{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T12:43:40Z","timestamp":1740141820812,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":119,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]],"date-time":"2021-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609804800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]],"date-time":"2021-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Softw Syst Model"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10270-020-00840-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]],"date-time":"2021-01-05T08:03:21Z","timestamp":1609833801000},"page":"1079-1122","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["CHECKSUM: tracking changes and measuring contributions in cooperative systems modeling"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3390-2855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierre A.","family":"Akiki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hoda W.","family":"Maalouf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"840_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2017.10.017","volume":"135","author":"PA Akiki","year":"2018","unstructured":"Akiki, P.A.: CHAIN: developing model-driven contextual help for adaptive user interfaces. J. Syst. Softw. 135, 165\u2013190 (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jss.2017.10.017","journal-title":"J. Syst. Softw."},{"key":"840_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-sen.2018.5163","volume":"13","author":"PA Akiki","year":"2019","unstructured":"Akiki, P.A.: Generating contextual help for user interfaces from software requirements. IET Softw. 13, 75\u201385 (2019)","journal-title":"IET Softw."},{"key":"840_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Akiki, P.A., Bandara, A.K., Yu, Y.: Cedar studio: an IDE supporting adaptive model-driven user interfaces for enterprise applications. In: Proceedings of the 5th ACM SIGCHI Symposium on Engineering Interactive Computing Systems, pp. 139\u2013144. ACM, London (2013)","DOI":"10.1145\/2494603.2480332"},{"key":"840_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Akiki, P.A., Bandara, A.K., Yu, Y.: Integrating adaptive user interface capabilities in enterprise applications. In: Proceedings of the 36th International Conference on Software Engineering, pp. 712\u2013723. IEEE\/ACM, Hyderabad (2014)","DOI":"10.1145\/2568225.2568230"},{"key":"840_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1118","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2016.2553035","volume":"42","author":"PA Akiki","year":"2016","unstructured":"Akiki, P.A., Bandara, A.K., Yu, Y.: Engineering adaptive model-driven user interfaces. IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng. 42, 1118\u20131147 (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TSE.2016.2553035","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng."},{"key":"840_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10:1","DOI":"10.1145\/3057857","volume":"24","author":"PA Akiki","year":"2017","unstructured":"Akiki, P.A., Bandara, A.K., Yu, Y.: Visual simple transformations: empowering end-users to wire internet of things objects. ACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact. 24, 10:1-10:43 (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3057857","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact."},{"key":"840_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arazy, O., Stroulia, E.: A utility for estimating the relative contributions of wiki authors. In: Third International AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media (2009)","DOI":"10.1609\/icwsm.v3i1.13962"},{"key":"840_CR8","unstructured":"Azevedo, D., Janeiro, J., Lukosch, S., Briggsc, R.O., Fonsecaa, B.: An integrative approach to diagram-based collaborative brainstorming. In: Proceedings of the ECSCW 2011 Workshop on Collaborative Usage and Development of Models and Visualizations (2011)"},{"key":"840_CR9","volume-title":"Visual Models for Software Requirements","author":"J Beatty","year":"2012","unstructured":"Beatty, J., Chen, A.: Visual Models for Software Requirements. Microsoft Press, Redmond (2012)"},{"key":"840_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-04425-0_13","volume-title":"Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems","author":"L Bendix","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bendix, L., Emanuelsson, P.: Requirements for practical model merge\u2014an industrial perspective. In: Sch\u00fcrr, A., Selic, B. (eds.) Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems, pp. 167\u2013180. Springer, Berlin (2009)"},{"key":"840_CR11","first-page":"8","volume":"2003","author":"J Benedek","year":"2002","unstructured":"Benedek, J., Miner, T.: Measuring desirability: new methods for evaluating desirability in a usability lab setting. Proc. Usability Prof. Assoc. 2003, 8\u201312 (2002)","journal-title":"Proc. Usability Prof. Assoc."},{"key":"840_CR12","unstructured":"Berliner, B., et al.: CVS II: parallelizing software development. In: Proceedings of the USENIX Winter 1990 Technical Conference, p. 352 (1990)"},{"key":"840_CR13","unstructured":"Bezivin, J., Gerbe, O.: Towards a precise definition of the OMG\/MDA framework. In: Proceedings 16th Annual International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE 2001), pp. 273\u2013280 (2001)"},{"key":"840_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-45848-4_59","volume-title":"Graph Drawing","author":"U Brandes","year":"2002","unstructured":"Brandes, U., Eiglsperger, M., Herman, I., Himsolt, M., Marshall, M.S.: GraphML progress report structural layer proposal. In: Mutzel, P., J\u00fcnger, M., Leipert, S. (eds.) Graph Drawing, pp. 501\u2013512. Springer, Berlin (2002)"},{"key":"840_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2-1","DOI":"10.5381\/jot.2012.11.3.a2","volume":"11","author":"P Brosch","year":"2012","unstructured":"Brosch, P., Seidl, M., Wimmer, M., Kappel, G.: Conflict visualization for evolving UML models. J. Object Technol. 11, 2\u20131 (2012)","journal-title":"J. Object Technol."},{"key":"840_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/S0953-5438(03)00010-9","volume":"15","author":"G Calvary","year":"2003","unstructured":"Calvary, G., Coutaz, J., Thevenin, D., Limbourg, Q., Bouillon, L., Vanderdonckt, J.: A unifying reference framework for multi-target user interfaces. Interact. Comput. 15, 289\u2013308 (2003). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0953-5438(03)00010-9","journal-title":"Interact. Comput."},{"key":"840_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1145\/320434.320440","volume":"1","author":"PP-S Chen","year":"1976","unstructured":"Chen, P.P.-S.: The entity-relationship model\u2014toward a unified view of data. ACM Trans. Database Syst. 1, 9\u201336 (1976). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/320434.320440","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Database Syst."},{"key":"840_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Clarke, D., Helvensteijn, M., Schaefer, I.: Abstract delta modeling. In: Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Generative Programming and Component Engineering, pp. 13\u201322. Association for Computing Machinery, New York (2010)","DOI":"10.1145\/1868294.1868298"},{"key":"840_CR19","volume-title":"Database Systems: A Practical Approach to Design, Implementation, and Management","author":"T Connolly","year":"2014","unstructured":"Connolly, T., Begg, C.: Database Systems: A Practical Approach to Design, Implementation, and Management, 6th edn. Pearson, London (2014)","edition":"6"},{"key":"840_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dadgari, D., Stuerzlinger, W.: Novel user interfaces for diagram versioning and differencing. In: Proceedings of the 24th BCS Interaction Specialist Group Conference, pp. 62\u201371. British Computer Society, Swinton (2010)","DOI":"10.14236\/ewic\/HCI2010.10"},{"key":"840_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvlc.2014.03.005","volume":"25","author":"J Danado","year":"2014","unstructured":"Danado, J., Patern\u00f2, F.: Puzzle: a mobile application development environment using a jigsaw metaphor. J. Vis. Lang. Comput. 25, 297\u2013315 (2014)","journal-title":"J. Vis. Lang. Comput."},{"key":"840_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-6423(93)90021-G","volume":"20","author":"A Dardenne","year":"1993","unstructured":"Dardenne, A., van Lamsweerde, A., Fickas, S.: Goal-directed requirements acquisition. Sci. Comput. Program. 20, 3\u201350 (1993). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0167-6423(93)90021-G","journal-title":"Sci. Comput. Program."