerank. Internet Math. 1(3), 335\u2013380 (2003). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15427951.2004.10129091","journal-title":"Internet Math."},{"issue":"6","key":"683_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1080\/1360080X.2013.844668","volume":"35","author":"G McDonald","year":"2013","unstructured":"McDonald, G.: Does size matter? The impact of student\u2013staff ratios. J. High. Educ. Policy Manag. 35(6), 652\u2013667 (2013). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/1360080x.2013.844668","journal-title":"J. High. Educ. Policy Manag."},{"key":"683_CR18","unstructured":"Molinero, X., Riquelme, F., Serna, M.J.: Star-shaped mediation in influence games. In: Cornelissen, K., Hoeksma, R., Hurink, J., Manthey, B. (eds.) 12th Cologne-Twente Workshop on Graphs and Combinatorial Optimization, Enschede, Netherlands, May 21\u201323, 2013., CTIT Workshop Proceedings, vol. WP 13\u201301, pp. 179\u2013182 (2013)"},{"key":"683_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Molinero, X., Riquelme, F., Serna, M.J.: Power indices of influence games and new centrality measures for agent societies and social networks. In: Ramos, C., Novais, P., Nihan, C.E., Rodr\u00edguez, J.M.C. (eds.) Ambient Intelligence\u2014Software and Applications\u20145th International Symposium on Ambient Intelligence, ISAmI 2014, Salamanca, Spain, June 4\u20136, 2014, Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol. 291, pp. 23\u201330. Springer (2014). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-07596-9_3","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-07596-9_3"},{"issue":"3","key":"683_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2014.11.006","volume":"242","author":"X Molinero","year":"2015","unstructured":"Molinero, X., Riquelme, F., Serna, M.J.: Cooperation through social influence. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 242(3), 960\u2013974 (2015). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejor.2014.11.006","journal-title":"Eur. J. Oper. Res."},{"key":"683_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.endm.2018.06.034","volume":"68","author":"X Molinero","year":"2018","unstructured":"Molinero, X., Riquelme, F., Serna, M.J.: Satisfaction and power in unanimous majority influence decision models. Electron. Notes Discrete Math. 68, 197\u2013202 (2018). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.endm.2018.06.034","journal-title":"Electron. Notes Discrete Math."},{"issue":"2","key":"683_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1080\/13562511003620001","volume":"15","author":"C Mulryan-Kyne","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mulryan-Kyne, C.: Teaching large classes at college and university level: challenges and opportunities. Teach. High. Educ. 15(2), 175\u2013185 (2010). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13562511003620001","journal-title":"Teach. High. Educ."},{"issue":"2","key":"683_CR23","first-page":"149","volume":"24","author":"R Mu\u00f1oz-Soto","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mu\u00f1oz-Soto, R., Villarroel, R., Barcelos, T.S., Souza, A., Merino, E., Gui\u00f1ez, R., Silva, L.A.: Development of a software that supports multimodal learning analytics: a case study on oral presentations. J. UCS 24(2), 149\u2013170 (2018)","journal-title":"J. UCS"},{"issue":"2","key":"683_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.18608\/jla.2016.32.10","volume":"3","author":"X Ochoa","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ochoa, X., Worsley, M.: Augmenting learning analytics with multimodal sensory data. J. Learn. Anal. 3(2), 213\u2013219 (2016). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18608\/jla.2016.32.10","journal-title":"J. Learn. Anal."},{"issue":"6","key":"683_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1177\/016555150202800601","volume":"28","author":"E Otte","year":"2002","unstructured":"Otte, E., Rousseau, R.: Social network analysis: a powerful strategy, also for the information sciences. J. Inf. Sci. 28(6), 441\u2013453 (2002). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/016555150202800601","journal-title":"J. Inf. Sci."},{"key":"683_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Oviatt, S.: Problem solving, domain expertise and learning. In: Proceedings of the 15th ACM on International conference on multimodal interaction\u2014ICMI \u201913. ACM Press (2013). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2522848.2533791","DOI":"10.1145\/2522848.2533791"},{"key":"683_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Oviatt, S., Cohen, A., Weibel, N.: Multimodal learning analytics. In: Proceedings of the 15th ACM on International conference on multimodal interaction\u2014ICMI 13, pp. 563\u2013568. ACM Press (2013). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2522848.2533790","DOI":"10.1145\/2522848.2533790"},{"issue":"4","key":"683_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1080\/01421590801949966","volume":"30","author":"J Perera","year":"2008","unstructured":"Perera, J., Lee, N., Win, K., Perera, J., Wijesuriya, L.: Formative feedback to students: the mismatch between faculty perceptions and student expectations. Med. Teach. 30(4), 395\u2013399 (2008). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01421590801949966","journal-title":"Med. Teach."