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This is because it is much harder to solve boundary value problems than initial value problems. Shooting methods attempt to solve boundary value problems by solving a sequence of initial value problems, and usually need a good initial guess to succeed. The present paper finds a geodesic<jats:inline-formula><jats:alternatives><jats:tex-math>$$\\gamma :[0,1]\\rightarrow M$$<\/jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>\u03b3<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>:<\/mml:mo><mml:mo>[<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>,<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>]<\/mml:mo><mml:mo>\u2192<\/mml:mo><mml:mi>M<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math><\/jats:alternatives><\/jats:inline-formula>on the Riemannian manifold<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>with<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>(0) =<jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>and<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>(1) =<jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>by dividing the interval [0,1] into several sub-intervals, preferably just enough to enable a good initial guess for the boundary value problem on each subinterval. Then a geodesic joining consecutive endpoints (local junctions) is found by single shooting. Our algorithm then adjusts the junctions, either (1) by minimizing the total squared norm of the differences between associated geodesic velocities using Riemannian gradient descent, or (2) by solving a nonlinear system of equations using Newton\u2019s method. Our algorithm is compared with the known<jats:italic>leapfrog algorithm<\/jats:italic>by numerical experiments on a 2-dimensional ellipsoid Ell(2) and on a left-invariant 3-dimensional special orthogonal group<jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic><jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>(3). We find Newton\u2019s method (2) converges much faster than leapfrog when more junctions are needed, and that a good initial guess can be found for (2) by starting with Riemannian gradient descent method (1).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10444-022-09966-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,30]],"date-time":"2022-07-30T08:49:40Z","timestamp":1659170980000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Finding geodesics joining given points"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Lyle","family":"Noakes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4005-5431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erchuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"9966_CR1","unstructured":"Fletcher, T.: Geodesic regression on Riemannian manifolds. 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