},{"key":"840_CR23","first-page":"255","volume-title":"Pioneers and Their Contributions to Software Engineering: sd&m Conference on Software Pioneers, Bonn, June 28\/29, 2001, Original Historic Contributions","author":"T DeMarco","year":"2001","unstructured":"DeMarco, T.: Structure analysis and system specification. In: Broy, M., Denert, E. (eds.) Pioneers and Their Contributions to Software Engineering: sd&m Conference on Software Pioneers, Bonn, June 28\/29, 2001, Original Historic Contributions, pp. 255\u2013288. Springer, Berlin (2001)"},{"key":"840_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ding, X., Danis, C., Erickson, T., Kellogg, W.A.: Visualizing an enterprise wiki. In: CHI \u201907 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 2189\u20132194. ACM, New York (2007)","DOI":"10.1145\/1240866.1240978"},{"key":"840_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5210\/fm.v13i10.2217","author":"K Ehmann","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ehmann, K., Large, A., Beheshti, J.: Collaboration in context: comparing article evolution among subject disciplines in Wikipedia. First Monday (2008). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5210\/fm.v13i10.2217","journal-title":"First Monday"},{"key":"840_CR26","volume-title":"Fundamentals of Database Systems","author":"R Elmasri","year":"2015","unstructured":"Elmasri, R., Navathe, S.B.: Fundamentals of Database Systems, 7th edn. Pearson, London (2015)","edition":"7"},{"key":"840_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elsden, C., Manohar, A., Briggs, J., Harding, M., Speed, C., Vines, J.: Making sense of blockchain applications: a typology for HCI. In: Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 458:1\u2013458:14. ACM, New York (2018)","DOI":"10.1145\/3173574.3174032"},{"key":"840_CR28","unstructured":"Favre, J.-M.: Towards a basic theory to model model driven engineering. In: 3rd Workshop in Software Model Engineering (WiSME), pp. 262\u2013271. Springer, Berlin (2004)"},{"key":"840_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fl\u00f6ck, F., Acosta, M.: WikiWho: precise and efficient attribution of authorship of revisioned content. In: Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 843\u2013854. ACM, New York (2014)","DOI":"10.1145\/2566486.2568026"},{"key":"840_CR30","unstructured":"F\u00f6rtsch, S., Westfechtel, B.: Differencing and merging of software diagrams\u2014state of the art and challenges. In: ICSOFT 2007\u20142nd International Conference on Software and Data Technologies, Proceedings, pp. 90\u201399 (2007)"},{"key":"840_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Foth, M.: The promise of blockchain technology for interaction design. In: Proceedings of the 29th Australian Conference on Computer\u2013Human Interaction, pp. 513\u2013517. ACM, New York (2017)","DOI":"10.1145\/3152771.3156168"},{"key":"840_CR32","volume-title":"UML Distilled: A Brief Guide to the Standard Object Modeling Language","author":"M Fowler","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fowler, M.: UML Distilled: A Brief Guide to the Standard Object Modeling Language, 3rd edn. Addison-Wesley Professional, Boston (2004)","edition":"3"},{"key":"840_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-35349-4_9","volume-title":"Engineering for Human\u2013Computer Interaction","author":"F Garc\u00eda","year":"1999","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda, F., Contreras, J., Rodr\u00edguez, P., Moriy\u00f3n, R.: Help generation for task based applications with HATS. In: Chatty, S., Dewan, P. (eds.) Engineering for Human\u2013Computer Interaction, pp. 149\u2013167. Springer, Boston (1999)"},{"key":"840_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gousios, G., Kalliamvakou, E., Spinellis, D.: Measuring developer contribution from software repository data. In: Proceedings of the 2008 International Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories, pp. 129\u2013132. Association for Computing Machinery, New York (2008)","DOI":"10.1145\/1370750.1370781"},{"key":"840_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1006\/jvlc.1996.0009","volume":"7","author":"TRG Green","year":"1996","unstructured":"Green, T.R.G., Petre, M.: Usability analysis of visual programming environments: a \u2018cognitive dimensions\u2019 framework. J. Vis. Lang. Comput. 7, 131\u2013174 (1996)","journal-title":"J. Vis. Lang. Comput."},{"key":"840_CR36","volume-title":"Concurrent Versions System: A Method for Independent Cooperation","author":"D Grune","year":"1986","unstructured":"Grune, D.: Concurrent Versions System: A Method for Independent Cooperation. Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam (1986)"},{"key":"840_CR37","unstructured":"Himsolt, M.: GML: a portable graph file format. Technical report, Universitat Passau (1997)"},{"key":"840_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-73257-0_40","volume-title":"Online Communities and Social Computing","author":"B Hoisl","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hoisl, B., Aigner, W., Miksch, S.: Social rewarding in wiki systems\u2014motivating the community. In: Schuler, D. (ed.) Online Communities and Social Computing, pp. 362\u2013371. Springer, Berlin (2007)"},{"key":"840_CR39","volume-title":"Problem Frames: Analysing and Structuring Software Development Problems","author":"M Jackson","year":"2001","unstructured":"Jackson, M.: Problem Frames: Analysing and Structuring Software Development Problems. Addison-Wesley, New York (2001)"},{"key":"840_CR40","volume-title":"MDA Explained: The Model Driven Architecture: Practice and Promise","author":"AG Kleppe","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kleppe, A.G., Warmer, J., Warmer, J.B., Bast, W.: MDA Explained: The Model Driven Architecture: Practice and Promise. Addison-Wesley Professional, Boston (2003)"},{"key":"840_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1108\/14684520610675780","volume":"30","author":"NT Korfiatis","year":"2006","unstructured":"Korfiatis, N.T., Poulos, M., Bokos, G.: Evaluating authoritative sources using social networks: an insight from Wikipedia. Online Inf. Rev. 30, 252\u2013262 (2006). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/14684520610675780","journal-title":"Online Inf. Rev."},{"key":"840_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9:1","DOI":"10.1145\/2560016","volume":"21","author":"SK Kuttal","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kuttal, S.K., Sarma, A., Rothermel, G.: On the benefits of providing versioning support for end users: an empirical study. ACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact. 21, 9:1-9:43 (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2560016","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact."},{"key":"840_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-55699-4_34","volume-title":"Database Systems for Advanced Applications","author":"Y Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li, Y., Zheng, K., Yan, Y., Liu, Q., Zhou, X.: EtherQL: a query layer for blockchain system. In: Candan, S., Chen, L., Pedersen, T.B., Chang, L., Hua, W. (eds.) Database Systems for Advanced Applications, pp. 556\u2013567. Springer, Cham (2017)"},{"key":"840_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1057\/palgrave.ejis.3000685","volume":"16","author":"Y Lin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lin, Y., Gray, J., Jouault, F.: DSMDiff: a differentiation tool for domain-specific models. Eur. J. Inf. Syst. 16, 349\u2013361 (2007). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1057\/palgrave.ejis.3000685","journal-title":"Eur. J. Inf. Syst."},{"key":"840_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, S., Zheng, Y., Shen, H., Xia, S., Sun, C.: Real-time collaborative software modeling using UML with rational software architect. In: 2006 International Conference on Collaborative Computing: Networking, Applications and Worksharing, pp. 1\u20139 (2006)","DOI":"10.1109\/COLCOM.2006.361897"},{"key":"840_CR46","first-page":"16:1","volume":"10","author":"J Maloney","year":"2010","unstructured":"Maloney, J., Resnick, M., Rusk, N., Silverman, B., Eastmond, E.: The scratch programming language and environment. ACM Trans. Comput. Educ. TOCE 10, 16:1-16:15 (2010)","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Comput. Educ. TOCE"},{"key":"840_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1007\/s10270-016-0552-y","volume":"17","author":"S Maoz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Maoz, S., Ringert, J.O.: A framework for relating syntactic and semantic model differences. Softw. Syst. Model. 17, 753\u2013777 (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10270-016-0552-y","journal-title":"Softw. Syst. Model."},{"key":"840_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maoz, S., Ringert, J.O., Rumpe, B.: ADDiff: semantic differencing for activity diagrams. In: Proceedings of the 19th ACM SIGSOFT Symposium and the 13th European Conference on Foundations of Software Engineering, pp. 179\u2013189. ACM, New York (2011)","DOI":"10.1145\/2025113.2025140"},{"key":"840_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mehra, A., Grundy, J., Hosking, J.: A generic approach to supporting diagram differencing and merging for collaborative design. In: Proceedings of the 20th IEEE\/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering, pp. 204\u2013213. ACM, New York (2005)","DOI":"10.1145\/1101908.1101940"},{"key":"840_CR50","unstructured":"Microsoft: Windows Workflow Foundation (2017). https:\/\/docs.microsoft.com\/en-us\/dotnet\/framework\/windows-workflow-foundation\/. Accessed 7 Sept. 2019"},{"key":"840_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1007\/s10270-013-0378-9","volume":"14","author":"V Milovanovic","year":"2015","unstructured":"Milovanovic, V., Milicev, D.: An interactive tool for UML class model evolution in database applications. Softw. Syst. Model. 