{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T09:01:28Z","timestamp":1780995688312,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]],"date-time":"2021-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614211200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]],"date-time":"2021-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Softw Syst Model"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Content management systems (CMSs) such as Joomla and WordPress dominate today\u2019s web. Enabled by standardized extensions, administrators can build powerful web applications for diverse customer demands. However, developing CMS extensions requires sophisticated technical knowledge, and the complex code structure of an extension gives rise to errors during typical development and migration scenarios. Model-driven development (MDD) seems to be a promising paradigm to address these challenges; however, it has not found adoption in the CMS domain yet. Systematic evidence of the benefit\u00a0of applying MDD in this domain could facilitate its adoption; however, an empirical investigation of this benefit is currently\u00a0lacking. In this paper, we present a mixed-method empirical investigation of applying MDD in the CMS domain, based on an interview suite, a controlled experiment, a field experiment, and case studies. During the experiments, we used JooMDD, an MDD infrastructure instantiation for CMS extensions. This infrastructure, which is also presented in this work, consists of a DSL with model editors, code generators, and reverse engineering facilities. We consider three scenarios of developing new (both independent and dependent) CMS extensions and of migrating existing ones to a new major platform version. The experienced developers in our interviews acknowledge the relevance of these scenarios and report on experiences that render them suitable candidates for a successful application of MDD. We found a particularly high relevance of the migration scenario. Our experiments largely confirm the potentials and limits of MDD as identified for other domains. In particular, we found a productivity increase up to factor\u00a011.7 and a quality increase up to factor\u00a02.4 during the development of CMS extensions. Furthermore, our observations highlight the importance of good tooling that seamlessly integrates with already used tool environments and processes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10270-021-00872-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]],"date-time":"2021-02-25T05:24:57Z","timestamp":1614230697000},"page":"1919-1943","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Applying MDD in the content management system domain"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Dennis","family":"Priefer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolf","family":"Rost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Str\u00fcber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Taentzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Kneisel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"872_CR1","unstructured":"Alnasser, M.: JCCreator (2019). https:\/\/jc-creator.com"},{"key":"872_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baker, P., Loh, S., Weil, F.: Model-driven engineering in a large industrial context\u2014Motorola case study. In: International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering Languages and Systems, pp. 476\u2013491. Springer (2005)","DOI":"10.1007\/11557432_36"},{"key":"872_CR3","volume-title":"Web Content Management: Systems, Features, and Best Practices","author":"D Barker","year":"2016","unstructured":"Barker, D.: Web Content Management: Systems, Features, and Best Practices. O\u2019Reilly, Beijing and Boston (2016)"},{"key":"872_CR4","unstructured":"Bergmann, S.: PHPLOC (2020). https:\/\/github.com\/sebastianbergmann\/phploc"},{"key":"872_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bernardi, M.L., Lucca, G.A.D., Distante, D.: Model-driven fast prototyping of RIAs: from conceptual models to running applications. In: International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communications and Informatics, pp. 250\u2013258 (2014)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICACCI.2014.6968522"},{"key":"872_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bigendako, B., Syriani, E.: Modeling a tool for conducting systematic reviews iteratively. In: International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development, pp. 552\u2013559. Scitepress\u2013Science and Technology Publications, Lda, Setubal, PRT (2018)","DOI":"10.5220\/0006664405520559"},{"key":"872_CR7","unstructured":"Boilerplate Contributers: Boilerplate files for Joomla! extensions (2019). https:\/\/github.com\/joomla-extensions\/boilerplate"},{"key":"872_CR8","volume-title":"Interaction Flow Modeling Language: Model-Driven UI Engineering of Web and Mobile Apps with IFML","author":"M Brambilla","year":"2015","unstructured":"Brambilla, M., Fraternali, P.: Interaction Flow Modeling Language: Model-Driven UI Engineering of Web and Mobile Apps with IFML. Morgan Kaufmann, Waltham, MA (2015)"},{"key":"872_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bunse, C., Gross, H., Peper, C.: Embedded system construction\u2014evaluation of model-driven and component-based development approaches. In: Models in Software Engineering, pp. 66\u201377. