{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]],"date-time":"2025-05-07T04:13:18Z","timestamp":1746591198530,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,13]],"date-time":"2024-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731456000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,13]],"date-time":"2024-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003945","name":"Link\u00f6ping University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003945","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cogn Process"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>The study compared two simulation environments for training of Swedish naval Command and Control teams by using indirect measures, including workload, combat readiness, and situation awareness. The literature explains simulation-based training as providing a safe avenue to practice relevant scenarios. Fidelity, the degree of realism in the simulation, and workload, the equilibrium between demands and assigned tasks, are crucial factors examined in this study of low- and high-fidelity naval simulations. This study was conducted to better understand the effects of various training methods. An experimental design with repeated measures was used with three consecutive escalating parts. The subjective, multidimensional assessment tool, NASA-Task Load Index was used to rate perceived workload. Combat readiness of the ship and mental demand yielded significant results. For combat readiness of the ship, there was a difference between the low and the high-fidelity setting, for the initial part of the scenario <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.037 and for the second part <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.028. Mental demand was experienced as higher in the low-fidelity setting, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.036. Notably, the simulated internal battle training for onboard command teams in a low-fidelity setting was found to induce a level of stress comparable with that experienced in a high-fidelity setting. The results indicate that low-fidelity training results in a workload not distinguishable from high-fidelity training and has practical implications for increased use of low-fidelity training as part of (naval) command team training programmes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10339-024-01242-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,13]],"date-time":"2024-11-13T12:24:31Z","timestamp":1731500671000},"page":"303-318","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Decision-making during training of a Swedish navy command and control team: a quantitative study of workload effects"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7643-6394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie","family":"Hindorf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4075-4600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Denise","family":"B\u00e4ckstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1383-375X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carl-Oscar","family":"Jonson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7928-7021","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anders","family":"Jonsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2771-2705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Berggren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"1242_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.5480\/15-1655","volume":"36","author":"KA Adamson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Adamson KA (2015) Systematic review of the literature related to the NLN\/Jeffries simulation framework. Nurs Educ Perspect 36(5):281\u2013291. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5480\/15-1655","journal-title":"Nurs Educ Perspect"},{"issue":"1","key":"1242_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2020.07.001","volume":"78","author":"J Ashcroft","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ashcroft J, Wilkinson A, Khan M (2021) A Systematic review of trauma crew resource management training: What can the United States and the United Kingdom learn from each other? J Surg Educ 78(1):245\u2013264. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsurg.2020.07.001","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"key":"1242_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1186\/s13049-022-01056-8","volume":"30","author":"AS Baetzner","year":"2022","unstructured":"Baetzner AS, Wespi R, Hill Y, Gyllenkreutz L, Sauter TC, Saveman B-I, Mohr S, Regal G, Wrzus C, Frenkel MO (2022) Preparing medical first responders for crises: a systematic literature review of disaster training programs and their effectiveness. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med 30:76. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13049-022-01056-8","journal-title":"Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med"},{"key":"1242_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470590621.ch1","volume-title":"Modeling and simulation fundamentals: theoretical underpinnings and practical domains","author":"CM Banks","year":"2010","unstructured":"Banks CM (2010) Introduction to modeling and simulation. In: Sokolowski JA, Banks CM (eds) Modeling and simulation fundamentals: theoretical underpinnings and practical domains. John Wiley, Hoboken, pp 1\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/9780470590621.ch1"},{"issue":"4","key":"1242_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.3233\/WOR-211324","volume":"74","author":"MA Barajas-Bustillos","year":"2023","unstructured":"Barajas-Bustillos MA, Maldonado-Mac\u00edas AA, Serrano-Rosa MA, Hernandez-Arellano JL, Llamas-Alonso L, Balderrama-Armendariz O (2023) Impact of experience on the sensitivity, acceptability, and intrusive of two subjective mental workload techniques: the NASA TLX and workload profile. Work 74(4):1265\u20131275. