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The so-called Catch-Up Rule has been suggested recently to solve this problem but is shown here not to be fairer than the simpler deterministic Alternating (ABBA) Rule that has already been tried. We introduce the Adjusted Catch-Up Rule by guaranteeing the first penalty of the possible sudden death stage to the team disadvantaged in the first round. It outperforms the Catch-Up and Alternating Rules, while remains straightforward to implement. A general measure of complexity for penalty shootout mechanisms is also provided as the minimal number of binary questions required to decide the first-mover in a given round without knowing the history of the penalty shootout. This quantification permits a two-dimensional evaluation of any mechanism proposed in the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10288-020-00439-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,20]],"date-time":"2020-04-20T11:02:37Z","timestamp":1587380557000},"page":"183-198","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["A comparison of penalty shootout designs in soccer"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8705-5036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L\u00e1szl\u00f3","family":"Csat\u00f3","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"439_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Anbarc\u0131 N, Sun CJ, \u00dcnver MU (2015) Designing fair tiebreak mechanisms: the case of FIFA penalty shootouts (manuscript). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2139\/ssrn.2558979","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.2558979"},{"key":"439_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Anbarc\u0131 N, Sun CJ, \u00dcnver MU (2019) Designing practical and fair sequential team contests (manuscript). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2139\/ssrn.3453814","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3453814"},{"issue":"5","key":"439_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2548","DOI":"10.1257\/aer.100.5.2548","volume":"100","author":"J Apesteguia","year":"2010","unstructured":"Apesteguia J, Palacios-Huerta I (2010) Psychological pressure in competitive environments: evidence from a randomized natural experiment. 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