{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T08:56:30Z","timestamp":1772355390840,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706572800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005722","name":"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005722","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["4OR-Q J Oper Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Multiple criteria decision aiding (MCDA) and preference learning (PL) are established research fields, which have different roots, developed in different communities \u00a0\u2013\u00a0 the former in the decision sciences and operations research, the latter in AI and machine learning \u00a0\u2013\u00a0 and have their own agendas in terms of problem setting, assumptions, and criteria of success. In spite of this, they share the major goal of constructing practically useful decision models that either support humans in the task of choosing the best, classifying, or ranking alternatives from a given set, or even automate decision-making by acting autonomously on behalf of the human. Therefore, MCDA and PL can complement and mutually benefit from each other, a potential that has been exhausted only to some extent so far. By elaborating on the connection between MCDA and PL in more depth, our goal is to stimulate further research at the junction of these two fields. To this end, we first review both methodologies, MCDA in this part of the paper and PL in the second part, with the intention of highlighting their most common elements. In the second part, we then compare both methodologies in a systematic way and give an overview of existing work on combining PL and MCDA.\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10288-023-00560-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T20:02:06Z","timestamp":1706644926000},"page":"179-209","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Preference learning and multiple criteria decision aiding: differences, commonalities, and synergies\u2013part I"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9944-4108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eyke","family":"H\u00fcllermeier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5200-7795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roman","family":"S\u0142owi\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"560_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2009.02.023","volume":"201","author":"S Angilella","year":"2010","unstructured":"Angilella S, Greco S, Matarazzo B (2010) Non-additive robust ordinal regression: a multiple criteria decision model based on the Choquet integral. Eur J Oper Res 201(1):277\u2013288","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"560_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omega.2015.10.010","volume":"63","author":"S Angilella","year":"2016","unstructured":"Angilella S, Corrente S, Greco S et al (2016) Robust ordinal regression and stochastic multiobjective acceptability analysis in multiple criteria hierarchy process for the Choquet integral preference model. Omega 63:154\u2013169","journal-title":"Omega"},{"key":"560_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511598951","volume-title":"Decision making: descriptive, normative, and prescriptive interactions","author":"D Bell","year":"1988","unstructured":"Bell D, Raiffa H, Tversky A (1988) Decision making: descriptive, normative, and prescriptive interactions. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge"},{"key":"560_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-1495-4","volume-title":"Multiple criteria decision analysis: an integrated approach","author":"V Belton","year":"2002","unstructured":"Belton V, Stewart T (2002) Multiple criteria decision analysis: an integrated approach. Springer, Berlin"},{"issue":"3","key":"560_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2006.03.004","volume":"181","author":"J B\u0142aszczy\u0144ski","year":"2007","unstructured":"B\u0142aszczy\u0144ski J, Greco S, S\u0142owi\u0144ski R (2007) Multi-criteria classification\u2014a new scheme for application of dominance-based decision rules. Eur J Oper Res 181(3):1030\u20131044","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"560_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2009.02.011","volume":"50","author":"J B\u0142aszczy\u0144ski","year":"2009","unstructured":"B\u0142aszczy\u0144ski J, Greco S, S\u0142owi\u0144ski R et al (2009) Monotonic variable consistency rough set approaches. Int J Approx Reason 50(7):979\u2013999","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"key":"560_CR7","first-page":"40","volume-title":"Transactions on rough