{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T23:15:06Z","timestamp":1768432506199,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,20]],"date-time":"2022-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658275200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,20]],"date-time":"2022-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658275200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006389","name":"University of Geneva","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006389","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cogn Process"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study examines how and to what extent imageability influences the effect of word emotionality in episodic memory. A total of 52 young adults successively performed a free recall task and a recognition task in which word emotionality and imageability were orthogonally manipulated across six conditions of French words: low-imageability positive words (e.g., \u00e9loge [praise]), low-imageability negative words (e.g., viral [viral]), low-imageability neutral words (e.g., global [global]), high-imageability positive words (e.g., ourson [teddy]), high-imageability negative words (e.g., tornade [tornado]), and low-imageability neutral words (e.g., noyau [core]). The results from both the recall and the recognition memory tasks show that word imageability enhances memory performance. Importantly, word imageability interacted with word emotionality in both tasks. Specifically, we found that the advantage of emotional over neutral words in episodic memory performance emerged for high-imageability words only, as did the advantage of positive over negative words. These results highlight the role of imageability in the mechanisms underlying emotional word episodic memory.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10339-022-01102-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,20]],"date-time":"2022-07-20T13:03:11Z","timestamp":1658322191000},"page":"655-660","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Word imageability influences the emotionality effect in episodic memory"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Claire","family":"Ballot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Christelle","family":"Robert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"St\u00e9phanie","family":"Mathey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"1102_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2013.08.014","volume":"129","author":"JS Adelman","year":"2013","unstructured":"Adelman JS, Estes Z (2013) Emotion and memory: a recognition advantage for positive and negative words independent of arousal. Cognition 129(3):530\u2013535. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cognition.2013.08.014","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"1102_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09658211.2021.1921216","author":"C Ballot","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ballot C, Mathey S, Robert C (2021) Word imageability and orthographic neighbourhood effects on memory: a study in free recall and recognition. Memory. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09658211.2021.1921216","journal-title":"Memory"},{"issue":"2","key":"1102_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1017\/S0142716412000409","volume":"35","author":"FM Citron","year":"2014","unstructured":"Citron FM, Weekes BS, Ferstl EC (2014) How are affective word ratings related to lexicosemantic properties? Evidence from the Sussex Affective Word List. Appl Psycholinguist 35(2):313\u2013331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0142716412000409","journal-title":"Appl Psycholinguist"},{"key":"1102_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09658211.2022.2055080","author":"MJ Cortese","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cortese MJ, Khanna MM (2022) Relating emotional variables to recognition memory performance: a large-scale re-analysis of megastudy data. Memory. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09658211.2022.2055080","journal-title":"Memory"},{"key":"1102_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cortese MJ, Watson JM, Wang J, Fugett A (2004) Relating distinctive orthographic and phonological processes to episodic memory performance. Memory & Cognition 32(4):632\u2013639. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/BF03195854","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03195854"},{"issue":"8","key":"1102_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1080\/17470218.2014.945096","volume":"68","author":"MJ Cortese","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cortese MJ, McCarty DP, Schock J (2014) A mega recognition memory study of 2897 disyllabic words. Q J Exp Psychol 68(8):1489\u20131501. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17470218.2014.945096","journal-title":"Q J Exp Psychol"},{"key":"1102_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Desrochers A, Thompson GL (2009) Subjective frequency and imageability ratings for 3,600 French nouns. Behavior research methods 41(2):546\u2013557. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/BRM.41.2.546","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.41.2.546"},{"issue":"4","key":"1102_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1080\/095414400750050222","volume":"12","author":"SA Dewhurst","year":"2000","unstructured":"Dewhurst SA, Parry LA (2000) Emotionality, distinctiveness, and recollective experience. Eur J Cogn Psychol 12(4):541\u2013551. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/095414400750050222","journal-title":"Eur J Cogn Psychol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1102_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03195854","volume":"17","author":"P Ferr\u00e9","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ferr\u00e9 P (2003) Effects of level of processing on memory for affectively valenced words. Cogn Emot 17(6):859\u2013880. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/BF03195854","journal-title":"Cogn Emot"},{"issue":"6","key":"1102_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1177\/153331750301800604","volume":"18","author":"K Fleming","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fleming K, Kim SH, Doo M, Maguire G, Potkin SG (2003) Memory for emotional stimuli in patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease. American Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease & Other Dementias 18(6):340\u2013342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/153331750301800604","journal-title":"American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias"},{"issue":"1","key":"1102_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.erap.2016.12.001","volume":"67","author":"P Gobin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gobin P, Camblats AM, Faurous W, Mathey S (2017) Une base de l\u2019\u00e9motionalit\u00e9 (valence, arousal, cat\u00e9gories) de 1286 mots fran\u00e7ais selon l\u2019\u00e2ge (EMA). Revue Europ\u00e9enne De Psychologie Appliqu\u00e9e 67(1):25\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.erap.2016.12.001","journal-title":"Revue Europ\u00e9enne De Psychologie Appliqu\u00e9e"},{"issue":"2","key":"1102_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1037\/a0015386","volume":"63","author":"I Gonthier","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gonthier I, Desrochers A, Thompson G, Landry D (2009) Normes d\u2019imagerie et de fr\u00e9quence subjective pour 1 760 mots monosyllabiques de la langue fran\u00e7aise. Can J Exp Psychol 63(2):139\u2013149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0015386","journal-title":"Can J Exp Psychol"},{"issue":"9","key":"1102_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-6613(00)01707-1","volume":"5","author":"S Hamann","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hamann S (2001) Cognitive and neural mechanisms of emotional memory. Trends Cogn Sci 5(9):394\u2013400. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1364-6613(00)01707-1","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"1102_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1037\/1528-3542.8.3.395","volume":"8","author":"EA Holmes","year":"2008","unstructured":"Holmes EA, Mathews A, Mackintosh B, Dalgleish T (2008) The causal effect of mental imagery on emotion assessed using picture-word cues. Emotion 8(3):395\u2013409. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/1528-3542.8.3.395","journal-title":"Emotion"},{"key":"1102_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2007.02.044","volume":"1148","author":"P Kanske","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kanske P, Kotz SA (2007) Concreteness in emotional words: ERP evidence from a hemifield study. Brain Res 1148:138\u2013148. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainres.2007.02.044","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"1102_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09658211.2021.1924789","author":"MM Khanna","year":"2021","unstructured":"Khanna MM, Cortese MJ (2021) How well imageability, concreteness, perceptual strength, and action strength predict recognition memory, lexical decision, and reading aloud performance. Memory. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09658211.2021.1924789","journal-title":"Memory"},{"issue":"3","key":"1102_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1037\/a0021446","volume":"112","author":"ST Kousta","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kousta ST, Vinson DP, Vigliocco G (2009) Emotion words, regardless of polarity, have a processing advantage over neutral words. Cognition 112(3):473\u2013481. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0021446","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"issue":"10","key":"1102_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2207","DOI":"10.1177\/1747021817739834","volume":"71","author":"MC Lau","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lau MC, Goh WD, Yap MJ (2018) An item-level analysis of lexical-semantic effects in free recall and recognition memory using the megastudy approach. Q J Exp Psychol 71(10):2207\u20132222. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1747021817739834","journal-title":"Q J Exp Psychol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1102_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1943","DOI":"10.1037\/a0033669","volume":"39","author":"LJ Lohnas","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lohnas LJ, Kahana MJ (2013) Parametric effects of word frequency in memory for mixed frequency lists. J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn 39(6):1943\u20131946. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0033669","journal-title":"J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn"},{"issue":"6","key":"1102_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.3758\/MC.37.6.850","volume":"37","author":"LM Miller","year":"2009","unstructured":"Miller LM, Roodenrys S (2009) The interaction of word frequency and concreteness in immediate serial recall. Mem Cognit 37(6):850\u2013865. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/MC.37.6.850","journal-title":"Mem Cognit"},{"issue":"1","key":"1102_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.3758\/MC.36.1.35","volume":"36","author":"C Monnier","year":"2008","unstructured":"Monnier C, Syssau A (2008) Semantic contribution to verbal short-term memory: are pleasant words easier to remember than neutral words in serial recall and serial recognition? Mem Cognit 36(1):35\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/MC.36.1.35","journal-title":"Mem Cognit"},{"issue":"4","key":"1102_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1017\/S014271640707035X","volume":"28","author":"B New","year":"2007","unstructured":"New B, Brysbaert M, Veronis J, Pallier C (2007) The use of film subtitles to estimate word frequencies. Appl Psycholinguist 28(4):661\u2013677. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S014271640707035X","journal-title":"Appl Psycholinguist"},{"issue":"3","key":"1102_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1037\/h0084295","volume":"45","author":"A Paivio","year":"1991","unstructured":"Paivio A (1991) Dual coding theory: retrospect and current status. Can J Psychol 45(3):255\u2013287. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/h0084295","journal-title":"Can J Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1102_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1080\/03640210709336988","volume":"31","author":"J Reilly","year":"2007","unstructured":"Reilly J, Kean J (2007) Formal distinctiveness of high-and low-imageability nouns: analyses and theoretical implications. Cogn Sci 31(1):157\u2013168. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/03640210709336988","journal-title":"Cogn Sci"},{"key":"1102_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2016.07.010","volume":"156","author":"B Snefjella","year":"2016","unstructured":"Snefjella B, Kuperman V (2016) It\u2019s all in the delivery: effects of context valence, arousal, and concreteness on visual word processing. Cognition 156:135\u2013146. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cognition.2016.07.010","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"1102_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2013.04.008","volume":"110","author":"Z Yao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yao Z, Yu D, Wang L, Zhu X, Guo J, Wang Z (2016) Effects of valence and arousal on emotional word processing are modulated by concreteness: behavioral and ERP evidence from a lexical decision task. Int J Psychophysiol 110:231\u2013242. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actpsy.2013.04.008","journal-title":"Int J Psychophysiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1102_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1006\/jmla.2002.2864","volume":"46","author":"AP Yonelinas","year":"2002","unstructured":"Yonelinas AP (2002) The nature of recollection and familiarity: a review of 30 years of research. J Mem Lang 46(3):441\u2013517. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/jmla.2002.2864","journal-title":"J Mem Lang"}],"container-title":["Cognitive Processing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10339-022-01102-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10339-022-01102-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10339-022-01102-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]],"date-time":"2022-10-11T17:09:02Z","timestamp":1665508142000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10339-022-01102-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,20]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}},"alternative-id":["1102"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10339-022-01102-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1612-4782","1612-4790"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1612-4782","type":"print"},{"value":"1612-4790","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 March 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 June 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 July 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors report no potential conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}