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/WOR-211324","journal-title":"Work"},{"key":"1242_CR6","unstructured":"Berggren P, Hindorf M, Jonsson A, Norblad J, Osb\u00e4ck M, Lidberg H, Jonson C-O (2020) KMC-FO-2020-02 training with HMS Carlskrona. Link\u00f6ping [in Swedish; can be accessed upon request]"},{"issue":"4","key":"1242_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-5973.2010.00618.x","volume":"18","author":"J Bergstr\u00f6m","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bergstr\u00f6m J, Dahlstr\u00f6m N, Henriqson E, Dekker S (2010) Team coordination in escalating situations: an empirical study using mid-fidelity simulation. J Conting Crisis Manage 18(4):220\u2013230","journal-title":"J Conting Crisis Manage"},{"key":"1242_CR8","unstructured":"Bowers CA, Jentsch F, Salas E (2000) Establishing aircrew competencies: a comprehensive approach for identifying CRM training needs. In: O'Neil HF Jr, Andrews DH (eds) Aircrew training and assessment, 1st edn"},{"key":"1242_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.56021\/9781421449845","volume-title":"War in Ukraine: conflict, strategy, and the return of a fractured world","author":"H Brands","year":"2024","unstructured":"Brands H (2024) War in Ukraine: conflict, strategy, and the return of a fractured world. John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore"},{"key":"1242_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Brookhuis KA, De Ward D (2010) Measuring physiology in simulators. In: Fisher M, Lee D, Caird JD, Rizzo JK (eds) Handbook of driving simulation for engineering, medicine and psychology, Taylor & Francis, pp 233\u2013241. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1201\/b10836-18","DOI":"10.1201\/b10836-18"},{"key":"1242_CR11","unstructured":"Brooks CJ (1997) Surviving a helicopter ditching: an engineering challenge. In: The defence and civil institute of environmental medicine. Paper presentation at the AGARD symposium on \u201cfuture aerospace technology in the service of the alliance\u201d, France. Published in CP-600, vol 1, pp 259\u2013266. https:\/\/apps.dtic.mil\/sti\/tr\/pdf\/ADA335583.pdf#page=259. Accessed 17 May 2024"},{"key":"1242_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/ijoa-03-2021-2672","author":"K Buhagiar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Buhagiar K, Anand A (2023) Synergistic triad of crisis management: leadership, knowledge management and organizational learning. Int J Organ Anal. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/ijoa-03-2021-2672","journal-title":"Int J Organ Anal"},{"issue":"5","key":"1242_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1017\/S0373463320000235","volume":"73","author":"S Campani\u00e7o Cavaleiro","year":"2020","unstructured":"Campani\u00e7o Cavaleiro S, Gomes C, Lopes MP (2020) Bridge resource management: training for the minimisation of human error in the military naval context. J Navig 73(5):1146\u20131158. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0373463320000235","journal-title":"J Navig"},{"issue":"5","key":"1242_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.12809\/hkmj197898","volume":"25","author":"YF Choi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Choi YF, Wong TW (2019) High-fidelity simulation training programme for final-year medical students: implications from the perceived learning outcomes. Hong Kong Med J 25(5):392\u2013398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12809\/hkmj197898","journal-title":"Hong Kong Med J"},{"issue":"6, Suppl.","key":"1242_CR15","first-page":"B108","volume":"76","author":"CA Comperatore","year":"2005","unstructured":"Comperatore CA, Rivera PK, Kingsley L (2005) Enduring the shipboard stressor complex: a systems approach. Aviat Space Environ Med 76(6, Suppl.):B108\u2013B118","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1242_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e867","DOI":"10.3109\/0142159X.2012.714886","volume":"35","author":"DA Cook","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cook DA, Hamstra SJ, Brydges R, Zendejas B, Szostek JH, Wang AT, Erwin PJ, Hatala R (2013) Comparative effectiveness of instructional design features in simulation-based education: systematic review and meta-analysis. Med Teach 35(1):e867\u2013e898. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/0142159X.2012.714886","journal-title":"Med Teach"},{"issue":"3","key":"1242_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1097\/SIH.0b013e3180f637f5","volume":"2","author":"P Dieckman","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dieckman P, Gaba D, Rall M (2007) Deepening the theoretical foundations of patient simulation as social practice. Simul Healthcare 2(3):183\u2013193. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SIH.0b013e3180f637f5","journal-title":"Simul Healthcare"},{"issue":"1","key":"1242_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1518\/001872095779049499","volume":"37","author":"MR Endsley","year":"1995","unstructured":"Endsley MR (1995a) Measurement of situation awareness in dynamic systems. Hum Factors 37(1):65\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1518\/001872095779049499","journal-title":"Hum Factors"},{"issue":"1","key":"1242_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1518\/001872095779049543","volume":"37","author":"MR Endsley","year":"1995","unstructured":"Endsley MR (1995b) Toward a theory of situation awareness in dynamic systems. Hum Factors 37(1):32\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1518\/001872095779049543","journal-title":"Hum Factors"},{"key":"1242_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119636113.ch17","volume-title":"Handbook of human factors and ergonomics","author":"MR Endsley","year":"2021","unstructured":"Endsley MR (2021) Situation awareness. In: Salvendy G, Karnowski W (eds) Handbook of human factors and ergonomics. John Wiley, Hoboken, pp 434\u2013455. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/9781119636113.ch17"},{"key":"1242_CR21","volume-title":"Designing of situation awareness: an approach to user-centered design (2nd edition)","author":"MR Endsley","year":"2011","unstructured":"Endsley MR, Jones DG (2011) Designing of situation awareness: an approach to user-centered design (2nd edition). CRC Press"},{"key":"1242_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2011.96","volume":"32","author":"E Finan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Finan E, Bismilla Z, Whyte HE, LeBlanc V, McNamara PJ (2012) High-fidelity simulator technology may not be superior to traditional low-fidelity equipment for neonatal resuscitation training. J Perinatol 32:287\u2013292. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/jp.2011.96","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1242_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1152\/advan.00091.2018","volume":"42","author":"L Fragapane","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fragapane L, Li W, Khallough BB, Cheng ZJ, Harris DM (2018) Comparison of knowledge retention between high-fidelity patient simulation and read-only participants in undergraduate biomedical science education. Adv Physiol Educ 42(4):599\u2013604. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/advan.00091.2018","journal-title":"Adv Physiol Educ"},{"issue":"4","key":"1242_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1037\/amp0000259","volume":"73","author":"GF Goodwin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Goodwin GF, Blacksmith N, Coats MR (2018) The science of teams in the military: contributions from over 60\u00a0years of research. Am Psychol 73(4):322\u2013333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/amp0000259","journal-title":"Am Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1242_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.1177\/1541931215591373","volume":"59","author":"RA Grier","year":"2015","unstructured":"Grier RA (2015) How high is high? A meta-analysis of Nasa-TLX global workload scores. Proc Hum Factors Ergon Soc Meet 59(1):1727\u20131731. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1541931215591373","journal-title":"Proc Hum Factors Ergon Soc Meet"},{"key":"1242_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1177\/154193120605000909","volume":"50","author":"SG Hart","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hart SG (2006) NASA-task load index (NASA-TLX); 20\u00a0years later. Proc Hum Factors Ergon Soc Annu Meet 50:904\u2013908. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/154193120605000909","journal-title":"Proc Hum Factors Ergon Soc Annu Meet"},{"key":"1242_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Haskins J, Zhu B, Gainer S, Huse W, Eadara S, Boyd B, Laird C, Farantatos JJ, Jerald J (2020) Exploring VR training for first responders. In: 2020 IEEE conference on virtual reality and 3D user interfaces abstracts and workshops (VRW), Atlanta, GA, USA, pp 57\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/VRW50115.2020.00018","DOI":"10.1109\/VRW50115.2020.00018"},{"key":"1242_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2017.04.004","volume":"54","author":"PA Hegland","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hegland PA, Aarlie H, Str\u00f8mme H, Jamtvedt G (2017) Simulation-based training for nurses: systematic review and meta-analysis. Nurse Educ Today 54:6\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nedt.2017.04.004","journal-title":"Nurse Educ Today"},{"issue":"3","key":"1242_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1007\/s10111-019-00587-y","volume":"22","author":"J Hermelin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hermelin J, Bengtsson K, Woltjer R, Trnka J, Thorstensson M, Pettersson J, Prytz E, Jonson C-O (2020) Operationalising resilience for disaster medicine practitioners: capability development through training, simulation and reflection. Cogn Technol Work 22(3):667\u2013683","journal-title":"Cogn Technol Work"},{"key":"1242_CR30","unstructured":"Herrera GJ (2020) The fundamentals of military readiness. Congressional Research Service. Retrieved from: https:\/\/crsreports.congress.gov R46559 (2024-05-15)"},{"key":"1242_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.55460\/6XHH-1LG1","volume":"18","author":"M Hindorf","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hindorf M, Lundberg L, Jonsson A (2018) Swedish specialized boarding element member\u2019s experiences of naval hostile duty. J Spec Oper Med 18:45\u201349","journal-title":"J Spec Oper Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1242_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.31374\/sjms.45","volume":"3","author":"M Hindorf","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hindorf M, Lundberg L, Jonsson A (2020) A quality study of Swedish specialized boarding element members\u2019 human actions in situations perceived as new and\/or stressful after participating in long-term naval hostile department. Scand J Mil Stud 3(1):31\u201344","journal-title":"Scand J Mil Stud"},{"issue":"1","key":"1242_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1177\/1071181319631457","volume":"63","author":"BE Holthausen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Holthausen BE, Becerra ZM, David Keller M, Ziriax JM, Walker BN (2019) Performance in noise: the relationship between workload and situation awareness in navy tactical teams. Proc Hum Factors Ergon Soc Annu Meet 63(1):1585\u20131589. