{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T01:25:27Z","timestamp":1785806727168,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,24]],"date-time":"2022-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658620800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,24]],"date-time":"2022-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658620800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme","award":["824260"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["824260"]}]},{"name":"Institute for Energy Technology"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Inf Syst E-Bus Manage"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The breakthrough of Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLT) has enabled the emergence and implementation of a wide range of digital platforms in Virtual Enterprises (VE) which collaborate to provide digital services. DLT has the potential to revolutionize VE by offering transparent, decentralized, trustworthy, data provenance, reliable, and auditable features. Yet, the full deployment of DLT systems and digital platforms is still limited since some systems are operating in isolation. Hence, DLT interoperability is one of the challenges inhibiting widespread adoption of DLT platforms. DLT interoperability represents the ability for one distributed ledger platform to interact and share data with other legacy digital applications. It is inevitable to orchestrate these digital platforms fragments by introducing a cross-DLT platform integration to govern data usage within VE. Presently, already proposed approaches for DLT interoperability such as naive relay, sidechain, oracle solutions notary scheme, or relay chain are mostly not employed as they are either resource-intensive or too expensive to operate. Therefore, this paper presents a layered architecture that aids interoperability of DLT, and digital platforms based on IOTA Tangle. Design science method is adopted, and case demonstration is carried out to show how IOTA Tangle enable VE to provide an innovative virtual asset payment platform for seamless electric mobility as a service to clients. IOTA was employed as the DLT platform due to its data traceability, immutability, and tamper-proof features which allow for verification of integrity of data. IOTA offers flexibility and performance to support a reliable digital solution. Findings from this study presents a layered architecture that aids IOTA Tangle to make requests, inter-communicate, and share data via RESTful application programming interface as gateway with other external digital platforms deployed by VE to achieve an interoperable eco-system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10257-022-00561-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,24]],"date-time":"2022-07-24T12:02:11Z","timestamp":1658664131000},"page":"685-718","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Exploring interoperability of distributed Ledger and Decentralized Technology adoption in virtual enterprises"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7276-0258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anthony Jnr.","family":"Bokolo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"561_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alkadi R, Alnuaimi N, Shoufan A, Yeun C (2021) Blockchain Interoperability in UAV Networks: State-of-the-art and Open Issues. arXiv preprint arXiv:2111.09529","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3145199"},{"issue":"3","key":"561_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.3390\/fi13030062","volume":"13","author":"C Antal","year":"2021","unstructured":"Antal C, Cioara T, Anghel I, Antal M, Salomie I (2021) Distributed ledger technology review and decentralized applications development guidelines. Future Internet 13(3):62","journal-title":"Future Internet"},{"key":"561_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Anthony Jnr B (2021a) Distributed ledger and decentralised technology adoption for smart digital transition in collaborative enterprise. Enterp Inform Syst 1\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17517575.2021.1989494","DOI":"10.1080\/17517575.2021.1989494"},{"issue":"3","key":"561_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1080\/17517575.2020.1812006","volume":"15","author":"B Anthony Jnr","year":"2021","unstructured":"Anthony Jnr B (2021b) Managing digital transformation of smart cities through enterprise architecture\u2013a review and research agenda. Enterp Inform Syst 15(3):299\u2013331","journal-title":"Enterp Inform Syst"},{"issue":"3","key":"561_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1080\/14786451.2019.1684287","volume":"39","author":"B Anthony Jnr","year":"2020","unstructured":"Anthony Jnr B, Petersen A, Ahlers S, Krogstie J (2020) API deployment for big data management towards sustainable energy prosumption in smart cities-a layered architecture perspective. Int J Sustain Energ 39(3):263\u2013289","journal-title":"Int J Sustain Energ"},{"key":"561_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anthony B, Petersen SA, Helfert M (2020) Digital transformation of virtual enterprises for providing collaborative services in smart cities. In Working Conference on Virtual Enterprises (pp.