sets","author":"J B\u0142aszczy\u0144ski","year":"2010","unstructured":"B\u0142aszczy\u0144ski J, S\u0142owi\u0144ski R, Stefanowski J (2010) Variable consistency bagging ensembles. Transactions on rough sets, vol XI. Springer, Berlin, pp 40\u201352"},{"key":"560_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"B\u0142aszczy\u0144ski J, S\u0142owi\u0144ski R, Szela\u0327g M (2012) Sequential covering rule induction algorithm for variable consistency rough set approaches. Inf Sci 181:987\u20131002","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2010.10.030"},{"issue":"2","key":"560_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2010.03.009","volume":"206","author":"G Bous","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bous G, Fortemps P, Glineur F et al (2010) ACUTA: a novel method for eliciting additive value functions on the basis of holistic preference statements. Eur J Oper Res 206(2):435\u2013444","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"560_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2012.03.004","volume":"53","author":"S Corrente","year":"2012","unstructured":"Corrente S, Greco S, S\u0142owi\u0144ski R (2012) Multiple criteria hierarchy process in robust ordinal regression. Decis Support Syst 53(3):660\u2013674","journal-title":"Decis Support Syst"},{"key":"560_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Corrente S, Greco S, Kadzi\u0144ski M et al (2013a) Robust ordinal regression in preference learning and ranking. Mach Learn 93:381\u2013422","DOI":"10.1007\/s10994-013-5365-4"},{"key":"560_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Corrente S, Greco S, S\u0142owi\u0144ski R (2013b) Multiple criteria hierarchy process with ELECTRE and PROMETHEE. Omega 41:820\u2013846","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omega.2012.10.009"},{"key":"560_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Corrente S, Greco S, Kadzi\u0144ski M et al (2016a) Inducing probability distributions on the set of value functions by subjective stochastic ordinal regression. Knowl Based Syst 112:26\u201336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2016.08.025"},{"key":"560_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Corrente S, Greco S, Matarazzo B et al (2016b) Robust ordinal regression for decision under risk and uncertainty. J Bus Econ 86(1):55\u201383","DOI":"10.1007\/s11573-015-0801-5"},{"key":"560_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Corrente S, Greco S, S\u0142owi\u0144ski R (2016c) Multiple criteria hierarchy process for ELECTRE Tri methods. Eur J Oper Res 252(1):191\u2013203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2015.12.053"},{"key":"560_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Corrente S, Doumpos M, Greco S et al (2017a) Multiple criteria hierarchy process for sorting problems based on ordinal regression with additive value functions. Ann Oper Res 251:117\u2013139","DOI":"10.1007\/s10479-015-1898-1"},{"key":"560_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Corrente S, Figueira J, Greco S et al (2017b) A robust ranking method exending ELECTRE III to hierarchy of interacting criteria, imprecise weights and stochastic analysis. Omega 73:1\u201317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omega.2016.11.008"},{"key":"560_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omega.2023.102925","volume":"122","author":"S Corrente","year":"2024","unstructured":"Corrente S, Greco S, Matarazzo B et al (2024) Explainable interactive evolutionary multiobjective optimization. Omega 122:102925","journal-title":"Omega"},{"issue":"4","key":"560_CR19","first-page":"891","volume":"31","author":"K Dembczy\u0144ski","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dembczy\u0144ski K, Greco S, S\u0142owi\u0144ski R (2002) Methodology of rough-set-based classification and sorting with hierarchical structure of attributes and criteria. Control Cybern 31(4):891\u2013920","journal-title":"Control Cybern"},{"issue":"2","key":"560_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2008.09.033","volume":"198","author":"K Dembczy\u0144ski","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dembczy\u0144ski K, Greco S, S\u0142owi\u0144ski R (2009) Rough set approach to multiple criteria classification with imprecise evaluations and assignments. Eur J Oper Res 198(2):626\u2013636","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"560_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dembczy\u0144ski K, Kot\u0142owski W, S\u0142owi\u0144ski R (2010a) Beyond sequential covering\u2014boosted decision rules. In: Joone K et\u00a0al (ed) Advances in machine learning I. Springer, Berlin, pp 