},{"issue":"4","key":"683_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tele.2017.09.014","volume":"35","author":"J Picatoste","year":"2018","unstructured":"Picatoste, J., P\u00e9rez-Ortiz, L., Ruesga-Benito, S.M.: A new educational pattern in response to new technologies and sustainable development. Enlightening ICT skills for youth employability in the european union. Telemat. Inform. 35(4), 1031\u20131038 (2018). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tele.2017.09.014","journal-title":"Telemat. Inform."},{"issue":"5","key":"683_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2016.04.003","volume":"52","author":"F Riquelme","year":"2016","unstructured":"Riquelme, F., Cantergiani, P.G.: Measuring user influence on twitter: a survey. Inf. Process. Manag. 52(5), 949\u2013975 (2016). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ipm.2016.04.003","journal-title":"Inf. Process. Manag."},{"key":"683_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Schneider, J., B\u00f6rner, D., van Rosmalen, P., Specht, M.: Do you know what your nonverbal behavior communicates? \u2013 studying a self-reflection module for the presentation trainer. In: Communications in Computer and Information Science, pp. 93\u2013106. Springer International Publishing (2017). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-60633-0_8","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-60633-0_8"},{"key":"683_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4135\/9781529716597","volume-title":"Social Network Analysis","author":"J Scott","year":"2017","unstructured":"Scott, J.: Social Network Analysis, 4th edn. Sage Publications Ltd, New York (2017)","edition":"4"},{"issue":"3","key":"683_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.4018\/IJICTE.2018070108","volume":"14","author":"JC Sedraz-Silva","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sedraz-Silva, J.C., Zambom, E., Lins-Rodrigues, R., Cavalcanti-Ramos, J.L., da Fonseca-de Souza, F.: Effects of learning analytics on students\u2019 self-regulated learning in flipped classroom. IJICTE 14(3), 91\u2013107 (2018). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4018\/IJICTE.2018070108","journal-title":"IJICTE"},{"key":"683_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Siemens, G., Baker, R.S.J.d.: Learning analytics and educational data mining: towards communication and collaboration. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge, LAK \u201912, pp. 252\u2013254. ACM, New York, NY, USA (2012). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2330601.2330661","DOI":"10.1145\/2330601.2330661"},{"key":"683_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tinati, R., Carr, L., Hall, W., Bentwood, J.: Identifying communicator roles in twitter. In: Mille, A., Gandon, F.L., Misselis, J., Rabinovich, M., Staab, S. (eds.) Proceedings of the 21st World Wide Web Conference, WWW 2012, Lyon, France, April 16\u201320, 2012 (Companion Volume), pp. 1161\u20131168. ACM (2012). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2187980.2188256","DOI":"10.1145\/2187980.2188256"},{"issue":"3","key":"683_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.18608\/jla.2016.33.14","volume":"3","author":"C Vieira","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vieira, C., Goldstein, M.H., Purzer, \u015e., Magana, A.J.: Using learning analytics to characterize student experimentation strategies in the context of engineering design. J. Learn. Anal. 3(3), 291\u2013317 (2016). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18608\/jla.2016.33.14","journal-title":"J. Learn. Anal."},{"key":"683_CR37","unstructured":"Worsley, M., Blikstein, P.: Towards the development of learning analytics: Student speech as an automatic and natural form of assessment. In: Annual Meeting of the American Education Research Association (AERA) (2010)"},{"issue":"2","key":"683_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.7771\/2157-9288.1126","volume":"6","author":"M Worsley","year":"2017","unstructured":"Worsley, M., Blikstein, P.: Reasoning strategies in the context of engineering design with everyday materials. J. Pre-Coll. Eng. Educ. Res. (J-PEER) 6(2), 5 (2017). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7771\/2157-9288.1126","journal-title":"J. Pre-Coll. Eng. Educ. Res. (J-PEER)"}],"container-title":["Universal Access in the Information Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10209-019-00683-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10209-019-00683-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10209-019-00683-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,20]],"date-time":"2020-07-20T23:07:10Z","timestamp":1595286430000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10209-019-00683-w"}},"subtitle":["A social network approach"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,22]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}},"alternative-id":["683"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10209-019-00683-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1615-5289","1615-5297"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1615-5289","type":"print"},{"value":"1615-5297","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 July 2019","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}