\u00a0249\u2013260). Springer, Cham","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-62412-5_21"},{"issue":"1","key":"561_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s42162-018-0066-7","volume":"2","author":"B Anthony","year":"2019","unstructured":"Anthony B, Petersen SA, Ahlers D, Krogstie J, Livik K (2019) Big data-oriented energy prosumption service in smart community districts: a multi-case study perspective. Energy Inf 2(1):1\u201326","journal-title":"Energy Inf"},{"key":"561_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Asante M, Epiphaniou G, Maple C, Al-Khateeb H, Bottarelli M, Ghafoor KZ(2021) Distributed Ledger Technologies in Supply Chain Security Management: A Comprehensive Survey.IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management","DOI":"10.1109\/TEM.2021.3053655"},{"key":"561_CR9","unstructured":"Back A, Corallo M, Dashjr L, Friedenbach M, Maxwell G, Miller A, Wuille P (2014) Enabling blockchain innovations with pegged sidechains. URL: http:\/\/www.opensciencereview\/papers\/123\/enablingblockchain-innovations-with-pegged-sidechains,72."},{"issue":"10","key":"561_CR10","first-page":"1","volume":"19","author":"R Beck","year":"2018","unstructured":"Beck R, M\u00fcller-Bloch C, King JL (2018) Governance in the blockchain economy: A framework and research agenda. J Association Inform Syst 19(10):1","journal-title":"J Association Inform Syst"},{"key":"561_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2021.11.004","volume":"129","author":"R Belchior","year":"2022","unstructured":"Belchior R, Vasconcelos A, Correia M, Hardjono T (2022) Hermes: Fault-tolerant middleware for blockchain interoperability. Future Generation Computer Systems 129:236\u2013251","journal-title":"Future Generation Computer Systems"},{"issue":"8","key":"561_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3471140","volume":"54","author":"R Belchior","year":"2021","unstructured":"Belchior R, Vasconcelos A, Guerreiro S, Correia M (2021) A survey on blockchain interoperability: Past, present, and future trends. ACM Comput Surv (CSUR) 54(8):1\u201341","journal-title":"ACM Comput Surv (CSUR)"},{"key":"561_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Biswas S, Li F, Latif Z, Sharif K, Bairagi AK, Mohanty SP(2021) GlobeChain: An Interoperable Blockchain for Global Sharing of Healthcare Data-A COVID-19 Perspective.IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine","DOI":"10.1109\/MCE.2021.3074688"},{"issue":"5","key":"561_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1007\/s10845-007-0063-3","volume":"18","author":"LM Camarinha-Matos","year":"2007","unstructured":"Camarinha-Matos LM, Afsarmanesh H (2007) A comprehensive modeling framework for collaborative networked organizations. J Intell Manuf 18(5):529\u2013542","journal-title":"J Intell Manuf"},{"issue":"1","key":"561_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2008.11.024","volume":"57","author":"LM Camarinha-Matos","year":"2009","unstructured":"Camarinha-Matos LM, Afsarmanesh H, Galeano N, Molina A (2009) Collaborative networked organizations\u2013Concepts and practice in manufacturing enterprises. Comput Ind Eng 57(1):46\u201360","journal-title":"Comput Ind Eng"},{"key":"561_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cardoso HL, Oliveira E (2004) Virtual enterprise normative framework within electronic institutions. In International Workshop on Engineering Societies in the Agents World (pp.\u00a014\u201332). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg","DOI":"10.1007\/11423355_2"},{"key":"561_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen S, Liu X, Yan J, Hu G, Shi Y(2020) Processes, benefits, and challenges for adoption of blockchain technologies in food supply chains: a thematic analysis.Information Systems and e-Business Management,1\u201327","DOI":"10.1007\/s10257-020-00467-3"},{"key":"561_CR18","unstructured":"Christodorescu M, English E, Gu WC, Kreissman D, Kumaresan R, Minaei M, Zamani M (2021) Universal Payment Channels: An Interoperability Platform for Digital Currencies. arXiv preprint arXiv:2109.12194"},{"key":"561_CR19","unstructured":"Churyumov A (2016) Byteball: A decentralized system for storage and transfer of value. URL https:\/\/byteball. org\/Byteball. pdf"},{"key":"561_CR20","unstructured":"Dima SM, Hasikos A, Kampakis S, Mourouzis T, Papageorgiou A (2021) Hygiea: A secure, smart, privacy-preserving and interoperable Blockchain solution for the Covid-19 pandemic. arXiv preprint