209\u2013225","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-05177-7_10"},{"key":"560_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dembczy\u0144ski K, Kot\u0142owski W, S\u0142owi\u0144ski R et al (2010b) Learning of rule ensembles for multiple attribute ranking problems. In: F\u00fcrnkranz J, H\u00fcllermeier E (eds) Preference learning. Springer, Berlin, pp 217\u2013247","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-14125-6_11"},{"key":"560_CR23","volume-title":"Trends in multiple criteria decision analysis","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ehrgott M, Figueira J, Greco S (eds) (2010) Trends in multiple criteria decision analysis. Springer, Berlin"},{"issue":"2","key":"560_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2008.02.006","volume":"195","author":"J Figueira","year":"2009","unstructured":"Figueira J, Greco S, S\u0142owi\u0144ski R (2009) Building a set of additive value functions representing a reference preorder and intensities of preference: GRIP method. Eur J Oper Res 195(2):460\u2013486","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"560_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1002\/mcda.1482","volume":"20","author":"J Figueira","year":"2013","unstructured":"Figueira J, Greco S, Roy B et al (2013) An overview of ELECTRE methods and their recent extensions. J Multi-Criteria Decis Anal 20:61\u201385","journal-title":"J Multi-Criteria Decis Anal"},{"issue":"7","key":"560_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.13.7.435","volume":"13","author":"P Fishburn","year":"1967","unstructured":"Fishburn P (1967) Methods of estimating additive utilities. Manag Sci 13(7):435\u2013453","journal-title":"Manag Sci"},{"key":"560_CR27","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Preference learning","author":"J F\u00fcrnkranz","year":"2010","unstructured":"F\u00fcrnkranz J, H\u00fcllermeier E (2010) Preference learning: an introduction. In: F\u00fcrnkranz J, H\u00fcllermeier E (eds) Preference learning. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 1\u201318"},{"issue":"3","key":"560_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/0377-2217(95)00176-X","volume":"89","author":"M Grabisch","year":"1996","unstructured":"Grabisch M (1996) The application of fuzzy integrals in multicriteria decision making. Eur J Oper Res 89(3):445\u2013456","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"560_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grabisch M (2016) Set functions, games and capacities in decision making. TDLC, vol 46. Springer, Berlin","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-30690-2"},{"issue":"1","key":"560_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-2217(00)00167-3","volume":"129","author":"S Greco","year":"2001","unstructured":"Greco S, Matarazzo B, S\u0142owi\u0144ski R (2001) Rough sets theory for multicriteria decision analysis. Eur J Oper Res 129(1):1\u201347","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"560_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2003.06.004","volume":"158","author":"S Greco","year":"2004","unstructured":"Greco S, Matarazzo B, S\u0142owi\u0144ski R (2004) Axiomatic characterization of a general utility function and its particular cases in terms of conjoint measurement and rough-set decision rules. Eur J Oper Res 158:271\u2013292","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"560_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2007.08.013","volume":"191","author":"S Greco","year":"2008","unstructured":"Greco S, Mousseau V, S\u0142owi\u0144ski R (2008) Ordinal regression revisited: multiple criteria ranking using a set of additive value functions. Eur J Oper Res 191(2):415\u2013435","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"560_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Greco S, Matarazzo B, S\u0142owi\u0144ski R (2010a) Algebra and topology for dominance-based rough set approach. In: Ra\u015b Z, Tsay L (eds) Advances in intelligent information systems. Studies in computational intelligence, vol 265. Springer, Berlin, pp 43\u201378","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-05183-8_3"},{"key":"560_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Greco S, Matarazzo B, S\u0142owi\u0144ski R (2010b) Dominance-based rough set approach to decision under uncertainty and time preference. Ann Oper Res 176(1):41\u201375","DOI":"10.1007\/s10479-009-0566-8"},{"key":"560_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Greco S, Mousseau V, S\u0142owi\u0144ski R (2010c) Multiple criteria sorting with a set of additive value functions. Eur J Oper Res 