{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T19:43:49Z","timestamp":1761767029038,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]],"date-time":"2022-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644451200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]],"date-time":"2022-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644451200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005713","name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005713","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cogn Process"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Quick and accurate reactions to environmental stimuli are often required. Researchers have investigated ways to improve these reactions, which are critical components of perceptual-motor abilities. To optimize individual performance, different techniques, such as embodied interventions and brain stimulation, have been examined. The evidence from EEG studies shows that upper limb muscle contractions lead to changes in brain oscillations associated with changes in mental states and behavioral outcomes. Much research has been conducted on whether muscle contractions of a particular hand have a greater effect on a perceptual-motor ability, as a trigger to facilitate cortical processes (a mediator) for skilled motor performance. While previous studies have shown that left- (vs. right-) hand contractions can lead to greater alpha activation, we hypothesized that left dynamic handgrips have different impacts on motor performance, reflected by simple RT (SRT) and choice RT (CRT). We recruited 64 right-handers, for a within\/between-subjects experiment consisting of performance measurements in SRT and CRT tasks after the intervention (either right or left dynamic handgrip approximately twice a second for 30\u00a0s for each hand) or assignment to paired passive control groups. We did not find left-hand contractions improve response accuracy in neither SRT nor CRT tasks. Further, left-hand contractions did not affect RTs. The findings indicate that the effects of dynamic handgrips are smaller on behavioral outcomes such as RTs than what can be inferred from published studies. More research is needed to establish the effect of dynamic handgrips on optimizing performance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10339-022-01080-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]],"date-time":"2022-02-10T15:11:53Z","timestamp":1644505913000},"page":"169-178","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Effects of unilateral dynamic handgrip on reaction time and error rate"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8214-5155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arash","family":"Mirifar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0313-2271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mengkai","family":"Luan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Ehrlenspiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"1080_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1080\/1357650X.2018.1531422","volume":"24","author":"JM Andreau","year":"2019","unstructured":"Andreau JM, Torres Batan S (2019) Exploring lateralization during memory through hemispheric pre-activation: differences based on the stimulus type. Laterality 24(4):393\u2013416. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/1357650X.2018.1531422","journal-title":"Laterality"},{"issue":"1","key":"1080_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1080\/13854040600744839","volume":"21","author":"E Angelakis","year":"2007","unstructured":"Angelakis E, Stathopoulou S, Frymiare JL, Green DL, Lubar JF, Kounios J (2007) EEG neurofeedback: a brief overview and an example of peak alpha frequency training for cognitive enhancement in the elderly. Clin Neuropsychol 21(1):110\u2013129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13854040600744839","journal-title":"Clin Neuropsychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1080_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1037\/a0029852","volume":"142","author":"J Beckmann","year":"2013","unstructured":"Beckmann J, Gr\u00f6pel P, Ehrlenspiel F (2013) Preventing motor skill failure through hemisphere-specific priming: cases from choking under pressure. J Exp Psychol Gen 142(3):679\u2013691. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0029852","journal-title":"J Exp Psychol Gen"},{"issue":"12","key":"1080_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0145867","volume":"10","author":"F Cross-Villasana","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cross-Villasana F, Gr\u00f6pel P, Doppelmayr M, Beckmann J (2015) Unilateral left-hand contractions produce widespread depression of cortical activity after their execution. PLoS ONE 10(12):e0145867. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0145867","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"1080_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1080\/10874208.2011.570689","volume":"15","author":"M Doppelmayr","year":"2011","unstructured":"Doppelmayr M, Weber E (2011) Effects of SMR and theta\/beta neurofeedback on reaction times, spatial abilities, and creativity. J Neurother 15(2):115\u2013129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10874208.2011.570689","journal-title":"J Neurother"},{"issue":"1","key":"1080_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/s1388-2457(03)00353-5","volume":"115","author":"T Egner","year":"2004","unstructured":"Egner T, Gruzelier JH (2004) EEG biofeedback of low beta band components: frequency-specific effects on variables of attention and event-related brain potentials. Clin Neurophysiol 115(1):131\u2013139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1388-2457(03)00353-5","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1080_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3758\/bf03193146","volume":"39","author":"F Faul","year":"2007","unstructured":"Faul F, Erdfelder E, Lang AG, Buchner A (2007) G* Power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behav Res Methods 39(2):175\u2013191. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/bf03193146","journal-title":"Behav Res Methods"},{"issue":"3","key":"1080_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2013.09.012","volume":"83","author":"PA Gable","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gable PA, Poole BD, Cook MS (2013) Asymmetrical hemisphere activation enhances global-local processing. Brain Cogn 83(3):337\u2013341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bandc.2013.09.012","journal-title":"Brain Cogn"},{"key":"1080_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1027\/0269-8803\/a000123","volume":"28","author":"PD Gajewski","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gajewski PD, Falkenstein M (2014) Age-related effects on ERP and oscillatory EEG-dynamics in a 2-back task. J Psychophysiol 28:162\u2013177","journal-title":"J Psychophysiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1080_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.3758\/PBR.17.6.895","volume":"17","author":"A Goldstein","year":"2010","unstructured":"Goldstein A, Revivo K, Kreitler M, Metuki N (2010) Unilateral muscle contractions enhance creative thinking. Psychon Bull Rev 17(6):895\u2013899","journal-title":"Psychon Bull Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"1080_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1123\/tsp.2016-0054","volume":"31","author":"P Gr\u00f6pel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gr\u00f6pel P, Beckmann J (2017) A pre-performance routine to optimize competition performance in artistic gymnastics. Sport Psychol 31(2):199\u2013207. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1123\/tsp.2016-0054","journal-title":"Sport Psychol"},{"issue":"47","key":"1080_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23772","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1913092116","volume":"116","author":"M Halgren","year":"2019","unstructured":"Halgren M, Ulbert I, Bastuji H, Fabo D, Eross L, Rey M, Devinsky O, Doyle WK, Mak-McCully R, Halgren E, Wittner L, Chauvel P, Heit G, Eskandar E, Mandell A, Cash SS (2019) The generation and propagation of the human alpha rhythm. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 116(47):23772\u201323782. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1913092116","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"6","key":"1080_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.2006.00465.x","volume":"43","author":"E Harmon-Jones","year":"2006","unstructured":"Harmon-Jones E (2006) Unilateral right-hand contractions cause contralateral alpha power suppression and approach motivational affective experience. Psychophysiology 43(6):598\u2013603. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-8986.2006.00465.x","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"issue":"60","key":"1080_CR14","first-page":"312","volume":"15","author":"P Hashemian","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hashemian P, Farrokhi A, Mirifar A, Keihani M, Sadjadi A (2013) The effect of neurofeedback training on attention rate in proficient track and field \u00e2 athletics. J Fundam Mental Health 15(60):312\u2013318","journal-title":"J Fundam Mental Health"},{"key":"1080_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-02812-0_91","volume-title":"Foundations of Augmented Cognition. Neuroergonomics and Operational Neuroscience: 5th international conference, FAC 2009 Held as Part of HCI international 2009 San Diego, CA, USA, July 19\u201324, 2009 Proceedings","author":"B Hatfield","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hatfield B, Haufler A, Contreras-Vidal J (2009) Brain processes and neurofeedback for performance enhancement of precision motor behavior. In: Schmorrow DD, Estabrooke IV, Grootjen M (eds) Foundations of Augmented Cognition. Neuroergonomics and Operational Neuroscience: 5th international conference, FAC 2009 Held as Part of HCI international 2009 San Diego, CA, USA, July 19\u201324, 2009 Proceedings. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, pp 810\u2013817. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-02812-0_91"},{"key":"1080_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1027\/0269-8803\/a000215","author":"T Hirao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hirao T, Masaki H (2018) Effects of unilateral hand contraction on the persistence of hemispheric asymmetry of cortical activity. J Psychophysiol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1027\/0269-8803\/a000215","journal-title":"J Psychophysiol"},{"key":"1080_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychsport.2020.101668","volume":"48","author":"MCJ Hoskens","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hoskens MCJ, Bellomo E, Uiga L, Cooke A, Masters RSW (2020) The effect of unilateral hand contractions on psychophysiological activity during motor performance: evidence of verbal-analytical engagement. Psychol Sport Exerc 48:101668. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychsport.2020.101668","journal-title":"Psychol Sport Exerc"},{"issue":"1","key":"1080_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.36905\/jses.2021.01.04","volume":"5","author":"M Hoskens","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hoskens M, Uiga L, Cooke A, Capio C, Masters R (2021) The effects of unilateral hand contractions on conscious control in early motor learning. J Sport Exerc Sci 5(1):21\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36905\/jses.2021.01.04","journal-title":"J Sport Exerc Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"1080_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1007\/s00422-004-0533-z","volume":"92","author":"J Ito","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ito J, Nikolaev AR, van Leeuwen C (2005) Spatial and temporal structure of phase synchronization of spontaneous alpha EEG activity. Biol Cybern 92(1):54\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00422-004-0533-z","journal-title":"Biol Cybern"},{"unstructured":"Ives JC (2013) Motor behavior: connecting mind and body for optimal performance. Wolters Kluwer\/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=OAeLZsi3yisC","key":"1080_CR20"},{"issue":"2","key":"1080_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucli.2018.10.068","volume":"49","author":"C Jeunet","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jeunet C, Glize B, McGonigal A, Batail JM, Micoulaud-Franchi JA (2019) Using EEG-based brain computer interface and neurofeedback targeting sensorimotor rhythms to improve motor skills: theoretical background, applications and prospects. Neurophysiol Clin 49(2):125\u2013136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neucli.2018.10.068","journal-title":"Neurophysiol Clin"},{"issue":"2","key":"1080_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2018.12.058","volume":"26","author":"D Lozano-Soldevilla","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lozano-Soldevilla D, VanRullen R (2019) The hidden spatial dimension of alpha: 10-Hz perceptual echoes propagate as periodic traveling waves in the human brain. Cell Rep 26(2):374\u2013380","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"1080_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/s41465-018-0093-0","volume":"3","author":"A Mirifar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mirifar A, Keil A, Beckmann J, Ehrlenspiel F (2019) No effects of neurofeedback of beta band components on reaction time performance. J Cogn Enhanc 3(3):251\u2013260. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s41465-018-0093-0","journal-title":"J Cogn Enhanc"},{"key":"1080_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2020.07.003","volume":"156","author":"A Mirifar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mirifar A, Cross-Villasana F, Beckmann J, Ehrlenspiel F (2020) Effects of the unilateral dynamic handgrip on resting cortical activity levels: a replication and extension. Int J Psychophysiol 156:40\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2020.07.003","journal-title":"Int J Psychophysiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1080_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(71)90067-4","volume":"9","author":"RC Oldfield","year":"1971","unstructured":"Oldfield RC (1971) The assessment and analysis of handedness: the Edinburgh inventory. Neuropsychologia 9(1):97\u2013113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0028-3932(71)90067-4","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"1080_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2011.00204","volume":"2","author":"S Palva","year":"2011","unstructured":"Palva S, Palva JM (2011) Functional roles of alpha-band phase synchronization in local and large-scale cortical networks. Front Psychol 2:204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2011.00204","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1080_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.2007.00597.x","volume":"45","author":"CK Peterson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Peterson CK, Shackman AJ, Harmon-Jones E (2008) The role of asymmetrical frontal cortical activity in aggression. Psychophysiology 45(1):86\u201392","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"issue":"12","key":"1080_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2157","DOI":"10.1016\/s0042-6989(98)00288-0","volume":"39","author":"V Porciatti","year":"1999","unstructured":"Porciatti V, Fiorentini A, Morrone MC, Burr DC (1999) The effects of ageing on reaction times to motion onset. Vis Res 39(12):2157\u20132164. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0042-6989(98)00288-0","journal-title":"Vis Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"1080_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.13.030190.000325","volume":"13","author":"MI Posner","year":"1990","unstructured":"Posner MI, Petersen SE (1990) The attention system of the human brain. Annu Rev Neurosci 13(1):25\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev.ne.13.030190.000325","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"1080_CR30","volume-title":"Images of mind","author":"MI Posner","year":"1994","unstructured":"Posner MI, Raichle ME (1994) Images of mind. Scientific American Library\/Scientific American Books, New York"},{"issue":"5","key":"1080_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1371\/annotation\/693ff849-c230-4e59-8772-b8755daf0f75","volume":"8","author":"RE Propper","year":"2013","unstructured":"Propper RE, McGraw SE, Bruny\u00e9 TT, Weiss M (2013) Correction: getting a grip on memory: unilateral hand clenching alters episodic recall. PLoS ONE 8(5):75","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"6","key":"1080_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1080\/1357650x.2016.1268148","volume":"22","author":"RE Propper","year":"2017","unstructured":"Propper RE, Dodd K, Christman SD, Brunye TT (2017) Relationship between sustained unilateral hand clench, emotional state, line bisection performance, and prefrontal cortical activity: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy study. Laterality 22(6):671\u2013689. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/1357650x.2016.1268148","journal-title":"Laterality"},{"issue":"6","key":"1080_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1016\/s0896-6273(01)00423-8","volume":"31","author":"G Rizzolatti","year":"2001","unstructured":"Rizzolatti G, Luppino G (2001) The cortical motor system. Neuron 31(6):889\u2013901. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0896-6273(01)00423-8","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"4","key":"1080_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1977.tb00282.x","volume":"25","author":"J Roubicek","year":"1977","unstructured":"Roubicek J (1977) The electroencephalogram in the middle-aged and the elderly. J Am Geriatr Soc 25(4):145\u2013152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1977.tb00282.x","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"6095","key":"1080_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1223082","volume":"337","author":"YB Saalmann","year":"2012","unstructured":"Saalmann YB, Pinsk MA, Wang L, Li X, Kastner S (2012) The pulvinar regulates information transmission between cortical areas based on attention demands. Science 337(6095):753\u2013756","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"1080_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/s0959-4388(03)00039-4","volume":"13","author":"JD Schall","year":"2003","unstructured":"Schall JD (2003) Neural correlates of decision processes: neural and mental chronometry. Curr Opin Neurobiol 13(2):182\u2013186. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0959-4388(03)00039-4","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"1080_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1080\/03601277.2011.559858","volume":"38","author":"T Simpson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Simpson T, Camfield D, Pipingas A, Macpherson H, Stough C (2012) Improved processing speed: online computer-based cognitive training in older adults. Educ Gerontol 38(7):445\u2013458. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/03601277.2011.559858","journal-title":"Educ Gerontol"},{"key":"1080_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humov.2020.102679","volume":"73","author":"V Soto-Leon","year":"2020","unstructured":"Soto-Leon V, Alonso-Bonilla C, Peinado-Palomino D, Torres-Pareja M, Mendoza-Laiz N, Mordillo-Mateos L, Onate-Figuerez A, Arias P, Aguilar J, Oliviero A (2020) Effects of fatigue induced by repetitive movements and isometric tasks on reaction time. Hum Mov Sci 73:102679. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.humov.2020.102679","journal-title":"Hum Mov Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"1080_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1177\/0031512519888080","volume":"127","author":"M Stankovi\u0107","year":"2020","unstructured":"Stankovi\u0107 M, Ne\u0161i\u0107 M (2020) No Evidence of improved emotion perception through unilateral hand contraction. Percept Mot Skills 127(1):126\u2013141. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0031512519888080","journal-title":"Percept Mot Skills"},{"key":"1080_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-6918(69)90055-9","volume":"30","author":"S Sternberg","year":"1969","unstructured":"Sternberg S (1969) The discovery of processing stages: Extensions of Donders\u2019 method. Acta Physiol (oxf) 30:276\u2013315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0001-6918(69)90055-9","journal-title":"Acta Physiol (oxf)"},{"issue":"2","key":"1080_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2012.03.003","volume":"5","author":"PCJ Taylor","year":"2012","unstructured":"Taylor PCJ, Thut G (2012) Brain activity underlying visual perception and attention as inferred from TMS\u2013EEG: a review. Brain Stimul 5(2):124\u2013129","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"1080_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2019.02.001","volume":"99","author":"AM Tinga","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tinga AM, de Back TT, Louwerse MM (2019) Non-invasive neurophysiological measures of learning: a meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 99:59\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2019.02.001","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"1080_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1080\/1357650X.2016.1154861","volume":"22","author":"CE Turner","year":"2017","unstructured":"Turner CE, Hahn ME, Kellogg RT (2017) Semantic processing in the left versus right cerebral hemispheres following unilateral hand contractions. Laterality 22(2):219\u2013232. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/1357650X.2016.1154861","journal-title":"Laterality"},{"issue":"1","key":"1080_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0228012","volume":"15","author":"VV Wergin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wergin VV, Beckmann J, Gropel P, Mesagno C (2020) Investigating cumulative effects of pre-performance routine interventions in beach volleyball serving. PLoS ONE 15(1):e0228012. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0228012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1080_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.28075","volume":"6","author":"AL Wong","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wong AL, Goldsmith J, Forrence AD, Haith AM, Krakauer JW (2017) Reaction times can reflect habits rather than computations. Elife 6:e28075. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/eLife.28075","journal-title":"Elife"},{"issue":"6","key":"1080_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.1975.tb00073.x","volume":"12","author":"DS Woodruff","year":"1975","unstructured":"Woodruff DS (1975) Relationships among EEG alpha frequency, reaction time, and age: a biofeedback study [Article]. Psychophysiology 12(6):673\u2013681. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-8986.1975.tb00073.x","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"issue":"193","key":"1080_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2015.00193","volume":"9","author":"DL Woods","year":"2015","unstructured":"Woods DL, Wyma JM, Yund EW, Herron TJ, Reed B (2015) Age-related slowing of response selection and production in a visual choice reaction time task [Original Research]. Front Hum Neurosci 9(193):193. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnhum.2015.00193","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"issue":"5","key":"1080_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(68)90139-X","volume":"3","author":"W Wyrwicka","year":"1968","unstructured":"Wyrwicka W, Sterman MB (1968) Instrumental conditioning of sensorimotor cortex EEG spindles in the waking cat. Physiol Behav 3(5):703\u2013707. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0031-9384(68)90139-X","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"}],"container-title":["Cognitive Processing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10339-022-01080-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10339-022-01080-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10339-022-01080-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]],"date-time":"2023-11-17T08:36:10Z","timestamp":1700210170000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10339-022-01080-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["1080"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10339-022-01080-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1612-4782","1612-4790"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1612-4782"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1612-4790"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 August 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 January 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 February 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. All authors consent to publication.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"Stimulus materials, raw data, and analysis scripts are available on the Open Science Framework ().","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Open practices statement"}}]}}