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1071181319631457","journal-title":"Proc Hum Factors Ergon Soc Annu Meet"},{"issue":"2","key":"1242_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1080\/19488300.2011.609524","volume":"1","author":"P Hoonakker","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hoonakker P, Carayon P, Gurses A, Brown R, Khunlertkit A, McGuire K, Walker JM (2011) Measuring workload of ICU nurses with a questionnaire survey. The NASA task load index (TLX). IIE Trans Healthcare Syst Eng 1(2):131\u2013143. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/19488300.2011.609524","journal-title":"IIE Trans Healthcare Syst Eng"},{"issue":"1","key":"1242_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1070\/24725579.2017.1418765","volume":"8","author":"A Huggins","year":"2018","unstructured":"Huggins A, Claudio D (2018) A performance comparison between the subjective workload analysis technique and the NASA-TLX in a healthcare setting. IISE Trans Healthcare Syst Eng 8(1):59\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1070\/24725579.2017.1418765","journal-title":"IISE Trans Healthcare Syst Eng"},{"key":"1242_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9781955055079","volume-title":"Old and new battlespaces: society, military power, and war","author":"B Jayamaha","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jayamaha B, Matisek J (2022) Old and new battlespaces: society, military power, and war. Lynne Rienner Publishers, Boulder. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/9781955055079"},{"key":"1242_CR37","volume-title":"Stress and job performance: theory, research, and implications for managerial practice","author":"SM Jex","year":"1998","unstructured":"Jex SM (1998) Stress and job performance: theory, research, and implications for managerial practice. Sage"},{"key":"1242_CR38","unstructured":"Johnston JH, Cannon-Bowers JA, Salas E (1998) Tactical decision making under stress (TADMUS): mapping a program of research to a real world incident\u2014The USS Vincennes. In: RTO HFM symposium"},{"key":"1242_CR39","unstructured":"Junor LJ (2017) Managing military readiness. Institute for National Strategic Studies (US), Center for Strategic Research (US). p 61"},{"key":"1242_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kaempf GL, Klein G, Thordsen ML, Wolf S (1996) Decision making in complex naval command-and-control environments. In: Proceedings of the Human factors and ergonomics society annual meeting, vol 38, pp 220\u2013231. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/001872089606380204","DOI":"10.1177\/001872089606380204"},{"issue":"16","key":"1242_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-016-0672-7","volume":"23","author":"J Kim","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kim J, Park JH, Shin S (2016) Effectiveness of simulation-based nursing education depending on fidelity: a meta-analysis. BMC Med Educ 23(16):152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12909-016-0672-7","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"key":"1242_CR42","volume-title":"Decision making in action: models and methods (cognition and literacy)","author":"GA Klein","year":"1993","unstructured":"Klein GA, Ursano J, Caldenwood R (1993) Decision making in action: models and methods (cognition and literacy). Ablex Publishing, New York"},{"key":"1242_CR43","unstructured":"Kruys GPH (2001) Combat readiness with specific reference to armies. Institute for Strategic Studies, University of Pretoria"},{"issue":"1","key":"1242_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.4103\/JETS.JETS_96_19","volume":"13","author":"F Lateef","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lateef F (2020) Maximizing learning and creativity: understanding psychological safety in simulation-based learning. J Emerg Trauma Shock 13(1):5\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/JETS.JETS_96_19","journal-title":"J Emerg Trauma Shock"},{"issue":"6","key":"1242_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aei131","volume":"94","author":"JM Leedal","year":"2005","unstructured":"Leedal JM, Smith AF (2005) Methodological approaches to anaesthetics workload in the operating theatre. Br J Anaesth 94(6):702\u2013709. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bja\/aei131","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"1242_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1518\/001872006778606903","volume":"48","author":"S Levin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Levin S, France DJ, Hemphill R, Jones I, Chen KY, Rickard D, Makowski R, Aronsky D (2006) Tracking workload in the emergency department. Proc Hum Factors Ergon Soc Meet 48:526\u2013539. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1518\/001872006778606903","journal-title":"Proc Hum Factors Ergon Soc Meet"},{"issue":"5","key":"1242_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1080\/1463922X.2015.1008601","volume":"16","author":"J Lundberg","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lundberg J (2015) Situation awareness systems, states and processes: a holistic framework. Theor Issues Ergon Sci 16(5):447\u2013473. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/1463922X.2015.1008601","journal-title":"Theor Issues Ergon Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"1242_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1177\/1557234X11410391","volume":"7","author":"M L\u00fctzh\u00f6ft","year":"2011","unstructured":"L\u00fctzh\u00f6ft M, Grech MR, Porathe T (2011) Information environment, fatigue, and culture in the maritime domain. Rev Hum Factors Ergon 7(1):280\u2013332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1557234X11410391","journal-title":"Rev Hum Factors Ergon"},{"key":"1242_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1186\/s12873-023-00824-8","volume":"23","author":"SS Mahdi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mahdi SS, Jafri HA, Allana R, Battineni G, Khawaja M, Sakina S, Agha D, Rehman K, Amenta F (2023) Systematic review on the current state of disaster preparation simulation exercises (SimEx). BMC Emerg Med 23:52. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12873-023-00824-8","journal-title":"BMC Emerg Med"},{"key":"1242_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-018-1447-0","volume":"19","author":"S Marker","year":"2019","unstructured":"Marker S, Mohr M, \u00d8stergaard D (2019) Simulation-based training of junior doctors in handling critically ill patients facilitates the transition to clinical practice\u202f: an interview study. BMC Med Educ 19:11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12909-018-1447-0","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"key":"1242_CR51","first-page":"1","volume":"114","author":"I Masiello","year":"2017","unstructured":"Masiello I, Mattsson A (2017) Simuleringstr\u00e4ning ger \u00f6kad kunskap och b\u00e4ttre f\u00e4rdigheter. Lakartidningen 114:1\u20135","journal-title":"Lakartidningen"},{"key":"1242_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-019-1464-7","volume":"19","author":"C Massoth","year":"2019","unstructured":"Massoth C, R\u00f6der H, Ohlenburg H, Hessler M, Zarbock A, P\u00f6pping DM, Wenk M (2019) High-fidelity is not superior to low-fidelity simulation but leads to overconfidence in medical students. BMC Med Educ 19:29. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12909-019-1464-7","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"issue":"7","key":"1242_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1473","DOI":"10.1177\/00187208211045872","volume":"65","author":"S Michailovs","year":"2023","unstructured":"Michailovs S, Pond S, Schmitt M, Irons J, Stoker M, Visser TAW, Huf S, Loft S (2023) The impact of information integration in a simulation of future submarine command and control. Hum Factors 65(7):1473\u20131490. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00187208211045872","journal-title":"Hum Factors"},{"issue":"3","key":"1242_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.36723","volume":"15","author":"B Mishra","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mishra B, Rath S, Mohanty M, Mohapatra PR (2023) The threat of impending pandemics: a proactive approach. Cureus 15(3):e36723. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.36723","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"1242_CR55","unstructured":"Moroney WF, Lilienthal MC (2009) Human factors in simulation and training: an overview. In: Hancock M, Vincenzi PA, Wise DA, Mouloua JA Human factors in simulation and training, 1st edn, CRC Press, pp 7\u201340"},{"key":"1242_CR56","unstructured":"Moses G, Magee JH, Bauer JJ, Leitch R (2001) Military medical modeling and simulation in the 21st century. In: Westwood RA, Hoffman JD, Togel HM, Stredney GT, Robb D (eds) Medicine meets virtual reality, 81st edn, IOS Press, p 609"},{"issue":"1","key":"1242_CR57","first-page":"58","volume":"30","author":"ML Moundalexis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Moundalexis ML, McKneely JAB, Fitzpatrick WB, Sheffer CC (2011) Understanding and enhancing crew endurance. J Hopkins APL Tech Dig 30(1):58\u201371","journal-title":"J Hopkins APL Tech Dig"},{"key":"1242_CR58","unstructured":"NATO standardization office. (2019). NATO standard AJP-4.10. Allied joint doctrine for medical support edition C Version 1. NATO standardization office (NSO), https:\/\/coemed.org\/files\/stanags\/01_AJP\/AJP-4.10_EDC_V1_E_2228.pdf. Accessed May 17 2024"},{"key":"1242_CR59","unstructured":"Naval Surface Force United States Pacific Fleet (2012) Comnavsurflant Instruction. N.K. Retrieved from: www.dcfpnavymil.org\/Library\/pycom\/3502.3 Surface force readiness manual.pdf. Accessed May 16 2024"},{"issue":"81","key":"1242_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13040-015-0162-7","volume":"23","author":"A Nilsson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nilsson A, \u00c5slund K, Lampi M, Nilsson H, Jonson C-O (2015) Improved and sustained triage skills in firemen after a short training intervention. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med 23(81):1\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13040-015-0162-7","journal-title":"Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"1242_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2923.2012.04243.x","volume":"46","author":"G Norman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Norman G, Dore K, Grierson L (2012) The minimal relationship between simulation fidelity and transfer of learning. Med Educ 46(7):636\u2013647. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2923.2012.04243.x","journal-title":"Med Educ"},{"issue":"17","key":"1242_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1177\/001872089103300102","volume":"33","author":"TE Nygren","year":"1991","unstructured":"Nygren TE (1991) Psychometric properties of subjective workload measurement techniques: implications for the use in the assessment of perceived workload. Hum Factors 33(17):17\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/001872089103300102","journal-title":"Hum Factors"},{"key":"1242_CR63","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Handbook of perception and human performance","author":"RD O\u2019Donnell","year":"1986","unstructured":"O\u2019Donnell RD, Eggemeier FT (1986) Workload assessment methodology. In: Boff JP, Kaufman KK, Thomas I (eds) Handbook of perception and human performance, vol 2. John Wiley, pp 1\u201349"},{"issue":"2","key":"1242_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.54531\/NZWS5167","volume":"1","author":"C Osborne","year":"2022","unstructured":"Osborne C, Brown C, Mostafa A (2022) Effectiveness of high- and low-fdelity simulation-based medical education in teaching cardiac auscultation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Healthcare Simul 1(2):75\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.54531\/NZWS5167","journal-title":"Int J Healthcare Simul"},{"issue":"3","key":"1242_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0282698","volume":"18","author":"L Otero-Varela","year":"2023","unstructured":"Otero-Varela L, Cintora AM, Espinosa S, Redondo M, Uzuriaga M, Gonz\u00e1lez M, Garcia M, Naldrett J, Alonso J, Vazquez T, Blanco A, del Carmen Card\u00f3s Alonso M (2023) Extended reality as a training method for medical first responders in mass casualty incidents: a protocol for a systematic review. PLoS ONE 18(3):e0282698. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0282698","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"1242_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2013.09.006","volume":"218","author":"JT Paige","year":"2014","unstructured":"Paige JT, Garbee DD, Kozmenko V, Yu Q, Kozmenko L, Yang T, Bonanno L, Swartz W (2014) Getting a head start: high-fidelity, simulation-based operating room team training of interprofessional students. J Am Coll Surg 218(1):140\u2013149","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"1242_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-5973.12373","author":"J Pettersson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pettersson J, Jonson C-O, Berggren P, Hermelin J, Trnka J, Woltjer R, Prytz E (2021) Connecting resilience concepts to operational behaviour: a disaster exercise case study. J Conting Crisis Manag. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1468-5973.12373","journal-title":"J Conting Crisis Manag"},{"issue":"4","key":"1242_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.5055\/jem.2016.0294","volume":"14","author":"E Prytz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Prytz E, Rybing J, Jonson C-O (2016) Workload differences across command levels and emergency response organizations during a major joint exercise. J Emerg Manag 14(4):289\u2013297. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5055\/jem.2016.0294","journal-title":"J Emerg Manag"},{"key":"1242_CR69","unstructured":"Prytz E, Jonson C-O, Rybing J (2017) Nuvarande forskningsl\u00e4ge f\u00f6r tr\u00e4ning. MSB. Retrieved from: https:\/\/www.msb.se\/sv\/publikationer\/nuvarande-forskningslage-for-traning\/ [in Swedish]"},{"issue":"4","key":"1242_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.13259","volume":"117","author":"P Rashid","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rashid P, Gianduzzo TR (2016) Urology technical and non-technical skills development: the emerging role of simulation. BJU Int 117(4):9\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bju.13259","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"issue":"11","key":"1242_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2253","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2022.2161863","volume":"39","author":"FE Ritter","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ritter FE, Yeh MK, Stager SJ, McDermott AF, Weyhrauch PW (2023) The effect of task fidelity on learning curves: a synthetic analysis. Int J Hum Comput Interact 39(11):2253\u20132267. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10447318.2022.2161863","journal-title":"Int J Hum Comput Interact"},{"issue":"1","key":"1242_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1177\/1046878116676511","volume":"48","author":"J Rybing","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rybing J, Prytz EG, Hornwall J, Nilsson H, Jonson C-O, B\u00e5ng M (2016) Designing a digital medical management training simulator using distributed cognition theory. Simul Gaming 48(1):131\u2013152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1046878116676511","journal-title":"Simul Gaming"},{"key":"1242_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rybing J (2018) Studying simulations with distributed cognition. In: Doctoral thesis, Link\u00f6ping University. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3384\/diss.diva-145307","DOI":"10.3384\/diss.diva-145307"},{"issue":"2","key":"1242_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-5973.12568","volume":"32","author":"G Saetren","year":"2024","unstructured":"Saetren G, Vaag JR, Lund MS (2024) What and how to train for strategic crisis management: a systematic literature review. J Conting Crisis Manag 32(2):1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1468-5973.12568","journal-title":"J Conting Crisis Manag"},{"issue":"3","key":"1242_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1177\/1046878108326734","volume":"40","author":"E Salas","year":"2008","unstructured":"Salas E, Rosen MA, Held JD, Weissmuller JJ (2008) Performance measurement in simulation-based training: a review and best practices. Simul Gaming 40(3):328\u2013376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1046878108326734","journal-title":"Simul Gaming"},{"issue":"5","key":"1242_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1197\/jamia.M2163","volume":"14","author":"JJ Saleem","year":"2007","unstructured":"Saleem JJ, Pattersson ES, Militello L, Anders S, Falciglia M, Wissman JA, Roth EM, Asch SM (2007) Impact of clinical reminder redesign on learnability, efficiency, usability, and workload for ambulatory clinic. J Am Med Inform Assoc 14(5):632\u2013640. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1197\/jamia.M2163","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"1242_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1177\/1541931214581067","volume":"58","author":"JM Schraagen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schraagen JM, Post W (2014) Characterizing naval team readiness through social network analysis. Proc Hum Factors Ergon Soc Annu Meet 58(1):325\u2013329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1541931214581067","journal-title":"Proc Hum Factors Ergon Soc Annu Meet"},{"key":"1242_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1007\/s11069-023-06047-1","volume":"118","author":"Y Shen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shen Y, Jiang C (2023) A comprehensive review of watershed flood simulation model. Nat Hazards 118:875\u2013902. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11069-023-06047-1","journal-title":"Nat Hazards"},{"key":"1242_CR79","volume-title":"Simulation fidelity in training system design. Bridging the gap between reality and training","author":"M Singer","year":"1989","unstructured":"Singer M, Hayes R (1989) Simulation fidelity in training system design. Bridging the gap between reality and training. Springer, Berlin"},{"key":"1242_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1037\/10278-003","volume-title":"Making decisions under stress: implications for individual and team training","author":"KA Smith-Jentsch","year":"1998","unstructured":"Smith-Jentsch KA, Johnston JH, Payne SC (1998a) Measuring team-related expertise in complex environments. In: Cannon-Bowers JA, Salas E (eds) Making decisions under stress: implications for individual and team training. American Psychological Association, pp 61\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/10278-003"},{"key":"1242_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1037\/10278-010","volume-title":"Making decisions under stress: implications for individual and team training","author":"KA Smith-Jentsch","year":"1998","unstructured":"Smith-Jentsch KA, Zeisig RL, Acton B, McPherson JA (1998b) Team dimensional training: a strategy for guided team self-correction. In: Cannon-Bowers JA, Salas E (eds) Making decisions under stress: implications for individual and team training. American Psychological Association, Washington, pp 337\u2013341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/10278-010"},{"key":"1242_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-022-02170-z","volume":"49","author":"L S\u00f6derin","year":"2023","unstructured":"S\u00f6derin L, Agri J, Hammarberg E, Lennquist-Mont\u00e1n K, Mont\u00e1n C (2023) Hospital preparedness for major incidents in Sweden: a national survey with focus on mass casualty incidents. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 49:635\u2013651. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00068-022-02170-z","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"},{"key":"1242_CR83","unstructured":"Swedish Armed Forces (2012) Technical, economic objective for training materials (TEMU): training facility in fire protection and related ship training. Stockholm [in Swedish; can be accessed upon reasonable request]"},{"key":"1242_CR84","unstructured":"Swedish Armed Forces (2018) Naval Warfare Centre. Interim edition of naval tactical doctrine. General Regulations. TRM:AFFS FM2018-19028:3. Available in case management system VIDAR\/Swedish Armed Forces. [in Swedish; can be accessed upon reasonable request]"},{"key":"1242_CR85","unstructured":"Swedish Armed Forces (2020) Naval tactical procedures in recillience. FM2020-3359:1. Interim edition [in Swedish; can be accessed upon reasonable request]"},{"key":"1242_CR86","unstructured":"Swedish Armed Forces (2021) 3rd Naval Flotilla. Sweden. Retrieved from: https:\/\/www.forsvarsmakten.se\/en\/about\/organisation\/training-units-schools-and-centres-\/third-naval-warfare-flotillia\/. Accessed 1 May 2021"},{"key":"1242_CR87","unstructured":"Swedish Armed Forces (2024a) BALTOPS 24. https:\/\/www.forsvarsmakten.se\/en\/search\/#!\/all?query=baltops%2024 Accessed 29 July 2024"},{"key":"1242_CR88","unstructured":"Swedish Armed Forces (2024b) https:\/\/www.forsvarsmakten.se\/en\/search\/#!\/all?query=exercises Exercises. Accessed 29 July 2024"},{"issue":"2","key":"1242_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1518\/hfes.46.2.219.37334","volume":"46","author":"JL Szalma","year":"2004","unstructured":"Szalma JL, Warm JS, Matthews G, Dember WN, Weiler EM, Meier A, Eggemeier T (2004) Effects of sensory modality and task duration on performance, workload, and stress in sustained attention. Proc Hum Factors Ergon Soc Meet 46(2):219\u2013233. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1518\/hfes.46.2.219.37334","journal-title":"Proc Hum Factors Ergon Soc Meet"},{"issue":"4","key":"1242_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nepr.2013.02.002","volume":"13","author":"R Tosterud","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tosterud R, Hedelin B, Hall-Lord ML (2013) Nursing students\u2019 perceptions of high- and low-fidelity simulation used as learning methods. Nurse Educ Pract 13(4):262\u2013270. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nepr.2013.02.002","journal-title":"Nurse Educ Pract"},{"key":"1242_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ergon.2022.103370","volume":"92","author":"W Tsz-Kin Chan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tsz-Kin Chan W, Li W-C (2022) Investigating professional values among pilots, cabin crew, ground staff, and managers to develop aviation safety management systems. Int J Ind Ergon 92:103370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ergon.2022.103370","journal-title":"Int J Ind Ergon"},{"key":"1242_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13437-023-00318-1","author":"HM Tusher","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tusher HM, Munim ZH, Nazir S (2023) An evaluation of maritime simulators from technical, instructional, and organizational perspectives: a hybrid multi-criteria decision-making approach. WMU J Marit Affairs. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13437-023-00318-1","journal-title":"WMU J Marit Affairs"},{"issue":"7","key":"1242_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2307","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17072307","volume":"17","author":"M Vicente-Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vicente-Rodr\u00edguez M, Fuentes-Garcia JP, Clemente-Su\u00e1rez VJ (2020) Psychophysiological stress response in an underwater evacuation training. Int J Environ Res Public Health 17(7):2307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17072307","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"1242_CR94","first-page":"288","volume":"127","author":"M Vicente-Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2024","unstructured":"Vicente-Rodr\u00edguez M, Tornero-Aguilera JF, Bustamante-S\u00e1nchez \u00c1, Parraca JA, Clemente Su\u00e1rez VJ (2024) Effect of experience and professional role on psychophysiological stress response in an underwater evacuation training. Rom J Mil Med 127(4):288\u2013295","journal-title":"Rom J Mil Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1242_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-5973.12040","volume":"22","author":"R Vidal","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vidal R, Roberts KH (2014) Observing elite firefighting teams: the triad effect. J Conting Crisis Manage 22(1):18\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1468-5973.12040","journal-title":"J Conting Crisis Manage"},{"key":"1242_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1007\/s13437-018-0150-7","volume":"17","author":"AM Wahl","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wahl AM, Kongsvik T (2018) Crew resource management training in the maritime industry: a literature review. WMU J Marit Affairs 17:377\u2013396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13437-018-0150-7","journal-title":"WMU J Marit Affairs"},{"key":"1242_CR97","unstructured":"Waldenstr\u00f6m C (2012)\u00a0Using a\u00a0low-fidelity\u00a0wargame for\u00a0training\u00a0fleet-level command and control in the classroom. In: Proceedings of the 17th international command and control research and technology symposium. Operationalizing C2 Agility. p 9"},{"issue":"4","key":"1242_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/S0952-8180(00)00152-5","volume":"12","author":"MB Weinger","year":"2000","unstructured":"Weinger MB, Vredenburg AG, Schumann CM, Macario A, Williams KJ, Kalscher MJ, Smith B, Truong P, Kim A (2000) Quantitative description of the workload associated with airway management procedures. J Clin Anesth 12(4):271\u2013282","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"key":"1242_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/s13437-023-00307-4","volume":"22","author":"AC Wiig","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wiig AC, Sellberg C, Solberg M (2023) Reviewing simulator-based training and assessment in maritime education: a topic modelling approach for tracing conceptual developments. WMU J Marit Affairs 22:143\u2013164. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13437-023-00307-4","journal-title":"WMU J Marit Affairs"},{"issue":"11","key":"1242_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2008.00223.x","volume":"15","author":"W Wilkerson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wilkerson W, Avstreih D, Gruppen L, Beier K-P, Wooliscroft J (2008) Using immersive simulation for training first responders for mass casualty incidents. Acad Emerg Med A Glob J Emerg Care 15(11):1152\u20131159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2008.00223.x","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med A Glob J Emerg Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"1242_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/00140139.2014.956151","volume":"58","author":"MS Young","year":"2015","unstructured":"Young MS, Brookhuis KA, Wickens CD, Hancock PA (2015) State of science: mental workload in ergonomics. Ergonomics 58(1):1\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00140139.2014.956151","journal-title":"Ergonomics"},{"issue":"5","key":"1242_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1097\/SIH.0b013e3181e3f329","volume":"5","author":"YY Yurko","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yurko YY, Scerboe WW, Prabhu AS, Acker CE, Stefanis D (2010) Higher mental workload is associated with poorer laparoscopic performance as measured by the NASA-TLX toll. Simul Health Care 5(5):267\u2013271","journal-title":"Simul Health Care"}],"container-title":["Cognitive Processing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10339-024-01242-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10339-024-01242-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10339-024-01242-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,6]],"date-time":"2025-05-06T05:16:58Z","timestamp":1746508618000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10339-024-01242-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,13]]},"references-count":102,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["1242"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10339-024-01242-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1612-4782","1612-4790"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1612-4782"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1612-4790"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 June 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 October 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 November 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors report there are no competing interests to declare.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in this study involved human participants, and were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Institutional Review Board at Link\u00f6ping University (Dnr 2013\/163-31). Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. The participants were informed that their participation was voluntary and that they could withdraw from the study at any time without explanation and without impact on their current duty or education in progress. This research complied with the tenets of the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Human or animal participants"}}]}}