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2009)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-01648-6_8"},{"key":"872_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Burden, H., Heldal, R., Whittle, J.: Comparing and contrasting model-driven engineering at three large companies. In: International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement, pp. 1\u201310. ACM, New York, NY, USA (2014)","DOI":"10.1145\/2652524.2652527"},{"key":"872_CR11","volume-title":"Designing Data-Intensive Web Applications","author":"S Ceri","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ceri, S.: Designing Data-Intensive Web Applications. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Amsterdam and Boston (2010)"},{"issue":"1\u20136","key":"872_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/S1389-1286(00)00040-2","volume":"33","author":"S Ceri","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ceri, S., Fraternali, P., Bongio, A.: Web Modeling Language (WebML): a modeling language for designing web sites. Comput. Netw. 33(1\u20136), 137\u2013157 (2000)","journal-title":"Comput. Netw."},{"issue":"1","key":"872_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2012.07.043","volume":"86","author":"A Fernandez","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fernandez, A., Abrah\u00e3o, S., Insfran, E.: Empirical validation of a usability inspection method for model-driven web development. J. Syst. Softw. 86(1), 161\u2013186 (2013)","journal-title":"J. Syst. Softw."},{"key":"872_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Filipe, P., Ribeiro, A., Silva, A.R.: XIS-CMS: Towards a model-driven approach for developing platform-independent CMS-specific modules. In: International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development, pp. 535\u2013543 (2016)","DOI":"10.5220\/0005745805350543"},{"key":"872_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hegedus, P.: Revealing the effect of coding practices on software maintainability. In: International Conference on Software Maintenance, pp. 578\u2013581. IEEE (2013)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSM.2013.99"},{"key":"872_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Heijstek, W., Chaudron, M.: Empirical investigations of model size, complexity and effort in a large scale, distributed model driven development process. In: Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications, pp. 113\u2013120. IEEE (2009)","DOI":"10.1109\/SEAA.2009.70"},{"key":"872_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/b10451","volume-title":"Robust Nonparametric Statistical Methods","author":"T Hettmansperger","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hettmansperger, T., McKean, J.: Robust Nonparametric Statistical Methods. CRC Press, Boca Raton (2010)"},{"key":"872_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hutchinson, J., Whittle, J., Rouncefield, M., Kristoffersen, S.: Empirical assessment of MDE in industry. In: International Conference on Software Engineering, pp. 471\u2013480. ACM (2011)","DOI":"10.1145\/1985793.1985858"},{"key":"872_CR19","unstructured":"ISO\/IEC 25010: ISO\/IEC 25010:2011, systems and software engineering\u2014systems and software quality requirements and evaluation (square)\u2014system and software quality models (2011)"},{"key":"872_CR20","unstructured":"Jensen Technologies SL: Component Creator (2019). https:\/\/www.component-creator.com"},{"key":"872_CR21","volume-title":"Basics of Software Engineering Experimentation","author":"N Juristo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Juristo, N., Moreno, A.M.: Basics of Software Engineering Experimentation, 1st edn. Springer, Berlin (2010)","edition":"1"},{"key":"872_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kahani, N., Bagherzadeh, M., Dingel, J., Cordy, J.R.: The problems with cclipse modeling tools: a topic analysis of eclipse forums. In: International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering Languages and Systems, pp. 227\u2013237. ACM, New York, NY, USA (2016)","DOI":"10.1145\/2976767.2976773"},{"key":"872_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karg, S., Raschke, A., Tichy, M., Liebel, G.: Model-driven software engineering in the OpenETCS project: project experiences and lessons learned. In: International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering Languages and Systems, p. 238\u2013248. ACM, New York, NY, USA (2016)","DOI":"10.1145\/2976767.2976811"},{"key":"872_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Katsimpa, T., Panagis, Y., Sakkopoulos, E., Tzimas, G., Tsakalidis, A.: Application modeling using reverse engineering techniques. In: Symposium on Applied computing, p. 1250. ACM, New York, NY (2006)","DOI":"10.1145\/1141277.1141570"},{"key":"872_CR25","unstructured":"Kehrer, T., Pietsch, C., Kelter, U., Str\u00fcber, D., Vaupel, S.: An adaptable tool environment for high-level differencing of textual models. In: International Workshop on OCL and Textual Modeling, pp. 62\u201372 (2015)"},{"key":"872_CR26","unstructured":"Kraus, A., Knapp, A., Koch, N.: Model-driven generation of web applications in UWE. In: International Workshop on Model-Driven Web Engineering (2007)"},{"key":"872_CR27","unstructured":"Krogmann, K., Becker, S.: A case study on model-driven and conventional software development: The Palladio editor. In: Software Engineering 2007\u2014Beitr\u00e4ge zu den Workshops\u2014Fachtagung des GI-Fachbereichs Softwaretechnik, pp. 169\u2013175. Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Informatik e. V., Bonn (2007)"},{"issue":"1","key":"872_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1007\/s10270-016-0523-3","volume":"17","author":"G Liebel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liebel, G., Marko, N., Tichy, M., Leitner, A., Hansson, J.: Model-based engineering in the embedded systems domain: an industrial survey on the state-of-practice. Softw. Syst. Model. 17(1), 91\u2013113 (2018)","journal-title":"Softw. Syst. Model."},{"key":"872_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-04244-2_14","volume-title":"Current Trends in Web Engineering","author":"S Mart\u00ednez","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez, S., Garcia-Alfaro, J., Cuppens, F., Cuppens-Boulahia, N., Cabot, J.: Towards an access-control metamodel for web content management systems. In: Sheng, Q.Z., Kjeldskov, J. (eds.) Current Trends in Web Engineering, vol. 8295, pp. 148\u2013155. Springer International Publishing, Cham (2013)"},{"issue":"6","key":"872_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1887","DOI":"10.1007\/s10664-013-9269-5","volume":"19","author":"Y Martinez","year":"2014","unstructured":"Martinez, Y., Cachero, C., Meli\u00e1, S.: Empirical study on the maintainability of web applications: model-driven engineering versus code-centric. Empir. Softw. Eng. 19(6), 1887\u20131920 (2014)","journal-title":"Empir. Softw. Eng."},{"issue":"9","key":"872_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1108\/02635570310506106","volume":"103","author":"S McKeever","year":"2003","unstructured":"McKeever, S.: Understanding web content management systems: evolution, lifecycle and market. Ind. Manag. Data Syst. 103(9), 686\u2013692 (2003)","journal-title":"Ind. Manag. Data Syst."},{"issue":"1","key":"872_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/s10664-012-9196-x","volume":"18","author":"P Mohagheghi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mohagheghi, P., Gilani, W., Stefanescu, A., Fernandez, M.A.: An empirical study of the state of the practice and acceptance of model-driven engineering in four industrial cases. Empir. Softw. Eng. 18(1), 89\u2013116 (2013)","journal-title":"Empir. Softw. Eng."},{"key":"872_CR33","volume-title":"Design and Analysis of Experiments","author":"DC Montgomery","year":"2001","unstructured":"Montgomery, D.C.: Design and Analysis of Experiments, 5th edn. Wiley, New York \/ Chichester (2001)","edition":"5"},{"key":"872_CR34","unstructured":"Open Source Matters Inc.: Joomla! Extensions directory (2018). https:\/\/extensions.joomla.org\/"},{"key":"872_CR35","unstructured":"Open Source Matters Inc.: Joomla 4 is on the horizon ... Alpha 12 (2019). https:\/\/developer.joomla.org\/news\/793-joomla-4-is-on-the-horizon-alpha-12.html"},{"key":"872_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infsof.2015.02.012","volume":"62","author":"JI Panach","year":"2015","unstructured":"Panach, J.I., Espa\u00f1a, S., Dieste, O., Pastor, O., Juristo, N.: In search of evidence for model-driven development claims: an experiment on quality, effort, productivity and satisfaction. Inf. Softw. Technol. 62, 164\u2013186 (2015)","journal-title":"Inf. Softw. Technol."},{"key":"872_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Papotti, P.E., Prado, A.F., Souza, W.L., Cirilo, C.E., Pires, L.F.: A quantitative analysis of model-driven code generation through software e. In: Advanced Information Systems Engineering, pp. 321\u2013337. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2013)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-38709-8_21"},{"key":"872_CR38","unstructured":"PHP Framework Interop Group: PSR-2: Coding style guide (2020). https:\/\/www.php-fig.org\/psr\/psr-2\/"},{"key":"872_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Priefer, D., Kneisel, P., Rost, W., Str\u00fcber, D., Taentzer, G.: Applying MDD in the content management system domain: scenarios and empirical assessment. In: International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering Languages and Systems, pp. 56\u201366 (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/MODELS.2019.00-15"},{"key":"872_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Priefer, D., Kneisel, P., Str\u00fcber, D.: Iterative model-driven development of software extensions for web content management systems. In: European Conference on Modelling Foundations and Applications, pp. 142\u2013157. Springer International Publishing, Cham (2017)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-61482-3_9"},{"key":"872_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Priefer, D., Kneisel, P., Taentzer, G.: JooMDD: A model-driven development environment for web content management system extensions. In: International Conference on Software Engineering, pp. 633\u2013636. ACM, New York, NY, USA (2016)","DOI":"10.1145\/2889160.2889176"},{"key":"872_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Priefer, D., Rost, W., Str\u00fcber, D., Taentzer, G., Kneisel, P.: Online Appendix: model-driven development in the content management system domain: empirical assessment during common development scenarios (2020). https:\/\/figshare.com\/articles\/journal_contribution\/Model-Driven_Development_in_the_Content_Management_System_Domain_Empirical_Assessment_during_Common_Development_Scenarios\/12661538","DOI":"10.1109\/MODELS.2019.00-15"},{"key":"872_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scico.2018.09.004","volume":"168","author":"R Rodriguez-Echeverria","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Echeverria, R., Preciado, J., Sierra, J., Conejero Manzano, J.M., S\u00e1nchez-Figueroa, F.: AutoCRUD: automatic generation of CRUD specifications in interaction flow modelling language. Sci. Comput. Program. 168, 165\u2013168 (2018)","journal-title":"Sci. Comput. Program."},{"key":"872_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Salman, I., Misirli, A.T., Juristo, N.: Are students representatives of professionals in software engineering experiments?. In: IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering, vol.\u00a01, pp. 666\u2013676 (2015)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE.2015.82"},{"issue":"2","key":"872_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1007\/s10515-013-0130-2","volume":"21","author":"\u00d3 S\u00e1nchez Ram\u00f3n","year":"2014","unstructured":"S\u00e1nchez Ram\u00f3n, \u00d3., S\u00e1nchez Cuadrado, J., Garc\u00eda Molina, J.: Model-driven reverse engineering of legacy graphical user interfaces. Autom. Softw. Eng. 21(2), 147\u2013186 (2014)","journal-title":"Autom. Softw. Eng."},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"872_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/52.3-4.591","volume":"52","author":"SS Shapiro","year":"1965","unstructured":"Shapiro, S.S., Wilk, M.B.: An analysis of variance test for normality. Biometrika 52(3\u20134), 591\u2013611 (1965)","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"key":"872_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-84800-044-5","volume-title":"Guide to Advanced Empirical Software Engineering","author":"F Shull","year":"2008","unstructured":"Shull, F., Sj\u00f8berg, D.I.K., Singer, J.: Guide to Advanced Empirical Software Engineering. Springer, London (2008)"},{"key":"872_CR48","unstructured":"Simply Open Source: Component Architect (2019). https:\/\/www.componentarchitect.com"},{"key":"872_CR49","unstructured":"Skyline Software: Module-Creator (2019). https:\/\/extstore.com\/tools\/module-creator"},{"key":"872_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sousa, V., Syriani, E., Paquin, M.: Feedback on how MDE tools are used prior to academic collaboration. In: Symposium on Applied Computing, pp. 1190\u20131197. ACM, New York, NY, USA (2017)","DOI":"10.1145\/3019612.3019775"},{"key":"872_CR51","unstructured":"Sousa\u00a0Saraiva, J.: Development of CMS-based web applications with a multi-language model-driven approach. (PhD Thesis), Universidade T\u00e9cinica de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal (2013)"},{"key":"872_CR52","unstructured":"Spacedog ApS: Component Generator (2019). https:\/\/www.componentgenerator.com\/"},{"key":"872_CR53","unstructured":"Squiz Labs: PHP$$\\_$$CodeSniffer (2020). https:\/\/github.com\/squizlabs\/PHP_CodeSniffer"},{"key":"872_CR54","volume-title":"Model-Driven Software Development: Technology, Engineering, Management","author":"T Stahl","year":"2006","unstructured":"Stahl, T., Voelter, M., Czarnecki, K.: Model-Driven Software Development: Technology, Engineering, Management. Wiley, Hoboken, NJ, USA (2006)"},{"issue":"1","key":"872_CR55","first-page":"17","volume":"26","author":"J Torres","year":"2014","unstructured":"Torres, J., Resendiz, J., Aedo, I., Dodero, J.M.: A model-driven development approach for learning design using the LPCEL editor. J. King Saud Univ. Comput. Inf. Sci. 26(1), 17\u201327 (2014)","journal-title":"J. King Saud Univ. Comput. Inf. Sci."