207(4):1455\u20131470","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2010.05.021"},{"key":"560_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Greco S, S\u0142owi\u0144ski R, Figueira J et al (2010d) Robust ordinal regression. In: Ehrgott M, Figueira J, Greco S (eds) Trends in multiple criteria decision analysis. Springer, Berlin, pp 273\u2013320","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-5904-1_9"},{"issue":"1","key":"560_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2011.03.045","volume":"214","author":"S Greco","year":"2011","unstructured":"Greco S, Kadzi\u0144ski M, Mousseau V et al (2011) ELECTRE$$^{GKMS}$$: robust ordinal regression for outranking methods. Eur J Oper Res 214(1):118\u2013135","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"560_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2011.10.005","volume":"52","author":"S Greco","year":"2012","unstructured":"Greco S, Kadzi\u0144ski M, Mousseau V et al (2012) Robust ordinal regression for multiple criteria group decision: UTA$$^{GMS}$$-GROUP and UTADIS$$^{GMS}$$-GROUP. Decis Support Syst 52:549\u2013561","journal-title":"Decis Support Syst"},{"issue":"2","key":"560_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2014.05.022","volume":"239","author":"S Greco","year":"2014","unstructured":"Greco S, Mousseau V, S\u0142owi\u0144ski R (2014) $$\\text{ UTA}^\\text{ GMS }$$-INT: robust ordinal regression of value functions handling interacting criteria. Eur J Oper Res 239(2):711\u2013730","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"560_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Greco S, Ehrgott M, Figueira J (eds) (2016a) Multiple criteria decision analysis: state of the art surveys, 2nd edn. Springer, New York","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-3094-4"},{"key":"560_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Greco S, Matarazzo B, S\u0142owi\u0144ski R (2016b) Decision rule approach. In: Greco S, Ehrgott M, Figueira J (eds) Multiple criteria decision analysis: state of the art surveys, 2nd edn. Springer, New York, pp 497\u2013552","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-3094-4_13"},{"key":"560_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Greco S, S\u0142owi\u0144ski R, Szcz\u0229ch I (2016c) Measures of rule interestingness in four perspectives of confirmation. Inf Sci 346\u2013347:216\u2013235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.056"},{"issue":"8","key":"560_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2009.02.003","volume":"50","author":"M Inuiguchi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Inuiguchi M, Yoshioka Y, Kusunoki Y (2009) Variable-precision dominance-based rough set approach and attribute reduction. Int J Approx Reason 50(8):1199\u20131214","journal-title":"Int J Approx Reason"},{"key":"560_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/0377-2217(82)90155-2","volume":"10","author":"E Jacquet-Lagr\u00e8ze","year":"1982","unstructured":"Jacquet-Lagr\u00e8ze E, Siskos Y (1982) Assessing a set of additive utility functions for multicriteria decision making: the UTA method. Eur J Oper Res 10:151\u2013164","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"560_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2012.12.030","volume":"55","author":"M Kadzi\u0144ski","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kadzi\u0144ski M, Tervonen T (2013) Stochastic ordinal regression for multiple criteria sorting problems. Decis Support Syst 55(1):55\u201366","journal-title":"Decis Support Syst"},{"issue":"4","key":"560_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omega.2011.09.003","volume":"40","author":"M Kadzi\u0144ski","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kadzi\u0144ski M, Greco S, S\u0142owi\u0144ski R (2012) Extreme ranking analysis in robust ordinal regression. Omega 40(4):488\u2013501","journal-title":"Omega"},{"key":"560_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2015.09.004","volume":"89","author":"M Kadzi\u0144ski","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kadzi\u0144ski M, S\u0142owi\u0144ski R, Greco S (2015) Multiple criteria ranking and choice with all compatible minimal cover sets of decision rules. Knowl Based Syst 89:569\u2013583","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"key":"560_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2015.07.062","volume":"328","author":"M Kadzi\u0144ski","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kadzi\u0144ski M, S\u0142owi\u0144ski R, Greco S (2016) Robustness analysis for decision under uncertainty with rule-based preference model. Inf Sci 328:321\u2013339","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"560_CR49","volume-title":"Decisions