14, 1273\u20131295 (2015). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10270-013-0378-9","journal-title":"Softw. Syst. Model."},{"key":"840_CR52","unstructured":"Nakamoto, S., et al.: Bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system (2008)"},{"key":"840_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2011.112","volume":"38","author":"S Nejati","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nejati, S., Sabetzadeh, M., Chechik, M., Easterbrook, S., Zave, P.: Matching and merging of variant feature specifications. IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng. 38, 1355\u20131375 (2012). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TSE.2011.112","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng."},{"key":"840_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-00593-0_31","volume-title":"Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering","author":"HA Nguyen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Nguyen, H.A., Nguyen, T.T., Pham, N.H., Al-Kofahi, J.M., Nguyen, T.N.: Accurate and efficient structural characteristic feature extraction for clone detection. In: Chechik, M., Wirsing, M. (eds.) Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering, pp. 440\u2013455. Springer, Berlin (2009)"},{"key":"840_CR55","unstructured":"Zhu, N., Grundy, J., Hosking, J.: Pounamu: a meta-yool for multi-view visual language environment construction. In: 2004 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages\u2014Human Centric Computing, pp. 254\u2013256 (2004)"},{"key":"840_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compeleceng.2019.03.014","volume":"76","author":"N Nizamuddin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nizamuddin, N., Salah, K., Azad, M.A., Arshad, J., Rehman, M.H.: Decentralized document version control using ethereum blockchain and IPFS. Comput. Electr. Eng. 76, 183\u2013197 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compeleceng.2019.03.014","journal-title":"Comput. Electr. Eng."},{"key":"840_CR57","first-page":"29","volume":"9","author":"CB Obeo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Obeo, C.B., Pierantonio, F.A.: Model differences in the eclipse modelling framework. Eur. J. Inform. Prof. 9, 29\u201334 (2008)","journal-title":"Eur. J. Inform. Prof."},{"key":"840_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Olsen Jr., D.R.: Evaluating user interface systems research. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGCHI Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, pp. 251\u2013258. ACM, Newport (2007)","DOI":"10.1145\/1294211.1294256"},{"key":"840_CR59","unstructured":"OMG Object Management Group Terms and Acronyms. https:\/\/www.omg.org\/gettingstarted\/terms_and_acronyms.htm. Accessed 14 Sept. 2019"},{"key":"840_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Parizi, R.M., Spoletini, P., Singh, A.: Measuring team members\u2019 contributions in software engineering projects using git-driven technology. In: 2018 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE), pp. 1\u20135 (2018)","DOI":"10.1109\/FIE.2018.8658983"},{"key":"840_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pasternak, E., Fenichel, R., Marshall, A.N.: Tips for Creating a Block language with Blockly. In: Blocks and Beyond Workshop (B&B), 2017 IEEE. IEEE, pp. 21\u201324 (2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/BLOCKS.2017.8120404"},{"key":"840_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Patern\u00f2, F., Mancini, C., Meniconi, S.: ConcurTaskTrees: a diagrammatic notation for specifying task models. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Human\u2013Computer Interaction, pp. 362\u2013369. Chapman and Hall, Sydney (1997)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-35175-9_58"},{"key":"840_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Peng, Z., Wu, H., Xiao, B., Guo, S.: VQL: Providing query efficiency and data authenticity in blockchain systems. In: 2019 IEEE 35th International Conference on Data Engineering Workshops (ICDEW), pp. 1\u20136 (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDEW.2019.00-44"},{"key":"840_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1083-6101.2006.00316.x","volume":"12","author":"U Pfeil","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pfeil, U., Zaphiris, P., Ang, C.S.: Cultural differences in collaborative authoring of Wikipedia. J. Comput.