},{"key":"872_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Trias, F.: Building CMS-based web applications using a model-driven approach. In: International Conference on Research Challenges in Information Science, pp. 1\u20136. IEEE, Piscataway, NJ (2012)","DOI":"10.1109\/RCIS.2012.6240465"},{"key":"872_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Trias, F., de\u00a0Castro, V., L\u00f3pez-Sanz, M., Marcos, E.: RE-CMS: A reverse engineering toolkit for the migration to CMS-based web applications. In: Symposium on Applied Computing, pp. 810\u2013812. ACM, New York, NY, USA (2015)","DOI":"10.1145\/2695664.2696049"},{"issue":"2","key":"872_CR58","first-page":"101","volume":"25","author":"A Vargha","year":"2000","unstructured":"Vargha, A., Delaney, H.D.: A critique and improvement of the CL common language effect size statistics of McGraw and Wong. J. Educ. Behav. Stat. 25(2), 101\u2013132 (2000)","journal-title":"J. Educ. Behav. Stat."},{"key":"872_CR59","unstructured":"Vast Development Method: Joomla Component Builder (2019). https:\/\/www.joomlacomponentbuilder.com\/"},{"key":"872_CR60","unstructured":"Vaupel, S., Str\u00fcber, D., Rieger, F., Taentzer, G.: Agile bottom\u2013up development of domain-specific IDEs for model-driven development. In: International Workshop on Flexible Model Driven Engineering, pp. 12\u201321 (2015)"},{"issue":"1","key":"872_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/s10270-016-0559-4","volume":"17","author":"S Vaupel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vaupel, S., Taentzer, G., Gerlach, R., Guckert, M.: Model-driven development of mobile applications for android and iOS supporting role-based app variability. Softw. Syst. Model. 17(1), 35\u201363 (2018)","journal-title":"Softw. Syst. Model."},{"issue":"3","key":"872_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1145\/2189751.2047876","volume":"47","author":"SD Vermolen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Vermolen, S.D., Wachsmuth, G., Visser, E.: Generating database migrations for evolving web applications. SIGPLAN Not. 47(3), 83\u201392 (2011)","journal-title":"SIGPLAN Not."},{"key":"872_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vlaanderen, K., Valverde, F., Pastor, O.: Model-driven web engineering in the CMS domain: a preliminary research applying SME. In: Enterprise Information Systems, vol.\u00a019, pp. 226\u2013237. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2009)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-00670-8_17"},{"key":"872_CR64","unstructured":"W3Techs: Usage statistics and market share of content management systems for websites, August 2020 (2020). https:\/\/w3techs.com\/technologies\/overview\/content_management"},{"key":"872_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Whittle, J., Hutchinson, J., Rouncefield, M., Burden, H., Heldal, R.: Industrial adoption of model-driven engineering: Are the tools really the problem? In: International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering Languages and Systems, vol. 8107, pp. 1\u201317. Springer, Berlin\/Heidelberg (2013)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-41533-3_1"},{"key":"872_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-29044-2","volume-title":"Experimentation in Software Engineering","author":"C Wohlin","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wohlin, C., Runeson, P., Hst, M., Ohlsson, M.C., Regnell, B., Wessln, A.: Experimentation in Software Engineering. Springer, Berlin (2012)"},{"key":"872_CR67","unstructured":"xdsoft: Joomla Module Generator (2019). https:\/\/xdsoft.net\/joomla-module-generator\/"}],"container-title":["Software and Systems Modeling"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10270-021-00872-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10270-021-00872-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10270-021-00872-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]],"date-time":"2021-12-06T03:11:35Z","timestamp":1638760295000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10270-021-00872-3"}},"subtitle":["Scenarios, tooling, and a mixed-method empirical assessment"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["872"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10270-021-00872-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1619-1366","1619-1374"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1619-1366","type":"print"},{"value":"1619-1374","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 March 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 January 2021","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 February 2021","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 February 2021","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}