with multiple objectives: preferences and value tradeoffs","author":"R Keeney","year":"1976","unstructured":"Keeney R, Raiffa H (1976) Decisions with multiple objectives: preferences and value tradeoffs. Wiley, New York"},{"key":"560_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2008.11.006","volume":"36","author":"M K\u00f6ksalan","year":"2009","unstructured":"K\u00f6ksalan M, Ozpeynirci SB (2009) An interactive sorting method for additive utility functions. Comput Oper Res 36:2565\u20132572","journal-title":"Comput Oper Res"},{"key":"560_CR51","unstructured":"Kot\u0142owski W, S\u0142owi\u0144ski R (2008) Statistical approach to ordinal classification with monotonicity constraints. In: F\u00fcrnkranz J, H\u00fcllermeier E (eds) Proceedings of the ECML\/PKDD 2008 Workshop preference learning"},{"key":"560_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kot\u0142owski W, S\u0142owi\u0144ski R (2009) Rule learning with monotonicity constraints. In: Proceedings of the 26th annual international conference on machine learning (ICML 2009). Omnipress, ACM International conference proceedings series, vol 382, art. no. 67. Montreal, pp 537\u2013544","DOI":"10.1145\/1553374.1553444"},{"issue":"21","key":"560_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4019","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2008.06.013","volume":"178","author":"W Kot\u0142owski","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kot\u0142owski W, Dembczy\u0144ski K, Greco S et al (2008) Stochastic dominance-based rough set model for ordinal classification. Inf Sci 178(21):4019\u20134037","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"560_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2021.02.043","volume":"567","author":"Y Kusunoki","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kusunoki Y, B\u0142aszczy\u0144ski J, Inuiguchi M et al (2021) Empirical risk minimization for dominance-based rough set approaches. Inf Sci 567:395\u2013417","journal-title":"Inf Sci"},{"key":"560_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.2307\/3003600","volume":"9","author":"J March","year":"1978","unstructured":"March J (1978) Bounded rationality, ambiguity and the engineering of choice. Bell J Econ 9:587\u2013608","journal-title":"Bell J Econ"},{"issue":"1","key":"560_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-2217(02)00233-3","volume":"147","author":"V Mousseau","year":"2003","unstructured":"Mousseau V, Dias L, Figueira J et al (2003) Resolving inconsistencies among constraints on the parameters of an MCDA model. Eur J Oper Res 147(1):72\u201393","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"560_CR57","unstructured":"OpenAI (2022) ChatGPT: optimizing language models for dialogue. https:\/\/openai.com\/blog\/chatgpt, (accessed 2023-02-02)"},{"key":"560_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01001956","volume":"11","author":"Z Pawlak","year":"1982","unstructured":"Pawlak Z (1982) Rough sets. Int J Comput Inf Sci 11:341\u2013356","journal-title":"Int J Comput Inf Sci"},{"key":"560_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2019.10.005","volume":"282","author":"GD Pelegrina","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pelegrina GD, Duarte LT, Grabisch M et al (2020) The multilinear model in multicriteria decision making: the case of 2-additive capacities and contributions to parameter identification. Eur J Oper Res 282:945\u2013956","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"560_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-01556-4","volume-title":"A short introduction to preferences","author":"F Rossi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rossi F, Venable KB, Walsh T (2011) A short introduction to preferences. Springer, Berlin"},{"key":"560_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-2500-1","volume-title":"Multicriteria methodology for decision aiding","author":"B Roy","year":"1996","unstructured":"Roy B (1996) Multicriteria methodology for decision aiding. Kluwer, Dordrecht"},{"key":"560_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/0377-2217(93)90312-B","volume":"66","author":"B Roy","year":"2000","unstructured":"Roy B (2000) Decision science or decision-aid science. Eur J Oper Res 66:184\u2013203","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"560_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/0-387-23081-5_1","volume-title":"Multiple criteria decision analysis: state of the art surveys","author":"B Roy","year":"2005","unstructured":"Roy B (2005) Paradigms and challenges. In: Figueira J, Greco S, Ehrgott M (eds) Multiple criteria decision analysis: state of the art