{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T08:06:54Z","timestamp":1776326814545,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,12]],"date-time":"2017-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1484179200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001858","name":"VINNOVA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2014-01422"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014-01422"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Digit Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10278-017-9945-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,12]],"date-time":"2017-01-12T13:58:09Z","timestamp":1484229489000},"page":"406-412","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":97,"title":["Detection and Labeling of Vertebrae in MR Images Using Deep Learning with Clinical Annotations as Training Data"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0908-9470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Forsberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Erik","family":"Sj\u00f6blom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jeffrey L.","family":"Sunshine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"9945_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1561\/2200000006","volume":"2","author":"Y Bengio","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bengio Y.: Learning deep architectures for AI. Foundations and trends in Machine Learning 2(1):1\u2013127,2009.","journal-title":"Foundations and trends in Machine Learning"},{"issue":"8","key":"9945_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1798","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2013.50","volume":"35","author":"Y Bengio","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bengio Y, Courville A, Vincent P: Representation learning: A review and new perspectives. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 35(8):1798\u20131828,2013.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"issue":"7553","key":"9945_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14539","volume":"521","author":"Y LeCun","year":"2015","unstructured":"LeCun Y, Bengio Y, Hinton GE: Deep learning. Nature 521(7553):436\u2013444,2015.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"9945_CR4","unstructured":"Krizhevsky A, Sutskever I, Hinton GE: Imagenet classification with deep convolutional neural networks. In: Pereira F, Burges CJC, Bottou L, Weinberger KQ Eds. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems,2012 25, 1097\u20131105"},{"key":"9945_CR5","first-page":"2553","volume-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems","author":"C Szegedy","year":"2013","unstructured":"Szegedy C, Toshev A, Erhan D: Deep neural networks for object detection. In: Burges CJC, Bottou L, Welling M, Ghahramani Z, Weinberger KQ Eds. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems,2013, 2553\u20132561"},{"key":"9945_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shin HC, Lu L, Kim L, Seff A, Yao J, Summers RM: Interleaved text\/image deep mining on a very large-scale radiology database. In: 2015 I.E. Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2015, 1090\u20131099","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2015.7298712"},{"issue":"5","key":"9945_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2016.2538465","volume":"35","author":"S Pereira","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pereira S, Pinto A, Alves V, Silva CA: Brain tumor segmentation using convolutional neural networks in MRI images. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 35(5):1240\u20131251,2016.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging"},{"issue":"5","key":"9945_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2016.2536809","volume":"35","author":"AAA Setio","year":"2016","unstructured":"Setio AAA, Ciompi F, Litjens G, et al.: Pulmonary nodule detection in CT images: false positive reduction using multi-view convolutional networks. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 35(5):1160\u20131169,2016","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging"},{"issue":"5","key":"9945_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2016.2524985","volume":"35","author":"Z Yan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yan Z, Zhan Y, Peng Z, et al.: Multi-instance deep learning: Discover discriminative local anatomies for bodypart recognition. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 35(5):1332\u20131343,2016","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging"},{"issue":"5","key":"9945_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2016.2553401","volume":"35","author":"H Greenspan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Greenspan H, van Ginneken B, Summers RM: Guest editorial deep learning in medical imaging: Overview and future promise of an exciting new technique. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 35(5):1153\u20131159,2016","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging"},{"issue":"3","key":"9945_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2009.02.004","volume":"13","author":"T Klinder","year":"2009","unstructured":"Klinder T, Ostermann J, Ehm M, Franz A, Kneser R, Lorenz C: Automated model-based vertebra detection, identification, and segmentation in CT images. Medical Image Analysis 13(3):471\u2013482,2009","journal-title":"Medical Image Analysis"},{"issue":"9","key":"9945_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2375","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2013.2256460","volume":"60","author":"AB Oktay","year":"2013","unstructured":"Oktay AB and Akgul YS: Simultaneous localization of lumbar vertebrae and intervertebral discs with svm-based mrf. Biomedical Engineering, IEEE Transactions on 60(9):2375\u20132383,2013","journal-title":"Biomedical Engineering, IEEE Transactions on"},{"issue":"8","key":"9945_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2013.07.005","volume":"17","author":"D Major","year":"2013","unstructured":"Major D, Hlad\u016fvka J, Schulze F, B\u00fchler K: Automated landmarking and labeling of fully and partially scanned spinal columns in CT images. Medical Image Analysis 17(8):1151\u20131163,2013","journal-title":"Medical Image Analysis"},{"key":"9945_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhan Y, Jian B, Maneesh D, Zhou XS: Cross-Modality Vertebrae Localization and Labeling Using Learning- Based Approaches. In: Li S, Yao J Eds. Spinal Imaging and Image Analysis, 2015, 301\u2013322","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-12508-4_9"},{"issue":"10","key":"9945_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1595","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2009.2023362","volume":"28","author":"SH Huang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Huang SH, Chu YH, Lai SH, Novak CL: Learning-based vertebra detection and iterative normalized-cut segmentation for spinal MRI. Medical Imaging, IEEE Transactions on 2009 28(10):1595\u20131605, 2009.","journal-title":"Medical Imaging, IEEE Transactions on 2009"},{"key":"9945_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lootus M, Kadir T, Zisserman A: Vertebrae Detection and Labelling in Lumbar MR Images. In: Yao J, Klinder T, Li S Eds. Computational Methods and Clinical Applications for Spine Imaging, 2014, 219\u2013230.