-Mediat. Commun. 12, 88\u2013113 (2006). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1083-6101.2006.00316.x","journal-title":"J. Comput.-Mediat. Commun."},{"key":"840_CR65","volume-title":"Version Control with Subversion: Next Generation Open Source Version Control","author":"CM Pilato","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pilato, C.M., Collins-Sussman, B., Fitzpatrick, B.W.: Version Control with Subversion: Next Generation Open Source Version Control. O\u2019Reilly Media Inc, Newton (2008)"},{"key":"840_CR66","first-page":"486","volume-title":"Interaction Design: Beyond Human\u2013Computer Interaction","author":"J Preece","year":"2015","unstructured":"Preece, J., Sharp, H., Rogers, Y.: Experimental design. In: Preece, J., Sharp, H., Rogers, Y. (eds.) Interaction Design: Beyond Human\u2013Computer Interaction, 4th edn., p. 486. Wiley, New York (2015)","edition":"4"},{"key":"840_CR67","first-page":"33","volume":"28","author":"C Rich","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rich, C., Sidner, C.L.: DiamondHelp: a generic collaborative task guidance system. AI Mag. 28, 33 (2007)","journal-title":"AI Mag."},{"key":"840_CR68","volume-title":"Graph Databases","author":"I Robinson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Robinson, I., Webber, J., Eifrem, E.: Graph Databases, 2nd edn. Oreilly, Newton (2015)","edition":"2"},{"key":"840_CR69","unstructured":"Rubin, J., Chechik, M.: From products to product lines using model matching and refactoring. South Korea, pp. 155\u2013162 (2010)"},{"key":"840_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rubin, J., Chechik, M., Easterbrook, S.M.: Declarative approach for model composition. In: Proceedings of the 2008 International Workshop on Models in Software Engineering, pp. 7\u201314. ACM, New York (2008)","DOI":"10.1145\/1370731.1370734"},{"key":"840_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1007\/s10664-008-9102-8","volume":"14","author":"P Runeson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Runeson, P., H\u00f6st, M.: Guidelines for conducting and reporting case study research in software engineering. Empir. Softw. Eng. 14, 131 (2008). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10664-008-9102-8","journal-title":"Empir. Softw. Eng."},{"key":"840_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sabel, M.: Structuring Wiki revision history. In: Proceedings of the 2007 International Symposium on Wikis, pp. 125\u2013130. ACM, New York (2007)","DOI":"10.1145\/1296951.1296965"},{"key":"840_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sabetzadeh, M., Nejati, S., Easterbrook, S., Chechik, M.: Global consistency checking of distributed models with TReMer+. In: 2008 ACM\/IEEE 30th International Conference on Software Engineering, pp. 815\u2013818 (2008)","DOI":"10.1145\/1368088.1368208"},{"key":"840_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-15579-6_6","volume-title":"Software Product Lines: Going Beyond","author":"I Schaefer","year":"2010","unstructured":"Schaefer, I., Bettini, L., Bono, V., Damiani, F., Tanzarella, N.: Delta-oriented programming of software product lines. In: Bosch, J., Lee, J. (eds.) Software Product Lines: Going Beyond, pp. 77\u201391. Springer, Berlin (2010)"},{"key":"840_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schank, P., Hamel, L.: Collaborative modeling: hiding UML and promoting data examples in NEMo. In: Proceedings of the 2004 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work, pp. 574\u2013577. ACM, New York (2004)","DOI":"10.1145\/1031607.1031704"},{"key":"840_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3373","DOI":"10.1007\/s10270-019-00722-3","volume":"18","author":"F Schw\u00e4gerl","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schw\u00e4gerl, F., Westfechtel, B.: Integrated revision and variation control for evolving model-driven software product lines. Softw. Syst. Model. 18, 3373\u20133420 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10270-019-00722-3","journal-title":"Softw. Syst. Model."},{"key":"840_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1109\/MS.2003.1231147","volume":"20","author":"E Seidewitz","year":"2003","unstructured":"Seidewitz, E.: What models mean. IEEE Softw. 20, 26\u201332 (2003). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/MS.2003.1231147","journal-title":"IEEE Softw."