surveys. Springer, Boston, pp 3\u201326"},{"issue":"3","key":"560_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1051\/ro\/2009014","volume":"43","author":"B Roy","year":"2009","unstructured":"Roy B (2009) \u00c0 propos de la signification des d\u00e9pendances entre crit\u00e8res\u202f: quelle place et quels modes de prise en compte pour l\u2019aide \u00e0 la d\u00e9cision? RAIRO Oper Res 43(3):255\u2013275","journal-title":"RAIRO Oper Res"},{"key":"560_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1007\/0-387-23081-5_9","volume-title":"Multiple criteria decision analysis: state of the art surveys","author":"T Saaty","year":"2005","unstructured":"Saaty T (2005) The analytic hierarchy and analytic network processes for the measurement of intangible criteria and for decision-making. In: Figueira J, Greco S, Ehrgott M (eds) Multiple criteria decision analysis: state of the art surveys. Springer, Boston, pp 345\u2013408"},{"key":"560_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1007\/0-387-23081-5_8","volume-title":"Multiple criteria decision analysis: state of the art surveys","author":"Y Siskos","year":"2005","unstructured":"Siskos Y, Grigoroudis E, Matsatsinis N (2005) UTA methods. In: Figueira J, Greco S, Ehrgott M (eds) Multiple criteria decision analysis: state of the art surveys. Springer, Boston, pp 297\u2013344"},{"issue":"1","key":"560_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ps.28.020177.000245","volume":"28","author":"P Slovic","year":"1977","unstructured":"Slovic P, Fischhoff B, Lichtenstein S (1977) Behavioral decision theory. Annu Rev Psychol 28(1):1\u201339","journal-title":"Annu Rev Psychol"},{"issue":"4","key":"560_CR68","first-page":"1005","volume":"31","author":"R S\u0142owi\u0144ski","year":"2002","unstructured":"S\u0142owi\u0144ski R, Greco S, Matarazzo B (2002) Axiomatization of utility, outranking and decision-rule preference models for multiple-criteria classification problems under partial inconsistency with the dominance principle. Control Cybern 31(4):1005\u20131035","journal-title":"Control Cybern"},{"key":"560_CR69","first-page":"349","volume-title":"Handbook of computational intelligence","author":"R S\u0142owi\u0144ski","year":"2015","unstructured":"S\u0142owi\u0144ski R, Greco S, Matarazzo B (2015) Rough set methodology for decision aiding. In: Kacprzyk J, Pedrycz W (eds) Handbook of computational intelligence. Springer, Berlin, pp 349\u2013370"},{"key":"560_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1007\/0-387-23081-5_11","volume-title":"Multiple criteria decision analysis: state of the art surveys","author":"T Stewart","year":"2005","unstructured":"Stewart T (2005) Dealing with uncertainties in MCDA. In: Figueira J, Greco S, Ehrgott M (eds) Multiple criteria decision analysis: state of the art surveys. Springer, Boston, pp 445\u2013470"},{"key":"560_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Szela\u0327g M, Greco S, S\u0142owi\u0144ski R (2014a) Variable consistency dominance-based rough set approach to preference learning in multicriteria ranking. Inf Sci 277:525\u2013552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2014.02.138"},{"key":"560_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Szela\u0327g M, B\u0142aszczy\u0144ski J, S\u0142owi\u0144ski R (2017) Rough set analysis of classification data with missing values. In: Lipe P et\u00a0al (eds) International joint conference on rough sets (IJCRS 2017), Part I, LNAI 10313. Springer, Cham, pp 552\u2013565","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-60837-2_44"}],"container-title":["4OR"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10288-023-00560-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10288-023-00560-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10288-023-00560-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]],"date-time":"2024-06-03T11:08:50Z","timestamp":1717412930000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10288-023-00560-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["560"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10288-023-00560-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1619-4500","1614-2411"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1619-4500","type":"print"},{"value":"1614-2411","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 August 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 November 2023","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 December 2023","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 January 2024","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declaration"}},{"value":"The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}