arXiv:2107.09926"},{"key":"561_CR21","unstructured":"Dinh TTA, Datta A, Ooi BC (2019) A Blueprint for Interoperable Blockchains. arXiv preprint arXiv:1910.00985"},{"key":"561_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Domalis G, Karacapilidis N, Tsakalidis D, Giannaros A (2021) A trustable and interoperable decentralized solution for citizen-centric and cross-border eGovernance: A conceptual approach. arXiv preprint arXiv:2103.15458","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-84789-0_19"},{"key":"561_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102936","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2020.102936","volume":"177","author":"B Farahani","year":"2021","unstructured":"Farahani B, Firouzi F, Luecking M (2021) The convergence of IoT and distributed ledger technologies (DLT): Opportunities, challenges, and solutions. J Netw Comput Appl 177:102936","journal-title":"J Netw Comput Appl"},{"key":"561_CR24","unstructured":"Fielding RT (2000) REST: architectural styles and the design of network-based software architectures. Doctoral dissertation, University of California"},{"key":"561_CR25","unstructured":"Ghaemi S, Rouhani S, Belchior R, Cruz RS, Khazaei H, Musilek P (2021) A pub-sub architecture to promote blockchain interoperability. arXiv preprint arXiv:2101.12331"},{"key":"561_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ghosh BC, Bhartia T, Addya SK, Chakraborty S (2021) Leveraging Public-Private Blockchain Interoperability for Closed Consortium Interfacing. arXiv preprint arXiv:2104.09801","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM42981.2021.9488683"},{"issue":"4","key":"561_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1109\/TEM.2019.2920154","volume":"67","author":"T Hardjono","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hardjono T, Lipton A, Pentland A (2019) Toward an interoperability architecture for blockchain autonomous systems. IEEE Trans Eng Manage 67(4):1298\u20131309","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Eng Manage"},{"issue":"7","key":"561_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.3390\/computers10070089","volume":"10","author":"A Henninger","year":"2021","unstructured":"Henninger A, Mashatan A (2021) Distributed Interoperable Records: The Key to Better Supply Chain Management. Computers 10(7):89","journal-title":"Computers"},{"key":"561_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hevner AR, March ST, Park J, Ram S(2004) Design science in information systems research.MIS quarterly,75\u2013105","DOI":"10.2307\/25148625"},{"key":"561_CR30","unstructured":"Hewett N, van Gogh M, Palinczki L (2020) Inclusive Deployment of Blockchain for Supply Chains: Part 6\u2013A Framework for Blockchain Interoperability. In Geneva, Switzerland: World Economic Forum"},{"key":"561_CR31","unstructured":"IOTA (2022) SMART CITIES Opening Data for Smarter Communities. Online Retrieved from https:\/\/www.iota.org\/solutions\/smart-city"},{"issue":"5","key":"561_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1080\/17517575.2020.1829075","volume":"15","author":"A Jnr","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jnr A, Petersen A (2021) Examining the digitalisation of virtual enterprises amidst the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic and meta-analysis. Enterp Inform Syst 15(5):617\u2013650","journal-title":"Enterp Inform Syst"},{"key":"561_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techsoc.2020.101301","volume":"62","author":"BA Jnr","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jnr BA (2020a) Examining the role of green IT\/IS innovation in collaborative enterprise-implications in an emerging economy. Technol Soc 62:101301","journal-title":"Technol Soc"},{"issue":"2","key":"561_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4018\/IJSESD.2020040101","volume":"11","author":"BA Jnr","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jnr BA (2020b) A holistic study on green it\/IS practices in ICT departments of collaborative enterprise: a managerial and practitioners perspective. Int J Social Ecol Sustainable Dev (IJSESD) 11(2):1\u201326","journal-title":"Int J Social Ecol Sustainable Dev (IJSESD)"},{"key":"561_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101555","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jengtecman.2020.101555","volume":"55","author":"BA Jnr","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jnr BA, Majid MA, Romli A (2020a) A generic study on Green IT\/IS practice development in collaborative enterprise: Insights from a developing country. J Eng Tech Manage 55:101555","journal-title":"J Eng Tech Manage"},{"issue":"5","key":"561_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1108\/IJESM-08-2019-0001","volume":"14","author":"BA Jnr","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jnr BA, Petersen SA, Ahlers D, Krogstie J (2020b) Big data driven multi-tier architecture for electric mobility as a service in smart cities: A design science approach. Int J Energy Sect Manage 14(5):1023\u20131047","journal-title":"Int J Energy Sect Manage"},{"issue":"4","key":"561_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1108\/ITP-07-2020-0511","volume":"34","author":"BA Jnr","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jnr BA, Petersen SA, Helfert M, Ahlers D, Krogstie J (2021) Modeling pervasive platforms and digital services for smart urban transformation using an enterprise architecture framework. Inform Technol People 34(4):1285\u20131312","journal-title":"Inform Technol People"},{"key":"561_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karoudis K, Magoulas G(2018) User model interoperability in education: sharing learner data using the experience API and distributed ledger technology. In: Khan, B.H. and Corbeil, J.R. and Corbeil, M.E. (eds.) Responsible Analytics and Data Mining in Education. Abingdon, UK: Routledge. ISBN 9781138305885","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203728703-12"},{"key":"561_CR39","unstructured":"Kazemi M, Yazdinejad A(2021) Towards Automated Benchmark Support for Multi-Blockchain Interoperability-Facilitating Platforms. arXiv preprint arXiv:2103.03866"},{"key":"561_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101079","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmcj.2019.101079","volume":"59","author":"T Koens","year":"2019","unstructured":"Koens T, Poll E (2019) Assessing interoperability solutions for distributed ledgers. Pervasive Mob Comput 59:101079","journal-title":"Pervasive Mob Comput"},{"key":"561_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lai JY, Wang J, Chiu YH(2021) Evaluating blockchain technology for reducing supply chain risks.Information Systems and e-Business Management,1\u201323","DOI":"10.1007\/s10257-021-00533-4"},{"key":"561_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lan Y, Gao J, Wang K, Zhang J, Wu Z, Zhu Y, Chen Z(2021) TrustCross: Enabling Confidential Interoperability across Blockchains Using Trusted Hardware. arXiv preprint arXiv:2103.13809","DOI":"10.1145\/3510487.3510491"},{"issue":"11","key":"561_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.2018.2876184","volume":"51","author":"C Lima","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lima C (2018) Developing open and interoperable dlt\\\/blockchain standards [standards]. Computer 51(11):106\u2013111","journal-title":"Computer"},{"key":"561_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lima V, Bernardi F, Rijo R, Ueyama J, Alves D (2021) A Mechanism for Verifying the Integrity and Immutability of Tuberculosis Data Using IOTA Distributed Ledger Technology. Navigating Healthcare Through Challenging Times. IOS Press, pp 130\u2013135","DOI":"10.3233\/SHTI210099"},{"key":"561_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lipton A, Hardjono T(2021) Blockchain Intra-and Interoperability. Innovative Technology at the Interface of Finance and Operations. Springer","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-81945-3_1"},{"issue":"7","key":"561_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3460287","volume":"54","author":"A Lohachab","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lohachab A, Garg S, Kang B, Amin MB, Lee J, Chen S, Xu X (2021) Towards interconnected blockchains: A comprehensive review of the role of interoperability among disparate blockchains. ACM Comput Surv (CSUR) 54(7):1\u201339","journal-title":"ACM Comput Surv (CSUR)"},{"issue":"2","key":"561_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.2020.1379","volume":"32","author":"F Lumineau","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lumineau F, Wang W, Schilke O (2021) Blockchain governance\u2014A new way of organizing collaborations? Organ Sci 32(2):500\u2013521","journal-title":"Organ Sci"},{"key":"561_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87777","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3089603","volume":"9","author":"M Madine","year":"2021","unstructured":"Madine M, Salah K, Jayaraman R, Al-Hammadi Y, Arshad J, Yaqoob I (2021) appXchain: Application-Level Interoperability for Blockchain Networks. IEEE Access 9:87777\u201387791","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"561_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Margaria T, Chaudhary HAA, Guevara I, Ryan S, Schieweck A(2021), October The interoperability challenge: building a model-driven digital thread platform for CPS. In International Symposium on Leveraging Applications of Formal Methods (pp.