},{"key":"840_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10270-019-00760-x","author":"FA Somogyi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Somogyi, F.A., Asztalos, M.: Systematic review of matching techniques used in model-driven methodologies. Softw. Syst. Model. (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10270-019-00760-x","journal-title":"Softw. Syst. Model."},{"key":"840_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1109\/MS.2005.140","volume":"22","author":"D Spinellis","year":"2005","unstructured":"Spinellis, D.: Version control systems. IEEE Softw. 22, 108\u2013109 (2005). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/MS.2005.140","journal-title":"IEEE Softw."},{"key":"840_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1109\/MS.2012.61","volume":"29","author":"D Spinellis","year":"2012","unstructured":"Spinellis, D.: Git. IEEE Softw. 29, 100\u2013101 (2012). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/MS.2012.61","journal-title":"IEEE Softw."},{"key":"840_CR81","unstructured":"StackExchange Dapper. https:\/\/github.com\/StackExchange\/Dapper. Accessed 1 July 2020"},{"key":"840_CR82","unstructured":"Stephan, M., Cordy, J.R.: A survey of model comparison approaches and applications. In: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development, pp. 265\u2013277 (2013)"},{"key":"840_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1007\/s10270-012-0248-x","volume":"13","author":"G Taentzer","year":"2014","unstructured":"Taentzer, G., Ermel, C., Langer, P., Wimmer, M.: A fundamental approach to model versioning based on graph modifications: from theory to implementation. Softw. Syst. Model. 13, 239\u2013272 (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10270-012-0248-x","journal-title":"Softw. Syst. Model."},{"key":"840_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1002\/spe.4380150703","volume":"15","author":"WF Tichy","year":"1985","unstructured":"Tichy, W.F.: Rcs\u2014a system for version control. Softw. Pract. Exp. 15, 637\u2013654 (1985). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/spe.4380150703","journal-title":"Softw. Pract. Exp."},{"key":"840_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Torres, J., Jimenez, A., Garc\u00eda, S., Pel\u00e1ez, E., Ochoa, X.: Measuring contribution in collaborative writing: an adaptive NMF topic modelling approach. In: 2017 Fourth International Conference on eDemocracy eGovernment (ICEDEG), pp. 63\u201370(2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICEDEG.2017.7962514"},{"key":"840_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, D., Olson, J.S., Zhang, J., Nguyen, T., Olson, G.M.: DocuViz: visualizing collaborative writing. In: Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 1865\u20131874. ACM, New York (2015)","DOI":"10.1145\/2702123.2702517"},{"key":"840_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1007\/s10270-012-0311-7","volume":"13","author":"S Wenzel","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wenzel, S.: Unique identification of elements in evolving software models. Softw. Syst. Model. 13, 679\u2013711 (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10270-012-0311-7","journal-title":"Softw. Syst. Model."},{"key":"840_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1007\/s10270-012-0279-3","volume":"13","author":"B Westfechtel","year":"2014","unstructured":"Westfechtel, B.: Merging of EMF models. Softw. Syst. Model. 13, 757\u2013788 (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10270-012-0279-3","journal-title":"Softw. Syst. Model."},{"key":"840_CR89","volume-title":"Software Requirements","author":"K Wiegers","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wiegers, K., Beatty, J.: Software Requirements. Microsoft Press, Redmond (2013)"},{"key":"840_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-45875-1_25","volume-title":"Software Visualization","author":"A Winter","year":"2002","unstructured":"Winter, A., Kullbach, B., Riediger, V.: An overview of the GXL graph Exchange language. In: Diehl, S. (ed.) Software Visualization, pp. 324\u2013336. Springer, Berlin (2002)"},{"key":"840_CR91","unstructured":"Yu, E.S.K.: Towards modelling and reasoning support for early-phase requirements engineering. In: Proceedings of ISRE \u201997: 3rd IEEE International Symposium on Requirements Engineering, pp. 226\u2013235 (1997)"},{"key":"840_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zaman, L., Kalra, A., Stuerzlinger, W.: DARLS: differencing and merging diagrams using dual view, animation, re-layout, layers and a storyboard. In: CHI \u201911 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 1657\u20131662. ACM, New York (2011)","DOI":"10.1145\/1979742.1979824"},{"key":"840_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/s10270-019-00732-1","volume":"19","author":"A Zolotas","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zolotas, A., Hoyos Rodriguez, H., Hutchesson, S., Sanchez Pina, B., Grigg, A., Li, M., Kolovos, D.S., Paige, R.F.: Bridging proprietary modelling and open-source model management tools: the case of PTC integrity modeller and epsilon. Softw. Syst. Model. 