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LDCT scans of 240 individuals from a population-based cohort in the Netherlands (ImaLife study, mean age \u00b1 SD = 57 \u00b1 6 years) were retrospectively chosen for training and internal validation of the DL model. For independent testing, LDCT scans of 125 individuals from a lung cancer screening cohort in the USA (NLST study, mean age \u00b1 SD = 64 \u00b1 5 years) were used. Dichotomous emphysema diagnosis based on radiologists\u2019 annotation was used to develop the model. The automated model included minIP processing (slab thickness range: 1 mm to 11 mm), classification, and detection maps generation. The data-split for the pipeline evaluation involved class-balanced and imbalanced settings. The proposed DL pipeline showed the highest performance (area under receiver operating characteristics curve) for 11 mm slab thickness in both the balanced (ImaLife = 0.90 \u00b1 0.05) and the imbalanced dataset (NLST = 0.77 \u00b1 0.06). For ImaLife subcohort, the variation in minIP slab thickness from 1 to 11 mm increased the DL model\u2019s sensitivity from 75 to 88% and decreased the number of false-negative predictions from 10 to 5. The minIP-based DL model can automatically detect emphysema in LDCTs. The performance of thicker minIP slabs was better than that of thinner slabs. LDCT can be leveraged for emphysema detection by applying disease specific augmentation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10278-022-00599-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,19]],"date-time":"2022-02-19T07:02:34Z","timestamp":1645254154000},"page":"538-550","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["AI-Driven Model for Automatic Emphysema Detection in Low-Dose Computed Tomography Using Disease-Specific Augmentation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9288-9537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yeshaswini","family":"Nagaraj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hendrik Joost","family":"Wisselink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mieneke","family":"Rook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiali","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sunil Belur","family":"Nagaraj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Grigory","family":"Sidorenkov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raymond","family":"Veldhuis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthijs","family":"Oudkerk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rozemarijn","family":"Vliegenthart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"van Ooijen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10159","key":"599_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2052","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31694-5","volume":"392","author":"KJ Foreman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Foreman KJ, Marquez N, Dolgert A, Fukutaki K, Fullman N, McGaughey M, et al: Forecasting life expectancy years of life lost and all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 250 causes of death: reference and alternative scenarios for 2016\u201340 for 195 countries and territories. 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