\u00a0393\u2013413). Springer, Cham","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-89159-6_25"},{"issue":"1","key":"561_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s10257-020-00476-2","volume":"19","author":"P Meier","year":"2021","unstructured":"Meier P, Beinke JH, Fitte C, Teuteberg F (2021) Generating design knowledge for blockchain-based access control to personal health records. IseB 19(1):13\u201341","journal-title":"IseB"},{"issue":"3","key":"561_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.2753\/MIS0742-1222240302","volume":"24","author":"K Peffers","year":"2007","unstructured":"Peffers K, Tuunanen T, Rothenberger MA, Chatterjee S (2007) A design science research methodology for information systems research. J Manage Inform Syst 24(3):45\u201377","journal-title":"J Manage Inform Syst"},{"issue":"1","key":"561_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1080\/10580530.2020.1720046","volume":"38","author":"RV Pelt","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pelt RV, Jansen S, Baars D, Overbeek S (2021) Defining blockchain governance: a framework for analysis and comparison. Inform Syst Manage 38(1):21\u201341","journal-title":"Inform Syst Manage"},{"key":"561_CR53","unstructured":"Petersen SA, Bokolo AJ, Ahlers D, Shams A, Helfert M, Alloush I, Pourzolfaghar Z(2021) D1.2: Report on the Architecture for the ICT Ecosystem. Retrieved online from https:\/\/cityxchange.eu\/knowledge-base\/d1-2-report-on-the-architecture-for-the-ict-ecosystem\/"},{"key":"561_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prada-Delgado MA, Dittmann G, Circiumaru I, Jelitto J(2021) A blockchain-based crypto-anchor platform for interoperable product authentication. In 2021 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS) (pp.\u00a01\u20135). IEEE","DOI":"10.1109\/ISCAS51556.2021.9401582"},{"key":"561_CR55","unstructured":"Rajnak V, Puschmann T(2020) The impact of blockchain on business models in banking.Information Systems and e-Business Management,1\u201353"},{"key":"561_CR56","unstructured":"Skoglund TR, Main D, Eljueidi M, Nati M(2020) D2.5: Seamless eMobility system including user interface. https:\/\/cityxchange.eu\/knowledge-base\/d2-5-seamless-emobility-system-including-user-interface\/"},{"key":"561_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sober M, Scaffino G, Spanring C, Schulte S(2021) A Voting-Based Blockchain Interoperability Oracle. arXiv preprint arXiv:2111.10091","DOI":"10.1109\/Blockchain53845.2021.00030"},{"issue":"6","key":"561_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102724","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2021.102724","volume":"58","author":"A Tenorio-Fornes","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tenorio-Fornes A, Tirador EP, Sanchez-Ruiz AA, Hassan S (2021) Decentralizing science: Towards an interoperable open peer review ecosystem using blockchain. Inf Process Manag 58(6):102724","journal-title":"Inf Process Manag"},{"issue":"2","key":"561_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1007\/s12525-020-00396-6","volume":"30","author":"S T\u00f6nnissen","year":"2020","unstructured":"T\u00f6nnissen S, Beinke JH, Teuteberg F (2020) Understanding token-based ecosystems-a taxonomy of blockchain-based business models of start-ups. Electron Markets 30(2):307\u2013323","journal-title":"Electron Markets"},{"key":"561_CR60","unstructured":"Wang G(2021) SoK: Exploring Blockchains Interoperability. IACR Cryptol. ePrint Arch., 2021, 537"},{"key":"561_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang G, Nixon M (2021) InterTrust: Towards an Efficient Blockchain Interoperability Architecture with Trusted Services. Cryptology ePrint Archive","DOI":"10.1109\/Blockchain53845.2021.00029"},{"issue":"1","key":"561_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1145\/234313.234424","volume":"28","author":"P Wegner","year":"1996","unstructured":"Wegner P (1996) Interoperability. ACM Comput Surv (CSUR) 28(1):285\u2013287","journal-title":"ACM Comput Surv (CSUR)"}],"container-title":["Information Systems and e-Business Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10257-022-00561-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10257-022-00561-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10257-022-00561-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]],"date-time":"2022-12-07T04:46:41Z","timestamp":1670388401000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10257-022-00561-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,24]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["561"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10257-022-00561-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1617-9846","1617-9854"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1617-9846","type":"print"},{"value":"1617-9854","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 August 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 February 2022","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 May 2022","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 July 2022","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}