19, 17\u201338 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10270-019-00732-1","journal-title":"Softw. Syst. Model."},{"key":"840_CR94","unstructured":"LemonTree (2020). https:\/\/www.lieberlieber.com\/lemontree\/en\/"},{"key":"840_CR95","unstructured":"yEd live. In: yWorks. https:\/\/www.yworks.com\/yed-live. Accessed 14 June 2020"},{"key":"840_CR96","unstructured":"Gephi. In: Gephi. https:\/\/gephi.org\/. Accessed 14 June 2020"},{"key":"840_CR97","unstructured":"Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) 1.1, 2nd edn. https:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/SVG11. Accessed 18 June 2020"},{"key":"840_CR98","unstructured":"GitHub. https:\/\/github.com. Accessed 23 Oct. 2019"},{"key":"840_CR99","unstructured":"Bitbucket. https:\/\/bitbucket.org. Accessed 23 Oct. 2019"},{"key":"840_CR100","unstructured":"GitLab. https:\/\/gitlab.com. Accessed 23 Oct. 2019"},{"key":"840_CR101","unstructured":"Lucidchart. https:\/\/www.lucidchart.com. Accessed 23 Oct. 2019"},{"key":"840_CR102","unstructured":"StarUML. https:\/\/staruml.io. Accessed 23 Oct. 2019"},{"key":"840_CR103","unstructured":"Draw.io. https:\/\/www.draw.io. Accessed 23 Oct. 2019"},{"key":"840_CR104","unstructured":"Gliffy. www.gliffy.com. Accessed 23 Oct. 2019"},{"key":"840_CR105","unstructured":"Confluence. www.atlassian.com\/software\/confluence. Accessed 23 Oct. 2019"},{"key":"840_CR106","unstructured":"Scroll Versions. https:\/\/www.k15t.com\/software\/scroll-versions. Accessed 23 Oct. 2019"},{"key":"840_CR107","unstructured":"Visual Paradigm. https:\/\/www.visual-paradigm.com. Accessed 23 Oct. 2019"},{"key":"840_CR108","unstructured":"EMF Compare. https:\/\/www.eclipse.org\/emf\/compare\/. Accessed 31 Dec. 2020"},{"key":"840_CR109","unstructured":"MATLAB Simulink. https:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/products\/simulink.html. Accessed 31 July 2020"},{"key":"840_CR110","unstructured":"GitHub-Contributions. https:\/\/github.blog\/2013-01-07-introducing-contributions"},{"key":"840_CR111","unstructured":"GitHub-Example Profile. https:\/\/github.com\/tclem"},{"key":"840_CR112","unstructured":"NClass. https:\/\/nclass.sourceforge.net. Accessed 7 Sept. 2019"},{"key":"840_CR113","unstructured":"SeleniumHQ. https:\/\/www.seleniumhq.org. Accessed 10 Oct. 2015"},{"key":"840_CR114","unstructured":"Ethereum. https:\/\/www.ethereum.org. Accessed 14 Sept. 2019"},{"key":"840_CR115","unstructured":"BigchainDB. https:\/\/www.bigchaindb.com. Accessed 14 Sept. 2019"},{"key":"840_CR116","unstructured":"Neo. https:\/\/neo.org. Accessed 14 Sept. 2019"},{"key":"840_CR117","unstructured":"Ripple. https:\/\/www.ripple.com. Accessed 14 Sept 2019"},{"key":"840_CR118","unstructured":"Stratis. https:\/\/stratisplatform.com. Accessed 14 Sept. 2019"},{"key":"840_CR119","unstructured":"RabbitMQ. https:\/\/www.rabbitmq.com. Accessed 1 Sept. 2019"}],"container-title":["Software and Systems Modeling"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10270-020-00840-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10270-020-00840-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10270-020-00840-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,10]],"date-time":"2022-12-10T15:03:55Z","timestamp":1670684635000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10270-020-00840-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]]},"references-count":119,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]}},"alternative-id":["840"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10270-020-00840-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1619-1366","1619-1374"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1619-1366"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1619-1374"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 February 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 August 2020","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 October 2020","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 January 2021","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}