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-07269-2_19"},{"issue":"8","key":"9945_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1676","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2015.2392054","volume":"34","author":"Y Cai","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cai Y, Osman S, Sharma M, Landis M, Li S: Multi-modality vertebra recognition in arbitrary views using 3d deformable hierarchical model. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 34(8):1676\u20131693, 2015.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging"},{"key":"9945_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Glocker B, Feulner J, Criminisi A, Haynor DR, Konukoglu E. Automatic Localization and Identification of Vertebrae in Arbitrary Field-of-View CT Scans. In: Ayache N, Delingette H, Golland P, Mori K Eds. Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention \u2013 MICCAI 2012, 2012, 590\u2013598","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-33454-2_73"},{"key":"9945_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-40763-5_33","volume-title":"Medical image computing and computer-assisted intervention \u2013 MICCAI 2013","author":"B Glocker","year":"2013","unstructured":"Glocker B, Zikic D, Konukoglu E, Haynor DR, Criminisi A: Vertebrae localization in pathological spine CT via dense classification from sparse annotations. In: Mori K, Sakuma I, Sato Y, Barillot C, Navab N Eds. Medical image computing and computer-assisted intervention \u2013 MICCAI 2013. Heidelberg: Springer Berlin, 2013, 262\u2013270."},{"key":"9945_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen H, Shen C, Qin J, Ni D, Shi L, Cheng JCY, Heng PA: Automatic Localization and Identification of Vertebrae in Spine CT via a Joint Learning Model with Deep Neural Networks. In: Navab N, Hornegger J, Wells WM, Frangi AF Eds. Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention -- MICCAI 2015, 2015, 515\u2013522","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-24553-9_63"},{"key":"9945_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Suzani A, Seitel A, Liu Y, Fels S, Rohling RN, Abolmaesumi P: Fast Automatic Vertebrae Detection and Localization in Pathological CT Scans - A Deep Learning Approach. In: Navab N, Hornegger J, Wells WM, Frangi AF Eds. Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention -- MICCAI 2015, 2015, 678\u2013686","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-24574-4_81"},{"key":"9945_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compmedimag.2016.02.002","volume":"51","author":"Y Cai","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cai Y, Landis M, Laidley DT, Kornecki A, Lum A, Li S: Multi-modal vertebrae recognition using transformed deep convolution network. Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics 51:11\u201319,2016.","journal-title":"Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics"},{"issue":"1","key":"9945_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01386390","volume":"1","author":"EW Dijkstra","year":"1959","unstructured":"Dijkstra EW: A note on two problems in connexion with graphs. Numerische Mathematik 1(1):269\u2013271,1959.","journal-title":"Numerische Mathematik"},{"key":"9945_CR24","unstructured":"Al-Rfou R, Alain, G, Almahairi A: Theano: A Python framework for fast computation of mathematical expressions. arXiv e-prints 2016;abs\/1605.02688. http:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1605.02688 . Published May 9, 2016. Accessed June 6, 1026,2016"},{"issue":"6","key":"9945_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1007\/s11548-015-1217-y","volume":"10","author":"D Volpi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Volpi D, Sarhan MH, Ghotbi R, Navab N, Mateus D, Demirci S: Online tracking of interventional devices for endovascular aortic repair. International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery 10(6):773\u2013781,2015.","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery"},{"issue":"5","key":"9945_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2016.2528162","volume":"35","author":"HC Shin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shin HC, Roth HR, Gao M, et al.: Deep convolutional neural networks for computer-aided detection: CNN architectures, dataset characteristics and transfer learning. Medical Imaging, IEEE Transactions on 35(5):1285\u20131298,2016.","journal-title":"Medical Imaging, IEEE Transactions on"},{"issue":"5","key":"9945_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2016.2535302","volume":"35","author":"N Tajbakhsh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tajbakhsh N, Shin JY, Gurudu SR, Hurst RT, Kendall CB, Gotway MB, Liang J: Convolutional neural networks for medical image analysis: full training or fine tuning? IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 35(5):1299\u20131312,2016.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging"}],"container-title":["Journal of Digital Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10278-017-9945-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10278-017-9945-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10278-017-9945-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,17]],"date-time":"2019-09-17T09:04:28Z","timestamp":1568711068000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10278-017-9945-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,12]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]}},"alternative-id":["9945"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10278-017-9945-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0897-1889","1618-727X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0897-1889","type":"print"},{"value":"1618-727X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,12]]}}}